Interphalangeal articulations of hand
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2008-04-27T12:27:40Z
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Replacing [[Image:Human_hand_bones_simple.svg]] with [[Image:Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg]] (by [[commons:User:Rlevse|Rlevse]] because: Was in category "Duplicate", exact duplicate).
{{Infobox Anatomy |
Name = Interphalangeal joints |
Latin = articulationes interphalangeae manus, articulationes digitorum manus |
GraySubject = 91 |
GrayPage = 333 |
Image =Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg |
Caption = Human hand bones |
Image2 = Gray337.png |
Caption2 = Metacarpophalangeal articulation and articulations of digit. Volar aspect. |
Width = 190 |
System = |
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = a_64 |
DorlandsSuf = 12161327 |
}}
The '''interphalangeal articulations of hand''' are [[hinge-joints]] of the [[phalanges of the hand]]. There are two sets (except in the [[thumb]]):
* "proximal interphalangeal joints" (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) [[phalanges]]
* "distal interphalangeal joints" (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges
A [[Interphalangeal articulations of foot|similar group of articulations]] also function in the [[toes]].
==Ligaments==
Each joint has a [[volar]] ligament and two collateral ligaments.
The arrangement of these ligaments is similar to those in the [[metacarpophalangeal joint]]s (also known as MCP joints).
The extensor tendons supply the place of [[posterior ligament]]s.
==Movements==
The only movements permitted in the interphalangeal joints are [[flexion]] and [[Extension (kinesiology)|extension]].
* Flexion is more extensive, about 100°, in the PIP joints and slightly more restricted, about 80°, in the DIP joints.
* Extension is limited by the volar and collateral ligaments. These joints break the most often out of every joint in the body.
The muscles generating these movements are:
{| class="wikitable"
| '''Location''' || '''Flexion''' || '''Extension'''
|-
| fingers || the [[flexor digitorum profundus]] acting on the [[proximal]] and [[distal]] joints, and the [[flexor digitorum sublimis]] acting on the proximal joints || mainly by the [[Lumbricals of the hand|lumbricales]] and [[interossei]], the long extensors having little or no action upon these joints
|-
| thumb || the [[flexor pollicis longus]] || the [[extensor pollicis longus]]
|}
==See also==
* [[Finger]]
==External links==
* {{KansasHandKinesiology|bone/phaljt.html}}
* {{eMedicineDictionary|proximal+interphalangeal+joints}}
* {{eMedicineDictionary|distal+interphalangeal+joints}}
* [http://cms.depuy.com/display?docId=40509 Diagram at depuy.com]
{{Gray's}}
{{Joints of upper limbs}}
{{musculoskeletal-stub}}
[[nl:DIP-gewricht]]
[[sv:Interfalangealled]]