Impaired glucose tolerance
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2008-07-15T17:14:51Z
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robot Modifying: [[ar:اختلال تحمل الجلوكوز]]
{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
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ICD10 = {{ICD10|R|73|0|r|70}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|271.3}}, {{ICD9|790.22}} |
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OMIM = |
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eMedicineSubj = |
eMedicineTopic = |
MeshID = D018149 |
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'''Impaired Glucose Tolerance''' (IGT) is a pre-[[diabetic]] state of dysglycemia, that is associated with [[insulin resistance]] and increased risk of cardiovascular pathology. IGT may precede [[type 2 diabetes mellitus]] by many years. IGT is also a risk factor for mortality.<ref name="pmid17576864">{{cite journal |author=Barr EL, Zimmet PZ, Welborn TA, ''et al'' |title=Risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) |journal=Circulation |volume=116 |issue=2 |pages=151–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17576864 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.685628}}</ref>
===Criteria===
{{Diabetes}}
According to the criteria of the [[World Health Organization]] and the [[American Diabetes Association]], impaired glucose tolerance is defined as<ref name="who-99">.{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/diabetes/publications/en/ |author=World Health Organization|title=Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications: Report of a WHO Consultation. Part 1. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus |accessdate=2007-05-29 |format= |work=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15618111">{{cite journal |author= |title=Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=28 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S37–42 |year=2005 |pmid=15618111 |doi=}}</ref>:
* two-hour glucose levels of 140 to 199 mg per dL (7.8 to 11.0 mmol) on the 75-g [[oral glucose tolerance test]]. A patient is said to be under the condition of IGT when he/she has an intermediately raised [[glucose]] level after 2 hours, but less than would qualify for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The [[fasting]] glucose may be either normal or mildly elevated.
From 10 to 15 percent of adults in the United States have one of these conditions.<ref name="Shobha">{{cite journal | author=Shobha S. Rao, Phillip Disraeli, Tamara McGregor | title=Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impaired Fasting Glucose | journal=[[American Family Physician]] | month=15 April | year=2004 | volume=69 | issue=8 | pages=1961 | url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040415/1961.html}}</ref>
===Treatment===
{{main|Diabetes_mellitus_type_2#Screening_and_prevention}}
The risk of progression to diabetes and development of cardiovascular disease is greater than for [[Impaired fasting glycaemia]].{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
Although some drugs can delay the onset of diabetes, lifestyle modifications play a greater role in the prevention of the disease.<ref name="Shobha">{{cite journal | author=Shobha S. Rao, Phillip Disraeli, Tamara McGregor | title=Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impaired Fasting Glucose | journal=[[American Family Physician]] | month=15 April | year=2004 | volume=69 | issue=8 | pages=1961 | url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040415/1961.html}}</ref> Patients identified as having an IGT should exercise regularly and Limit [[sugar]] intake.
[[Carnitine]] has been shown to improve glucose uptake, regulation, and oxidation, though temporarily (i.e. only when levels are sustained in the blood).
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite journal | author=Melanie J Davies, I Peter Gray | title=Impaired glucose tolerance | journal=[[British Medical Journal]] | month=3 February | year=1996 | volume=312 | issue= | pages=264–265 | url=http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/312/7026/264 | pmid=8611769}} - Editorial review
* {{cite web
|url = http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/553218_print
|title = Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Implications for Care
|accessdate = July 22
|accessdaymonth =
|accessmonthday =
|accessyear = 2007
|author =
|last =
|first =
|authorlink =
|coauthors = David M. Nathan, MD; Mayer B. Davidson, MD; Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD; Robert J. Heine, MD, PHD, FRCP; Robert R. Henry, MD; Richard Pratley, MD; Bernard Zinman, MD
|date = 13
|year = 2007
|month = March
|format =
|work = Diabetes Care 2007;30(3):753-759
|publisher = American Diabetes Association, Inc.
|pages =
|language = English
|doi =
|archiveurl =
|archivedate =
|quote =
}}
==See also==
* [[Impaired fasting glycaemia]]
* [[Glucose tolerance test]]
{{Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings}}
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[ar:اختلال تحمل الجلوكوز]]
[[zh:葡萄糖耐量异常]]