Humanure 790543 176321950 2007-12-07T07:00:45Z 199.125.109.41 move portal to proper section {{refimprove|date=September 2007}} {{dablink|You may be looking for [[Humanure (album)]]}} '''"Humanure"''' is a [[neologism]] designating human excrement (feces and urine) that is [[recycling|recycled]] via [[composting]] for [[agriculture|agricultural]] or other purposes. The term was popularized by [http://www.weblife.org/humanure/ ''The Humanure Handbook''], a 1994 book by Joseph Jenkins that advocates the use of this [[organic material|organic]] [[soil]] amendment. Humanure is not traditional [[sewage]] that has been processed by [[Sewage treatment|waste-treatment]] facilities, which may include waste from [[industry|industrial]] and other sources; rather, it is the combination of [[feces]] and [[urine]] with paper and additional [[carbon]] material (such as [[sawdust]]). By not disposing of feces and urine through the typical use of a flush [[toilet]], nutrients can be returned to the soil instead of [[pollution|polluting]] the water table. Humanure is deemed safe for humans to use on [[agriculture|crops]] as long as it has been composted properly. This means that [[thermophilic]] decomposition of the humanure must heat it sufficiently to remove or destroy harmful [[pathogen]]s, or enough time must have elapsed since fresh manure was added that [[biology|biological]] activity has killed most pathogens. To be safe for crops, a curing stage is often needed to allow a second [[mesophile|mesophilic]] phase to reduce [[phytotoxin]]s. Humanure is different from [[night soil]], which is raw human refuse spread on crops. ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==See also== {{Portal|Sustainable development|Sustainable development.svg}} *[[Clivus (toilet)|Clivus]] *[[Composting toilet]] *[[Ecological sanitation]] *[[Feces]] *[[Outhouse]] *[[Toilet]] *[[Tree bog]] *[[Jenkem]] ==External links== *[http://www.weblife.org/humanure/ ''The Humanure Handbook''] *[http://www.compostingtoilet.org/ Composting Toilet World] [[Category:Soil improvers]] [[Category:Environmental soil science]] [[Category:Composting]] [[Category:Gardening]] [[Category:Organic gardening]] [[Category:Permaculture]]