Hordeum 87494 220066487 2008-06-18T03:20:42Z DOI bot 6652755 Citation maintenance. Initiated by [[User:Fconaway|Fconaway]]. You can [[WP:DOI|use this bot]] yourself! Please [[User:DOI_bot/bugs|report any bugs]]. {{Taxobox | name = ''Hordeum'' | image = Hordeum distichon0.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = ''Hordeum vulgare'' f. ''distichon'' | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Liliopsida]] | ordo = [[Poales]] | familia = [[Poaceae]] | genus = '''''Hordeum''''' | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] |}} '''''Hordeum''''' is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial [[Poaceae|grasses]], native throughout the temperate [[Northern Hemisphere]], temperate [[South America]], and also [[South Africa]]. One species, ''H. vulgare'' ([[barley]]), is of major commercial importance as a [[cereal]] grain, used as fodder crop and for [[malting]] in [[beer]] and [[whiskey]] production. Some species are nuisance [[weed]]s introduced world-wide by human activities others endangered due to habitat loss. ''Hordeum'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Flame (moth)|The Flame]], [[Rustic Shoulder-knot]] and [[Setaceous Hebrew Character]]. == Species == The genus ''Hordeum'' comprises currently 32 species: *''Hordeum arizonicum'' *''Hordeum bogdanii'' *''[[Hordeum brachyantherum]]'' ** with the subspecies (subsp.) ''brachyantherum'' (meadow barley) and ''californicum'' (California barley) *''Hordeum brevisubulatum'' ** subsp. ''brevisubulatum'', ''iranicum'', ''nevskianum'', ''turkestanicum'', and ''violaceum'' *''Hordeum bulbosum'' *''Hordeum capense'' *''Hordeum chilense'' *''Hordeum comosum'' *''Hordeum cordobense'' *''[[Hordeum depressum]]'' *''Hordeum erectifolium'' *''Hordeum euclaston'' *''Hordeum flexuosum'' *''Hordeum fuegianum'' *''Hordeum guatemalense'' *''Hordeum gussoneanum'' (sea barley) *''Hordeum intercedens'' *''[[Hordeum jubatum]]'' (foxtail barley) *''Hordeum lechleri'' *''Hordeum marinum'' (sea barley) *''[[Hordeum murinum]]'' (wall barley) ** subsp. ''murinum'', ''glaucum'', and ''leporinum'' *''Hordeum muticum'' *''Hordeum patagonicum'' ** subsp. ''patagonicum'', ''magellanicum'', ''mustersi'', ''santacrucense'', and ''setifolium'' *''Hordeum parodii'' *''Hordeum procerum'' *''Hordeum pubiflorum'' ** subsp. ''pubiflorum'' and ''halophilum'' *''Hordeum pusillum'' *''Hordeum roshevitzii'' *''Hordeum secalinum'' *''Hordeum stenostachys'' *''Hordeum tetraploidum'' *''Hordeum vulgare'' ([[barley]]) ** [[barley]] (''Hordeum vulgare'' subsp. ''vulgare'') *** two-rowed barley (''Hordeum vulgare'' f. ''distichon'') *** six-rowed barley (''Hordeum vulgare'' f. ''hexastichon'', ''Hordeum vulgare'' f. ''agriochriton'') ** wild barley (''Hordeum vulgare'' subsp. ''spontaneum'') == References == {{commonscat|Hordeum}} *{{cite book |author=R. von Bothmer, N. Jacobsen, C. Baden, R. B. Jørgensen & I. Linde-Laursen |year=1995 |title=An ecogeographical study of the genus ''Hordeum'', 2nd ed. |id=ISBN 92-9043-229-2 |publisher=International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome |url=http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org/Publications/HTMLPublications/271/index.htm}} *{{cite journal |quotes=no |author=F. R. Blattner |year=2004 |title=Phylogenetic analysis of ''Hordeum'' (Poaceae) as inferred by nuclear rDNA ITS sequences |journal=[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=289–299 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.012 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790304001745}} *{{cite journal |quotes=no |author=F. R. Blattner |year=2006 |title=Multiple intercontinental dispersals shaped the distribution area of ''Hordeum'' (Poaceae) |journal=[[New Phytologist]] |volume=169 |issue=3 |pages=603–614 |url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01610.x |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01610.x}} *{{cite journal |quotes=no |author=S. S. Jakob, A. Ihlow & F. R. Blattner |year=2007 |title=Combined ecological niche modelling and molecular phylogeography revealed the evolutionary history of ''Hordeum marinum'' (Poaceae) — niche differentiation, loss of genetic diversity, and speciation in Mediterranean Quaternary refugia |journal=[[Molecular Ecology]] |volume=16 |issue=8 |pages=1713–1727 |url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03228.x |doi=10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03228.x}} [[Category:Grasses]] [[ca:Hordeum]] [[da:Byg]] [[de:Gerste (Gattung)]] [[es:Hordeum]] [[fr:Hordeum]] [[it:Hordeum]] [[ku:Ceh]] [[lt:Miežis]] [[pt:Hordeum]] [[tr:Arpa]]