Iniencephaly 232047 221478086 2008-06-24T17:56:46Z Ufinne 4476154 fi: {{DiseaseDisorder infobox | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | ICD10 = {{ICD10|Q|00|2|q|00}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|740.2}} | ICDO = | Image = | Caption = | OMIM = | OMIM_mult = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | DiseasesDB = | }} '''Iniencephaly''' is a type of [[cephalic disorder]]. It is a rare neural tube defect that combines extreme retroflexion (backward bending) of the head with severe defects of the [[spine (anatomy)|spine]]. ==Presentation== The affected infant tends to be short, with a disproportionately large head. Diagnosis can be made immediately after birth because the head is so severely retroflexed that the face looks upward. The [[skin]] of the face is connected directly to the skin of the [[chest]] and the scalp is directly connected to the skin of the [[back]]. Generally, the [[neck]] is absent. Most individuals with iniencephaly have other associated anomalies such as [[anencephaly]], [[encephalocele]] (a disorder in which part of the cranial contents protrudes from the [[skull]]), [[hydrocephalus]], [[cyclopia]], absence of the mandible (lower jaw bone), cleft lip and palate, [[cardiovascular]] [[Disease|disorders]], [[diaphragm (anatomy)|diaphragm]]atic hernia, and [[gastrointestinal]] malformation. The disorder is more common among [[females]]. ==Prognosis== The prognosis for those with iniencephaly is extremely poor. Newborns with iniencephaly seldom live more than a few hours. The distortion of the fetal body may also pose a danger to the mother's life. ==External links== * [http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=120 TheFetus.Net] {{Congenital malformations and deformations of nervous system}} [[Category:Congenital disorders]] [[es:Iniencefalia]] [[pt:Iniencefalia]] [[fi:Takaraivohalkio]]