Humera
5068409
223236886
2008-07-03T05:07:41Z
149.171.90.145
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{{Infobox Settlement
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Tigray Region|Tigray]]
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Mi'irabawi Zone|Mi'irabawi (Western)]]
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'''Humera''' (also '''Himera''', [[Ge'ez alphabet|Ge'ez]] ሁመራ ''hūmerā'') is a town in northern [[Ethiopia]], near the borders of [[Sudan]] and [[Eritrea]]. Located in [[Mi'irabawi Zone]] of the [[Tigray Region]], this town has a latitude and a longitude of {{coor dm |14|18|N|36|37|E}}. Humera is the administrative center of [[Kafta Humera]] woreda.<ref>At least in 1998, per [http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Hornet/tigray01.html EUE: Tigray Evacuees, 12/98]</ref>
Humera is served by [[Humera Airport]] ([[ICAO]] code HAHU, [[IATA]] HUE), but this is not currently operational due to the ongoing border dispute.
This town will likely be a flashpoint of future confrontation(cf [[Badme]]) in the event the Ethiopian tribes of [[Amhara]] or [[Tigrean]]
secede as a separate country legally.<ref>http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Hornet/Humera_Repat_1.html</ref>
It is claimed by both tribes as can be noted in the History section.
Based on figures from the [[Central Statistical Agency (Ethiopia)|Central Statistical Agency]] (CSA) of Ethiopia published in 2005, Humera has an estimated total population of 25,433 of whom 14,364 were males and 11,069 females.<ref>[http://www.csa.gov.et/text_files/2005_national_statistics.htm CSA 2005 National Statistics], Table B.4.</ref> The 1994 census reported it had a total population of 14,451 of whom 7,649 were males and 6,802 were females.
The population increases dramatically each year during the farming season, when migrant workers arrive from all over the country. [[Sesame]], [[tef]] and [[sorghum]] are among the most common crops. Migrant workers are particularly vulnerable to disease; [[malaria]] and [[visceral leishmaniasis]] (kala-azar) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in this population.{{Fact|date=December 2007}}
== History==
Humera is part of the [[Wolqayt]]-[[Tsegede]] area, which historically has been part of the former province of [[Begemder]]. During the [[Ethiopian Civil War]], Teranafit and its successor [[Ethiopian Democratic Union]] (EDU) drew much of their support from the commercial farmers of Humera and Wolqayt, and gained control of Humera in early [[1977]]; [[Derg]] forces with tanks and armored cars retook Humera in [[10 June]], and the officers of the EDU fled to Sudan. By February 1989, the economic constraints and humiliating military defeats the government had suffered forced it to evacuate Tigray, and withdraw its garrison at Humera. This action allowed the [[Tigrayan People's Liberation Front]] to take control of the area, and create a supply line into unchecked by the Derg.<ref name=NAI-web>[http://130.238.24.99/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/h/ORTHOS.pdf "Local History in Ethiopia"] (pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 11 December 2007)</ref>
In the first few months after the beginning of the [[Eritrean-Ethiopian War]], most of the population had fled south to the villages of Ba'eker (11,000), May Kedra (5000), and Bereket 4000; these refugees have since returned home.<ref>EUE: Tigray Evacuees, 12/98</ref>
== Notes ==
<references/>
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in the Tigray Region]]
[[ro:Humera]]