Irish calendar
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219828751
2008-06-17T01:34:08Z
Culnacreann
954597
/* Days of the week - Laethanta na Seachtaine */
{{calendars}}
The '''Irish calendar''' does not observe the typical astronomical seasons (beginning, in the Northern Hemisphere, on the [[equinox]]es and [[solstice]]s), or the meteorological seasons (beginning on [[March 1]], [[June 1]], [[September 1]] and [[December 1]]), but rather centres the seasons around the solstices and equinoxes (so that, for instance, midsummer falls on the summer solstice), beginning the seasons at the approximate halfway points between solstice and equinox, following the seasons of the ancient [[Celts]] (see below) which are pre-Christian in origin. This Celtic origin is particularly evident in the [[Irish language|Irish]] naming of many of the months: some names, like May ([[Beltane|Bealtaine]]), August ([[Lughnasadh]]/Lúnasa) and November ([[Samhain]]) were the names of pagan Celtic festivals. In addition, the names for September and October (''Meán Fómhair'' and ''Deireadh Fómhair'' respectively) translate directly as "middle of autumn" and "end of autumn". Christianity has also left its mark on the Irish months: December is ''Nollaig'', a word also meaning [[Christmastide]].
==Seasons==
===Winter - '''An Geimhreadh'''===
====November - '''Samhain''' / '''Mí na Samhna'''====
*[[November 1]] - [[Samhain]], [[All Saints Day]] and Lá Samhna (November Day), the first day of [[Winter]] and of the Celtic New Year
**for Irish Roman Catholics, a [[Holy Day of Obligation]]
**[[1884]] - [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] founded at [[Thurles]]
**[[1920]] - British execution of [[Kevin Barry]] during the [[Irish War of Independence]]
*[[November 2]] - [[1950]]: death of [[George Bernard Shaw]]
*[[November 3]] - [[1796]] first court sittings at the [[Four Courts]], Dublin
*[[November 6]] - Feast of All the Saints of Ireland
*[[November 7]] - [[1791]]: [[The Custom House]], Dublin, opened
*[[November 8]] - [[1847]]: birth of [[Bram Stoker]]
*[[November 10]] - [[1728]]: birth of [[Oliver Goldsmith]]
**[[1966]] - [[Jack Lynch]] elected [[Taoiseach]]
**[[1987]] - funeral, in Dublin, of broadcaster [[Eamonn Andrews]]
*[[November 11]] - [[1933]]: Abolition of appeal from courts of the Irish Free State to the [[Privy Council]].
**[[1997]] - [[Mary McAleese]] inaugurated as [[President of Ireland]]
**[[2004]] - Mary McAleese inaugurated as President of Ireland for second term
*[[November 14]] - [[1923]] - Senator [[William Butler Yeats]] awarded [[Nobel Prize for Literature]]
*[[November 15]] - [[1951]]: [[Nobel Prize for Physics]] awarded to Professor [[Ernest Walton]] of [[Trinity College, Dublin]]
**[[1985]] - [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]] signed at [[Hillsborough Castle]], Co. Down
*[[November 16]] - [[1965]]: death of [[W. T. Cosgrave]], first [[President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State]]
**[[1986]] - death of [[Siobhán McKenna]], actress
*[[November 17]] - [[1974]]: death in office of [[Erskine Hamilton Childers]], President of Ireland.
*[[November 18]] - [[1982]] death of [[Hilton Edwards]], actor, director and co-founder of the [[Gate Theatre]]
*[[November 19]] - [[1798]]: death of [[Wolfe Tone]]
**[[1913]] - [[Irish Citizen Army]] founded
*[[November 20]] - [[1949]]: students and staff celebrate centenary of [[University College Galway]]
*[[November 21]] - [[1920]]: ''[[Bloody Sunday (1920)]]'' in Dublin
*[[November 22]] - [[1963]] death of [[C. S. Lewis]], novelist
*[[November 24]] - [[1922]]: Execution of [[Robert Erskine Childers]] by the Irish Free State during the Irish Civil War.
**[[1940]] death of [[James Craig]], first [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]]
**[[1982]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[24th Dáil]]
**[[1995]] - [[Fifteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Divorce)
*[[November 25]] - [[1913]]: [[Irish Volunteers]] founded
**[[1966]] - death of [[Seán T. O'Kelly]], former [[President of Ireland]]
**[[1992]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[27th Dáil]]
**[[1992]] - [[Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Right to travel abroad for abortion)
**[[1992]] - [[Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Information on abortion)
*[[November 27]] - [[1906]] death of [[Michael Cusack]], founder of the [[Gaelic Athletic Association]]
*[[November 28]] - [[1905]] founding of [[Sinn Féin]]
**[[1920]]: [[Kilmichael Ambush]]
**[[1996]] - [[Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Bail)
*[[November 29]] - [[1944]] - [[County Dublin]] awarded a coat of arms by the [[Chief Herald of Ireland]]
*[[November 30]] - [[1667]]: birth of [[Jonathan Swift]]
**[[1900]]: death of [[Oscar Wilde]]
**[[1944]] death of [[General Eoin O'Duffy]], former leader of the [[Blueshirts]]
**[[1995]] [[Bill Clinton]] pays official visit to [[Belfast]]
====December - '''Nollaig''' ====
*[[December 1]] - [[1494]]: [[Poynings Law]] enacted
**[[1995]] - [[Bill Clinton]] pays official visit to Dublin and addresses crowd of 80,000 in [[College Green]]
*[[December 3]] - [[1925]] Report of the [[Boundary Commission (Ireland)]] made public
**[[1976]]: [[Patrick Hillery]] inaugurated as [[President of Ireland]].
**[[1983]] - Patrick Hillery inaugurated for second term as President of Ireland.
**[[1990]] - [[Mary Robinson]] inaugurated as President of Ireland.
**[[2003]] - [[Budget Day]]
**[[December 4]] - [[2002]] - [[Budget Day]]
**[[December 5]] - [[2001]] - [[Budget Day]]
*[[December 6]] - Feast of [[Saint Nicholas]], chief patron of the City of [[Galway]]
**[[1921]]: [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]] signed
**[[1922]]: (i.e. exactly one year later) [[Irish Free State]] comes into existence
**[[2000]] and [[2006]] - [[Budget Day]]
*[[December 7]] - [[1972]] - [[Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Voting age reduced to 18)
**[[1972]] - [[Fifth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Recognition of religions)
**[[2005]] - [[Budget Day]]
*[[December 8]] - Feast of the [[Immaculate Conception]], for Irish Roman Catholics, a [[Holy Day of Obligation]]
**[[1922]] - execution of [[Rory O'Connor]], [[Liam Mellowes]], [[Richard Barrett]] and [[Joe McKelvey]] by order of the [[First Executive Council of the Irish Free State]]
**[[1757]]: [[Rotunda Hospital]] opened in Dublin
**[[1944]] - [[Córas Iompair Éireann]] (CIE) set up
*[[December 9]] - [[1922]]: First meeting of the first Senate of the [[Irish Free State]]
**[[1973]] - [[Sunningdale Agreement]] signed
*[[December 10]] - [[1974]]: [[Seán McBride]] former [[Minister for External Affairs]] presented with [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in Oslo
**[[1998]]: [[John Hume]] and [[David Trimble]] presented with [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in [[Oslo]]
*[[December 11]] - [[1921]] Sack of [[Cork (city)|Cork]] by [[Black and Tans]]
**[[1931]]: [[Statute of Westminster 1931|Statute of Westminster]] passed by UK Parliament
**[[1979]]: [[Charles Haughey]] elected [[Taoiseach]] by [[Dáil]]
**[[1984]]: [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up the [[Kerry Babies Tribunal]]
*[[December 12]] - [[1927]] first independent [[Irish coinage]] circulated
**[[1936]]: [[Abdication]] of Edward VIII recognised in the Irish Free State by the enactment of The Executive Authority [[Executive Authority (External Relations) Act 1936|External Relations Act]], 1936
*[[December 13]] - Feast of [[Saint Lucy]] ''(the following Wednesday, Friday and Saturday were observed as [[Quarter tense]])''
*[[December 14]] - [[1918]]: [[Irish (UK) general election, 1918|Last all-Ireland general election]] to the [[British House of Commons|UK House of Commons]]
**[[1955]]: Ireland admitted to [[UN]]
**[[1982]]: First meeting of the [[24th Dáil]]
**[[1992]]: First meeting of the [[27th Dáil]]
*[[December 15]] - [[1993]]: [[Downing Street Declaration]] issued by UK and Irish Governments
*[[December 17]] - [[1834]]: opening of the first Irish railway - the [[Dublin and Kingstown Railway]]
*[[December 18]] - Feast of [[Saint Flannan]] patron of the Diocese of [[Killaloe, County Clare]]
*[[December 19]] - [[1974]]: [[Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh]] inaugurated as [[President of Ireland]].
*[[December 21]] [[1948]] The [[Republic of Ireland Act]] is signed into law by President [[Seán T. O'Kelly]] at [[Áras an Uachtaráin]] in the presence of the [[Government of Ireland]] (see April 18, 1949)
*[[December 22]] - [[1989]]: death of [[Samuel Beckett]], [[Saoi]] of [[Aosdána]]
*[[December 23]] - [[1920]]: [[Government of Ireland Act]] passed
*[[December 25]] - [[Christmas Day]] (Public Holiday), one of the four [[Irish Quarter days]]
**for Irish Roman Catholics, a [[Holy Day of Obligation]]
*[[December 26]] - [[St. Stephen's Day]] (Public Holiday)
**[[1587]] - escape of [[Hugh Roe O'Donnell]] from [[Dublin Castle]]
**[[1940]] - consecration of [[John Charles McQuaid]] as [[Archbishop of Dublin (Roman Catholic)|Archbishop of Dublin]]
*[[December 29]] - [[1937]]: [[Constitution of Ireland]] comes into operation.
*[[December 31]] - [[1961]]: [[RTÉ]], then Telefís Éireann, begins programming
**[[1999]] - Millennium Eve and [[Last Light Ceremony]]
====January - '''Eanáir'''====
*[[January 1]] - [[New Year's Day]], one of the [[public holidays in the Republic of Ireland]].
**[[1871]] - The [[Irish Church Disestablishment Act]] take effect leading to the disestablishment of the [[Church of Ireland]]
**[[1926]] - [[2RN]] (original radio station of present [[RTÉ]]) opened by [[Douglas Hyde]]
**[[1944]] - death of [[Edward Lutyens]], designer of the [[National War Memorial, Islandbridge]]
**[[1973]] - [[Ireland]] becomes a member of the [[European Economic Community]] (the forerunner of the European Union).
**[[1975]] - Ireland assumes first [[Presidency of the Council of the European Union]] (see July 1)
**[[1984]] - [[Galway]] City begins year long celebration of 500th anniversary ([[quincentennial]]) of mayoral status with Festival Eucharist in [[St. Nicholas' Collegiate Church]]
**[[1985]] - [[Cork City]] celebrates 800 years as a chartered city
**[[1988]] - [[Dublin City]] (founded AD 988) begins year long celebration of its Millennium year
**[[1989]] - [[Dundalk]], [[Co. Louth]], celebrates 1200 years of history
**[[1990]] - Ireland assumes fourth Presidency of Council of the European Union
**[[2002]] - [[Euro]] replaces [[Irish pound|punt]] as Irish currency
**[[2004]] - Ireland assumes sixth Presidency of the Council of the European Union
*[[January 2]] - [[St. Munchin]], Patron of the [[Diocese of Limerick]]
**[[1905]] - First edition of the [[Irish Independent]] newspaper
*[[January 4]] - [[1986]] death of [[Phil Lynott]], member of [[Thin Lizzy]]
*[[January 3]] - [[1946]]: execution of [[William Joyce]], [[Lord Haw-Haw]]
*[[January 5]] - [[Twelfth Night (holiday)|Twelfth Night]]
**[[1839]] - The [[Night of the Big Wind]]
**[[1911]] - Protestant church leaders condemn [[Ne Temere]] [[Papal]] decree on mixed marriages
**[[1922]] death of Sir [[Ernest Henry Shackleton]], [[Anglo-Irish]] explorer
**[[1976]] - death of [[John A. Costello]] former [[Taoiseach]]
*[[January 6]] - [[Little Christmas]] (Nollaig Bheag) and/or [[Women's Christmas]] (Nollaig na mBan)
**and/or [[Twelfth Day]] (the traditional end of the Christmas season), and for Irish Roman Catholics, a [[Holy Day of Obligation]]
*[[January 7]] - [[1922]]: [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]] ratified by [[Dáil Éireann]]
**[[1975]] death of [[Sinéad Bean de Valera]], nee [[Sinéad Flanagan]] aged 96
*[[January 8]] - [[1968]]: [[Taoiseach]] [[Jack Lynch]] meets [[Terence O'Neill]] in Dublin
**[[1979]]: [[Betelgeuse incident]] or [[Whiddy Island]] disaster in [[Bantry Bay]]
*[[January 10]] - [[1910]] marriage of [[Sinéad Flanagan]] and [[Éamon de Valera]]
**[[1984]]: death of [[Seán McEntee]], former [[Tánaiste]]
*[[January 13]] - [[1941]]: death of [[James Joyce]]
**[[1999]] - [[Derek Hill]] awarded honorary [[Irish citizenship]]
*[[January 14]] - [[1961]] death of [[Barry Fitzgerald]], actor
**[[1965]]: [[Seán Lemass]], [[Taoiseach]], visits [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]], [[Terence O'Neill]]
*[[January 15]] - [[1988]] death of [[Nobel Peace Prize]] winner, [[Seán McBride]]
*[[January 16]] - [[1922]]: [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]] accepts surrender of [[Dublin Castle]] from the [[Viceroy]], [[Edmund Fitzalan-Howard, 1st Viscount Fitzalan of Derwent|Lord Fitzalan]]
*[[January 17]] - [[1860]]: birth of [[Douglas Hyde]]
*[[January 20]] - [[1915]] death of [[Arthur Guinness, 1st Baron Ardilaun]] of [[Ashford Castle]]
**[[1968]]: death of [[Alfred Chester Beatty|Sir Alfred Chester Beatty]]
*[[January 21]] - [[1919]]: Meeting of the [[First Dáil]] in the [[Mansion House]], Dublin
**[[Irish War of Independence]] begins with ambush in Co. [[Tipperary]]
*[[January 22]] - [[1971]]: Ireland signs Treaty of Accession to [[European Economic Community]] in [[Brussels]]
*[[January 24]] - [[1901]] - Proclamation of [[Edward VII]] as King in [[Dublin Castle]]
**[[1920]] death of [[Percy French]], composer
**[[1933]]: [[Irish general election]] for the [[8th Dáil]]
**[[1957]] - [[Sir Alfred Chester Beatty]] awarded honorary [[Irish citizenship]]
*[[January 27]] - [[1967]]: [[Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association]] founded
*[[January 28]] - [[1939]]: death of [[William Butler Yeats]]
**[[2007]] - At a special [[Ard Fheis]], held in the [[RDS]] in Dublin, [[Sinn Féin]] voted to end its 86-year-old boycott of the [[Royal Ulster Constabulary]] (RUC) and the [[Police Service of Northern Ireland]] (PSNI)
*[[January 30]] - [[1808]] work begins on [[Nelson's Pillar]], Dublin.
**[[1947]] death of [[Jim Larkin]], labour activist
**[[1972]] - [[Bloody Sunday (1972)|Bloody Sunday]] in [[Derry]]
*[[January 31]] - [[St. Aidan]], Patron of the [[Diocese of Ferns]]
**[[1922]] First edition of [[Iris Oifigiúil]] (the Irish State Gazette), is published
=== Spring - '''An tEarrach''' (February, March and April)===
====February - '''Feabhra'''====
*[[February 1]] - [[Imbolc]], Feast of St [[Brigid of Ireland|Brigid]] (Secondary Patron of Ireland) and Lá Feabhra, the first day of [[Spring (season)|Spring]]
**[[1943]] - establishment of the [[Central Bank of Ireland]]
*[[February 2]] - [[Candlemas]], more commonly, in Ireland, called the [[Presentation of the Lord]]
**[[1882]]: birth of [[James Joyce]]
**[[1995]]: [[Mary Robinson]] addresses joint session of Houses of the [[Oireachtas]]
**[[2000]] death of [[Francis Stuart]], writer
*[[February 3]] - feast of [[Saint Blaise]]
**[[1729]] Foundation stone laid of the new [[Irish Houses of Parliament]] in [[College Green]]
**[[1927]] - birth of [[Val Doonican]], entertainer and singer
*[[February 4]] - [[1948]]: [[Irish general election]] for the [[13th Dáil]]
*[[February 5]] - [[1921]] death of [[Katherine Parnell]] (Kitty O'Shea), widow of [[Charles Stewart Parnell]]
*[[February 6]] - Feast of [[St. Mel]], patron of the [[Diocese of Ardagh]]
**[[1971]] - first British soldier killed in Belfast during [[The Troubles]]
**[[1997]] - [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up the [[McCracken Tribunal]] into alleged payments by [[Dunnes Stores]]
*[[February 8]] - [[1933]]: First meeting of the [[8th Dáil]]
*[[February 9]] - [[1926]] birth of [[Garret FitzGerald]], future [[Taoiseach]]
*[[February 13]] - [[1893]]: [[William Gladstone|Gladstone]] introduces second [[Home Rule]] bill
*[[February 14]] - [[St. Valentine's Day]] (relics of St. Valentine held in [[Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church]] in Dublin.
**[[1468]] - 8th [[earl of Desmond]] beheaded in [[Drogheda]]
**[[1981]] - [[Stardust Disaster]] in Artane, Dublin kills 48.
*[[February 15]] - [[1971]]: [[Decimal Day]]- Ireland abandons [[£sd]].
*[[February 16]] - [[1932]]: [[Irish general election]] for the [[7th Dáil]]
*[[February 17]] - [[1987]]: [[Irish general election]] for the [[25th Dáil]]
*[[February 18]] - [[1948]] First meeting of the [[13th Dáil]]
**[[1948]]: [[John A. Costello]] becomes [[Taoiseach]]
**[[1981]] - [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up [[Tribunal]] /[[Public Inquiry]] into the [[Stardust Disaster]]
**[[1982]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[23rd Dáil]]
*[[February 19]] - [[1366]]: [[Statutes of Kilkenny]] promulgated
*[[February 24]] - [[1582]]: [[Papal bull|Bull]] of [[Pope Gregory XIII]], for reform of calendar, issued at Rome
*[[February 25]] - [[1949]]: [[Noel Browne]] announces emergency drive to eliminate [[tuberculosis]]
*[[February 28]] - [[1965]] [[state funeral]] begins (with reinterment on March 1) of [[Roger Casement]] who was executed in 1916
*[[February 28]] - [[1973]]: [[Irish general election]] for the [[20th Dáil]]
**[[1998]] death of [[Dermot Morgan]], actor, comedian and star of [[Father Ted]]
====March - '''Márta'''====
*[[March 1]] - [[1981]]: [[Bobby Sands]] begins [[hunger strike]] in [[Her Majesty's Prison Service|HM Prison]] [[Maze (HM Prison)|Maze]]
*[[March 3]] - [[Charter]] of [[Trinity College, Dublin]] granted.
**[[1979]] - Dái resolution passed setting up a [[tribunal]] or [[Public Inquiry]] into the disaster at [[Whiddy Island]], also known as the [[Betelgeuse incident]]
*[[March 4]] - [[1986]] death of [[Edward McLysaght]], former [[Chief Herald of Ireland]]
*[[March 5]] - Feast of [[St. Kieran]], patron of the [[Diocese of Ossory]]
**[[1957]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[16th Dáil]]
*[[March 6]] - [[1152]]: [[Synod of Kells]] convenes.
*[[March 7]] - [[1848]]: first unveiling of the Irish [[tricolour]] (in [[Waterford]]).
**[[1965]] - following the liturgical changes of the [[Second Vatican Council]], Mass in Ireland is read for the first time in the English and Irish languages
*[[March 8]] - [[1966]]: [[Nelson's Pillar]] destroyed in explosion
*[[March 9]] - [[1932]]: First meeting of the [[7th Dáil]]
** [[1932]] - [[Éamon de Valera]] elected [[President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State]]
**[[1982]] - First meeting of the [[23rd Dáil]]
*[[March 10]] - [[1894]]: Ireland wins Rugby [[Triple Crown]] for first time
**[[1968]] sudden death of [[Minister for Education]], [[Donagh O'Malley]]
**[[1987]] - First meeting of the [[25th Dáil]]
*[[March 11]] - [[1987]]: [[Dr. Garret FitzGerald]] resigns as leader of [[Fine Gael]]. Succeeded by [[Alan Dukes]]
*[[March 13]] - [[1979]]: Ireland joins new [[European Monetary System]] (EMS)
*[[March 14]] - [[1973]]: First meeting of the [[20th Dáil]]
**[[1991]] - [[Birmingham Six]] freed
*[[March 17]] - [[Saint Patrick's Day]] (public holiday), and for Irish Roman Catholics, a [[Holy Day of Obligation]]
**[[1799]] and [[1940]] - [[Palm Sunday]] and St. Patrick's Day fall on same date - "the palm and the [[shamrock]] worn together".
*[[March 18]] - [[1899]]: Ireland wins Rugby Triple Crown for 2nd time
**[[1986]] - Honorary [[Irish citizenship]] conferred on [[Tip O'Neill]], [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives]]
*[[March 19]] - [[1921]]: An IRA column escaped from British troops at the [[Crossbarry Ambush]]
*[[March 20]] - [[1920]] assassination by the British of [[Thomas McCurtain]], [[Lord Mayor of Cork]]
**[[1957]]: first meeting of the [[16th Dáil]]
**[[1964]] - death of [[Brendan Behan]], poet, novelist and playwright
*[[March 21]] - [[1978]] death of [[Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh]] former [[President of Ireland]]
*[[March 22]] - [[1987]] Launch of Irish [[National Lottery]]
*[[March 23]] - [[1971]]: [[Brian Faulkner]] elected PM of Northern Ireland
*[[March 24]] - Feast of [[Saint Macartan]], patron of the [[Diocese of Clogher]]
**[[1909]]: death of [[John Millington Synge]]
**[[1972]]: Brian Faulkner resigns as PM of Northern Ireland
**[[William Whitelaw]] appointed as [[Secretary of State for Northern Ireland]]
*[[March 25]] - One of the four [[Irish Quarter days]]
*[[March 26]] - [[1931]] death of [[Timothy Michael Healy]], first [[Governor-General of the Irish Free State]]
**[[1932]] death of [[Sir Horace Plunkett]]
*[[March 28]] - [[1985]] [[Gaisce]], (The President's Awards]], created
**[[2002]] - [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up the [[Morris Tribunal]] to investigate complaints against some [[Garda Síochána|Gardaí]] in the Donegal Division
*[[March 29]] - [[1859]]: first issue of [[The Irish Times]]
**[[2004]]: [[Smoking ban]] in all work places introduced in Ireland
*[[March 30]] - [[1979]]: Ireland announces ending of one-for-one parity with [[sterling]].
*[[March 31]] - [[1931]] death of [[Baron Glenavy|Lord Glenavy, (Sir James Henry Mussen Campbell)]], lawyer, [[Lord Chancellor of Ireland]] 1918-1921, [[Cathaoirleach]] of the [[1922 Seanad]] and of the [[1925 Seanad]]
**[[1976]]: The "[[Sallins Train Robbery]]"
''The last days of March and the first three days of April are known as [[The Old Cows Days/The Days of the Brindled Cow]] or, in the [[Irish language]], '''Laethanta na Riabhaí.''' ''
====April - '''Aibreán'''====
*[[April 1]] - [[April Fool's Day]] - ''Lá na nAmadán''
**[[1922]] - executive powers transferred from UK Government to Irish Provisional Government, thereby achieving executive independence for the 26 counties
**[[1943]] - creation of the Office of [[Chief Herald of Ireland]] to replace [[Ulster King of Arms]] approved by [[Government of Ireland]]
**[[1966]] - death of [[Brian O'Nolan]] aka Flann O'Brien and Myles na Gopaleen, writer and satirist
*April - [[1914]]: [[Cumann na mBan]] founded
*[[April 4]] - [[1900]] [[Queen Victoria]] begins her last visit to Ireland
**[[1774]]: death of [[Oliver Goldsmith]]
*[[April 6]] - [[1926]] birth of [[Ian Paisley]], current leader of [[Democratic Unionist Party]]
*[[April 7]] - [[1720]] - Passing of the [[Declaratory Act 1720]]
*[[April 8]] - [[William Ewart Gladstone|Gladstone]] introduces first [[Home Rule]] bill.
*[[April 10]] - [[1966]]: Commemoration of 50th anniversary of [[Easter Rising]] begins
**[[1998]], [[Good Friday Agreement]], signed in [[Belfast]].
*[[April 11]] - [[1912]] - [[RMS Titanic]] leaves [[Cobh]], [[County Cork]] on ill-fated maiden voyage
**[[1951]]: Dr [[Noel Browne]], resigns as Minister for Health over [[Mother and Child Scheme]] controversy
**[[1966]] - opening of the [[Garden of Remembrance (Dublin)]]
**[[1971]] - [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] lifts ban on the playing of "foreign games"
*[[April 13]] - [[1742]]: world premiere of [[Handel]]'s [[Messiah]] in Dublin
**[[1829]] - [[Catholic Emancipation]] achieved
**[[1906]]: birth of [[Samuel Beckett]], Good Friday
**[[1992]]: celebrations to mark 250th anniversary of world premiere in Dublin of [[Handel]]'s [[Messiah]]
*[[April 14]] - [[1983]] inaugural meeting od [[Aosdána]] in [[The Old Parliament House]], Dublin
*[[April 15]] -[[1941]] beginning of the [[Belfast Blitz]]
*[[April 16]] - [[1871]]: birth of [[John Millington Synge]]
**[[2006]] - [[Easter Sunday]], commemoration of the 90th Anniversary of the 1916 Rising
*[[April 17]] - [[1783]]: British [[Renunciation Act]] recognises Irish legislative independence
**[[1965]] - [[Irish general election, 1965]] for the [[18th Dáil]]
**[[1969]] - election of [[Bernadette Devlin]] to the [[British House of Commons]]
**[[2002]] - [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up the [[Barr Tribunal]] to investigate the fatal shooting of [[John Carthy]]
*[[April 18]] - Feast of [[Saint Laserian]], patron of Leighlin [[Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin (Roman Catholic)|Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin]].
**[[1949]] - The [[Republic of Ireland Act]] comes into force.
*[[April 19]] - [[1875]]: [[Charles Stewart Parnell]] elected [[Member of Parliament|MP]] for [[Meath]]
*[[April 20]] - [[1912]]: death of [[Bram Stoker]]
**[[1954]] - [[Michael Manning (carter)|Michael Manning]] becomes the last person to be executed in Irelandin [[Mountjoy Prison]]
**[[1981]] - [[Bobby Sands]] elected [[Sinn Féin]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]], while on hunger strike
*[[April 21]] - [[1916]]: [[Roger Casement]] lands at [[Banna Strand]]
**[[1965]] - First meeting of the [[18th Dáil]]
*[[April 22]] - [[1996]] death of [[Molly Keane]], novelist and playwright
*[[April 23]] - [[1014]]: [[Battle of Clontarf]] and death of [[Brian Boru]], [[High King of Ireland]] on Good Friday
**[[1831]] - Creation of the Diocese of Galway
*[[April 24]] - [[1916]]: Start of the [[Easter Rising]] and the reading of The [[Proclamation of the Irish Republic]].
*[[April 25]] - [[1882]]: [[Kilmainham Treaty]] signed by [[Charles Stewart Parnell]] and British Government
**[[1992]] - death of Dublin-born [[Francis Bacon (painter)]]
*[[April 26]] - [[1916]] - [[Martial law]] declared in Dublin bey the British as a consequence of the [[Easter Rising]]
**[[1950]] death of The [[McGillycuddy of the Reeks]], one of the [[Chiefs of the Name]] and a former member of the [[Seanad]]
**[[1990]]: [[Irish Labour Party]] selects [[Mary Robinson]] as presidential candidate
*[[April 27]] - [[1653]]: The last major body of Irish Catholic troops under Phillip O'Reilly surrender to the [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]] at Cloughoughter in Cavan. End of the [[Irish Confederate Wars]] (begun 1641).
**[[1953]] death of [[Maud Gonne]]
*[[April 28]] - [[1958]]: [[Aer Lingus]] service to North America inaugurated
**[[1969]] - [[Terence O'Neill]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]]
*[[April 29]] - [[1916]]: Easter Rising ends with surrender
*[[April 30]] - [[1994]]: First performance of [[Riverdance]] at [[Eurovision Song Contest]]
===Summer - '''An Samhradh''' (May, June and July)===
====May - '''Bealtaine'''====
''The first Monday in May is a public holiday.''
*[[May 1]] - [[Beltane]] and Lá Bealtaine, the first day of [[Summer]]
**[[1316]] - [[Edward Bruce]] crowned [[King of Ireland]] near [[Dundalk]]
**[[1943]] - Sir [[Basil Brooke]], becomes [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]]
**[[1969]] - Major [[James Chichester-Clark]] becomes Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
**[[1980]] - [[Derrynaflan Chalice]] found in Tipperary bog
**[[2004]] - Ireland, holder of the [[Presidency of the Council of the European Union]], hosts a Day of Welcomes for the ten [[Treaty of Accession 2003|accession states]].
*[[May 2]] - [[1872]]: [[St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin]] becomes the National Cathedral of the [[Church of Ireland]]
**[[1984]] - Report of the [[New Ireland Forum]] published
**[[1969]] - [[James Chichester-Clark]] becomes [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]]
*[[May 3]] - Feast of [[Saint Conleth]], patron of Kildare [[Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin]]
**[[1785]]: first meeting of the [[Royal Irish Academy]]
**[[1916]] - executions of the leaders of the [[Easter Rising]] by the British begin - [[Pádraig Pearse]], [[Tomás MacDonagh]] and [[Thomas J. Clarke]]
**[[1933]] - [[Oath of Allegiance (Ireland)]] to King abolished in Irish Free State
*[[May 4]] - Leaders of the Easter Rising, [[Joseph Plunkett]], [[Michael O'Hanrahan]], [[Edward Daly]] and [[Willie Pearse]] executed
*[[May 5]] - [[1916]] - Easter Rising leader [[John McBride]] executed by the British
**[[1949]]: Ireland one of ten founder members of [[Council of Europe]] with HQ is [[Strasbourg]]
**[[1981]] - death of [[Bobby Sands]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]] while on [[hunger strike]]
*[[May 6]] - [[1074]]: death of [[Dúnán]], first bishop of Dublin
**[[1882]] - the [[Phoenix Park Murders]] carried ot in Dublin
**[[1970]]: the [[Arms Crisis]] - [[Charles Haughey]] and [[Neil Blaney]] dismissed from [[Government of Ireland]]
*[[May 7]] - [[1915]]: ''[[Lusitania (ship)|Lusitania]]'' sunk off [[Old Head of Kinsale]]
**[[1931]] - [[An Óige]] (Irish Youth Hostel Association) founded
**[[1969]] - tax exemptions for artists announced by [[Charles Haughey]], [[Minister for Finance]]
**[[1992]] - [[Bishop]] [[Eamon Casey]] of Galway resigns after newspapers reveal he is the father of a teenage son
*[[May 8]] - [[1916]] Easter Rising leaders [[Eamon Ceannt]], [[Con Colbert]], [[Michael Mallin]] and [[Seán Heuston]] executed by the British
*[[May 10]] - [[1972]], [[Third Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (EU membership)
*[[May 11]] - [[1967]]: Ireland applies to join [[European Economic Community]]
**[[1971]] - death of [[Seán Lemass]], former [[Taoiseach]]
*[[May 12]] - [[1916]] execution of Easter Rising leaders [[Seán MacDiarmada]] and [[James Connolly]] by the British
*[[May 13]] - [[653]] (Pentecost Sunday): Monastery founded on [[Iona]] by [[Saint Columcille]]
*[[May 14]] - Feast of Saint [[Mochuda]] (Carthage), patron of Lismore [[Diocese of Waterford and Lismore]]
**[[1660]] - Following [[English Restoration|restoration]] of monarchy in England, [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] proclaimed [[King of Ireland]] in Dublin.
*[[May 15]] - [[1847]]: death of [[Daniel O'Connell]] at [[Genoa]]
**[[1971]] death of Sir [[Tyrone Guthrie]]
*[[May 16]] - Feast of [[Saint Brendan]], patron of the [[Diocese of Clonfert]]
**[[1945]] - [[Éamon de Valera]] and Churchill clash on radio over Ireland's wartime neutrality
**[[1926]] - [[Fianna Fáil]] party founded
*[[May 17]] - [[2002]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[29th Dáil]]
*[[May 18]] - [[1939]] - the [[Earl of Iveagh]] presents his Dublin townhouse, [[Iveagh House]] to the people of Ireland - it becomes the headquarters of the [[Department of Foreign Affairs]]
**[[May 18]] [[2006]] -Death of Michael O'Riordan. Former General Secretary of the Communist Party of Ireland and fighter in the Spanish Anti-Fascist fighter in 1936-1939 War.
**[[1954]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[15th Dáil]]
*[[May 19]] - [[1870]]: [[Home Rule]] movement founded by [[Isaac Butt]] in Dublin.
*[[May 21]] - [[1799]]: Bill of Union (later the [[Act of Union 1800|Act of Union]]) introduced in [[Irish House of Commons]]
**[[May 22]] - [[1932]] death of [[Augusta, Lady Gregory]]
**[[1998]]: [[Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], the Amsterdam Treaty.
**[[1998]] -[[Referendum]]s held in both [[Republic of Ireland]] and [[Northern Ireland]] to ratify the [[Good Friday Agreement]], (the [[Nineteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]])
*[[May 24]] - [[1487]]: [[Lambert Simnel]] crowned "Edward VI of England" in [[Dublin]].
**[[1798]] - [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]] begins
**[[1921]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[Second Dáil]]
**[[1923]]: End of the [[Irish Civil War]]. [[Frank Aiken]] issues a general order to the anti-treaty forces to "dump arms".
*[[May 25]] - [[1914]]: Third [[Home Rule]] bill passed by British Parliament
**[[1995]] - Last editions of the [[Irish Press]] and [[Evening Press]] newspapers
*[[May 26]] - [[1972]]: [[Special Criminal Court]] established in RoI
**[[1987]] - [[Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]]- the Single European Act
**[[1994]] - [[Jack Charlton]] made a Freeman of Dublin City]]
*[[May 30]] - death of [[Michael Davitt]] land reform camoaigner
**[[1941]]: Enactment of [[Second Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]].
**[[1944]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[12th Dáil]]
**[[1951]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[14th Dáil]]
**[[1983]] - first meeting in [[Dublin Castle]] of the [[New Ireland Forum]]
**[[1986]] - official opening of [[Knock Airport]]
*[[May 31]] - [[1911]]: [[RMS Titanic]] launched in [[Belfast]]
**[[1941]]: [[Luftwaffe]] bombs Dublin
**[[1970]] - death of [[Arkle]], winner of the [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]] on three consecutive occasions
**[[1995]] - The [[Prince of Wales]] pays first official visit to Dublin
====June - '''Meitheamh'''====
''The first Monday in June is a public holiday.''
*[[June 2]] - [[1954]] - First meeting of the [[15th Dáil]]
**[[1990]] - death of [[Terence O'Neill]] former [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]]
*[[June 3]] - Feast of [[Kevin of Glendalough|St. Kevin]] (Abbot of [[Glendalough]]) and patron of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin|Archdiocese of Dublin]],
*[[June 4]] - [[1798]]: death of [[Lord Edward Fitzgerald]]
**[[1984]] - President of the United States [[Ronald Reagan]] addresses joint session of Houses of the [[Oireachtas]] in Dublin
*[[June 5]] - [[1798]]: [[Battle of New Ross 1798|Battle of New Ross]]
*[[June 6]] - Feast of [[St. Jarlath]] patron of the [[Archdiocese of Tuam]]
**[[1997]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[28th Dáil]]
**[[2002]] - First meeting of the [[29th Dáil]]
*[[June 7]] - [[1921]]: first meeting of [[House of Commons of Northern Ireland]]
**[[1979]] - Ireland participates in the first direct elections to the [[European Parliament]]
**[[2001]] - [[Twenty-first Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (abolition of the death penalty)
**[[2001]] - [[Twenty-third Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (International Criminal Court)
*[[June 8]] - First [[Home Rule]] bill defeated
*[[June 9]] - Feast of [[Columba|Saint Columcille]] (Secondary Patron of Ireland)
**[[1549]] - [[Book of Common Prayer]] ordered to be used in Ireland
**[[1927]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[5th Dáil]]
**[[1944]] - First meeting of the [[12th Dáil]]
*[[June 11]] - [[1999]]: [[Twentieth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Local Government)
**[[2004]]: [[Twenty-seventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (citizenship)
*[[June 10]] - [[1642]]: first regularly constituted [[presbytery (church polity)|presbytery]] meets in [[Carrickfergus]].
**[[2000]] death of [[Frank Patterson]], tenor
*[[June 11]] - [[1981]]: [[Irish general election]] for the [[22nd Dáil]]
*[[June 12]] - [[1997]]: [[Mary Robinson]] appointed [[UN High Commissioner for Human Rights]]
*[[June 13]] - [[1713]]: [[Jonathan Swift]] installed as [[dean (education)|Dean]] of [[St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin]].
**[[1865]]: birth of [[William Butler Yeats]]
**[[1951]] - First meeting of the [[14th Dáil]]
*[[June 14]] - [[1939]]: First of the [[Offences against the State Acts 1939-1998]] passed
**[[1884]] - [[Ninth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (voting rights)
*[[June 15]] - [[1919]] first non-stop trans-Atlantic flight by [[Alcock and Brown]] lands near [[Clifden]], [[Connemara]]
*[[1989]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[26th Dáil]]
*[[June 16]] - [[Bloomsday]]
*[[June 16]] - [[1922]]: Elections held for [[Third Dáil]]
**[[1977]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[21st Dáil]]
*[[June 17]] - [[1938]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[10th Dáil]]
*[[June 18]] - [[1541]]: [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] declared [[King of Ireland]] by Irish Parliament.
**[[1969]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[19th Dáil]]
**[[1992]]: [[Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (the Maastricht Treaty)
*[[June 19]] - [[1940]] establishment o the [[Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies]]
*[[June 20]] - [[1763]]: birth of [[Wolfe Tone]]
**[[1990]] - IR£1 [[Irish pound|punt]] coin replaces one-punt note
*[[June 21]] - [[1798]]: 15,000 British troops disperse rebel army at [[Battle of Vinegar Hill]] and Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford, during [[Irish Rebellion of 1798|1798 Rebellion]]
*[[June 22]] - [[1866]]: creation of first Irish [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], [[Paul Cullen]], [[Archbishop of Dublin (Roman Catholic)|Archbishop of Dublin]].
**[[1932]] opening of the 31st [[Eucharistic Congress]] in Dublin
*[[June 23]] - [[St. John's Eve]] / [[Bonfire Night]] / ''Lá Fhéile Eoin''
**[[1927]] - First meeting of the [[5th Dáil]]
**[[1929]] end of celebrations marking centenary of [[Catholic Emancipation]]
**[[1943]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[11th Dáil]]
**[[1998]] death of [[Maureen O'Sullivan]], actress
*[[June 24]] - One of the four [[Irish Quarter days]]
**[[1828]] - [[Daniel O'Connell]] elected [[Member of Parliament|MP]] in [[County Clare|Clare]] [[by-election]]
*[[June 25]] - [[1731]]: [[Royal Dublin Society]] founded.
**[[1891]] - [[Charles Stewart Parnell]] marries [[Kitty O'Shea]]
**[[1938]] - [[Douglas Hyde]] inaugurated as [[President of Ireland]]
**[[1945]] - [[Seán T. O'Kelly]] inaugurated as President of Ireland
**[[1952]] - Seán T. O'Kelly inaugurated for second term as President of Ireland.
**[[1959]] - [[Éamon de Valera]] inaugurated as President of Ireland.
**[[1966]] - Éamon de Valera inaugurated for second term as President of Ireland.
**[[1970]] - Roman Catholic bishops announce end of ban on RC attendance at [[Trinity College, Dublin]]
**[[1973]] - [[Erskine Hamilton Childers]] inaugurated as President of Ireland.
*[[June 26]] - [[1963]]: [[John F. Kennedy]] begins state visit to Ireland
**[[1996]] - Journalist [[Veronica Guerin]] murdered in Dublin
**[[1997]] - First meeting of the [[28th Dáil]]
*[[June 27]] - [[1939]] death of [[Tom Crean]], Arctic explorer
*[[June 28]] - [[1922]]: [[Irish Civil War]] begins when [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]] bombards the [[Four Courts]] in Dublin
**[[1963]] - U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]] addresses joint session of Houses of the [[Oireachtas]] in Dublin
*[[June 29]] - [[1315]]: [[Edward Bruce]] inaugurated as [[High King of Ireland]]
**[[1989]] - First meeting of the [[26th Dáil]]
*[[June 30]] - [[1938]]: First meeting of the [[10th Dáil]]
**[[1981]] - First meeting of the [[22nd Dáil]]
====July - '''Iúil'''====
*[[July 1]] - [[1937]]: [[Constitution of Ireland]] ([[Bunreacht na hÉireann]]), enacted by [[plebiscite]].
**[[1937]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[9th Dáil]]
**[[1943]]: First meeting of the [[11th Dáil]]
**[[2006]] - Commemoration in [[Dublin]] of the 90th Anniversary of the Battle of the Somme
**[[1979]] - Ireland assumes second [[Presidency of the Council of the European Union]]
**[[1984]] - Ireland assumes third Presidency of the Council of the European Union
**[[1996]] - Ireland assumes fifth Presidency of the Council of the European Union (see Jan. 1)
*[[July 2]] - [[1939]]: First meeting of the [[19th Dáil]]
**[[1990]] - [[Nelson Mandela]] addresses joint session of the [[Oireachtas]]
**[[2000]] - death of [[Joey Dunlop]], motorcycle racer
*[[July 5]] - [[1977]]: First meeting of the [[21st Dáil]]
**[[1979]] - [[Sixth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Adoption)
**[[1979]] - [[Seventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], ([[Seanad]] reform)
*[[July 6]] - [[1907]]: theft of [[Irish Crown Jewels]] from [[Dublin Castle]] discovered
**[[1962]]: - first transmission of [[The Late Late Show]] on [[RTÉ]]
*[[July 8]] - [[689]]: Martyrdom of [[St Kilian]] at [[Würzburg]]
**[[1911]] - [[George V of the United Kingdom|King George V]] opens the College of Science, now [[Government Buildings]] in Dublin
*[[July 10]] - [[1927]]: assassination of [[Kevin O'Higgins]] [[Minister for Justice]]
**[[2000]] - death of [[Denis O'Conor Don]], aged 88 - succeeded by his son, Desmond as The [[O'Conor Don]] and one of the [[Chiefs of the Name]]
*[[July 11]] - Feast of St [[Oliver Plunkett]]
**[[1921]]: Truce signed in the [[Irish War of Independence]]
**[[1929]] restored [[General Post Office]], Dublin, opened by President [[W. T. Cosgrave]]
**''[[National Day of Commemoration]] held on the nearest Sunday to July 11.''
*[[July 12]] - a public holiday in [[Northern Ireland]]
**[[1690]]: [[Battle of the Boyne]]
**[[1691]]: [[Battle of Aughrim]]
**[[1949]]: death of [[Douglas Hyde]]
*[[July 15]] - [[1927]] death of [[Countess Markievicz]]
**[[1948]]: [[An Taisce]], the National Trust for Ireland, set up
*[[July 17]] - [[1935]] death of [[George William Russell]], [[AE]]
*[[July 18]] - [[1872]] introduction of the [[secret ballot]]
**[[1951]] - [[Abbey Theatre]] destroyed by fire
**[[1966]] - reopening of new Abbey Theatre
**[[1988]] - [[Nelson Mandela]] awarded Freedom of Dublin
*[[July 21]] - [[1937]]: First meeting of the [[9th Dáil]]
**[[1976]]: assassination of [[Christopher Ewart-Biggs]] British ambassador to Ireland
*[[July 22]] - [[1902]] death of Archbishop [[Thomas Croke]], first pPatron of the [[Gaelic Athletic Association]]
**[[1929]] opening of the [[Ardnacrusha]] hydro-electric station
*[[July 23]] - [[1693]]: death of [[Patrick Sarsfield]], at [[Battle of Landen]]
**[[1803]] - start of rebellion led by [[Robert Emmet]]
*[[July 24]] - Feast of Saint [[Declan]]
**[[1943]] - [[Edward McLysaght]] appointed first [[Chief Herald of Ireland]] (see April 1)
*[[July 26]] - [[1856]]: birth of [[George Bernard Shaw]]
**[[1869]] - [[Irish Church Disestablishment Act 1869|Act disestablishing the Church of Ireland]] passed
**[[1987]] - [[Stephen Roche]] wins [[Tour de France]]
**[[1994]] - The Irish [[Minister for Education]], [[Niamh Bhreathnach]], announces the introduction of free third-level (University etc) education.
*[[July 27]] - [[1782]] - [[Poyning's Law]] amended
*[[July 31]] - [[1917]]: death of [[Francis Ledwidge]]
*''[[Garland Sunday]] (last Sunday of month)''
===Autumn - '''An Fómhar''' (August, September and October)===
====August - '''Lúnasa'''====
''The first Monday in August is a public holiday.''
*[[August 1]] - [[Lughnasadh]]/Lá Lúnasa, the first day of [[Autumn]]
**[[1908]] - [[Irish Universities Act]] setting up the [[National University of Ireland]] passed
**[[1915]] [[Padraig Pearse]] delivers oration at grave of [[Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa|O'Donovan Rossa]]
*[[August 2]] - [[1799]]: pre-union [[Irish Parliament]] meets for last time
**[[1907]] - [[Ne temere]] decree on mixed marriages issued by [[Holy See|Vatican]]
*[[August 3]] - [[1916]]: execution of Sir Roger Casement at [[Pentonville Prison]] for his role in the [[Easter Rising]] of [[1916]].
*[[August 5]] - [[1847]]: funeral in Dublin of [[Daniel O'Connell]]
**[[1956]] - death of [[John Miller Andrews]], second [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland]]
*[[August 8]] - [[1923]]: Act to establish [[Garda Síochána]] passed
*[[August 9]] - Feast of [[Saint Felim]] and [[Saint Nathy]]
*[[August 10]] - [[1636]]: compilation of the [[Annals of the Four Masters]] completed.
*[[August 11]] - [[1927]]: [[Fianna Fáil]] [[Teachta Dála|TD]]s take seats in [[Dáil Éireann]]
*[[August 12]] - [[1922]]: death of [[Arthur Griffith]]
*[[August 14]] - [[1903]]: [[Wyndham]] [[Irish Land Acts]] passed
**[[1958]] - [[KLM Flight 607-E]] crashes off Irish coast
*[[August 15]] - Feast of The [[Assumption of Mary]]
**for Irish Roman Catholics, a [[Holy Day of Obligation]]
**[[1649]]: [[Oliver Cromwell]] arrives in Dublin and begin the [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]].
**[[1965]] - [[Galway Cathedral]] consecrated by [[Richard Cardinal Cushing]], [[Archbishop of Boston]] and [[Papal Legate]].
**[[1998]]: [[Omagh bombing]] occurs in Northern Ireland
*[[August 16]] - [[1921]]: First meeting of [[Second Dáil]]
**[[1982]] - [[GUBU]]
*[[August 19]] - [[1504]]: [[Battle of Knockdoe]]
**[[1887]]: birth of [[Francis Ledwidge]]
*[[August 21]] - [[1970]]: [[Social Democratic and Labour Party]]-SDLP founded
*[[August 26]] - [[1921]]: [[Éamon de Valera]] elected [[President of the Irish Republic]]
*[[August 22]] - [[1922]]: death of [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]]
*[[August 23]] - [[1170]]: [[Richard de Clare]], Strongbow, lands near [[Waterford]].
*[[August 24]] - [[1958]] - death of [[Paul Henry]], landscape artist
**[[1990]]: [[Brian Keenan]] released after 1574 days captivity in [[Beirut]]
*[[August 25]] - [[1170]]: Strongbow marries [[Aoife]], daughter of [[Diarmuid MacMorrough]] the [[King of Leinster]].
*[[August 27]] - [[1923]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[4th Dáil]]
**[[1979]]: [[Lord Mountbatten]] killed in [[Irish Republican Army|IRA]] assassination in County [[Sligo]]
*[[August 29]] - [[1890]]: [[National Museum of Ireland]] and [[National Gallery of Ireland]] opened.
**[[1946]] - [[George Bernard Shaw]] awarde the [[Freedom of the City]] of Dublin
**[[1975]]: death of [[Éamon de Valera]].
*[[August 30]] - Feast of St. [[Fiacre]] (Fiachra)
*[[August 31]] - [[1994]]: [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|IRA]] declares complete cessation of all military operations
====September - '''Meán Fómhair'''====
*[[September 1]] - [[1737]]: first issue of [[Belfast News Letter]].
*[[September 2]] - [[1939]]: Enactment of [[First Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]].
**Ireland declares [[Neutral country|neutrality]] in [[World War II]]
*[[September 4]] - [[1607]]: the [[Flight of the Earls]].
*[[September 5]] - [[1931]]: first issue of ''[[The Irish Press]]'' newspaper
**[[1954]] - 27 people die when [[KLM Flight 633]] crashes two minutes after taking off from [[Shannon Airport]]
*[[September 7]] - [[1948]]: [[John A. Costello]] announces his intention of declaring Ireland a republic in [[Ottawa]]
**[[1983]] - [[Eighth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Abortion)
*[[September 9]] - Feast of [[St. Kieran]] of [[Clonmacnoise]]
**[[1893]] - Second [[Home Rule]] bill defeated in [[House of Lords]]
**[[1922]]: First meeting of [[Third Dáil]]
**[[1981]]: [[The National Concert Hall]] in Dublin officially opened
*[[September 10]] - [[1923]]: [[Irish Free State]] joins [[League of Nations]]
*[[September 11]] - [[Drogheda]] captured by [[Oliver Cromwell]]
**[[1997]] - [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up the [[Moriarty Tribunal]] to further investigate alleged payments by [[Dunnes Stores]]
*[[September 12]] - [[1997]] - [[Mary Robinson]] resigns as [[President of Ireland]]
*[[September 14]] - Feast of the [[Exaltation of the Holy Cross]] ''(the following Wednesday, Friday and Saturday were observed as [[Quarter tense]])''
**[[1947]] - [[All-Ireland Football Final]] played at the [[Polo Grounds]], New York
*[[September 15]] - [[1927]] [[Irish general election]] for the [[6th Dáil]]
*[[September 16]] - [[1925]] birth of [[Charles Haughey]]
**[[1945]] death of Count [[John McCormack]]
**[[1961]]: [[Hurricane Debbie]] hits Ireland.
*[[September 18]] - [[1914]]: Third [[Home Rule]] bill receives [[Royal Assent]] but its implementation is suspended.
**[[1964]] - death of [[Seán O'Casey]], dramatist
*[[September 19]] - [[1923]]: First meeting of the [[4th Dáil]]
*[[September 20]] - [[1803]]: death of [[Robert Emmet]]
**[[1998]] - [[TV3 Ireland|TV3]], Ireland's fourth national television network, begins programming at 5:30 p.m.
*[[September 22]] - [[1957]] death of [[Oliver St. John Gogarty]], physician, poet, senator,.
*[[September 23]] - [[1976]] - [[Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh]], [[President of Ireland]] consults with [[Council of State (Ireland)]] on whether to refer Emergency legislation to the Supreme Court
*[[September 25]] - Feast of [[Finbarr|St. Finbarr]]
*[[September 26]] - [[Éamon de Valera]] makes inaugural speech as Chairman of the [[League of Nations]]
*[[September 28]] - [[1484]]: creation of the [[Wardenship of Galway]]
**[[1912]]: [[Solemn League and Covenant]] signed throughout [[Ulster]]
*[[September 29]] - One of the four [[Irish Quarter days]]
**[[1979]]: [[Pope John Paul II]] begins historic three-day visit to Ireland
====October - '''Deireadh Fómhair'''====
''The last Monday in October is a public holiday.''
*[[October 1]] - [[1911]] monument to [[Charles Stewart Parnell]] unveiled in Upper Sackville Street now [[O'Connell Street]], Dublin
*[[October 2]] - [[1957]] launch of [[VHI]]
*[[October 3]] - [[1691]]: [[Treaty of Limerick]] signed.
**[[1971]] - death of [[Seán Ó Riada]], composer and traditional musician
**[[1975]] - kidnapping of [[Tiede Herrema]]
*[[October 4]] - [[1961]] - [[Irish general election]] for the [[17th Dáil]]
*[[October 5]] - [[1582]]: as a consequence of the introduction of the [[Gregorian calendar]], Oct.5, - Oct.14, not included in calendar for 1582
**[[1731]] First meeting in the new [[Irish Houses of Parliament]] of the [[Parliament of Ireland]]
**[[1871]]: [[Fenian]] invasion of Canada.
*[[October 6]] - [[1175]]: [[Treaty of Windsor]] signed
**[[1891]] - death of [[Charles Stewart Parnell]] in Brighton.
*[[October 7]] - [[1927]] death of [[Edward Guinness, 1st Earl of Iveagh]], owner of [[Farmleigh]] and the grandson of [[Arthur Guinness]]
**[[1997]] - [[Dáil]] resolution passed setting up [[The Mahon Tribunal]] to investigate certain Planning Matters
*[[October 11]] - Feast of [[St. Canice]]
**[[1922]]: [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]] negotiations begin at [[Downing Street]], [[London]]
**[[1927]]: First meeting of the [[6th Dáil]]
**[[1961]]: First meeting of the [[17th Dáil]]
*[[October 12]] - [[1975]] canonisation of [[Oliver Plunkett]] in Rome
*[[October 13]] - [[2006]] - [[St Andrews Agreement]]
*[[October 14]] - [[1882]]: birth of [[Éamon de Valera]]
**[[1318]] - death of [[Edward Bruce]] at [[Battle of Faughart]]
**[[2001]] - Re-interment and [[state funeral]] for [[War of Independence]] volunteer [[Kevin Barry]] and nine other volunteers, executed by the British between 1919 and 1921
*[[October 15]] - [[1945]] death of [[Eoin MacNeill]]
*[[October 16]] - Feast of [[St. Gall]]
**[[1854]]: birth of [[Oscar Wilde]]
**[[1890]]: birth of [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]]
*[[October 19]] - [[1745]]: death of [[Jonathan Swift]]
**[[2002]] - [[Twenty-sixth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], ([[Treaty of Nice]])
*[[October 20]] - [[1999]] death of [[Jack Lynch]], former [[Taoiseach]]
*[[October 22]] - [[1935]] death of [[Edward Carson]], unionist leader
**[[1976]]: [[Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh]] resigns as [[President of Ireland]].
*[[October 23]] - [[1641]]: [[Irish Rebellion of 1641]] begins when [[Phelim O'Neill]] takes several towns and forts in Ulster.
*[[October 25]] - [[1920]]: [[Terence MacSwiney]], [[Lord Mayor of Cork]], dies on 74th day of [[hunger strike]]
*[[October 27]] - [[1976]]: new IR£5 note issued bearing image of mediaeval Irish philosopher, [[Johannes Scotus Eriugena]]
*[[October 29]] - Feast of [[St. Colman]] of [[Kilmacduagh]]
*[[October 30]] - [[1963]] - death of [[Domhnall Ua Buachalla]], last [[Governor-General of the Irish Free State]]
**[[1997]] - [[Seventeenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland]], (Cabinet confidentiality)
*[[October 31]] - [[Halloween]]/[[Samhain]] Eve/Oíche Shamhna
**[[1996]] - [[TG4]],then Telefís na Gaeilge (TnaG), begins programming
==Calendar terms in Irish==
===Days of the week - ''Laethanta na Seachtaine''===
*Monday: '''An Luain''' or '''Dé Luain''' - Latin ''Lunae'', "of the Moon"
*Tuesday: '''An Mháirt''' or '''Dé Máirt''' - Latin ''Martis'', "of Mars"
*Wednesday: '''An Chéadaoin''' or '''Dé Céadaoin''' - Old Irish, "first fasting"
*Thursday: '''An Déardaoin''' or '''Déardaoin''' - Old Irish, "day between fastings"
*Friday: '''An Aoine''' or '''Dé hAoine''' - Old Irish, "fasting"
*Saturday: '''An Satharn''' or '''Dé Sathairn''' - Latin ''Saturni'', "of Saturn"
*Sunday: '''An Domhnach''' or '''Dé Domhnaigh''' - Latin ''Dominica'', "of the Lord"
===Seasons of the year - ''Ráithí na Bliana/Na Séasúir''===
*Spring: '''An tEarrach''' - Spring/Vernal [[Equinox]]: '''Lá Leathach an Earraigh'''
*Summer: '''An Samhradh''' - [[Summer Solstice]]: '''Grianstad an tSamhraidh'''
*Autumn: '''An Fómhar''' - Autumnal Equinox: '''Lá Leathach an Fhómhair'''
*Winter: '''An Gheimhreadh''' - [[Winter Solstice]]: '''Grianstad an Gheimhridh'''
===Religious seasons - ''Séasúir Creidimh''===
*Lent: '''An Carghas''' - Latin ''Quadragesima'', "fortieth"
*Easter: '''Cáisc''' - Latin ''Pascha'' (from Greek, from Aramaic, "passover")
*Advent: '''An Aidbhint''' - Latin ''Adventus'', "coming"
*Christmastide: '''Nollaig''' - Latin ''Natalicia'', "birthday celebration"
*Quarter Tense: '''Laethanta na gCeithre Thráth''', "the days of four times"
===Holidays and holy days - ''Féilte na Bliana''===
*Holiday: '''Lá Saoire'''
*Public Holiday: '''Saoire Poiblí'''
*Church Holyday: '''Lá Saoire Eaglaise'''
*Michaelmas Term: '''Téarma na Féile Mhicíl'''
*Hilary Term: '''Téarma na Féile Bríde'''
*Trinity Term: '''Téarma na Trionóide'''
*New Year's Eve: '''Oíche Chinn Bhliana'''
*New Year's Day: '''Lá Caille'''
*The Naming and Circumcision of Jesus: '''Ainmniú agus Timpeallghearradh Chríost'''
*Twelfth Night: '''Oíche Chinn an Dá Lá Dhéag'''
*Epiphany: '''Nollaig Bheag''' or '''Nollaig na mBan''' or '''An Eipifáine'''
*The Epiphany or Manifestation of Christ to the Gentiles: '''An Taispeáint nó Nochtadh Chríost do na Gintlithe'''
*The Baptism of Our Lord: '''Baiste ár dTiarna'''
*The Conversion of Saint Paul: '''Tiontú Naomh Pól'''
*St. Brigid's Day: '''Lá Fhéile Bríde''' or '''Lá Feabhra'''
*The Presentation of Christ in the Temple: '''Toirbhirt Chríost sa Teampall'''
*The Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary: '''Glanadh na Maighdine Beannaithe Muire'''
*Candlemas: '''Lá (Fhéile Muire) na gCoinneal'''
*St. Patrick's Day: '''Lá Fhéile Phádraig'''
*St. Joseph of Nazareth: '''Naomh Iosaef na Nasaire'''
*April Fools Day: '''Lá na nAmadáin'''
*St. John's Eve/Bonfire Night: '''Oíche Fhéile San Seáin'''
*Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary: '''Lá Fhéile Muire san Earrach''' or '''Lá Theachtaireacht an Aingil''' or '''Sanas na Maighdine Beannaithe Muire''' or '''Lá Fhéile Muire na Sanaise'''
*May Day: '''Lá Bealtaine'''
*The Visitation of the Blessed Virgin: '''Cuairt na Maighdine Beannaithe'''
*Assumption: '''Lá Fhéile Muire Mór (san Fhómhar)'''
*The Transfiguration of Our Lord: '''Athrú Cló ár dTiarna'''
*The Birth of the Blessed Virgin Mary: '''Breith na Maighdine Beannaithe Muire'''
*St. Michael and all Angels: '''Naomh Michíl agus na hAingil uile'''
*Hallowe'en: '''Oíche Shamhna'''
*1 Nov: '''Lá Samhna'''
*All Souls Day: '''Lá na Marbh'''
*Immaculate Conception: '''Giniúint Mhuire gan Smál'''
*Christmas Eve: '''Oíche na Nollag'''
*Christmas Day: '''Lá Nollag'''
*St. Stephen's Day: '''Lá Fhéile Stiofáin''' or '''Lá an Dreoilín'''
*Holy Innocents Day: '''Lá na Leanaí Neamhchiontacha'''
*St Mark the Evangelist: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Marcas Soiscéalaí'''
*Sts. Philip and James, Apostles: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Pilib agus Naomh Séamas, Aspail'''
*St. Mathias: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Maitias'''
*St. Peter: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Peadar'''
*St. Thomas: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Tomás'''
*St. James the Apostle: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Séamas Aspal'''
*St. Bartholemew: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Parthalán'''
*St. Luke the Evangelist: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Lúcás Soiscéalaí'''
*St. Matthew the Evangelist: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Matha Soiscéalaí'''
*St. John the Evangelist: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Eoin Soiscéalaí'''
*St. Andrews Day: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Aindreas'''
*Sts. Simon and Jude: '''Lá Fhéile Naomh Siomón agus Naomh Iúd'''
*St. Swithin's Day: '''Lá San Svaítín'''
===Movable feasts - ''Na Féilte Reatha''===
*Advent: '''An Aidbhint'''
*[[Ember Days]]: '''[[Laethanta na Cátaoireach]]''', (also called [[Quarter tense]]: '''Laethanta na gCeithre Thráth''')
*Rogation Days: '''Laethanta na hAichiní'''
*Days of Fast and Abstinence: '''Laethanta Troscaidh agus Tréanais'''
*Shrove Tuesday: '''Máirt na hInide'''
*Ash Wednesday: '''Céadaoin an Luaithrigh'''
*Lent: '''An Carghas'''
*Holy Week: '''Seachtain na Páise'''
*Palm Sunday: '''Domhnach na Pailme''' or '''Domhnach na hImrime'''
*Spy Wednesday: '''Céadaoin an Bhraith'''
*Holy (Maundy) Thursday: '''Déardaoin Mandála [na hAithne]'''
*Good Friday: '''Aoine an Chéasta'''
*Holy Saturday: '''Oíche Cásca'''
*Easter Sunday: '''Domhnach Cásca'''
*Easter Monday: '''Luan Cásca'''
*Ascension Thursday: '''Déardaoin Deascabhála'''
*Corpus Christi: '''Déardaoin Chorp Chríost'''
*Pentecost Sunday: '''Domhnach Cincíse'''
*Whit Monday: '''Luan Cincíse'''
*Trinity Sunday: '''Domhnach na Trionóide'''
[[Category:Specific calendars]]
[[Category:Irish culture|Calendar]]
[[Category:Irish language|Calendar]]
[[kw:Calans ywerdhonek]]