Islamic dietary laws
83945
225921479
2008-07-16T00:55:59Z
209.190.232.130
/* External links */
{{Refimprove|date=August 2007}}
{{Fiqh-Hyg}}
:''This is a sub-article to [[Hygiene in Islam]], [[Healthy diet]] and [[Food and cooking hygiene]].
'''Islamic dietary laws''' provide a set of rules as to what [[Muslims]] eat in their diet and other areas.
==Overview==
{{Disputed-section|date=March 2008}}
[[Islamic jurisprudence]] specifies which foods are '''[[halal|halāl]]''' (lawful) and which are '''[[haraam|harām]]''' (unlawful). This is based on rules found in the [[Qur'an]], the holy book of [[Islam]]. Other rules are added to these in [[fatwa]]s by [[Mujtahid]]s with various degrees of strictness, but they are not always held to be authoritative by all. According to the [[Quran]], the only foods explicitly forbidden are meat from animals that die of themselves, blood, the meat of pigs, and animals dedicated to other than God.([[Quran]] 5:3)
==Healthy diet==
A [[healthy diet]] is considered important in Islam, although what constitutes such might not be necessarily in consideration of Western standards. Some Muslim scholars consider an excess of eating is a sin due to an interpretation of the following verse in the Qur'an:
{{quote|''It is He Who produceth gardens, with trellises and without, and dates, and tilth with produce of all kinds, and olives and pomegranates, similar (in kind) and different (in variety): eat of their fruit in their season, but render the dues that are proper on the day that the harvest is gathered. '''But waste not by excess: for Allah loveth not the wasters.''''' ''(Qur'an 6:141)''}}
The following authentic [[hadith]] (saying of the Prophet) also states:
{{quote|''Man fills no vessel worse than his stomach. It is sufficient for the son of Adam to have a few mouthfuls to give him the strength he needs. If he has to fill his stomach, then let him leave '''one-third for food, one-third for drink''' and '''one-third for air.''' (Reported by al-Tirmidhi and Ibn Maajah. Saheeh al-Jaami’, 5674).
''}}
==Food and cooking hygiene==
[[Food and cooking hygiene]] is an important part of Islamic dietary laws. {{Fact|date=February 2007}}
===Zabihah: Islamic slaughter===
{{main|Zabihah}}
[[Zabihah]] is the prescribed method of ritual slaughter of all animals excluding fish and most sea-life per Islamic law. For such a method the animal must be slaughtered by a Muslim or by the [[People of the book|People of the Book]] ([[Christian]] or [[Jew]]), while mentioning the name of God ([[Allah]] in [[Arabic]]). According to some [[fatwa]]s, the animal must be slaughtered only by a [[Muslim]]. However, some different fatwas dispute this, and rule from the [[Qur'an]]ic position, according to verse 5:5 of the Qur'an, that an animal properly slaughtered by People of the Book (Jew or a Christian) is halāl. Thus, many observant Muslims will accept [[kosher|kosher meat]] if halāl options are not available. Other main references in Qur'an include 2:173, 5:3, 5:5, 5:90, 6:118, 6:145, 16:115.
If there is doubt to anything being regarded as halāl or haram, Muslims are generally advised to refrain from consumption until clarification or permissiveness is given by another Muslim learned in [[Fiqh]].
Animals for food may not be killed by being boiled or electrocuted, and the carcass should be hung upside down for long enough to be blood-free. Different rules apply to fish; for instance, fish with scales are always halāl, while it has been debated whether [[shellfish]] and scaleless fishes, such as [[catfish]], are halāl, haram or [[makru]] (prohibitively disliked).
=== Food certification ===
Due to the recent rise in Muslim populations in the United States and Europe, certain organizations have emerged that can certify [[Halal|halāl]] food products and ingredients for Muslim consumers. The [[Muslim Consumer Group]] is an example of an organization that places certification labels such as the [[H-MCG symbol]] to identify the halāl status of different edible and non-edible consumer products.
===Prohibited food===
Some animals and manners of death or preparation can make certain things [[haram]] to eat, that is, [[taboo food and drink]]. These include what are regarded as [[unclean animals]].
====Dead Animals====
In Islam, there is a prohibition against the eating of dead animals. According to Islamic [[Fiqh]] (Jurisprudence), this includes animals that die by drowning, fire, electrocution, trauma (e.g. "roadkill"), or by boiling while alive. (Permitted) animals must be killed by conscious slaughter or by hunting to allow (the most) blood to flow. The exceptions to these rules are generally creatures from the sea, which may die while in open air.
====Alcohol====<!-- This section is linked from [[Islam and alcohol]]. See [[WP:MOS#Section management]] -->
In Islam, [[alcoholic beverage]]s — or any intoxicant — is forbidden, but [[alcohol]] is allowed to be used for medical and other purposes, for example industrial and automotive use.
====Blood====
Eating or drinking [[blood]] and its by-products is forbidden.
====Carnivores====
Consumption of [[carnivore]]s is prohibited. However, [[piscivore|piscivorous]] animals (animals that consume only fish), are not considered carnivorous.<ref>{{muslim|21|4752}}</ref>
====Omnivores====
Consumption of [[omnivore]]s, such as [[pig]]s, [[monkey]]s, [[human]]s and [[dog]]s, is prohibited.
====Pork====
Pork and products made from pork are strictly forbidden from consumption and handling in Islam.
=====Gelatin=====
[[Gelatin]] made from [[porcine]] skin or bones, which makes up roughly 50% of the supply of gelatin on the market is forbidden.
Gelatin made from other animals, for example, fish, is acceptable. [[Kosher]] gelatin comes from certain fish to avoid the [[Kashrut]] prohibition against mixing meat (fish is not considered meat) and dairy in the same meal. Therefore, gelatin in food items certified as Kosher is halāl, as it is from fish. However, it is typical to use algal sources of thickeners, in the home or in commercial products, to ensure they are halāl.
==Other religions==
[[Comparison of Dhabiĥa Halal and kashrut]]
==See also==
*[[Halaal]]
*[[Difference between Halal and Dhabiha]]
*[[Dietary laws]]
*[[Muslim Consumer Group]] (MCG)
*[[Kashrut]]
*[[Hechsher]]
*[[A Comprehensive List of Halal Food Products in U.S. and Canadian Supermarkets]]
*[http://www.greenzabiha.com/zabiha.html Is conventional meat Halal/Zabiha? Green Zabiha]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*http://www.islamonline.com/cgi-bin/news_service/spot_full_story.asp?service_id=693
*[http://religion.atspace.com/Islamfood00table.htm Laws of Islam concerning food]
*[http://www.eathalal.ca/articles/haramlist.html List of probably / possibly Haram Ingredients]
{{Islam topics|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Diets]]
[[Category:Halaal food| ]]
[[Category:Sharia]]
[[ms:Hukum pemakanan Islam]]
[[ru:Пищевые запреты в исламе]]