ISO/IEC 8859-1 15019 225692073 2008-07-14T22:46:04Z Tedickey 1942604 rm test '''ISO 8859-1''', more formally cited as '''ISO/IEC 8859-1''' is part 1 of [[ISO 8859|ISO/IEC 8859]], a standard [[character encoding]] of the [[Latin alphabet]]. It is less formally referred to as '''Latin-1'''. It was originally developed by the [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]], but later jointly maintained by the ISO and the [[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]]. The standard, when supplemented with additional character assignments (in the ''C0'' and ''C1'' ranges: 0x00 to 0x1F and 0x7F, and 0x80 to 0x9F), is the basis of two widely-used character maps known as '''ISO-8859-1''' (''note the extra hyphen'') and [[Windows-1252]]. In June [[2004]], the ISO/IEC working group responsible for maintaining eight-[[bit]] coded character sets disbanded and ceased all maintenance of ISO 8859, including ISO 8859-1, in order to concentrate on the [[Universal Character Set]] and [[Unicode]]. In computing applications, encodings that provide full UCS support (such as [[UTF-8]] and [[UTF-16]]) are finding increasing favor over encodings based on ISO 8859-1.{{Fact|date=June 2008}} == Coverage == ISO 8859-1 encodes what it refers to as "[[Latin alphabet]] no. 1," consisting of 191 [[character (computing)|characters]] from the Latin [[writing system|script]]. This character encoding is used throughout [[The Americas]], [[Western Europe]], [[Oceania]], and much of [[Africa]]. It is also commonly used in most standard romanizations of East-Asian languages. Each character is encoded as a single eight-bit code value. These code values can be used in almost any data interchange system to communicate in the following European languages (with a few exceptions due to missing characters, as noted): ; Modern languages with complete coverage of their alphabet: {|border="0" cellspacing="8" cellpadding="0" |-valign="top" | *[[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]] *[[Albanian language|Albanian]] *[[Breton language|Breton]] *[[Catalan language|Catalan]] *[[Danish language|Danish]] *[[English language|English]] (US and modern British) *[[Faroese language|Faroese]] *[[Galician language|Galician]] *[[German language|German]] | *[[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] *[[Irish language|Irish]] (new orthography) *[[Italian language|Italian]] *[[Kurdish alphabet|Kurdish]] (The Kurdish Unified Alphabet) *[[Latin]] (basic classical orthography) *[[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]] (basic classical orthography) *[[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] (Bokmål and Nynorsk) *[[Occitan language|Occitan]] | *[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] (European and Brazilian) *[[Romansh|Rhaeto-Romanic]] *[[Scottish Gaelic]] *[[Spanish language|Spanish]] *[[Swahili language|Swahili]] *[[Swedish language|Swedish]] *[[Walloon language|Walloon]] *[[Basque language|Basque]] |} ; Languages commonly supported with nearly complete coverage of their alphabet {|border="0" cellspacing="8" cellpadding="0" |-valign="top" | *[[Dutch language|Dutch]] (missing ''[[IJ (letter)|IJ]], ij'' but these should always be represented as IJ or ij in electronic form) *[[Estonian language|Estonian]] (missing ''[[Š]], š, [[Ž]], ž'' for loan words) ** Note that Windows-1252 and [[ISO/IEC 8859-15|ISO-8859-15]] do contain these *[[French language|French]] (missing ''[[OE ligature|Œ]], œ'' and the very rare ''[[Ÿ]]''; they are generally replaced by 'OE' and 'oe' without the normally required ligature, and 'Y' without the diaeresis) ** Note that Windows-1252 and [[ISO/IEC 8859-15|ISO-8859-15]] do contain these *[[Finnish language|Finnish]] (missing ''[[Š]], š, [[Ž]], ž'' for loan words) ** Note that Windows-1252 and [[ISO/IEC 8859-15|ISO-8859-15]] do contain these *[[Welsh language|Welsh]] (missing ''[[Ŵ]], ŵ, [[Ŷ]], ŷ'') ** Note that [[ISO/IEC 8859-14|ISO-8859-14]] does contain these |} ; Coverage of punctuation signs and apostrophes For some languages listed above the correct typographical [[Quotation mark#Table|quotation mark]]s are missing, for only « », " ", and ' ' are included. Also, this encoding does not provide the correct character for the apostrophe, and oriented single high quotation marks, although some texts use the spacing grave accent and spacing acute accent which are both part of ISO 8859-1, instead of the 6-shaped/9-shaped quotations marks or apostrophes (and this works reliably with some font styles where all these characters are displayed as slanted wedge glyphs). ''See also:'' [[Alphabets derived from the Latin]] == History == ISO 8859-1 was based on the [[Multinational Character Set]] used by [[Digital Equipment Corporation]] in the popular [[VT220]] terminal. It was developed within ECMA, the [[European Computer Manufacturers Association]], and published in March 1985 as ECMA-94, by which name it is still sometimes known. The [http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-094.pdf second edition of ECMA-94] (June 1986) also included [[ISO 8859-2]], [[ISO 8859-3]], and [[ISO 8859-4]] as part of the specification {{Expand-section|date=May 2008}}<!--revision history, anyone?--> == Relationship to ISO/IEC 8859-15 == Although ISO/IEC 8859-1 has enough characters for most French text, it is missing a few letters that are less common. It is also missing a single-glyph representation for the letter IJ, two Finnish letters used for transcription of some foreign names and in a few loanwords (Š and Ž), typographic [[quotation mark]]s and [[dash]]es, and common symbols such as the [[euro sign]] (€) and [[Dagger (typography)|dagger]] (†). In order to provide some of these characters, [[ISO 8859-15|ISO/IEC 8859-15]] was developed as an update of ISO/IEC 8859-1. This required, however, the removal of some infrequently-used characters from ISO/IEC 8859-1, including fraction symbols and letter-free diacritics: ¤, ¦, ¨, ´, ¸, ¼, ½, and ¾. == Codepage layout == Since all 191 characters encoded by ISO/IEC 8859-1 are 'graphic' (ISO's term for characters that are not control codes) and are compatible with most web browsers, they can be shown as [[glyph]]s in the following table. Since the space, no-break space, and soft hyphen characters would not normally be visible, they are represented by abbreviations for their names. All other characters are represented literally. Row and column headings indicate the [[hexadecimal]] digit combinations to produce the eight-bit code value; e.g., the letter ''L'' is at code value 4C. {| {{chset-tableformat}} {{chset-table-header|ISO/IEC 8859-1 (Latin-1)}} |- !{{chset-left|0}} |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |- !{{chset-left|1}} |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |- !{{chset-left|2}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0020|[[space character|SP]]|32}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0021|[[Exclamation mark|!]]|33}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0022|[[Quotation mark|&#x22;]]|34}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0023|[[Number sign|#]]|35}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0024|[[Dollar sign|$]]|36}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0025|[[Percent sign|%]]|37}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0026|[[Ampersand|&amp;]]|38}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0027|[[Apostrophe|&#x27;]]|39}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0028|[[Bracket|(]]|40}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0029|[[Bracket|)]]|41}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002A|[[Asterisk|*]]|42}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002B|[[Plus and minus signs|+]]|43}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002C|[[Comma (punctuation)|,]]|44}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002D|[[Plus and minus signs|-]]|45}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002E|[[Full stop|.]]|46}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002F|[[Slash (punctuation)|/]]|47}} |- !{{chset-left|3}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0030|[[0 (number)|0]]|48}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0031|[[1 (number)|1]]|49}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0032|[[2 (number)|2]]|50}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0033|[[3 (number)|3]]|51}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0034|[[4 (number)|4]]|52}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0035|[[5 (number)|5]]|53}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0036|[[6 (number)|6]]|54}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0037|[[7 (number)|7]]|55}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0038|[[8 (number)|8]]|56}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0039|[[9 (number)|9]]|57}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003A|[[colon (punctuation)|&#x3A;]]|58}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003B|[[semicolon|&#x3B;]]|59}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003C|[[angle bracket|&#x3C;]]|60}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003D|[[equal sign|&#x3D;]]|61}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003E|[[angle bracket|&#x3E;]]|62}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003F|[[question mark|&#x3F;]]|63}} |- !{{chset-left|4}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0040|[[@]]|64}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0041|[[A]]|65}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0042|[[B]]|66}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0043|[[C]]|67}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0044|[[D]]|68}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0045|[[E]]|69}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0046|[[F]]|70}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0047|[[G]]|71}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0048|[[H]]|72}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0049|[[I]]|73}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004A|[[J]]|74}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004B|[[K]]|75}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004C|[[L]]|76}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004D|[[M]]|77}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004E|[[N]]|78}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004F|[[O]]|79}} |- !{{chset-left|5}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0050|[[P]]|80}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0051|[[Q]]|81}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0052|[[R]]|82}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0053|[[S]]|83}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0054|[[T]]|84}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0055|[[U]]|85}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0056|[[V]]|86}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0057|[[W]]|87}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0058|[[X]]|88}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0059|[[Y]]|89}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|005A|[[Z]]|90}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005B|[[Square brackets|&#x5B;]]|91}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005C|[[Backslash|&#x5C;]]|92}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005D|[[Square brackets|&#x5D;]]|93}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005E|[[Circumflex|^]]|94}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005F|[[Underscore|_]]|95}} |- !{{chset-left|6}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0060|[[Grave accent|`]]|96}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0061|[[a]]|97}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0062|[[b]]|98}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0063|[[c]]|99}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0064|[[d]]|100}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0065|[[e]]|101}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0066|[[f]]|102}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0067|[[g]]|103}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0068|[[h]]|104}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0069|[[i]]|105}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006A|[[j]]|106}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006B|[[k]]|107}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006C|[[l]]|108}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006D|[[m]]|109}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006E|[[n]]|110}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006F|[[o]]|111}} |- !{{chset-left|7}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0070|[[p]]|112}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0071|[[q]]|113}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0072|[[r]]|114}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0073|[[s]]|115}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0074|[[t]]|116}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0075|[[u]]|117}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0076|[[v]]|118}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0077|[[w]]|119}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0078|[[x]]|120}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0079|[[y]]|121}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|007A|[[z]]|122}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007B|[[Braces (punctuation)|{]]|123}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007C|[[Pipe (computing)|&#x7C;]]|124}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007D|[[Braces (punctuation)|}]]|125}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007E|[[Tilde|~]]|126}} |{{chset-color-undef}}| |- !{{chset-left|8}} |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |- !{{chset-left|9}} |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |{{chset-color-undef}}| |- !{{chset-left|A}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-ctrl3|00A0|[[Non-breaking space|NBSP]]|160}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A1|[[Exclamation mark|¡]]|161}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A2|[[Cent (currency)|¢]]|162}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A3|[[Pound sign|£]]|163}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A4|[[Currency (typography)|¤]]|164}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A5|[[Yen|¥]]|165}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A6|[[Broken bar|&#xA6;]]|166}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A7|[[Section sign|§]]|167}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A8|[[Diaeresis|¨]]|168}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A9|[[Copyright symbol|©]]|169}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AA|[[ª]]|170}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AB|[[Angle quotes|«]]|171}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AC|[[Logical not|¬]]|172}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-ctrl3|00AD|[[Soft hyphen|SHY]]|173}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AE|[[®]]|174}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AF|[[Macron|¯]]|175}} |- !{{chset-left|B}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B0|[[degree (symbol)|°]]|176}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B1|[[plus-minus sign|±]]|177}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B2|[[square (algebra)|²]]|178}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B3|[[cube (arithmetic)|³]]|179}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B4|[[acute accent|´]]|180}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B5|[[micro sign|µ]]|181}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B6|[[pilcrow|¶]]|182}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B7|[[interpunct|·]]|183}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B8|[[cedilla|¸]]|184}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B9|[[¹]]|185}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BA|[[º]]|186}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BB|[[angle quotes|»]]|187}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BC|[[¼]]|188}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BD|[[½]]|189}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BE|[[¾]]|190}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BF|[[question mark|¿]]|191}} |- !{{chset-left|C}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C0|[[À]]|192}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C1|[[Á]]|193}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C2|[[Â]]|194}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C3|[[Ã]]|195}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C4|[[Ä]]|196}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C5|[[Å]]|197}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C6|[[Æ]]|198}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C7|[[Cedilla|Ç]]|199}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C8|[[È]]|200}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C9|[[É]]|201}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CA|[[Ê]]|202}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CB|[[Ë]]|203}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CC|[[Ì]]|204}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CD|[[Í]]|205}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CE|[[Î]]|206}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CF|[[Ï]]|207}} |- !{{chset-left|D}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D0|[[Eth|Ð]]|208}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D1|[[Ñ]]|209}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D2|[[Ò]]|210}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D3|[[Ó]]|211}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D4|[[Ô]]|212}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D5|[[Õ]]|213}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D6|[[Ö]]|214}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00D7|[[×]]|215}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D8|[[Ø]]|216}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D9|[[Ù]]|217}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DA|[[Ú]]|218}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DB|[[Û]]|219}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DC|[[Ü]]|220}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DD|[[Ý]]|221}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DE|[[Thorn (letter)|Þ]]|222}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DF|[[ß]]|223}} |- !{{chset-left|E}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E0|[[à]]|224}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E1|[[á]]|225}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E2|[[â]]|226}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E3|[[ã]]|227}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E4|[[ä]]|228}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E5|[[å]]|229}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E6|[[æ]]|230}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E7|[[ç]]|231}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E8|[[è]]|232}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E9|[[é]]|233}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EA|[[ê]]|234}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EB|[[ë]]|235}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EC|[[ì]]|236}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00ED|[[í]]|237}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EE|[[î]]|238}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EF|[[ï]]|239}} |- !{{chset-left|F}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F0|[[eth|ð]]|240}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F1|[[ñ]]|241}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F2|[[ò]]|242}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F3|[[ó]]|243}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F4|[[ô]]|244}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F5|[[õ]]|245}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F6|[[ö]]|246}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00F7|[[÷]]|247}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F8|[[ø]]|248}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F9|[[ù]]|249}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FA|[[ú]]|250}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FB|[[û]]|251}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FC|[[ü]]|252}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FD|[[ý]]|253}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FE|[[thorn (letter)|þ]]|254}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FF|[[ÿ]]|255}} {{chset-table-footer}} |} Code values 00&ndash;1F, 7F&ndash;9F are not assigned to characters by ISO/IEC 8859-1. The lower range 20 to 7E (the G0 subset) maps exactly to the same coded G0 subset of the ISO 646 US variant (commonly known as [[ASCII]]), whose [[ISO 2022]] standard switch sequence is "'''ESC ( B'''". The higher range A0 to FF (the G1 subset) maps exactly to the same subset initiated by the [[ISO 2022]] standard switch sequence "'''ESC . A'''". == Related character maps == The ISO/IEC 8859-1 standard has long been the basis of a number of ''character maps'', also known as ''character sets'', ''charsets'', or ''code pages'', the most popular being '''ISO-8859-1''' (note the extra hyphen) and [[Windows-1252]]. Both of these maps are a superset of ISO/IEC 8859-1; they supplement the standard's 191 character assignments by mapping additional characters to at least some portion of the code value ranges 00&ndash;1F, 7F, and 80&ndash;9F. === ISO-8859-1 ===<!-- This section is linked from [[ISO-8859-1]] --> In [[1992]], the [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]] registered the character map '''ISO_8859-1:1987''', more commonly known by its preferred [[MIME]] name of '''ISO-8859-1''' (note the extra hyphen over ISO 8859-1), a superset of ISO 8859-1, for use on the [[Internet]]. This map assigns the [[C0 and C1 control character]]s to the code values 00&ndash;1F, 7F, and 80&ndash;9F. It thus provides for 256 characters via every possible 8-bit value. ISO-8859-1 is (according to the standards at least) the default encoding of documents delivered via [[HTTP]] with a [[MIME type]] beginning with "text/". It is the default encoding of the values of certain descriptive HTTP headers, and is the standard encoding used by the [[X Window System]] on most [[Unix]] machines in locales which use that character set. It was also the basis of the repertoire of characters allowed in [[HTML]] 3.2 documents (HTML 4.0, however, is based on [[Unicode]]). Escape sequences (from ISO/IEC 6429 or [[ISO/IEC 2022]]) are not to be interpreted in documents labeled as ISO-8859-1 encoded. As well as the canonical name and preferred MIME name mentioned above, the following other aliases are registered for ISO-8859-1: '''ISO_8859-1''', '''ISO-8859-1''', '''iso-ir-100''', '''csISOLatin1''', '''latin1''', '''l1''', '''IBM819''', '''CP819'''. ISO-8859-1 was also incorporated as the first 256 code points of [[ISO/IEC 10646]] and [[Unicode]]. {|border="0" cellspacing="8" cellpadding="0" |-valign="top" | {|class="wikitable" ! Code point !! Control character !! Abbreviation |- | 00 || [[Null character|Null]] || NUL |- | 01 || [[Start of heading|Start Of Heading]] || SOH |- | 02 || [[Start of text|Start of Text]] || STX |- | 03 || [[End of text|End of Text]] || ETX |- | 04 || [[End of transmission|End Of Transmission]] || EOT |- | 05 || [[Enquiry]] || ENQ |- | 06 || [[Acknowledge character|Acknowledge]] || ACK |- | 07 || [[Bell character|Bell]] || BEL |- | 08 || [[Backspace]] || BS |- | 09 || [[Horizontal tab|Horizontal Tab]] || HT |- | 0A || [[Line feed|Line Feed]] || LF |- | 0B || [[Vertical tab|Vertical Tab]] || VT |- | 0C || [[Form feed|Form Feed]] || FF |- | 0D || [[Carriage return|Carriage Return]] || CR |- | 0E || [[Shift out|Shift Out]] || SO |- | 0F || [[Shift in|Shift In]] || SI |- | 10 || [[Data link escape|Data Link Escape]] || DLE |- | 11 || [[Device Control 1]] || DC1 |- | 12 || [[Device Control 2]] || DC2 |- | 13 || [[Device Control 3]] || DC3 |- | 14 || [[Device Control 4]] || DC4 |- | 15 || [[Negative-acknowledge character|Negative Acknowledge]] || NAK |- | 16 || [[Synchronous idle]] || SYN |- | 17 || [[End of transmission block|End of Transmission Block]] || ETB |- | 18 || [[Cancel character|Cancel]] || CAN |- | 19 || [[End of medium|End of Medium]] || EM |- | 1A || [[Substitute (character)]] || SUB |- | 1B || [[Escape character]] || ESC |- | 1C || [[File separator]] || FS |- | 1D || [[Group separator]] || GS |- | 1E || [[Record separator]] || RS |- | 1F || [[Unit separator]] || US |- | 7F || [[Delete character|Delete]] || DEL |} |&nbsp; | {|class=wikitable ! Code point !! Control character !! Abbreviation |- | 80 || [[Padding Character]] || PAD |- | 81 || [[High Octet Preset]] || HOP |- | 82 || [[Break Permitted Here]] || BPH |- | 83 || [[No Break Here]] || NBH |- | 84 || Index || IND |- | 85 || [[Next Line]] || NEL |- | 86 || [[Start of Selected Area]] || SSA |- | 87 || [[End of Selected Area]] || ESA |- | 88 || [[Character Tabulation Set]] || HTS |- | 89 || [[Character Tabulation with Justification]] || HTJ |- | 8A || [[Line Tabulation Set]] || VTS |- | 8B || [[Partial Line Forward]] || PLD |- | 8C || [[Partial Line Backward]] || PLU |- | 8D || [[Reverse Line Feed]] || RI |- | 8E || [[Single Shift 2]] || SS2 |- | 8F || [[Single Shift 3]] || SS3 |- | 90 || [[Device Control String]] || DCS |- | 91 || [[Private Use 1]] || PU1 |- | 92 || [[Private Use 2]] || PU2 |- | 93 || [[Set Transmit State]] || STS |- | 94 || [[Cancel Character]] || CCH |- | 95 || [[Message Waiting]] || MW |- | 96 || [[Start of Guarded Area]] || SPA |- | 97 || [[End of Guarded Area]] || EPA |- | 98 || [[Start of String]] || SOS |- | 99 || [[Single Graphic Character Introducer]] || SGCI |- | 9A || [[Single Character Introducer]] || SCI |- | 9B || [[Control Sequence Introducer]] || CSI |- | 9C || [[String Terminator]] || ST |- | 9D || [[Operating System Command]] || OSC |- | 9E || [[Privacy Message]] || PM |- | 9F || [[Application Program Command]] ||APC |} |} {| {{chset-tableformat}} {{chset-table-header|ISO-8859-1}} |- !{{chset-left|0}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0000|[[Null character|NUL]]|0}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0001|[[Start of heading|SOH]]|1}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0002|[[Start of text|STX]]|2}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0003|[[End of text|ETX]]|3}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0004|[[End of transmission character|EOT]]|4}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0005|[[Enquiry character|ENQ]]|5}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0006|[[Acknowledge character|ACK]]|6}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0007|[[Bell character|BEL]]|7}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0008|[[Backspace|BS]]|8}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0009|[[Horizontal tab|HT]]|9}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|000A|[[Line feed|LF]]|10}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|000B|[[Vertical tab|VT]]|11}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|000C|[[Form feed|FF]]|12}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|000D|[[Carriage return|CR]]|13}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|000E|[[Shift out|SO]]|14}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|000F|[[Shift in|SI]]|15}} |- !{{chset-left|1}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0010|[[Data link escape|DLE]]|16}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0011|[[Device Control 1|DC1]]|17}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0012|[[Device Control 2|DC2]]|18}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0013|[[Device Control 3|DC3]]|19}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0014|[[Device Control 4|DC4]]|20}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0015|[[Negative acknowledge character|NAK]]|21}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0016|[[Synchronous idle|SYN]]|22}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0017|[[End of transmission block|ETB]]|23}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0018|[[Cancel|CAN]]|24}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0019|[[End of medium|EM]]|25}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|001A|[[Substitute character|SUB]]|26}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|001B|[[Escape character|ESC]]|27}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|001C|[[File separator|FS]]|28}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|001D|[[Group separator|GS]]|29}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|001E|[[Record separator|RS]]|30}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|001F|[[Unit separator|US]]|31}} |- !{{chset-left|2}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0020|[[space character|SP]]|32}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0021|[[Exclamation mark|!]]|33}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0022|[[Quotation mark|&#x22;]]|34}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0023|[[Number sign|#]]|35}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0024|[[Dollar sign|$]]|36}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0025|[[Percent sign|%]]|37}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0026|[[Ampersand|&amp;]]|38}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0027|[[Apostrophe|&#x27;]]|39}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0028|[[Bracket|(]]|40}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0029|[[Bracket|)]]|41}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002A|[[Asterisk|*]]|42}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002B|[[Plus and minus signs|+]]|43}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002C|[[Comma (punctuation)|,]]|44}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002D|[[Plus and minus signs|-]]|45}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002E|[[Full stop|.]]|46}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|002F|[[Slash (punctuation)|/]]|47}} |- !{{chset-left|3}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0030|[[0 (number)|0]]|48}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0031|[[1 (number)|1]]|49}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0032|[[2 (number)|2]]|50}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0033|[[3 (number)|3]]|51}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0034|[[4 (number)|4]]|52}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0035|[[5 (number)|5]]|53}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0036|[[6 (number)|6]]|54}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0037|[[7 (number)|7]]|55}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0038|[[8 (number)|8]]|56}} |{{chset-color-digit}}|{{chset-cell3|0039|[[9 (number)|9]]|57}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003A|[[colon (punctuation)|&#x3A;]]|58}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003B|[[semicolon|&#x3B;]]|59}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003C|[[angle bracket|&#x3C;]]|60}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003D|[[equal sign|&#x3D;]]|61}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003E|[[angle bracket|&#x3E;]]|62}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|003F|[[question mark|&#x3F;]]|63}} |- !{{chset-left|4}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0040|[[@]]|64}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0041|[[A]]|65}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0042|[[B]]|66}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0043|[[C]]|67}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0044|[[D]]|68}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0045|[[E]]|69}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0046|[[F]]|70}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0047|[[G]]|71}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0048|[[H]]|72}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0049|[[I]]|73}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004A|[[J]]|74}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004B|[[K]]|75}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004C|[[L]]|76}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004D|[[M]]|77}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004E|[[N]]|78}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|004F|[[O]]|79}} |- !{{chset-left|5}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0050|[[P]]|80}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0051|[[Q]]|81}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0052|[[R]]|82}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0053|[[S]]|83}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0054|[[T]]|84}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0055|[[U]]|85}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0056|[[V]]|86}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0057|[[W]]|87}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0058|[[X]]|88}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0059|[[Y]]|89}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|005A|[[Z]]|90}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005B|[[Square brackets|&#x5B;]]|91}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005C|[[Backslash|&#x5C;]]|92}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005D|[[Square brackets|&#x5D;]]|93}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005E|[[Circumflex|^]]|94}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|005F|[[Underscore|_]]|95}} |- !{{chset-left|6}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|0060|[[Grave accent|`]]|96}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0061|[[a]]|97}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0062|[[b]]|98}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0063|[[c]]|99}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0064|[[d]]|100}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0065|[[e]]|101}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0066|[[f]]|102}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0067|[[g]]|103}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0068|[[h]]|104}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0069|[[i]]|105}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006A|[[j]]|106}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006B|[[k]]|107}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006C|[[l]]|108}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006D|[[m]]|109}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006E|[[n]]|110}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|006F|[[o]]|111}} |- !{{chset-left|7}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0070|[[p]]|112}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0071|[[q]]|113}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0072|[[r]]|114}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0073|[[s]]|115}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0074|[[t]]|116}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0075|[[u]]|117}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0076|[[v]]|118}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0077|[[w]]|119}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0078|[[x]]|120}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|0079|[[y]]|121}} |{{chset-color-alpha}}|{{chset-cell3|007A|[[z]]|122}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007B|[[Braces (punctuation)|{]]|123}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007C|[[Pipe (computing)|&#x7C;]]|124}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007D|[[Braces (punctuation)|}]]|125}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|007E|[[Tilde|~]]|126}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}} |{{chset-ctrl3|007F|[[Delete character|DEL]]|127}} |- !{{chset-left|8}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0080|PAD |128}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0081|HOP |129}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0082|BPH |130}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0083|NBH |131}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0084|IND |132}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0085|NEL |133}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0086|SSA |134}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0087|ESA |135}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0088|HTS |136}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0089|HTJ |137}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|008A|VTS |138}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|008B|PLD |139}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|008C|PLU |140}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|008D|RI |141}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|008E|SS2 |142}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|008F|SS3 |143}} |- !{{chset-left|9}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0090|DCS |144}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0091|PU1 |145}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0092|PU2 |146}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0093|STS |147}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0094|CCH |148}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0095|MW |149}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0096|SPA |150}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0097|EPA |151}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0098|SOS |152}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|0099|SGCI|153}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|009A|SCI |154}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|009B|CSI |155}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|009C|ST |156}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|009D|OSC |157}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|009E|PM |158}} |{{chset-color-ctrl}}|{{chset-ctrl3|009F|APC |159}} |- !{{chset-left|A}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-ctrl3|00A0|[[Non-breaking space|NBSP]]|160}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A1|[[Exclamation mark|¡]]|161}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A2|[[Cent (currency)|¢]]|162}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A3|[[Pound sign|£]]|163}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A4|[[Currency (typography)|¤]]|164}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A5|[[Yen|¥]]|165}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A6|[[Broken bar|&#xA6;]]|166}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A7|[[Section sign|§]]|167}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A8|[[Diaeresis|¨]]|168}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00A9|[[Copyright symbol|©]]|169}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AA|[[ª]]|170}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AB|[[Angle quotes|«]]|171}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AC|[[Logical not|¬]]|172}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-ctrl3|00AD|[[Soft hyphen|SHY]]|173}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AE|[[®]]|174}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00AF|[[Macron|¯]]|175}} |- !{{chset-left|B}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B0|[[degree (symbol)|°]]|176}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B1|[[plus-minus sign|±]]|177}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B2|[[square (algebra)|²]]|178}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B3|[[cube (arithmetic)|³]]|179}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B4|[[acute accent|´]]|180}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B5|[[micro sign|µ]]|181}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B6|[[pilcrow|¶]]|182}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B7|[[interpunct|·]]|183}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B8|[[cedilla|¸]]|184}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00B9|[[¹]]|185}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BA|[[º]]|186}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BB|[[angle quotes|»]]|187}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BC|[[¼]]|188}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BD|[[½]]|189}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BE|[[¾]]|190}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00BF|[[question mark|¿]]|191}} |- !{{chset-left|C}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C0|[[À]]|192}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C1|[[Á]]|193}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C2|[[Â]]|194}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C3|[[Ã]]|195}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C4|[[Ä]]|196}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C5|[[Å]]|197}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C6|[[Æ]]|198}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C7|[[Cedilla|Ç]]|199}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C8|[[È]]|200}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00C9|[[É]]|201}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CA|[[Ê]]|202}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CB|[[Ë]]|203}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CC|[[Ì]]|204}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CD|[[Í]]|205}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CE|[[Î]]|206}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00CF|[[Ï]]|207}} |- !{{chset-left|D}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D0|[[Eth|Ð]]|208}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D1|[[Ñ]]|209}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D2|[[Ò]]|210}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D3|[[Ó]]|211}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D4|[[Ô]]|212}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D5|[[Õ]]|213}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D6|[[Ö]]|214}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00D7|[[×]]|215}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D8|[[Ø]]|216}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00D9|[[Ù]]|217}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DA|[[Ú]]|218}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DB|[[Û]]|219}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DC|[[Ü]]|220}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DD|[[Ý]]|221}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DE|[[Thorn (letter)|Þ]]|222}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00DF|[[ß]]|223}} |- !{{chset-left|E}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E0|[[à]]|224}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E1|[[á]]|225}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E2|[[â]]|226}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E3|[[ã]]|227}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E4|[[ä]]|228}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E5|[[å]]|229}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E6|[[æ]]|230}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E7|[[ç]]|231}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E8|[[è]]|232}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00E9|[[é]]|233}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EA|[[ê]]|234}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EB|[[ë]]|235}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EC|[[ì]]|236}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00ED|[[í]]|237}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EE|[[î]]|238}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00EF|[[ï]]|239}} |- !{{chset-left|F}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F0|[[eth|ð]]|240}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F1|[[ñ]]|241}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F2|[[ò]]|242}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F3|[[ó]]|243}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F4|[[ô]]|244}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F5|[[õ]]|245}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F6|[[ö]]|246}} |{{chset-color-punct}}|{{chset-cell3|00F7|[[÷]]|247}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F8|[[ø]]|248}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00F9|[[ù]]|249}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FA|[[ú]]|250}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FB|[[û]]|251}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FC|[[ü]]|252}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FD|[[ý]]|253}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FE|[[thorn (letter)|þ]]|254}} |{{chset-color-intl }}|{{chset-cell3|00FF|[[ÿ]]|255}} {{chset-table-footer}} |} Note that most of these control characters are not made for use in portable ISO-8859-1 encoded plain text documents, but only within specific protocols or devices, except a few ones whose behavior are standardized: TAB (09), LF (0A), CR (0D) and NEL (85); all but the first one are used to encode end of lines or to separate paragraphs, and TAB is often considered equivalent to whitespace. However FF (0C) is commonly accepted in some applications interpreting plain-text documents as an additional ignorable whitespace at the beginning of lines, to mark the position of an explicit page break when printing. However, some encodings allow using BS (08) to create additional characters by emulating the superposition of multiple characters on printing devices. Some ISO standards assign specific functions to some controls (for example in ISO 2022) where SO (0E), SI (0F), DLE (10), ESC (1B) and SS2 (8E) are used to control the encoding of characters after them or to switch between multiple encodings. The NUL character (00) is commonly used as a string terminator in some programming languages, or as a filler in database records that must be ignored and is not part of the encoded text. STX (02) and ETX (03) are commonly used for delimiting frames in some transmission protocols. SUB (1A) is also commonly used as a replacement character to mark errors detected in input transmission streams, and it may be rendered graphically. DC1 (11) and DC3 (13) are commonly used in the XON/XOFF protocol for controlling the transmission speed. Finally, EM (19) or EOT (04) may be used as an end-of-file marker in some text file formats. == The ISO-8859-1/Windows-1252 mixup == It is very common to mislabel text data with the charset label ISO-8859-1, even though the data are really [[Windows-1252]] encoded. In Windows-1252, codes between 0x80 and 0x9F are used for letters and punctuation, whereas they are control codes in ISO-8859-1. Many web browsers and e-mail clients will interpret ISO-8859-1 control codes as Windows-1252 characters in order to accommodate such mislabeling but it is not a standard behaviour and care should be taken to avoid generating these characters in ISO-8859-1 labeled content. == Similar character sets == {{main|Western Latin character sets (computing)}} The [[Apple Macintosh]] computer introduced a character encoding called Mac Roman, or [[Mac-Roman]], in [[1984]]. It was meant to be suitable for Western European [[desktop publishing]]. It is a superset of [[ASCII]], like ISO-8859-1, and has most of the characters that are in ISO-8859-1 but in a totally different arrangement. A later version, registered with IANA as "Macintosh", replaced the [[Currency (typography)|generic currency sign]] ¤ with the [[euro sign]] €. The few printable characters that are in ISO 8859-1 but not in this set are often a source of trouble when editing text on websites using older Macintosh browsers (including the last version of [[Internet Explorer for Mac]]). However the extra characters that Windows-1252 has in the C1 codepoint range are all supported in MacRoman and except for the few missing ISO-8859-1 characters a Macintosh can send/receive files (and email) that are encoded/marked as ISO-8859-1 (with the C1 Control Characters) and Windows-1252 by remapping the glyph's codepoint numbers. DOS had [[code page 850]], which had all printable characters that ISO-8859-1 had (albeit in a totally different arrangement) plus the most widely used [[graphics character]]s from [[code page 437]]. ==See also== *[[Latin characters in Unicode]] == External links == *[http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=28245&ICS1=35&ICS2=40&ICS3= ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998] *[http://anubis.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG3/docs/n411.pdf ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998] - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets, Part 1: Latin alphabet No. 1 ''(draft dated February 12, 1998, published April 15, 1998)'' *[http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-094.htm Standard ECMA-94]: 8-Bit Single Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets - Latin Alphabets No. 1 to No. 4 ''2nd edition (June 1986)'' *[http://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/ISO-IR/100.pdf ISO-IR 100] Right-Hand Part of Latin Alphabet No.1 ''(February 1, 1986)'' *[http://www.microsoft.com/globaldev/reference/iso.mspx Windows Code pages] *[http://www.alanwood.net/demos/charsetdiffs.html Differences between ANSI, ISO-8859-1 and MacRoman Character Sets] *[http://www.eki.ee/letter/ The Letter Database] *[http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso8859.html The ISO 8859 Alphabet Soup] - Roman Czyborra's summary of ISO character sets {{character encoding}} [[Category:ISO 8859|ISO 8859-01]] [[Category:IEC standards]] [[cs:ISO 8859-1]] [[da:ISO 8859-1]] [[de:ISO 8859-1]] [[es:ISO 8859-1]] [[eo:ISO 8859-1]] [[fr:ISO 8859-1]] [[nl:ISO 8859-1]] [[ja:ISO/IEC 8859-1]] [[no:ISO 8859-1]] [[nn:ISO 8859-1]] [[pl:ISO 8859-1]] [[pt:ISO 8859-1]] [[ru:ISO 8859-1]] [[fi:ISO 8859-1]] [[sv:ISO/IEC 8859-1]] [[tt:ISO 8859-1]] [[zh:ISO/IEC 8859-1]]