Inner Hebrides 143579 224813667 2008-07-10T15:10:11Z 86.131.250.159 [[Image:Hebridesmap.png|thumb|The Hebrides (Inner Hebrides in red)]] The '''Inner Hebrides''' ([[Scottish Gaelic]]: '''Na h-Eileanan a-staigh''' - the inner isles) is an [[archipelago]] off the west coast of [[Scotland]], to the south east of the [[Outer Hebrides]]. They are part of the [[Hebrides]]. In classical sources, they are referred to as the '''Ebudae''' or the '''Ebudes'''. Traditionally, the Inner Hebrides have been subdivided into two groups (northern and southern). ==History== {{Unreferencedsection|date=December 2007}} The Hebrides were settled early on in the settlement of the British Isles, perhaps as early as the Mesolithic era, around 8500-8250 BC, after the climatic conditions improved enough to sustain human settlement. There are examples of structures possibly dating from up to 3000 BC, the finest example being the standing stones at Callanish, but some archaeologists date the site as Bronze Age. Little is known of the people who settled in the Hebrides but they were likely of the same Celtic stock that had settled Scotland. Settlements at Northton, Harris, have both Beaker & Neolithic dwelling houses, the oldest in The Western Isles, attesting to the settlement. Irish Gaels moved north and began to colonize the area sometime in the 4th or 5th Century. These people formed the Gaelic kingdom of [[Dal Riata]]. The golden age of Dal Riata is thought to be around near the beginning of the 7th Century and began a decline, with intermittent revivals occurring as late as the 9th Century. [[Columba]] came to the Inner Hebrides in 563, founding a monastery on Iona and a number of other monasteries and retreats in the surrounding islands. The first written records of the islands began with the arrival of Columba. The Hebrides began to come under [[Norsemen|Norse]] control and settlement already before the [[9th century AD]]. The Norse control of the Hebrides was formalized in [[1098]] when [[Edgar of Scotland]] formally signed the islands over to [[Magnus III of Norway]]. The Scottish acceptance of Magnus III as King of the Isles came after the Norwegian king had conquered the [[Orkney Islands]], the Hebrides and the [[Isle of Man]] in a swift and devastating campaign earlier the same year, directed against the local Norwegian leaders of the various islands after they had begun paying homage to Edgar as their overlord.<ref>Ross 2006, p. 63</ref> By capturing the islands Magnus III subdued the Norsemen who had seized the islands centuries earlier and imposed a more direct royal control. The Norwegian control of both the Inner and Outer Hebrides would see almost constant warfare until being ultimately resolved by the partitioning of the Western Isles in [[1156]]. The Outer Hebrides would remain under the [[Kingdom of Mann and the Isles]] while the Inner Hebrides broke out under [[Somerled]], the Norse-Gaelic kinsman of both [[Lulach]] and the Manx royal house. After his victory of 1156 Somerled went on to two years later seize control over the Isle of Man itself and become the last King of the Isle of Man and the Isles to rule over all the islands the kingdom had once included. After Somerled's death in [[1164]] the rulers of Mann would no longer be in control of the Inner Hebrides. The Lord of the Isles would continue to rule the Inner Hebrides as well as part of the Western Highlands as a subject of the King of Scots until [[John MacDonald]], fourth Lord of the Isles, squandered the family's power away. Through a secret treaty with [[Edward IV of England]] in [[1462]], he planned to make himself more or less an independent ruler. When [[James III of Scotland]] found out about the treaty in [[1475]], he forfeited MacDonald's lands. Some were restored for a promise of good behaviour, but MacDonald was unable to control his son who defeated him at the [[Battle of Bloody Bay]] (Mull, [[1481]]) and his nephew whose rebellion in [[1493]] provoked an exasperated James IV to forfeit the lands for the last time in 1493. MacDonald died in [[1503]]. ==Islands== ===Northern=== The northern Inner Hebrides comprise [[Isle of Skye|Skye]], the [[Small Isles]] and some smaller islands surrounding Skye. They are part of the [[Highland (council area)|Highland]] unitary council region. The smaller islands include: *[[Ascrib Islands]] *[[Crowlin Islands]] *[[Isay]] *[[Longay]] *[[Ornsay]] *[[Raasay]] *[[Pabay]] *[[Scalpay, Inner Hebrides|Scalpay]], [[Soay, Skye|Soay]], [[South Rona]] *[[Wiay, Skye|Wiay]] * [[Summer Isles]] ===Southern=== The southern Inner Hebrides comprise [[Isle of Mull|Mull]], [[Islay]], [[Jura, Scotland|Jura]], the [[Slate Islands]], the [[Treshnish Islands]] and some islands surrounding Mull. They are part of the [[Argyll and Bute]] council region. The smaller islands include: *[[Calve Island]], [[Cara Island|Cara]], [[Càrna]], [[Coll]], [[Colonsay]] *[[Eileach an Naoimh]], [[Eilean Dubh Mòr]], [[Eilean Macaskin]], [[Eilean Righ]], [[Eorsa]], [[Erraid]] *[[Garbh Eileach]], [[Gigha]], [[Gometra]], [[Gunna]] *[[Iona]], [[Inch Kenneth]] *[[Kerrera]] *[[Lismore, Scotland|Lismore]], [[Little Colonsay]], [[Luing]], [[Lunga, Treshnish Isles|Lunga]] *[[Oronsay, Inner Hebrides|Oronsay]] *[[Scarba]], [[Seil]], [[Shuna, Slate Islands|Shuna]], [[Staffa]] *[[Texa]], [[Tiree]] *[[Ulva]] The [[Islands of the Clyde]] are sometimes mislocated in the Southern Hebrides. Technically they are not part of the archipelago. ==See also== *[[Islands of the Clyde]] *[[Western Isles]] *[[List of islands of Scotland]] *[[Kingdom of Mann and the Isles]] *[[Somerled]] *[[List of Kings of the Isle of Man and the Isles]] *[[List of Kings of the Isle of Man]] ==Footnotes== {{Reflist}} ==Literature== *Ross, David (2005) ''Scotland - History of a Nation'' ==External links== *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/scotland/last_lord.shtml/ BBC Scottish Timeline ] {{Hebrides}} {{coor title dm|56|30|N|6|00|W|region:GB_type:isle}} [[Category:Inner Hebrides| ]] [[Category:Archipelagoes]] [[Category:Islands of Scotland]] [[af:Binne-Hebride]] [[cs:Vnitřní Hebridy]] [[de:Innere Hebriden]] [[es:Hébridas Interiores]] [[eo:Ĉeaj Hebridoj]] [[eu:Barruko Hebridak]] [[fr:Hébrides intérieures]] [[it:Ebridi Interne]] [[la:Ebudes interiores]] [[nl:Binnen-Hebriden]] [[nds:Binnere Hebriden]] [[sv:Inre Hebriderna]]