Iodine pentafluoride
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2008-07-02T07:08:38Z
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{{Chembox new
| ImageFile = Iodine-pentafluoride-gas-2D-dimensions.png
| ImageSize = 140px
| ImageName = Iodine pentafluoride
| ImageFile1 = Iodine-pentafluoride-3D-vdW.png
| ImageSize1 = 140px
| ImageName1 = Iodine pentafluoride
| IUPACName = iodine(V) fluoride
| OtherNames = iodine pentafluoride
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| SMILES =
| CASNo = 7783-66-6
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = IF<sub>5</sub>
| MolarMass = 221.89 g mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Appearance = pale yellow liquid
| Density = 3.250 g cm<sup>−3</sup> liquid
| Solubility =
| MeltingPt = 9.43°C (282.58 K)
| BoilingPt = 97.85°C (371.00 K)
| pKa =
| pKb =
| Viscosity =
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = [[Crystal system|tetragonal-pyramidal]]<ref name=Durbank>
{{cite journal
| title = Crystal structure of iodine pentafluoride at -80.deg.
| author = R. D. Durbank, G. R. Jones
| journal = [[Inorganic Chemistry]]
| year = 1974
| volume = 13
| issue = 5
| pages = 421–439
| doi = 10.1021/ic50135a012
}}</ref>
| Coordination = tetragonal-pyramidal
| CrystalStruct = [[monoclinic]]<br /> [[Crystallographic point group|point group]] C2/c
| Dipole =
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.solvaychemicals.us/static/wma/pdf/5/1/8/1/IF5.pdf External MSDS]
| MainHazards = toxic, oxidizer, corrosive
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherCpds = [[Iodine heptafluoride]],<br /> [[Chlorine pentafluoride]],<br />[[Bromine pentafluoride]]
}}
}}
'''Iodine pentafluoride''', IF<sub>5</sub>, is a [[fluoride]] of [[iodine]]. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3250 kg m<sup>−3</sup>. It was first synthesized by [[Henri Moissan]] in 1891 by burning solid [[iodine]] in [[fluorine]] gas.<ref>
{{cite journal
| title = Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor
| author = M. H. Moissan
| journal = [[Annales de chimie et de physique]]
| year = 1891
| volume = 6
| issue =
| pages = 224–282
| url= http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k34894x
}}</ref> This [[exothermic]] [[chemical reaction|reaction]] is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.<ref>{{cite journal
| title = "Das Jod-7-fluorid" (The iodine-7-fluoride)
| author = [[Otto Ruff]] , Keim R.
| journal = Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie
| year = 1930
| volume = 193
| issue = 1/2
| pages = 176–186
| doi = 10.1002/zaac.19301930117
}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal
| title = Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor)
| author = Ruff O., Keim R.
| journal = Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie
| year = 1931
| volume = 201
| issue = 1
| pages = 245–258
| doi = 10.1002/zaac.19312010122
}}</ref>
:I<sub>2</sub> + 5 F<sub>2</sub> → 2 IF<sub>5</sub>
==Chemistry==
Iodine pentafluoride is a strong [[fluorination]] agent and is highly [[oxidative]]. It reacts vigorously with water forming [[hydrofluoric acid]].
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.<ref>{{cite journal
| title = Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride
| author = T. E. Stevens
| journal = [[Journal of Organic Chemistry]]
| year = 1966
| volume = 31
| issue = 6
| pages = 2025–2026
| doi = 10.1021/jo01344a539
}}</ref>
:R-CH<sub>2</sub>-NH<sub>2</sub> → R-CN
==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references/>
*{{cite journal
| title = The Vibrational Spectra and Structures of Iodine Pentafluoride and Heptafluoride
| author = R. C. Lord, M. A. Lynch, W. C. Schumb, and E. J. Slowinski
| journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]
| year = 1950
| volume = 72
| issue = 1
| pages = 522–527
| doi = 10.1021/ja01157a135
}}
*{{cite journal
| title = Iodine Pentafluoride, Freezing and Boiling Point, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relations
| author = Max T. Rogers, John L. Speirs, H. Bradford Thompson, and Morton B. Panish
| journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]
| year = 1954
| volume = 76
| issue = 19
| pages = 4843–4844
| doi = 10.1021/ja01648a022
}}
*{{cite journal
| title = Dielectric Constants of Liquid Chlorine Trifluoride and Iodine Pentafluoride
| author = Max T. Rogers, H. Bradford Thompson, and John L. Speirs
| journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]
| year = 1954
| volume = 76
| issue = 19
| pages = 4841–4843
| doi = 10.1021/ja01648a021
}}
*{{cite journal
| title = The Halogen Fluorides.
| author = Harold Simmons Booth, John Turner Pinkston, , Jr.
| journal = [[Chemical Reviews]]
| year = 1947
| volume = 41
| issue = 3
| pages = 421–439
| doi = 10.1021/cr60130a001
}}</div>
==External links==
*[http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/44.html National Pollutant Inventory - fluoride and compounds fact sheet]
*[http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/I/F5I1-7783666.html web elements listing]
[[Category:Fluorides]]
[[Category:Iodine compounds|Pentafluoride]]
[[Category:Interhalogen compounds]]
{{inorganic-compound-stub}}
[[de:Iodpentafluorid]]
[[ja:五フッ化ヨウ素]]
[[zh:五氟化碘]]