Interstitial lung disease
1483290
221461078
2008-06-24T16:29:49Z
81.187.242.138
/* External links */
{{Unreferenced|date=January 2008}}
{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|J|84|9|j|80}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|506.4}}, {{ICD9|508.1}}, {{ICD9|515}}, {{ICD9|516.3}}, {{ICD9|714.81}}, {{ICD9|770.7}} |
ICDO = |
Image = honeycomb.jpg |
Caption = End-stage pulmonary fibrosis of unknown origin, taken from an autopsy in the 1980s. |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = ped |
eMedicineTopic = 1950 |
DiseasesDB = 31509 |
MeshID = D017563 |
}}
'''Interstitial lung disease (ILD)''', also known as '''diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD)''', refers to a group of [[lung]] diseases (including [[idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]), affecting the [[Pulmonary alveolus|alveolar]] [[epithelium]], pulmonary [[capillary]] [[endothelium]], [[basement membrane]], perivascular and perilymphatic tissues. The term ILD is used to distinguish these diseases from [[obstructive airways diseases]]. Most types of ILD involve [[fibrosis]], but this is not essential; indeed fibrosis is often a later feature. Hence the term '''''pulmonary fibrosis''''' has fallen out of favor.
== Causes ==
[[Image:Usual interstitial pneumonia (1).JPG|right|239px|thumb|[[Micrograph]] of [[usual interstitial pneumonia]] (UIP). UIP is the most common pattern of [[idiopathic interstitial pneumonia]] (a type of interstitial lung disease) and usually represents [[idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]. [[H&E stain]]. [[Autopsy]] specimen.]]
ILD may be classified according to the cause: -
# Inhaled substances
#* Inorganic
#** [[Silicosis]]
#** [[Asbestosis]]
#** [[Berylliosis]]
#* Organic
#** [[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]]
# Drug induced
#* [[Antibiotic]]s
#* [[Chemotherapy|Chemotherapeutic drugs]]
#* [[Antiarrhythmic agents]]
# Connective tissue disease
#* [[Systemic sclerosis]]
#* [[Dermatomyositis]]
#* [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
#* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
# Infection
#* [[Atypical pneumonia]]
#* [[Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)]]
#* [[Tuberculosis]]
# Idiopathic
#* [[Sarcoidosis]]
#* [[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]
#* [[Hamman-Rich syndrome]]
# Malignancy
#* Lymphangitic [[carcinoma]]tosis
== Investigation ==
[[Image:PCP CAP CXR.JPG|right|thumb|Patients with [[Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)|pneumocystis pneumonia]] can present with interstitial lung disease, as seen in the reticular markings on this AP [[chest x-ray]]]]
Investigation is tailored towards the symptoms and signs. Most patients have blood testing, chest [[x-ray]], pulmonary function testing, and high resolution [[computerized tomography|CT]] thorax.
A lung [[biopsy]] is required if the clinical history and imaging is not clearly suggestive of a specific diagnosis or [[cancer|malignancy]] cannot otherwise be ruled-out.
== Treatment ==
ILD is not a single disease, but encompasses many different pathological processes. Hence treatment is different for each disease.
If a specific occupational exposure cause is found, the person should avoid that environment. If a [[Medication|drug]] cause is suspected, that drug should be discontinued.
Many [[idiopathic]] and [[connective tissue]]-based causes of ILD are treated with [[prednisolone]]. Some patients respond to [[immunosuppressant]] treatment. Patients with [[Hypoxia (medical)|hypoxemia]] may be given supplemental [[oxygen]].
== External links ==
* [http://pulmonary.ucsf.edu/activities/ild.html '''University of California, San Francisco Interstitial Lung Disease Center of Excellence''']
* [http://www.coalitionforpf.org/index.html Coalition for Pulmonary Fibrosis - Research, Education, Support & Hope]
*[http://www.pulmonaryfibrosis.org/ipf.htm What is Pulmonary Fibrosis?]
* {{Chorus|00736}}
* {{GPnotebook|1476788304}}
* {{MeshName|Pulmonary+Fibrosis}}
* {{MedlinePlusOverview|pulmonaryfibrosis}}
* [http://www.aimip.org/ AIMIP - Italian Association for IPF - Associazione Italiana]
* [http://simmonscenterild.upmc.com/Default.htm '''Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases''']
* [http://www.uchospitals.edu/specialties/pulmonary/interstitial-lung/index.html University of Chicago Interstitial Lung Disease Program]
* [http://paipf.medicine.pitt.edu/default.asp '''PA-IPF''' - The Pennsylvania Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis State Registry]
* [http://www.uclungfibrosis.com '''University of Cincinnati Interstitial Lung Disease Center''']
* [http://www.huff-n-puff.net Huff'n'Puff - Interstitial lung disease support and information site]
{{Respiratory pathology}}
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
{{disease-stub}}
[[de:Interstitielle Lungenerkrankung]]
[[es:Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial]]
[[id:Penyakit paru interstisial]]
[[ja:間質性肺炎]]
[[fi:Keuhkoparenkyymisairaudet]]