Indianapolis, Indiana
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{{Redirect|Indianapolis}}
{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = City of Indianapolis
|image_skyline = Downtown_indy_from_parking_garage_zoom.JPG
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname = Indy, The Circle City, The Crossroads of America, The Racing Capital of the World, Amateur Sports Capital of the World, Railroad City, Naptown
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag = Flag of Indianapolis.svg
|image_seal = Indianapolis_Seal.png
|image_map = Marion_County_Indiana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Indianapolis_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250x200px
|map_caption = Location in the state of [[Indiana]]
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Indiana]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Indiana|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Marion County, Indiana|Marion]]
|government_type = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-Council]]
|leader_title = [[List of mayors of Indianapolis, Indiana|Mayor]]
|leader_name = [[Gregory A. Ballard|Greg Ballard]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])
|leader_title1 = Governing body
|leader_name1 = [[Indianapolis City-County Council|City Council]]
|established_title = Founded
|established_date = 1821
|area_note =
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_total_sq_mi = 372
|area_total_km2 = 963.5
|area_land_sq_mi = 365.1
|area_land_km2 = 945.6
|area_water_sq_mi = 6.9
|area_water_km2 = 17.9
|population_urban = 1,219,000
|population_as_of = 2007
|population_metro = 2,014,267 (2006 CSA est.)
|population_total = 795,458 ([[List of United States cities by population|13th]])
|population_density_sq_mi = 2,152
|population_density_km2 = 837
|population_footnotes = <ref name="06EST">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/2007/cb07-91table1.pdf|title=Population Estimates for the 25 Largest U.S. Cities based on July 1, 2006 Population Estimates|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=2007-06-28|format=PDF}}</ref>
|elevation_m = 218
|elevation_ft = 715
|timezone = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code =
|area_code = [[Area code 317|317]]
|latd = 39 |latm = 46 |lats = 5.88 |latNS = N
|longd = 86 |longm = 9 |longs = 29.52 |longEW = W
|website = [http://www.indygov.org/ www.indygov.org]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 18-36003{{GR|2}}
|blank1_name =
|blank1_info =
|footnotes =
|}}
'''Indianapolis''' ({{pronEng|ˌɪndiəˈnæpəl<s>ɪ</s>s}}) is the [[capital]] city of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Indiana]], and the [[county seat]] of [[Marion County, Indiana]]. The [[United States Census, 2000|2000 Census]] counted the city's population ([[Indianapolis (balance), Indiana|excluding included towns]]) at 781,870. It is Indiana's most populous city and is the [[List of United States cities by population|13th largest city in the U.S.]], the third largest city in the [[Midwest]], and the second most populous state capital (behind [[Phoenix, Arizona]]).
Like many other [[Rust Belt]] cities, Indianapolis has diversified its economic base in order to avoid relying solely on manufacturing. A large part of this diversification includes the hosting of events, especially sporting events. The labels of ''The Amateur Sports Capital of the World'', and ''The Racing Capital of the World'', have both been applied to Indianapolis.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.indychamber.com/sportsrec.asp | title = About Indianapolis, Sports and Recreation | publisher = Greater Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce | date = 2008-06-11 | accessdate = 2008-06-11}}</ref> The city has hosted the [[1987 Pan American Games]], both [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|Men's]] and [[NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship|Women's]] [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] Basketball Tournaments, the [[Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Tournament]], the [[Allstate 400 at the Brickyard]], the [[US Grand Prix|United States Grand Prix]] (2000-2007), the 2002 [[World Basketball Championship]], will host [[Super Bowl XLVI]] in February of 2012, and is perhaps most famous for the annual [[Indianapolis 500]], known as the "Greatest Spectacle in Racing." The attendance at the Indianapolis 500 and the Allstate 400 makes them the two largest single day sporting events in the world, with well over 250,000 fans in attendance at each. The city is second only to [[Washington, D.C.]], for number of monuments inside city limits.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080605/NEWS/80605055 | title = Marine training in Indy stirs concerns | publisher = [[Indianapolis Star]]| date = 2008-06-03 | accessdate = 2008-06-05}}</ref> There have been two [[United States Navy]] vessels named after Indianapolis, including the [[USS Indianapolis (CA-35)]] which suffered the worst single at-sea loss of life in the history of the U.S. Navy.
The [[Indianapolis-Carmel, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area|Indianapolis metropolitan area]] has seen modest and steady growth among U.S. cities.<ref name="PopGrowth">{{cite web | url = http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/Estimates%20pages_final.html | title = U.S. Census Figures | publisher = [[United States Census]]| date = 2006 | accessdate = 2008-01-16}}</ref>, with growth centered in the surrounding counties of [[Hamilton County, Indiana|Hamilton]], [[Hendricks County, Indiana|Hendricks]], and [[Johnson County, Indiana|Johnson]]. Hamilton and Hendricks Counties are currently the fastest growing counties in Indiana and in the Midwest, although the state as a whole is only showing modest growth.<ref>[http://www.epodunk.com/top10/countyPop/coPop15.html Counties in Indiana]</ref> Currently, the population of the [[combined statistical area]] stands at 2,014,267, making it the 23rd-largest [[combined statistical area|CSA]] in the U.S.
==History==
{{details|History of Indianapolis}}
Indianapolis was selected as the site of the new state capital in 1820. Jeremiah Sullivan, a judge of the [[Supreme Court of Indiana|Indiana Supreme Court]], invented the name ''Indianapolis'' by joining ''Indiana'' with ''polis'', the Greek word for ''city''; literally, Indianapolis means "''Indiana City''". The city was founded on the [[White River (Indiana)|White River]] under the incorrect assumption that the river would serve as a major transportation artery; however, the waterway was too sandy for trade. The capital moved from [[Corydon, Indiana|Corydon]] on January 10, 1825 and the state commissioned [[Alexander Ralston]] to design the new capital city. Ralston was an apprentice to the French architect [[Pierre L'Enfant]], and he helped L'Enfant plan [[Washington, DC]]. Ralston's original plan for Indianapolis called for a city of only one square mile (3 km²). At the center of the city sat Governor's Circle, a large circular commons, which was to be the site of the governor's mansion. Meridian and Market Streets converge at the Circle and continue north and south and east and west, respectively. The governor's mansion was eventually demolished in 1857 and in its place stands a {{convert|284|ft|m|0|sing=on}} tall neoclassical limestone and bronze monument, the Indiana [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]]. The surrounding street is now known as [[Monument Circle]].
The city lies on the original east-west [[Cumberland Road|National Road]]. The first railroad to service Indianapolis, the [[Madison & Indianapolis]], began operation on [[October 1]], [[1847]], and subsequent railroad connections made expansive growth possible. Indianapolis was the home of the first [[Union Station (Indianapolis)|Union Station]], or common rail passenger terminal, in the United States. By the turn of the century, Indianapolis had become a heavy [[automobile]] manufacturer, rivaling the likes of [[Detroit]]. With roads leading out of the city in all directions, Indianapolis became a major hub of regional transport connecting to [[Chicago]], [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]], [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]], [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]], [[Detroit]], [[Cleveland]] and [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], befitting the capital of a state whose motto is "The [[Crossroads of America]]." This same network of roads would allow quick and easy access to suburban areas in future years. [[Natural gas]] and [[crude oil|oil]] deposits in the surrounding area in the late 19th century helped the economy of Indianapolis prosper. City population grew rapidly throughout the first half of the 20th century. While rapid suburbanization began to take place in the second half of the century, racial relations deteriorated. Even so, on the night that the [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.]] was assassinated, Indianapolis was the only major city in which rioting did not occur{{Fact|date=June 2008}}. Many credit a [[Robert F. Kennedy's speech on the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.|speech]] by [[Robert F. Kennedy]], who was in town campaigning for [[President of the United States|President]] that night, for helping to calm the tensions. Racial tensions heightened in 1970 with the passage of [[Unigov]], which further isolated the middle class from Indianapolis' growing African American community. Court-ordered school desegregation busing by Judge S. Hugh Dillon was also a controversial change.
[[Image:Soldiers Sailors Mon IN 1898.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]] in 1898.]]
In the 1970s and 1980s Indianapolis suffered at the hands of [[urban decay]] and [[white flight]]. Major revitalization of the city's blighted areas, such as [[Fall Creek Place]], and especially the [[Downtown Indianapolis|downtown]], occurred in the 1990s and led to an acceleration of growth on the fringes of the Indianapolis Metropolitan Area. The city's relative flat terrain allows for easy access to areas in and around the city.
The opening of [[Circle Centre|Circle Centre Mall]] in downtown Indianapolis signaled that revitalization continued. Currently the city is experiencing growth in the hospitality industry with the [[Indiana Convention Center|Convention Center]] expansion and the construction of [[Lucas Oil Stadium]]. A new [[Conrad Hotels|Conrad Hotel]] has been constructed in order to add more hotel rooms. This adds to the growing list of downtown accommodations and restaurants. [[Indianapolis International Airport]] is currently building a new midfield airport terminal. Both the stadium and airport are expected to open late in 2008 with the hotel and convention center sometime in 2010.<ref name="Growth">{{cite web | url = http://www.wishtv.com/global/story.asp?s=6707164 | title = Indiana Convention Center Expansion Revealed | publisher = [[WISH-TV]]| date = 2007-06-25 | accessdate = 2008-01-16}}</ref>
==Geography and climate==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], "the balance" (that part of Marion County not part of another municipality) has a total area of 368.2 square miles (953.5 km²)—361.5 square miles (936.2 km²) of it is land and 6.7 square miles (17.3 km²) of it is water. The total area is 1.81% water. These figures do not, however, represent the entire Consolidated City of Indianapolis (all of Marion County, except the four excluded communities). The total area of the Consolidated City of Indianapolis, not including the four excluded communities, covers approximately 373.1 square miles (966.3 km²).
At the center of Indianapolis is the One-Mile Square, bounded by four appropriately-named streets: East, West, North, and South Streets. Nearly all of the streets in the Mile Square are named after U.S. states. The exceptions are Meridian Street, which numerically divides west from east; Market Street, which intersects Meridian Street at Monument Circle; Capitol and Senate Avenues, where many of the Indiana state government buildings are located; and Washington Street, which was named after President [[George Washington]]. The street-numbering system centers not on the Circle, but rather one block to the south, where Meridian Street intersects Washington Street — [[National Road]].
Indianapolis is situated in the [[Central Till Plains]] region of the United States. Two natural waterways dissect the city: the [[White River (Indiana)|White River]], and Fall Creek.
Physically, Indianapolis is similar to many other Midwestern cities. A mix of [[deciduous]] forests and [[prairie]] covered much of what is considered Indianapolis prior to the 19th century. Land within the city limits varies from flat to gently sloping; most of the changes in elevation are so gradual that they go unnoticed, and appears to be flat from close distances. The mean [[elevation]] for Indianapolis is {{convert|717|ft|m|0}}. The highest point in Indianapolis lies at Crown Hill Cemetery atop Strawberry Hill (the tomb of famed [[Hoosier]] writer [[James Whitcomb Riley]]) with an elevation of {{convert|842|ft|m|0}}, and the lowest point in Indianapolis lies at the Marion County/[[Johnson County, Indiana|Johnson County]] line, with an elevation of about {{convert|680|ft|m|0}}. The highest hill in Indianapolis is Mann Hill, a bluff located along the White River in Southwestway Park that rises about {{convert|150|ft|m|0}} above the surrounding land. Variations in elevation from 700-900 feet occur throughout the city limits. There are a few moderately-sized [[Hill|bluffs]] and [[valley]]s in the city, particularly along the shores of the White River, Fall Creek, Geist Reservoir, and Eagle Creek Reservoir, and especially on the city's northeast and northwest sides.
Indianapolis has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Koppen climate classification]] ''Dfa''). Like most cities in the Midwest, it has four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid, with high temperatures approaching 90 °F (32 °C), with some days approaching or exceeding 100 °F (38 °C). Spring and autumn are usually pleasant, with temperatures reaching around 65 °F (18 °C). Spring, however, is much less predictable than autumn; midday temperature drops exceeding 30 °F (17 °C) are common during March and April, and instances of very warm days (86 °F; 30 °C) followed within 36 hours by snowfall not unheard of during these months. Winters are cool to cold, with daily highs barely inching above freezing. Temperatures occasionally fall below 0 °F (-18 °C). The rainiest months are in the spring and summer, with average rainfalls of over four inches (102 mm) per month, but these averages fluctuate only slightly throughout the year.
The city's average annual precipitation is 41 inches (1,040 mm).
The average July high is 85.6 °F (29.8 °C), with the low being 65.2 °F (18.4 °C). January highs average 34.5 °F (1.4 °C), and lows 18.5 °F (-7.5 °C). The record high for Indianapolis is 107 °F (42 °C), on July 25th, 1954. The record low is -27 °F (-33 °C), on January 19th, 1994. Average annual snowfall is {{convert|27|in|cm}} <ref>[http://www.crh.noaa.gov/ind/print_localdata.php?loc=txtdat&data=climatenormals.txt NWS Indianapolis, IN<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.
{| align="center" class="wikitable"
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color: #000080; font-size: 90%" height="17" | Month<ref>[http://www.crh.noaa.gov/ind/local_cli.php&refer= Indianapolis, Indiana: Averages]. ''National Weather Service''.</ref>
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Jan
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Feb
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Mar
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Apr
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | May
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Jun
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Jul
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Aug
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Sep
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Oct
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Nov
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Dec
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Year
|-
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" | Avg high °F (°C)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 35 (2)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 40 (5)
| style="background: #FEE040; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 51 (11)
| style="background: #FEE040; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 63 (17)
| style="background: #FEE040; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 74 (23)
| style="background: #FB9B13; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 82 (28)
| style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 86 (30)
| style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 84 (29)
| style="background: #FB9B13; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 77 (25)
| style="background: #FEE040; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 66 (19)
| style="background: #FEE040; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 52 (11)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 39 (5)
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000; font-size: 90%" | 62 (17)
|-
! style="background: #EFEFEF; color:#000080; font-size: 90%" height="16;" | Avg low °F (°C)
| style="background: #FAFFE0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 19 (−7)
| style="background: #FAFFE0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 23 (−5)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 32 (0)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 41 (5)
| style="background: #FEE040; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 52 (11)
| style="background: #FEE040; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 61 (16)
| style="background: #FEE040; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 65 (18)
| style="background: #FEE040; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 63 (17)
| style="background: #FEE040; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 55 (13)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 44 (7)
| style="background: #F4FFC0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 34 (2)
| style="background: #FAFFE0; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 24 (−4)
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black; font-size: 90%" | 43 (7)
|}
==Cityscape==
{{details|List of tallest buildings in Indianapolis}}
High rise construction in Indianapolis started in 1888 when the [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]] was completed. The {{convert|284|ft|m|0|sing=on}} tall monument sits at the center of Indianapolis and until 1962 was still the tallest structure in the city.
In the 1970s the city center, like many other '[[Rust Belt]]' cities of the United States, saw decreased economic activity, racial tension, and white flight to gentrified suburbs. As a result, downtown Indianapolis saw little new construction. The city of Indianapolis dealt with these issues by developing plans, in the 1980s, to redefine the city's downtown. Neighborhoods in the downtown area were designated in relation to their proximity to the city center, and plans were initiated for them to be redeveloped. A series of modern [[skyscrapers]] were constructed, including what is currently the tallest building in the state; the newly renamed [[Chase Tower (Indianapolis)|Chase Tower]]. The third tallest building in the city, One Indiana Square, is going through an exterior make over after being damaged by high winds in April 2006.<ref>[http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1indianasquare-indianapolis-in-usa Indianapolis Building Makeover]</ref>
===Neighborhoods===
[[Image:Indianapolis1910s.jpg|thumb|right|Indianapolis in the 1910s]]
{{main|List of Indianapolis neighborhoods}}
{{see also|Indianapolis Cultural Districts}}
Indianapolis has several distinct neighborhoods and cultural districts throughout the city.
*[http://www.discoverculturaldistricts.com/home.htm Indianapolis Cultural Districts]
==Demographics==
{{USCensusPop
| 1840= 2692
| 1860= 18611
| 1880= 75056
| 1900= 169164
| 1920= 314194
| 1940= 386972
| 1960= 476258
| 1970= 744624
| 1980= 700807
| 1990= 731327
| 2000= 781870
| estimate=785597
| estyear=2006
| estref=<ref name=CensusEst>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=Search&geo_id=16000US3651000&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US36%7C16000US3651000&_street=&_county=Indianapolis&_cityTown=Indianapolis&_state=04000US18&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null®=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry=Census Data for Indianapolis, Indiana], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed [[September 17]], [[2007]].</ref>}}
The 2006 Census estimate for Indianapolis, Balance (an unofficial area which is only a portion of the Consolidated City of Indianapolis) is 785,597. (The population of the full Consolidated City of Indianapolis contains approximately another 9,974 people--derived by adding the 2006 Census estimates for areas left out of Indianapolis, Balance and using 2000 Census data for a portion of [[Cumberland, Indiana]] included in Consolidated City of Indianapolis).
[[Indianapolis Metropolitan Area|Greater Indianapolis]] is a rapidly growing region located at the center of Indiana and consists of [[Marion County, Indiana]] and several adjacent counties. The [[Combined Statistical Area]] (CSA) of Indianapolis will likely exceed 2 million people in the 2007 estimate, ranking 23rd in the [[United States]] and 7th in the Midwest. As a unified labor and media market, the Indianapolis [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]] (MSA) had a 2006 population of 1.66 million people, ranking 33rd in the United States. Indianapolis is the 7th largest MSA in the Midwest.
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 791,926 people, 320,107 households, and 192,704 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 2,163.0 people per square mile (835.1/km²). There were 352,429 housing units at an average density of 975.0 per square mile (376.4/km²). The racial makeup of the balance was 69.1% [[European American|white]], 25.50% [[Race (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.25% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.43% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.04% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 2.04% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.64% from two or more races. 3.92% of the population are [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race. The top 5 largest ancestries include: [[German American|German]] (16.6%), [[Irish American|Irish]] (10.2%), [[United States|American]] (9.3%), [[English American|English]](7.7%), and [[Italian American|Italian]] (2.2%)<ref>[http://www.city-data.com/city/Indianapolis-Indiana.html Indianapolis, Indiana (IN) Detailed Profile - relocation, real estate, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, news, sex offenders<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.
From 2000 to 2004, the Hispanic population in Indianapolis increased by 43%.<ref name="IndyCham">{{cite web | url = http://www.indychamber.com/mmm/articles/04-03-06.html | title = New face for business growth in Indy: Hispanic Business Council at forefront with its first meeting | publisher = [[Indianapolis Star]]| date = 2006-04-03 | accessdate = 2007-12-22}}</ref>The majority of the non-white population lives in the central and north portions of the inner-city area. Indianapolis has over 6000 immigrants from the former [[Yugoslavia]]{{Fact|date=June 2007}}.
The median income for a household in the balance is $41,964, and the median income for a family is $48,755. Males have a median income of $36,302 versus $27,738 for females. The [[per capita income]] is $21,640.<ref name="MetroState">{{cite web | url = http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060830/NEWS01/608300462/0/SPORTS0610 | title = Metro and State | publisher = [[Indianapolis Star]]| date = 2007-12-22 | accessdate = 2007-12-22}}</ref> 14.8% of the population lives below the [[poverty line]]. Out of the total population, 16.2% of those under the age of 18 and 8.1% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
There are 320,107 households out of which 29.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% are [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 15.1% have a female householder with no husband present, and 39.8% are non-families. 32.0% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.39 and the average family size is 3.04.
The age distribution is: 25.7% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 34 years. For every 100 females there are 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.2 males.
==Law and government==
{{main|Government of Indianapolis}}
[[Image:Indiana State House 2.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Indiana Statehouse|Indiana State Capitol]] in Indianapolis.]]
Indianapolis has a [[consolidated city-county]] government known as [[Unigov]]. Under this system, many functions of the city and county governments are consolidated, though some remain separate. The city has a [[mayor-council]] form of government.
====Mayor====
The executive branch is headed by an elected mayor, who serves as the chief executive of both the city and Marion County. The current [[List of mayors of Indianapolis|Mayor of Indianapolis]] is [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Gregory A. Ballard|Greg Ballard]]. The mayor appoints city department heads and members of various boards and commissions.
====City-County Council====
{{details|Indianapolis City-County Council}}
The legislative body for the city and county is the [[Indianapolis City-County Council|City-County Council]]. It is made up of 29 members, 25 of whom represent districts, with the remaining four elected at large. As of 2008, Republicans hold a 16-13 majority. The council passes ordinances for the city and county, and also makes appointments to certain boards and commissions.
====Courts====
All of the courts of law in Indianapolis are part of the Indiana state court system. The Marion Superior Court is the [[court of general jurisdiction]]. The 35 judges on the court hear all criminal, juvenile, probate, and traffic violation cases, as well as most civil cases. The Marion Circuit Court hears certain types of civil cases. Small claims cases are heard by Small Claims Courts in each of Marion County's nine townships. Also, the Appeals Courts and the Supreme Court for the state of Indiana are held in the statehouse.
===Fire protection===
Historically there was a fire department maintained by each suburban township, which provided service to the areas of the townships outside of the pre-Unigov city limits and the corporate limits of the excluded cities. In January 2007, by a resolution jointly passed by the Washington Township Board and by the Indianapolis City-County Council, the Washington Township Fire Department was merged into the City of Indianapolis Fire Department. In July 2007, by a similar resolution between the City-County Council and the Warren Township Board, the Warren Township Fire Department was also merged into the city fire department. All of the career [[fire-fighting]] personnel and emergency medical services personnel were absorbed into the city department.
===Law enforcement===
Indianapolis and [[Marion County, Indiana|Marion County]] historically maintained separate police agencies: the Indianapolis Police Department and Marion County Sheriff's Department. On January 1, 2007, a new agency, the [[Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department]], was formed by merging the two departments. [[Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department|IMPD]] is a separate agency, as the Sheriff's Department maintains jail and court functions. IMPD has jurisdiction over those portions of Marion County not explicitly covered by the police of an excluded city or by a legacy pre-[[Unigov]] force. As of February 29, 2008, the IMPD is headed by a Public Safety Director appointed by the Mayor of Indianapolis; the Public Safety Director appoints the Police Chief. The IMPD was formerly under the leadership of the Sheriff of Marion County, [[Frank J. Anderson]]. The Sheriff remains in charge of the County Jail and security for the City-County Building, service of warrants, and certain other functions. The Sheriff must be consulted, but does not have final say, on the appointment of the Public Safety Director and the Police Chief. <ref>{{cite web | title=Council vote gives Ballard IMPD control | publisher=Indianapolis Star | url=http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2008302120002 | date = 2008-04-03 | accessdate = 2008-02-15}}</ref>.
====Crime====
For the past decade, crime rates within the Indianapolis city limits have fluctuated greatly. In the late 1990s, violent crimes in inner-city neighborhoods located within the old city limits (pre-consolidation) peaked. The former Indianapolis Police District (IPD), which serves about 37% of the county's total population and has a geographic area covering mostly the old pre-consolidation city limits, recorded 130 homicides in 1998 to average approximately 40.3 homicides per 100,000 people. This is over 6 times the 1998 national homicide average of 6.3 per 100,000 people. Meanwhile, the former Marion County Sheriff's Department district serving the remaining 63% of the county's population, which includes the majority of the residents in the Consolidated City, recorded only 32 homicides in 1998, averaging about 5.9 murders per 100,000 people, slightly less than the 1998 national homicide average. Homicides in the IPD police district dropped dramatically in 1999 and have remained lower through 2005. In 2005, the IPD police district recorded 88 homicides to average 27.3 homicides per 100,000 people; nonetheless, the murder rate in the IPD is still almost 5 times the 2005 national average.
When considering the total Consolidated City of Indianapolis, the overall crime rate has historically been low compared to the national average. Nonetheless, crime in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods remains a problem. Areas of Indianapolis that were unincorporated or separate municipalities before the 1970 city-county consolidation generally have significantly lower crime rates although their aggregate population is higher than the old pre-consolidation Indianapolis city limits. Thus, crime figures for the Consolidated City and the entire Marion County average out to a low rate. However, according to FBI reports in 2006, for the first half of the year, Indianapolis saw one of the larger increases in homicides in the country for the first half of 2006 as compared to the same time period in 2005.<ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/prelim06/t4il_mo.htm Table 4, Illinois-Missouri<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Overall violent crime in Indianapolis increased 8% for the first half of 2006 compared to the first half of 2005. <ref>http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061219/LOCAL/612190411/-1/ZONES04</ref> While Marion County has still not surpassed its record homicide number of 162 set in 1998, it is on pace to see one of the highest numbers of homicides since then, with 153 committed in 2006<ref>[http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061231/LOCAL/612310441 No comfort zone | IndyStar.com | The Indianapolis Star<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> as the year draws to a close. In one 2006 event, seven individuals from the same family were murdered in their home. In 2007, city leaders such as Sheriff [[Frank J. Anderson]] and former Mayor [[Bart Peterson]] held rallies in neighborhoods in effort to stop the violence in the city.
The immediate downtown area of the city around most main attractions, venues, and museums remain relatively safe. IMPD uses horseback officers and bicycle officers to patrol the downtown area or the city. Certain areas of Indianapolis, most notably portions of the city's East Side, remain a challenge for law enforcement officials.
===Politics===
Until the late 1990s, Indianapolis was considered to be one of the most [[Conservatism|conservative]] metropolitan areas in the country but this trend is reversing. [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]s had held the majority in the [[Indianapolis City-County Council|City-County Council]] for 36 years, and the city had a Republican mayor for 32 years from 1967 to 1999. This was in part because the creation of Unigov added several then-heavily Republican areas of Marion County to the Indianapolis city limits. More recently, Republicans have generally been stronger in the southern and western parts ([[Decatur Township, Marion County, Indiana|Decatur]], [[Franklin Township, Marion County, Indiana|Franklin]], [[Perry Township, Marion County, Indiana|Perry]], and [[Wayne Township, Marion County, Indiana|Wayne]], townships) of the county while Democrats have been stronger in the central and northern parts ([[Center Township, Marion County, Indiana|Center]], [[Pike Township, Marion County, Indiana|Pike]], and [[Washington Township, Marion County, Indiana|Washington]] townships). Republican and Democrat strength is split in [[Warren Township, Marion County, Indiana|Warren]] and [[Lawrence Township, Marion County, Indiana|Lawrence]] townships.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080315/NEWS05/803150480&GID=nIq1uOP+A3cbqZSZNGuHlLASClyMUoB2zZgnAmgB4lo%3D | title = Voter turnout a key factor in Carson win | publisher = Indianapolis Star | date = 2008-03-15 | accessdate = 2008-03-15}}</ref>
In the 1999 municipal election, [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Bart Peterson]] defeated Indiana Secretary of State Sue Anne Gilroy by 52 percent to 41 percent. Four years later, Peterson was re-elected with 63 percent of the vote. Republicans narrowly lost control of the City-County Council that year. In 2004, Democrats won the Marion County offices of treasurer, surveyor and coroner. The county GOP lost further ground during the 2006 elections with Democrats winning the offices of county clerk, assessor, recorder and auditor. Only one GOP countywide office remained: Prosecutor Carl Brizzi, who defeated Democratic challenger Melina Kennedy with 51 percent of the vote in his bid for a second term, despite outspending her two-to-one. At the township level, Democrats picked up the trustee offices in Washington, Lawrence, Warren and Wayne townships, while holding on to Pike and Center townships.
In the 2007 municipal election, fueled by voter angst against increases in property and income taxes as well as a rise in crime, Republican challenger [[Gregory A. Ballard|Greg Ballard]] narrowly defeated Peterson, 51 percent to 47 percent -- the first time an incumbent Indianapolis mayor was removed from office since 1967. Discontent among these issues also returned control of the City-County Council to the GOP with a 16-13 majority. <ref> [http://imcwwa2k3.indygov.org/elecnight/2007gen/ City-County Council Party Switch] </ref>
[[John Kerry]] defeated [[George W. Bush]] in the [[United States presidential election, 2004|2004 presidential election]] by roughly 6,000 votes in Marion County, 51 percent to 49 percent.<ref>[http://www2.indygov.org/elections/Gen2004/SummaryReport.html 2004 Presidential Election in Indianapolis]</ref> It was the first time a Democratic presidential candidate had carried Marion County since 1964.
Most of Indianapolis is within the [[Indiana's 7th congressional district|7th Congressional District of Indiana]], represented by Democrat [[André Carson]]. He is the grandson of the district's previous representative, [[Julia Carson]] who held the seat from 1997 until her death on December 15, 2007.<ref>[http://www.wishtv.com/global/story.asp?s=7501126 Rep. Julia Carson dies at age 69]</ref> The younger Carson, a former member of the City-County Council, won the seat in a [[Indiana's 7th congressional district special election, 2008|special election]] on [[March 11]], [[2008]]. The northeastern and southeastern portions of the city are in the [[Indiana's 5th congressional district|5th District]], represented by Republican [[Dan Burton]]. A portion of western Indianapolis is in the [[Indiana's 4th congressional district|4th District]], represented by Republican [[Steve Buyer]].
==Education==
{{main|List of schools in Indianapolis}}
{| border="1" align="right"
|
{|
|rowspan=11|[[Image:Indianapolis school districts.png]]
|bgcolor="#646840" width=10px|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Indianapolis Public Schools]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#c08c8c"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[School Town of Speedway]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#88d8b0"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Beech Grove City Schools]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#783890"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Pike Township|MSD Pike Township]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#7c74ac"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Washington Township|MSD Washington Township]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#dca050"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Lawrence Township|MSD Lawrence Township]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#e8d08c"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Warren Township|MSD Warren Township]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#707878"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Franklin Township Community School Corporation|Franklin Township CSC]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#5c806c"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Perry Township|MSD Perry Township]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#9cc460"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Decatur Township|MSD Decatur Township]]</small>
|-
|bgcolor="#95a065"|<small> </small>
|<small>[[Metropolitan School District of Wayne Township|MSD Wayne Township]]</small>
|-
|colspan=3 align=center|Indianapolis Public School Districts
|}
|}
===Higher education===
Indianapolis is the home of the following colleges and universities (in alphabetical order): [[Butler University]], [[Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis]] (IUPUI), [[Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana]], [[Marian College (Indiana)|Marian College]], [[Indiana Wesleyan University]], [[Martin University]], [[Oakland City University]] Indianapolis campus, [[The Art Institute of Indianapolis]], [[Brown Mackie College]],and the [[University of Indianapolis]].
[[Butler University]] was originally founded in 1855 as North Western Christian University. The school purchased land in the [[Irvington Historic District|Irvington]] area in 1875. The school moved again in 1928 to its current location in at the edge of [[Butler-Tarkington]]. The school removed itself officially from religious affiliation, giving up the theological school to [[Christian Theological Seminary]]. A private institution, Butler's current student enrollment is approximately 4,400.
[[IUPUI]] was originally an urban conglomeration of branch campuses of the two major state universities: [[Indiana University (Bloomington)|Indiana University]] in [[Bloomington, Indiana|Bloomington]] and [[Purdue University]] in [[West Lafayette, Indiana|West Lafayette]], created by the state legislature. In 1969 a merged campus was created at the site of the [[Indiana University School of Medicine]]. IUPUI's student body is currently just under 30,000, making it the third-largest institute of higher learning in Indiana. This campus is also home to [[Herron School of Art and Design]], which was established privately in 1902. A new building was built in 2005 under both private donation and state contribution enabling the school to move from its original location.
[[Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana]], a state funded public school, was founded as Indiana Vocational Technical College in 1963. With 23 campuses across Indiana, Ivy Tech has a total enrollment of just over 70,300, with just over 12,000 attending campuses in the Indianapolis area.
[[Marian College (Indiana)|Marian College]] was founded in 1936 when St. Francis Normal and Immaculate Conception Junior College merged. The college moved to Indianapolis in 1937. Marian is currently a private Catholic school and has an enrollment of approximately 1,800 students.
The [[University of Indianapolis]] is a private school affiliated with the [[United Methodist Church]]. Founded in 1902 as Indiana Central University, the school currently hosts almost 4,300 students.
[[Brown Mackie College]] is new to the area.
===Primary and secondary education===
Indianapolis has eleven unified public school districts (eight township educational authorities and three legacy districts from before the unification of city and county government) each of which provides primary, secondary, and adult education services within its boundaries. The boundaries of these districts do not exactly correspond to township (or traditional) boundaries, but rather cover the areas of their townships that were outside the pre-consolidation city limits. [[Indianapolis Public Schools]] served all of Indianapolis prior to 1970, when almost all of Marion County was incorporated, and is still the city's largest school corporation today.
===Libraries===
Public library services are provided to the citizens of Indianapolis and Marion County by the [[Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library]] (IMCPL). The educational and cultural institution, founded in 1873, now consists of a main library, Central Library, located in downtown Indianapolis and 22 branch locations spread throughout the city. Serving over 5.43 million visitors in 2006, IMCPL's mission is to provide "materials and programs in support of the lifelong learning, recreational and economic interests of all citizens of Marion County." A renovated Central Library building opened on December 9, 2007, ending a controversial multi-year rebuilding plan.<ref name=Library>[http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2007712220380 Storybook Ending?], [[Indianapolis Star]]. Accessed [[December 22]], [[2007]].</ref>
==Cultural features==
[[Image:IN Central Canal 1.JPG|thumb|left|The [[Indiana Central Canal|Central Canal]] in Indianapolis]]
Indianapolis prides itself on its rich cultural heritage. Several initiatives have been made by the Indianapolis government in recent years to increase Indianapolis's appeal as a destination for arts and culture.
===Cultural Districts===
{{details|Indianapolis Cultural Districts}}
Indianapolis has designated six official [[Indianapolis Cultural Districts|Cultural Districts]]. They are [[Broad Ripple|Broad Ripple Village]], [[Massachusetts Avenue, Indianapolis|Massachusetts Avenue]], Fountain Square, [[Wholesale District, Indianapolis|The Wholesale District]], [[Canal and White River State Park]], and [[Indiana Avenue]]. These areas have held historic and cultural importance to the city. In recent years they have been revitalized and are becoming major centers for tourism, commerce and residential living.
===Monument Circle===
At the center of Indianapolis is [[Monument Circle, Indianapolis|Monument Circle]], a [[traffic circle]] at the intersection of Meridian and Market Streets, featuring the [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]]. (Monument Circle is depicted on the city’s flag, and is generally considered the city’s symbol). Monument Circle is in the shadow of Indiana's tallest [[skyscraper]], the [[Chase Tower (Indianapolis)|Chase Tower]]. Until the early 1960s, Indianapolis zoning laws stated that no building could be taller than the Soldiers and Sailors Monument. Each Christmas season, local electricians string lights onto the monument. It is lit for the holiday season in a ceremony known as the "Circle of Lights," which attracts tens of thousands of Hoosiers to downtown Indianapolis on the day after [[Thanksgiving]].
[[Image:indywarmem.jpg|thumb|right|The War Memorial]]
===War Memorial Plaza===
{{Main|Indiana World War Memorial Plaza}}
A five-block plaza at the intersection of Meridian and Vermont surrounds a large memorial dedicated to Hoosiers who have fought in American wars. It was originally constructed to honor the Indiana soldiers who died in [[World War I]], but construction was halted due to lack of funding during the [[Great Depression]], and it was finished in 1951. The purpose of the memorial was later altered to encompass all American wars in which Hoosiers fought.
The monument is modeled after the [[Mausoleum of Maussollos]]. At 210 feet (64 m) tall it is approximately seventy-five feet taller than the original Mausoleum. The blue lights, which shine between columns on the side of the War Memorial, make the monument easy to spot. On the north end of the War Memorial Plaza is the national headquarters of the [[American Legion]] and the [[Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library|Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library's]] Central Library.
===Indiana Statehouse===
{{Details|Indiana Statehouse}}
The Statehouse houses the [[Indiana General Assembly]], the [[List of Governors of Indiana|Governor of Indiana]], state courts, and other state officials.
===Festivals, conventions, and organizations===
Beginning in 1999 the city became host to the annual Indy Jazz Festival. The festival is a three day event held in Military Park near the canal. Past stars include: [[B.B. King]], [[Aretha Franklin]], [[Bruce Hornsby]], [[Bela Fleck & The Flecktones]], [[Kool and the Gang]], [[Ray Charles]], [[The Temptations]], [[Dave Brubeck]], [[Emmylou Harris]], [[Chris Isaak]], [[Jonny Lang]], [[Norah Jones]] and regional and local favorites.
Every May Indianapolis holds the 500 Festival, a month of events culminating in the Indianapolis 500 Festival Parade the day before the running of the [[Indianapolis 500]]. The Festival was first held in 1957.
The [[Circle City Classic]] is one of America’s top historically [[African-American]] college football games. This annual football game, held during the first weekend of October, is the showcase event of an entire weekend. The weekend is a celebration of cultural excellence and educational achievement while showcasing the spirit, energy and tradition of America’s historically black colleges and universities.
In 2003, Indianapolis began hosting [[Gen Con]], the largest [[role-playing game]] convention in the nation (record attendance thus far being numbered in excess of 30,000), at the [[Indiana Convention Center]]. Future expansion of the convention space is expected by many to further increase attendance numbers in coming years. The convention center has also recently played host to such events as [[Star Wars Celebration]] II and ''III'', which brought in [[Star Wars]] fans from around the world, including [[George Lucas]]. From October 25 to 28, 2006, the convention center was home to the 79th national [[Future Farmers of America]] convention, bringing around 50,000 visitors in from around the country. It will also host it every year up to 2012.<ref>http://www.ffa.org/indymove/index.htm accessed on October 23, 2006</ref>
Indianapolis is also home to the [[Indiana State Fair]] as well as the [[Heartland Film Festival]], the [[Indianapolis International Film Festival]], the [[Indianapolis Theatre Fringe Festival]], the [[Indianapolis Alternative Media Festival]], the [[Midwest Music Summit]] and the [[Indianapolis LGBT Film Festival]].
Indianapolis is home to [[Bands of America|Bands of America (BOA)]], a nationwide organization of high school marching, concert, and jazz bands, and hosts several BOA events annually. Indianapolis is now also the international headquarters of [[Drum Corps International]], a professional drum and bugle corps association, and beginning in 2008 will host the DCI World Championships in the new [[Lucas Oil Stadium]].
Indianapolis has been the headquarters of the [[Kiwanis|Kiwanis International]] organization since 1982. The organization and its youth-sponsored Kiwanis Family counterparts, [[Circle K]] International and [[Key Club]] International, administer all their international business and service initiatives from Indianapolis.
The [http://www.in.gov/iwc/ Indy International Wine Competition], the largest U.S. wine competition outside of California, is held in Indianapolis every July at the Indiana State Fairgrounds.
The city has a vibrant arts community that includes many fairs celebrating a wide variety of arts and crafts during the summer months. They include the [http://www.indplsartcenter.org/register/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.display&page_id=38&CFID=1279609&CFTOKEN=da58a00aac594cd2-CF9D2A04-AB8B-5930-6EAE164AA4C5E696 Broad Ripple Art Fair],[http://www.herron-morton.org/artFair.html Talbot Street Art Fair], [http://www.carmelartsfestival.org/ Carmel Arts Festival] and the [http://www.penrod.org/artsfair.html Penrod Art Fair]
Indianapolis contains the national headquarters for twenty-six fraternities and sororities. Many are congregated in the [[College Park (Indianapolis)|College Park]] area surrounding [[The Pyramids (Indianapolis)|The Pyramids]].
Indianapolis is the headquarters for all three international [[Jewish]] fraternities, [[Zeta Beta Tau]], [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]], and [[Sigma Alpha Mu]]. [http://www.zbt.org/zbt/ zbt.org], [http://www.aepi.org/site/pp.asp?c=geJQIUOwErH&b=2116949 aepi.org], [http://www.sam.org/ sam.org].
====Ethnic and cultural heritage festivals====
One of the largest ethnic and cultural heritage festivals in Indianapolis is the Summer Celebration held by [[Indiana Black Expo]]. This ten-day national event highlights the contributions of [[African-American]]s to U.S. society and culture and provides educational, entertainment, and networking opportunities to the over 300,000 participants from around the country.
Indy's International Festival is held annually in November at the [[Indiana State Fair]]grounds. Local ethnic groups, vendors and performers are featured alongside national and international performers.
Other local festivals include:
*Holy Trinity [[Greek Orthodox]] Church hosts the [[Indy Greek Festival]] the Friday and Saturday after [[Labor Day]] in September.
*The [[Indy Irish Festival]] is an annual event in the middle of every September.
*The [[Indy Pride]] Festival takes place every June.
*The [[Italian Street Festival]] is held annually in early June at the Holy Rosary Catholic Church.
*The Fiesta Indianapolis is held annually in September by [http://www.laplaza-indy.org/index.asp?p=50 La Plaza] at the American Legion Mall and Veterans Memorial Park.
*The [[German Fest (Indianapolis)|German Fest]] is an annual event held in October at the [http://www.rathskeller.com/ Rathskeller in the Athenaeum Building] .
*The [[Middle Eastern Festival of Indianapolis]] takes place annually in July at St. George Orthodox Christian Church.
*The [http://www.st-nicholas-indy.org/ St. Nicholas Serbian Church] hosts many Eastern European cultural events.
===Sports===
{{main|Sports in Indianapolis}}
Indianapolis is home to the [[Indianapolis Colts]] of the [[National Football League|NFL]], the [[Indiana Pacers]] of the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]], the [[Indiana Fever]] of the [[Women's National Basketball Association|WNBA]], the [[Indianapolis Indians]] of the [[International League|IL]], and the [[Indiana Ice]] of the [[United States Hockey League|USHL]].
In addition, the headquarters of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] (NCAA), the main governing body for U.S. collegiate sports, is in Indianapolis, as is the [[National Federation of State High School Associations]]. Indianapolis is home to the national offices of USA Gymnastics, USA Diving, US Synchronized Swimming, and USA Track & Field.
The city has hosted the Men's and Women's [[NCAA Final Four]]s (the semifinals and final of the [[NCAA basketball tournament]]) several times, and as of 2006 the NCAA is scheduled to hold the Women's Final Four in Indianapolis at least once every five years. [[Conseco Fieldhouse]] in Indianapolis will host the [[Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Tournament|Big Ten Tournament]] for five straight years (beginning in 2008) after it won the [[Big Ten]] bid over [[Chicago]] and the [[United Center]].
Indianapolis also hosts the [[Indianapolis Tennis Championships]], one of the many tournaments which are part of the [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]] series.
[[Indianapolis Motor Speedway|IMS]] hosts two major races every year, the [[Indianapolis 500]] and the [[Allstate 400 at the Brickyard]]. Starting in 2008, the [[MotoGP]] Motorcycle series will host a weekend at the speedway for the [[Indianapolis motorcycle Grand Prix|Red Bull Indianapolis Grand Prix]]. As previously mentioned Indy plays hosts to many Men's and Women's Final Fours and will continue with the opening of [[Lucas Oil Stadium]]. Lucas Oil Stadium and the city of Indianapolis made a bid to host [[Super Bowl XLV]] in 2011 but lost to [[Dallas]] and the [[Dallas Cowboys New Stadium]] by two [[List of NFL franchise owners|NFL Owner]] votes. The city was awarded the rights to host [[Super Bowl XLVI]] on May 20, 2008. Indianapolis also hosted the [[1987 Pan American Games|Pan American Games]] in 1987 and the [[2002 World Basketball Championships]].
The [[Indianapolis Daredevils]] were a professional [[soccer]] team based in the city from 1978-79 and played in the [[American Soccer League|ASL]], the second tier of American soccer.
{| style="border: 1px solid #ADADAD; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-bottom: 5px;"
|- bgcolor=#ADADAD align=left
! width=150px | Club
! width=100px | Sport
! width=270px | League
! width=120px | Venue
|-
| [[Indianapolis Colts]]
| [[American football|Football]]
| [[National Football League]] ([[American Football Conference|AFC]])
| [[RCA Dome]]
[[Lucas Oil Stadium]] (starting 2008)
|-
| [[Indiana Pacers]]
| [[Basketball]]
| [[National Basketball Association]]
| [[Conseco Fieldhouse]]
|-
| [[Indiana Fever]]
| [[Basketball]]
| [[Women's National Basketball Association]]
| [[Conseco Fieldhouse]]
|-
| [[Indianapolis Indians]]
| [[Baseball]]
| [[International League]] ([[Minor league baseball#Extant farm system|AAA]] - affiliated with the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]])
| [[Victory Field]]
|-
| [[Indiana Ice]]
| [[Ice hockey|Hockey]]
| [[United States Hockey League]]
| [[Pepsi Coliseum]]
[[Conseco Fieldhouse]]
|-
| [[Indianapolis Impalas]]<ref>[http://www.indianapolisrugbyclub.com/ Indianapolis Impalas Rugby Football Club<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| [[Rugby Union|Rugby]]
| [[USA Rugby]]
| [[Lake Sullivan Sports Complex]]
|-
|}
====Indianapolis Colts====
[[Image:LucasOilStadium.jpg|thumb|right|[[Lucas Oil Stadium]] nearing completion]]
{{details|Indianapolis Colts}}
The [[Indianapolis Colts|Baltimore Colts]] relocated to Indianapolis in 1984. During the early years the Colts struggled to win. After a playoff berth in 1987, the Colts drifted back to mediocrity and worse until the mid-1990s. In 1995 the Colts made their first step towards success when they made the [[AFC Championship Game]] but lost to the [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] on a last-second play. In 1998 GM [[Bill Pollan]] drafted quarterback [[Peyton Manning]] as the number-one pick out of [[University of Tennessee|Tennessee]]. Since drafting Manning the Colts have made the playoffs in seven of nine years and won [[Super Bowl XLI]] against the [[Chicago Bears]], 29-17. [[Lucas Oil Stadium]] will open before the 2008 season, replacing the [[RCA Dome]] as the new home of the Colts.
[[Image:ConsecoFieldhouse.jpg|thumb|left|Conseco Fieldhouse, home of the Pacers & Fever]]
====Indiana Pacers====
{{details|Indiana Pacers}}
The [[Indiana Pacers]] began play in the [[American Basketball Association (1967-1976)|ABA]] in 1967 and won three ABA championships. In 1976 the Pacers received an invitation to join the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]]. In 1987 they drafted shooting guard [[Reggie Miller]] out of [[University of California Los Angeles|UCLA]] and became an instant playoff perennial. In 1999 they opened their new arena, [[Conseco Fieldhouse]], and demolished their old home court in [[Market Square Arena]]. The Pacers reached their first and only [[NBA Finals]] in 2000 but lost to the [[Los Angeles Lakers|Lakers]] in six games. After the 2004-2005 season Miller retired and the team has since struggled with their production on the court. After the infamous [[Pacers-Pistons brawl]] they have also wrestled with an off-court image tempered with violence and brushes with the law.
====Indiana Fever====
{{details|Indiana Fever}}
The [[Women's National Basketball Association|WNBA]] expanded to four new cities in 2000, including Indianapolis' [[Indiana Fever]] . The WNBA awarded Indianapolis a team with the opening of [[Conseco Fieldhouse]]. The Fever won their first game against the [[Miami Sol]] on national television but finished the 2000 season in last place. In the [[2001 WNBA Draft]] the Fever drafted [[Tennessee Lady Volunteers basketball|Tennessee]] superstar [[Tamika Catchings]] with the third pick overall, although she was forced to sit out the 2001 season with a knee injury. Catchings won the 2002 [[WNBA Rookie of the Year]] and each season has led the Fever in points, rebounds, assists, and steals.
====Indianapolis Indians====
{{details|Indianapolis Indians}}
The Indianapolis Indians are a minor league [[baseball]] team based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The team, which plays in the [[International League]], is the AAA affiliate of the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]]. The Indians play at Victory Field, located in downtown Indianapolis.
Founded in 1902, the Indianapolis Indians are the second-oldest minor league franchise in professional sports, behind only the [[Rochester Red Wings]].
====The Indianapolis Motor Speedway====
[[Image:Ims aerial.jpg|thumb|right|Indianapolis Motor Speedway]]
{{details|Indianapolis Motor Speedway}}
The [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]] (IMS), located in [[Speedway, Indiana]], is the site of the [[Indianapolis 500|Indianapolis 500-Mile Race]] (also known as the Indy 500), an [[open wheel car|open-wheel]] automobile race held each [[Memorial Day]] weekend on a 2.5 mile (4 km) oval track. The Indy 500 is the largest single-day sporting event in the world, hosting more than 257,000 permanent seats (not including the infield area).
The track is often referred to as the [[Brickyard]], as it was paved with 3.2 million bricks shortly after its construction in 1909. Today the track is paved in [[asphalt]] although a section of bricks remains at the start/finish line.
The [[1911 Indianapolis 500|first 500-Mile Race]] (805 km), held in 1911, was won by driver [[Ray Harroun]] driving a [[Marmon]] Wasp. (Marmon, incidentally, was an Indianapolis manufacturer.) The "500" is currently part of the [[Indy Racing League]] [[IndyCar Series]], with the [[2007 Indianapolis 500]] running seeing Scotsman [[Dario Franchitti]] triumph for [[Andretti-Green Racing]].
IMS also hosts the [[NASCAR]] [[Allstate 400 at the Brickyard]] (originally the "Brickyard 400"). The first running of the Brickyard 400 was in 1994, and is currently NASCAR's highest attended event. Driver [[Jeff Gordon]] was the first to cross the finish line in the 1994 race. Gordon has since added three more 400 wins, tying [[Rick Mears]], [[A. J. Foyt]] and [[Al Unser]] for the most victories at the track. [[Tony Stewart]] is the most recent winner of the 400 as of [[2007 Allstate 400 at the Brickyard|2007]].
In 1998, IMS began expanding the original track to include a [[Formula One]] road course, utilizing the traditional brick start-finish line and adding a new infield [[road course]] inside the surrounding oval.
From 2000 to 2007, IMS hosted the [[Formula One]] [[United States Grand Prix]] (USGP). Driver [[Michael Schumacher]] took the first finish. The last US Grand Prix run at IMS, in 2007, was notable for firsts. [[Lewis Hamilton]] took the checkered flag, and in doing so became the first rookie to win a Grand Prix at Indianapolis, as well as the first [[black people|black]] driver to win any Speedway race. During the summer of 2007, contract negotiations between the IMS and Formula One resulted in a discontinuation of the USGP at Indianapolis (at least for the foreseeable future). Formula One has currently not scheduled a USGP venue for the 2008 season.
The Speedway is scheduled to host its first [[MotoGP]], with the [[Red Bull]] Indianapolis Grand Prix taking place in September 2008.
Other series host races at nearby [[O'Reilly Raceway Park at Indianapolis]]; it is also the site of the annual [[Mac Tools U.S. Nationals]], the most prestigious [[drag-racing]] meet of the year for the [[National Hot Rod Association|National Hot Rod Association (NHRA)]] .
====OneAmerica 500 Festival Mini-Marathon====
{{details|OneAmerica 500 Festival Mini-Marathon}}
Indianapolis is home to the largest mini-marathon (and eighth-largest running event) in America. This year (2007) is the 30th anniversary of the Mini, and run in the first weekend in May every year. This event is part of the 500 Festival, now its 50th year running. The race starts on Washington Street just off [[Monument Circle]] and ends on New York Street back downtown. The Mini has been sold out every year, with well over 35,000 runners participating.
==Recreation==
===Parks===
{{details|List of parks in Indianapolis}}
Indianapolis has an extensive [[municipal park]] system with nearly 200 parks occupying over 10,000 [[acre]]s (40 km²). The flagship [[Eagle Creek Park]] is the largest municipal park in the city, and ranks among the largest urban parks in the United States. <ref>[http://www.indygov.org/eGov/City/DPR/Parks/List/Eagle+Creek+Park.htm Indianapolis Parks]</ref>
Other major Indianapolis Regional parks include:
* Garfield Park (established in 1881 and the oldest park in Indianapolis. Located on the Near South Side)
* Riverside Park (Near West Side)
* Sahm Park (Northeast side)
* Southeastway Park (Franklin Township, Marion County)
* Southwestway Park (Decatur Township, Marion County)
Additionally, Indianapolis has an urban forestry program that has garnered several Tree City USA awards from the [[National Arbor Day Foundation]].
===Indianapolis Zoo===
{{details|Indianapolis Zoo}}
Opened in 1988, the [[Indianapolis Zoo]] is the largest zoo in the state and is just west of downtown. It has 360 species of animals and is best known for its [[dolphin]] exhibit which includes the only underwater viewing dome in the [[Midwest]].
===Museums===
*[[Children's Museum of Indianapolis]] (the largest children's museum in the world{{Fact|date=June 2008}})
*[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]
*[[Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum]]
*[[Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians & Western Art]]
*[[Indiana State Museum]]
*[[NCAA Hall of Champions]] (Hall of Fame for college athletics)
*[[James Whitcomb Riley Museum Home]]
*[[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]] Hall of Fame Museum
*[[Conner Prairie]] (A living history museum)
===Other places of interest===
*[[Butler University]]
*[[Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis]]
*[[Indianapolis Zoo]]
*[[Garfield Park Conservatory and Sunken Gardens]]
*[[Heslar Naval Armory]]
*[[Holcomb Gardens]]
*[[Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library]]
*[[Irvington Historic District]]
*[[Slippery Noodle Inn]]
*[[White River Gardens]]
==Local media==
{{Main|Media in Indianapolis, Indiana}}
Indianapolis is served by local, regional, and national media.
==Economy==
===Companies===
Indianapolis is the international headquarters of the pharmaceutical corporation [[Eli Lilly and Company]], wireless distribution & logistics provider [[Brightpoint]], health insurance provider [[Wellpoint]], insurance company [[American United Life]], airline [[Republic Airways]],consisting of [[Republic Airlines]], [[Chautauqua Airlines]] and [[Shuttle America]] real estate companies [[Simon Property Group]] & [[Hunt Construction Group]], [[Finish Line, Inc.]], [[Duke Realty Corp.]] and [[Teleservices Direct]]. The U.S. headquarters of [[Roche Diagnostics]], [[Thomson SA]], [[Conseco]], [[Interactive Intelligence]], [[First Internet Bank of Indiana]], [[Peerless Pump Company]], [[CP Morgan]] and [[Dow AgroSciences]] are also located in Indianapolis. Other major Indianapolis area employers include [[Clarian Health]], [[Sallie Mae]], [[Cook Group]], [[Rolls-Royce North America|Rolls Royce]], and [[General Motors]].
Before [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]] came to dominate the American [[automobile industry]], Indianapolis was also home to a number of carmakers, including [[American Motor Car Company]], [[Parry Auto Company]],<ref>Clymer, Floyd. ''Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925'' (New York: Bonanza, 1950), p.102.</ref> and [[Premier Motor Manufacturing]].<ref>Clymer, p.36.</ref> In addition, Indianapolis hosted auto parts companies such as [[Prest-O-Lite]], which provided [[acetylene]] generators for [[brass era]] headlights and acetylene gas starters.<ref>Clymer, p.128-9.</ref>
===Business climate and real estate===
Recently, the [[National Association of Home Builders]] and [[Wells Fargo]] ranked Indianapolis the most affordable major housing market in the U.S. for the fourth quarter of 2006,<ref>[http://money.cnn.com/2007/02/22/real_estate/most_and_least_affordable_UScities/index.htm?section=money_latest Indianapolis Housing Market]</ref> and [[Forbes Magazine|Forbes]] magazine ranked it the sixth-best city for jobs in 2008, based on a combined graded balance of perceived median household incomes, lack of [[unemployment]], income growth, [[cost of living]] and job growth.<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/2008/01/10/jobs-economy-growth-lead-careers-cx_mk_0110cities.html Best Cities For Jobs In 2008 - Forbes.com<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> However, in 2008, Indiana ranked 12th nationally in total home foreclosures and Indianapolis led the state within this.<ref>[http://www.wthr.com/Global/story.asp?S=8392251&nav=9Tai Foreclosed homes lower neighborhood values - WTHR news report]</ref>
==Transportation==
[[Image:IND-Midfield-Front-01202008.jpg|thumb|left|New Midfield Terminal under construction]]
===Airports===
[[Indianapolis International Airport]], identified as IND, is the largest airport in Indiana and serves the Indianapolis Metropolitan Area. In addition to a recently completed air traffic control tower, the airport is currently undertaking the building of two large concourses, a new airfield, two new parking garages, and apron improvements. The new terminal is being built with the intent of easing passenger access, and is being constructed between the two existing runways. The old terminal will be demolished after the new terminal opens. The current project is slated for completion in late 2008.
Many air services utilize Indianapolis International. [[FedEx]], an [[Air Freight]] company, is currently expanding its largest domestic hub, located at Indianapolis International. Indianapolis is also a [[focus city]] for [[Northwest Airlines]].
===Highways===
[[Image:Indianapolis.svg|200px|thumb|right|Interstates around Indianapolis]]
Five major interstates serve the Indianapolis area, including [[I-70]] with transportation to [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] and [[Columbus, Ohio]]; [[I-74]] to [[Cincinnati]] and [[Danville, Illinois]], [[I-65]] to [[Chicago]] and [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]], [[I-69]] to [[Fort Wayne]], and the [[I-465]] Beltway. The [[I-865]] Connector contains part of U.S. Route [[U.S. Route 52|52]] and connects [[I-65]] to [[I-465]], on the northwest side of Indianapolis. Future interstate plans include extending [[I-69]] southwest to [[Evansville, Indiana]], continuing through [[Kentucky]], [[Tennessee]], [[Mississippi]], [[Arkansas]], [[Louisiana]] and terminating on the [[Texas]] / [[Mexico]] border.
Major U.S. highways serving the region include U.S. Routes [[U.S. Route 31|31]], [[U.S. Route 40|40]], [[U.S. Route 52|52]], [[U.S. Route 36|36]], [[U.S. Route 136|136]], and [[U.S. Route 421|421]].
===Mass transit===
Indianapolis's transit provider is the [[Indianapolis Public Transportation Corporation]], also known as IndyGo. The Indianapolis Public Transportation Corporation was established in 1975 after the city of Indianapolis took over the city's transit system. Before 1997, IndyGo was called Metro. Central Indiana Commuter Services (CICS), funded by IndyGo to reduce pollution, serves Indianapolis and surrounding counties.
In 1953, the last streetcars ran in Indianapolis. Trolleybuses made their last run in the city four years later in 1957. Since 1957 Indianapolis has had an all-bus transit system. However, an impressive collection of area business leaders have formed Downtown Indianapolis Streetcar Corp., a not-for-profit organization, to investigate the building of a streetcar line in Downtown Indianapolis. Possible destinations include among others: IUPUI, White River State Park, Indianapolis Zoo, Conseco Fieldhouse, Lucas Oil Stadium, Circle Centre Mall, the Indiana State House and a future development at the MSA site.<ref>[http://www.ibj.com/html/detail_page.asp?content=11605 IBJ.com Story Detail<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The streetcar line would provide a convenient way for locals as well as tourists in downtown for conventions and sports events to move around the various destinations.
===People mover===
The public use Clarian [[people mover]] connects the [[Indiana University School of Medicine]], [[James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children|Riley Hospital for Children]], [[Wishard Memorial Hospital|Wishard Hospital]] and IUPUI & Indiana University School of Medicine facilities at the north end of the [[White River State Park|Downtown Canal]] with Methodist Hospital. Plans for a larger system are being considered that would operate throughout downtown Indianapolis. The existing people mover is sometimes inaccurately described as a [[monorail]], but in fact rides on dual [[concrete]] beams with the guideway as wide as the vehicle.
===Intercity Rail Transportation===
[[Amtrak]], the national passenger rail system, provides service to Indianapolis at the [[Indianapolis (Amtrak station)|Indianapolis Union Station]]. Amtrak provides a thrice-weekly service of the [[Cardinal (passenger train)|Cardinal]] to [[Chicago]], [[New York City]], and [[Washington, D.C.]] and the daily [[Hoosier State (passenger train)|Hoosier State]] to Chicago.
===Transportation issues===
Although Indianapolis has managed to sustain a relatively low amount of traffic congestion for a city of its population, this is mostly due to the fact that the city covers {{convert|365|mi2|km2}},<ref>[http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/mobility_report_2005.pdf The 2005 Urban Mobility Report]</ref> an area much larger than most cities with roughly 785,000 people. Indianapolis' low [[population density]] might also be the reason the city has yet to further develop its [[mass transit]] bus system or a heavy or [[light rail]] network. As the 13th-largest city in the U.S., Indianapolis has repeatedly been ranked below 40th in mass transit availability.
Some complaints include<ref>[http://search.nuvo.net/search?q=IndyGo&btnG=Search+NUVO.net&entqr=0&output=xml_no_dtd&sort=date%3AD%3AL%3Ad1&client=default_frontend&ud=1&oe=UTF-8&ie=UTF-8&proxystylesheet=default_frontend&site=default_collection Indianapolis Transportation Woes]</ref>:
* the [[bus]]-only city mass transit system; the absence of [[rapid transit]] and [[light rail]].
* the undue emphasis on [[automobile]] travel in city planning; the lack of [[sidewalks]] and [[bike path]]s.
* excessive automobile usage resulting in [[environmental degradation]] (specifically [[air pollution]]), as evidenced in the city's often poor [[air quality]]
* the lack of cross-town bus routes, forcing bus riders to travel downtown to cross from one side of the city to another, often doubling or tripling what the trip distance would have been with a direct route.
* the "lack of vision" in building a transportation network based entirely on non-[[renewable resources]] and old [[technology]]
* the paucity of scheduled bus routes, often forcing riders to choose between arriving at a destination extremely early, or late.
* the lack of night bus services, which forces those who work late shifts to find other ways to get around. These can be much more expensive.
* the [[fiscal]] costs of building (for instance [[lien]]s), repairing, and replacing roads
There are other concerns over a lack of safe walking paths in many areas of the city. Many [[suburbs]] which were [[incorporation (municipal government)|incorporated]] in the 1960s and 1970s are now relatively near the center of the city, and don’t have sidewalks. This often forces [[pedestrians]] to navigate a narrow [[road shoulder]] near high-speed automobile traffic.
==Indianapolis in popular media==
The city of [[Indianapolis]] is referred to twelve times in the movie [[Uncle Buck]].
The television [[situation comedy|sitcom]] ''[[One Day at a Time]]'' was set in Indianapolis. The opening credits of the show include a shot of [[The Pyramids (Indianapolis)|the Pyramids]], a set of three distinctive office buildings located near the northwestern edge of the city. The first seasons of ''[[Good Morning Miss Bliss]]'' (later to become ''[[Saved by the Bell]]'') and ''[[Thunder Alley]]'' were set in Indianapolis. The American version of ''[[Men Behaving Badly]]'' and [[CBS]]'s 2005 drama ''[[Close to Home (TV series)|Close to Home]]'' were also set in Indianapolis. In a darker view, in the television show [[Jericho (TV)|Jericho]], Indianapolis is one of twenty-three American cities destroyed by nuclear weapons, a fate which also befalls the city in the ''[[Worldwar]]'' series of novels by [[Harry Turtledove]].
==See also==
{{portalpar|Indianapolis|Flag of Indianapolis.svg|50}}
{{portalpar|Indiana|Flag of Indiana.svg|50}}
*[[History of Indianapolis]]
*[[Downtown Indianapolis]]
==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Indianapolislove.jpg
Image:C4241-Indianapolis-Canal.jpg
Image:Downtown_indy_from_crown_hill.JPG
Image:NorthDowntownIndy.jpg
Image:Downtown_indy_from_campus_parking_garage.JPG
Image:Downtown_indy_from_parking_garage_zoom.JPG
Image:Indianapolis skyline daytime 2.jpg
Image:IndySkyline.jpg
Image:INDYsun.jpg
Image:IndyNight.jpg
Image:Indianapolis USA1.jpg
Image:Indianapolis-indiana-from-above.jpg
Image:DSC03288.JPG
Image:Indianapolis USA2.jpg
Image:Indianapolis-1985-1.JPG
Image:Indianapolis-1985-2.JPG
</gallery>
==Sister cities==
Indianapolis has five [[town twinning|sister cities]], as designated by [http://www.sister-cities.org/ Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI)]:
* {{flagicon|Germany}} - [[Cologne]] ([[Germany]])
* {{flagicon|Italy}} - [[Monza]] ([[Italy]])
* {{flagicon|Slovenia}} - [[Piran]] ([[Slovenia]])
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} - [[Taipei]] ([[Republic of China|Taiwan]])
* {{flagicon|Canada}} - [[Scarborough, Ontario|Scarborough]] ([[Canada]])
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
<!-- In the past this area has become a long list of useful links. -->
<!-- Please remember that Wikipedia is not a directory. -->
<!-- If you need a link added to a directory, please add it to DMOZ using the link provided -->
{{sisterlinks|Indianapolis}}
*{{wikitravel|Indianapolis}}
*[http://www.wikimapia.org/#lat=39.781762&lon=-86.134357&z=13&l=0&m=s&v=2 Wikimapia Location]
*[http://www.city-data.com/city/Indianapolis-Indiana.html City Data for Indianapolis]
*[http://www.indygov.org/home.htm IndyGov.Org Official city government website]
*[http://www.indy.org Official Tourist Information]
*[http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/indianapolis/index.htm Indianapolis, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
*[http://www.indyindiana.com IndyIndiana.com Indianapolis Business Directory]
*[http://www.indychamber.com/ Greater Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce]
*{{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Indiana/Localities/I/Indianapolis}}
{{Geolinks-US-cityscale|39.790942|-86.147685}}
{{Indianapolis}}
{{Marion County, Indiana}}
{{Indianapolis Metro}}
{{Indiana}}
{{United States state capitals}}
{{USLargestCities}}
{{Pan American Games host cities}}
[[Category:Cities in Indiana]]
[[Category:County seats in Indiana]]
[[Category:Marion County, Indiana]]
[[Category:Indianapolis, Indiana| ]]
[[Category:Indianapolis metropolitan area| ]]
[[Category:National Road]]
[[Category:Planned cities]]
[[Category:Settlements established in 1821]]
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