Jersey 15693 224885168 2008-07-10T21:03:14Z Keith D 2278355 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 224865920 by [[Special:Contributions/Lehurays|Lehurays]] ([[User talk:Lehurays|talk]]) - advertising link {{other uses}} {{Infobox Country |native_name = Bailiwick of Jersey<br/>''Bailliage de Jersey'' |common_name = Jersey |image_flag = Flag of Jersey.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Jersey.svg |image_map = Uk map jersey.png |map_caption = {{map_caption|location_color=Dark Green}} |national_motto = |national_anthem = "[[God Save the Queen]]"&nbsp;<small>(official)</small><br/>"[[Ma Normandie]]" ("My Normandy")&nbsp;<small>(official for occasions when distinguishing anthem required)</small><br/>"[[Island Home]]" <small>(proposed new official anthem as of May 2008)</small> |official_languages = [[English language|English]], [[French language|French]] |regional_languages = [[Jèrriais]] |capital = [[Saint Helier]] |latd=49 |latm=11.401 |latNS=N |longd=2 |longm=06.600 |longEW=W |largest_city = capital |government_type = [[Parliamentary Democracy]], [[Constitutional Monarchy|Constitutional Kingdom]], [[Crown dependency]] |leader_title1 = Chief of state |leader_name1 = {{nowrap|[[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy]]}} |leader_title2 = [[Lieutenant Governor of Jersey|Lt. Governor]] |leader_name2 = Lt. Gen. [[Andrew Ridgway]] |leader_title3 = [[List of Bailiffs of Jersey|Bailiff]] |leader_name3 = Sir [[Philip Bailhache]] |leader_title4 = [[Chief Minister of Jersey|Chief Minister]] |leader_name4 = Senator [[Frank Walker (Jersey politician)|Frank Walker]] |area_rank = 219th |area_magnitude = 1 E8 |area_km2 = 116 |area_sq_mi = 45 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |percent_water = 0 |population_estimate = 90,800<sup>1</sup> |population_estimate_rank = 190th |population_estimate_year = Dec 2007 |population_density_km2 = 780<sup>1</sup> |population_density_sq_mi = 2,018 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |population_density_rank = 12th² |GDP_PPP = £3.6 billion <!--cia.gov--> |GDP_PPP_rank = 167th |GDP_PPP_year = 2003 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = £40,000 <small>(2003 estimate)</small> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 6th |sovereignty_type = Status |sovereignty_note = British [[Crown dependency]] |established_event1 = Separation from mainland&nbsp;Normandy |established_event2 = [[Liberation Day|Liberation]] from German&nbsp;occupation |established_date1 = <br/>1204 |established_date2 = <br/>[[9 May]] [[1945]] |HDI = n/a |HDI_rank = n/a |HDI_year = n/a |HDI_category = n/a |currency = [[Pound sterling]]³ |currency_code = GBP |country_code = |time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] |utc_offset = |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = +1 |cctld = [[.je]] |calling_code = 44 |calling_code_note = &nbsp; spec. 44-1534&nbsp;<small>(landline)</small><br/>+44-7797<br/>{{spaces|5}}<small>(Jersey Telecom mobile)</small><br/>+44-7700<br/>{{spaces|5}}<small>(Sure mobile)</small><br/>+44-7829<br/>{{spaces|5}}<small>(Airtel-Vodafone mobile)</small> |patron_saint = [[Helier|St. Helier]] |footnote1 = [http://www.gov.je/NR/rdonlyres/7571029D-45BF-4122-B6C2-14A4586898F6/0/2007populationupdate.pdf Jersey’s Resident Population 2007] |footnote2 = Rank based on population density of Channel Islands including [[Guernsey]]. |footnote3 = The States of Jersey issue their own [[Pound sterling|sterling]] notes and coins (see [[Jersey pound]]). }} The '''Bailiwick of Jersey''' ([[Jèrriais]]: ''Jèrri'') is a British [[Crown dependency]]<ref name="States">{{cite web |title=www.gov.je &mdash; Welcome to the States of Jersey website |publisher=[[States of Jersey]] |date=2006 |url=http://www.gov.je/ |accessdate=2006-10-15}}</ref> off the coast of [[Normandy]], [[France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=WHERE IS JERSEY |publisher=Jersey Tourism |url=http://www.jersey.com/wij/wij_en.htm |accessdate=2006-10-15}}</ref> As well as the island of Jersey itself, the [[bailiwick]] includes the nearly uninhabited islands of the [[Minquiers]], [[Écréhous]], the [[Pierres de Lecq]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Walking &mdash; Walking Routes &mdash; Moonwalks |publisher=Jersey Tourism |url=http://www.jersey.com/content_page.asp?id=127 |accessdate=2006-10-18}}</ref> and other rocks and reefs. Together with the [[bailiwick]] of [[Guernsey]] it forms the grouping known as the [[Channel Islands]]. The defence of all these islands is the responsibility of the [[United Kingdom]]. However, Jersey is part of neither the UK nor the [[European Union]]; rather, like the [[Isle of Man]], it is a separate possession of [[the Crown]]. Jersey belongs to the [[Common Travel Area]]. ==History== {{main|History of Jersey}} Jersey history is influenced by its strategic location between the northern coast of France and the southern coast of England; the island's recorded history extends over a thousand years. Evidence of bronze-age and early iron-age settlements can be found in many locations around the island. While archaeological evidence of [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] influence has been found, in particular the coastal headland site at Le Pinacle, Les Landes, where remains of a primitive structure are attributed to Roman temple worship (''fanum''),<ref>{{cite web |title=Countryside Character Appraisal &mdash; Character Area A1: North Coast Heathland |publisher=[[States of Jersey]] |url=http://www.gov.je/PlanningEnvironment/Planning/Island+Plan+and+Other+Policy+Guidance/Countryside+Character+Appraisal/Character+Area+A1+North+Coast+Heathland.htm |accessdate=2006-10-06}}</ref> evidence for regular Roman occupation has yet to be established. Formerly under the control of Brittany and named ''Angia'' (also spelled ''Agna''&nbsp;<ref>{{cite web |title=History of stamps |publisher=[[Jersey Post]] |url=http://www.jerseypost.com/jppage.aspx?id=170 |accessdate=2006-10-06}}</ref>), Jersey became subject to Viking influence in the ninth century, one of the "Norman Islands". The name for Jersey itself is sourced from a Viking heritage: the Norse suffix ''-ey'' for ''island'' can be found in many places around the northern European coasts. However, the significance of the first part of the island's toponym is unclear. Among theories are that it derives from ''jarth'' ([[Old Norse]]: "earth") or ''[[Earl|jarl]]'', or perhaps a personal name, Geirr, to give "Geirr's Island".<ref>"Jersey", ''Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names''. John Everett-Heath. Oxford University Press 2005. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. Jersey Library. [[6 October]] [[2006]] [http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t209.e3305]</ref> Alternatively support for a Celtic origin can be made with reference to the Gaulish ''gar-'' (''oak''), ''ceton'' (''forest''). It is also said to be a corruption of the [[Latin]] ''Caesarea'', the Roman name for the island, influenced by [[Old English]] suffix ''-ey'' for "island";<ref>{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |title=Online Etymological Dictionary |date=November 2001 |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=jersey |accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Le Messurier |first=H. W. |title=The Early Relations between Newfoundland and the Channel Islands |journal=Geographical Review |volume=2 |issue=6 | pages = 449 |date=December 1916 |url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0016-7428(191612)2%3A6%3C449%3ATERBNA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U |doi=10.2307/207514 |accessdate=2006-10-07 |month=Dec |year=1916}}</ref> this is plausible if regional pronunciation of Latin implied that ''Caesarea'' was not {{IPA2|kaisarea}} but {{IPA|[tʃeːsarea]}}. The island was eventually annexed to the [[Duchy of Normandy]] by [[William I of Normandy|William Longsword]], [[Duke of Normandy]] in 933; his descendant, [[William I of England|William the Conqueror]], [[Norman conquest|conquered England]] in 1066, which led to the [[Duchy of Normandy]] and the kingdom of [[England]] being governed under one monarch.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Short Constitutional History of Jersey |publisher=Voisin & Co. |date=[[1999-05-18]] |url=http://www.voisinlaw.com/pg368.htm |accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref> The Dukes of Normandy owned considerable estates on the island, and Norman families living on their estates founded many of the historical Norman-French Jersey family names. [[John I of England|King John]] lost all his territories in mainland Normandy in 1204 to [[Philip II of France|King Philip II Augustus]], but retained possession of Jersey, along with Guernsey and the other Channel Islands; the islands have been internally self-governing since.<ref>{{cite book |last=Liddicoat |first=Anthony |title=A Grammar of the Norman French of the Channel Islands |publisher=[[Walter de Gruyter]] |date=[[1 August]] [[1994]] |pages=p.6 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pgobrmlMAGQC&pg=PA6&lpg=PA6&sig=tvagbIw1egCS2MHh4VfeK5WBwzA |id=ISBN 3-11-012631-1}}</ref> Islanders became involved with the [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] fisheries in the late sixteenth century.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ommer |first=Rosemary E. |title=From Outpost to Outport |publisher=[[McGill-Queen's University Press]] |date=1991 |pages=pp.13-14 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=nrdYUXv817sC&pg=PA13&lpg=PP11&sig=RSHGT0rLzEcp2UDWb58_-ULI-AU |id=ISBN 0-7735-0730-2}}</ref> In recognition for all the help given to him during his exile in Jersey in the 1640s, [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] gave [[George Carteret]], bailiff and governor, a large grant of land in the American colonies, which he promptly named [[New Jersey]], now part of the [[United States of America]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Weeks |first=Daniel J. |title=Not for Filthy Lucre's Sake |publisher=[[Lehigh University Press]] |date=[[1 May]] [[2001]] |pages=p.45 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FM_BrMaXR2kC&pg=PA45&lpg=PA45&sig=GUW523Ey4gbowY3VBKNu4qA_o80 |id=ISBN 0-934223-66-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Cochrane |first=Willard W. |title=The Development of American Agriculture |publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]] |date=[[30 September]] [[1993]] |pages=p.18 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gnqxb5vuTEMC&pg=PA18&lpg=PA18&sig=hqWaBVs6YZHQfdP_8VlOJrst0NI |id=ISBN 0-8166-2283-3}}</ref> Trade laid the foundations of prosperity, aided by neutrality between England and France.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ommer |first=Rosemary E. |title=From Outpost to Outport |publisher=[[McGill-Queen's University Press]] |date=1991 |pages=p.12 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=nrdYUXv817sC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&sig=WStrqXbGMvqKnDItnYm5B1lJR_I |id=ISBN 0-7735-0730-2}}</ref> The Jersey way of life involved agriculture, [[Windmills in the Channel Islands|milling]], fishing, shipbuilding, and production of woollen goods until nineteenth-century improvements in transport links brought tourism to the Island. Jersey was [[Occupation of the Channel Islands by Nazi Germany|occupied by Nazi Germany]] from [[1 July]], [[1940]], and was held until [[9 May]], [[1945]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bellows |first=Tony |title=What was the "Occupation" and why is "Liberation Day" celebrated in the Channel Islands? |publisher=[[Société Jersiaise]] |url=http://www.societe-jersiaise.org/whitsco/liberat1.htm |accessdate=2006-10-15}}</ref> ==Politics== [[Image:States Building in St Helier Jersey.jpg|thumb|left|The States building in St Helier.]] {{main|Politics of Jersey}} Jersey's legislature is the [[States of Jersey]]. It includes fifty-three [[Elections in Jersey|elected]] members: twelve [[senator]]s (elected for six-year terms), twelve [[Constable#Channel Islands|constables]] (heads of parishes elected for three-year terms), twenty-nine [[Chamber of Deputies|deputies]] (elected for three-year terms); the Bailiff and the Deputy Bailiff (appointed to preside over the assembly and having a casting vote in favour of the status quo when presiding); and three non-voting members (the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General) appointed by the Crown. Government departments are run by a [[Council of Ministers, Jersey|cabinet of ministers]] under a [[Chief Minister of Jersey|Chief Minister]]. The civil head of the Island is the [[Bailiff (Channel Islands)|Bailiff]]. All current States Members have been elected as independents. Formally constituted political parties are unfashionable, although groups of "like-minded members" act in concert. Senators are elected on an Island-wide mandate and Deputies are elected in their local area. The [[Jersey Democratic Alliance]] is the only party currently having States Members, although these were elected as independents. The [[Centre Party (Jersey)]] has committed to only proposing candidates for Senatorial elections, though members are free to, and have, stood for Deputy as independents. They would remain independent in the Chamber. [[Stuart Syvret]] is often reported to be of the Jersey [[Green Party]].<ref name="greens">[http://www.greenislands.net/NetworkMemberParties.htm Green Islands Network]</ref> The legal system is based on [[Norman law|Norman customary law]] (including the [[Clameur de haro|Clameur de Haro]]), statute and [[English law]]; justice is administered by the Royal Court. [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Elizabeth II]]'s traditional title as head of state is that of [[Duke of Normandy]], but she does not hold that title formally. She reigns by her position as Queen over a crown dependency. Her representative in the island is the Lieutenant Governor, who has but a token involvement in island politics. Since 2006, the incumbent Lieutenant Governor has been [[Lieutenant General]] [[Andrew Ridgway]]. ===Parishes=== {{main|Parishes of Jersey}} [[Image:Jersey.png|right|400px|Map of the parishes of Jersey]] Administratively, Jersey is divided into twelve [[Parishes of Jersey|parish]]es. All have access to the sea and are named after the saints to whom their ancient parish churches are dedicated: *[[Grouville]] (historically ''Saint Martin de Grouville''; incorporating [[Minquiers|Les Minquiers]]) *[[Saint Brélade, Jersey|Saint Brélade]] *[[Saint Clement, Jersey|Saint Clement]] *[[Saint Helier]] *[[Saint John, Jersey|Saint John]] *[[Saint Lawrence, Jersey|Saint Lawrence]] *[[Saint Martin, Jersey|Saint Martin]] (historically ''Saint Martin le Vieux''; incorporating [[Écréhous|Les Écréhous]]) *[[Saint Mary, Jersey|Saint Mary]] *[[Saint Ouen, Jersey|Saint Ouen]] *[[Saint Peter, Jersey|Saint Peter]] *[[Saint Saviour, Jersey|Saint Saviour]] *[[Trinity, Jersey|Trinity]] The [[parishes of Jersey]] are further divided into ''[[vingtaine]]s'' (or, in St. Ouen, ''cueillettes''), divisions which are historic and nowadays mostly used for purposes of local administration and electoral constituency. The Constable (''Connétable'') is the head of each parish, elected at a public election for a three year term to run the parish and to represent the municipality in the States. The [[Procureur du Bien Public]] (two in each parish) is the legal and financial representative of the parish (elected at a public election since 2003 in accordance with the ''Public Elections (Amendment) (Jersey) Law 2003''; formerly an Assembly of Electors of each parish elected the Procureurs in accordance with the ''Loi (1804) au sujet des assemblées paroissiales''). A ''Procureur du Bien Public'' is elected for a mandate of three years as a public trustee for the funds and property of the parish and to be empowered to pass contract on behalf of the parish if so authorised by a Parish Assembly. ''[[Centenier]]s'' are elected at a public election within each parish for a term of three years to undertake policing within the parish. The ''Centenier'' is the only officer authorised to charge and bail offenders. Formerly, the senior ''Centenier'' of each parish (known as the ''Chef de Police'') deputised for the Constable in the States of Jersey when the Constable was unable to attend a sitting of the States. This function has now been abolished. ===International relations=== [[Image:Jersey Airport signage in Jèrriais.jpg|300px|right|thumb|[[Jersey Airport]] greets travellers with "Welcome to Jersey" in Jèrriais.]] Although diplomatic representation is reserved to the Crown, Jersey negotiates directly with foreign governments on matters within the competence of the States of Jersey. Jersey maintains a permanent non-diplomatic representation in [[Caen]], the ''Bureau de Jersey'', and a branch office in [[Rennes]]. A similar office, the ''Maison de Normandie'', in St. Helier represents the ''[[Conseil général]]'' of [[Manche]] and the ''[[Conseil régional]]'' of [[Basse-Normandie]] and hosts the Consulate of France. Jersey is a member of the [[British-Irish Council]], the [[Commonwealth Parliamentary Association]] and the [[Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie]]. Jersey is aiming to become a full member of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] in its own right.<ref>Jersey Evening Post, [[23 September]] [[2006]]</ref> Dicey and Morris (p26)<ref>*Dicey & Morris. (1993) ''The Conflict of Laws'' 12th edition. London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. (pp26/30) ISBN 0-420-48280-6</ref> list the separate States comprising the British Islands: "England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, [Herm] and Sark. . . is a separate country in the sense of the conflict of laws, though not one of them is a State known to public international law." In 2007, the Chief Minister and the UK [[Lord Chancellor]] signed an agreement<ref>[http://www.gov.je/ChiefMinister/International+Relations/JerseyandUKagreeframeworkfordevelopingJerseysinternationalidentity.htm Jersey and UK agree framework for developing Jersey’s international identity]</ref> which established a framework for the development of the international identity of Jersey. The agreement stated that: *the UK has no democratic accountability in and for Jersey; *the UK will not act internationally on behalf of Jersey without prior consultation; *Jersey has an international identity which is different from that of the UK; *the UK recognises that the interests of Jersey may differ from those of the UK, and the UK will seek to represent any differing interests when acting in an international capacity; *the UK and Jersey will work together to resolve or clarify any differences which may arise between their respective interests. In a survey of 700 people carried out by [[Channel Television]] in the summer of 2000, 68% supported independence from the United Kingdom.<ref>[http://www.kc3.co.uk/~dt/Channel%20Isles.htm Channel Isles].</ref> Senator (now Deputy) Paul le Claire lodged a ''projet''<!--note that this is not a spelling mistake; it is a "projet" not a "project"--> calling for Jersey's independence shortly thereafter. Subsequently, the Jersey Law Review published an editorial<ref>[http://www.jerseylegalinfo.je/Publications/jerseylawreview/Oct02/JLR0210_Editorial_Miscellany.aspx ''The Sword of Damocles'', Jersey Law Review, Volume 6, Issue 3, October 2002]</ref> and articles touching on the possibility of full independence.<ref>[http://www.jerseylegalinfo.je/Publications/jerseylawreview/contents04.aspx#Oct "Jersey and the United Kingdom: a choice of destiny"], ''Jersey Law Review'', Volume 8, Issue 3, October 2004.</ref> In 2007 the Chief Minister was reported<ref>Jersey Evening Post 21 April 2007</ref> as saying that Jersey had contingency plans in case independence were to be forced upon the Island or if Jersey wanted to move towards independence at a later date. On [[20 June]] 2007, Jersey signed an agreement<ref>[http://www.gov.je/ChiefMinister/International+Finance/NetherlandsandJerseysigntaxagreement.htm International Finance - The Netherlands and Jersey sign agreement on the exchange of tax information<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> regarding the exchange of information relating to tax matters. This was reported<ref>Jersey Evening Post, 22 June 2007</ref> as the bailiwick's first tax treaty with a European state as a state in its own right (and the second after a similar agreement with the United States in 2002). However, The [[Federal Court of Justice of Germany]] ruled on [[1 July]] [[2002]] (case: II ZR 380/00), that under German law, for the purposes of § 110 of the German Civil Procedures Act (ZPO), Jersey is to be deemed to be part of the United Kingdom and of the European Union as well. ==Geography== [[Image:Jersey.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Satellite view of Jersey.]] [[Image:Jersey-islands.png|thumb|200px|right|Map of islands of Bailiwick of Jersey]] {{main|Geography of Jersey}} Jersey is an island measuring 118.2 [[square kilometre]]s<ref name="States"/> (65,569 [[vergée]]&nbsp;/ 46&nbsp;[[Square mile|sq&nbsp;mi]]), including reclaimed land and intertidal zone. It lies in the [[English Channel]], approximately {{convert|12|nmi|km mi|lk=on}} from the [[Cotentin Peninsula]] in Normandy, [[France]], and approximately {{convert|87|nmi|km mi}} south of [[Great Britain]].<ref>As of [[October 15]] [[2006]], the [[States of Jersey]]<!--Website in External links below: [http://www.gov.je/ website]--> indicates that the island is situated "only 22&nbsp;km off the north-west coast of France and 140&nbsp;km south of England".</ref> It is the largest and southernmost of the Channel Islands. The climate is temperate with mild winters and cool summers.<ref name="Factbook">{{cite web |title=CIA &mdash; The World Factbook &mdash; Jersey |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |date=[[2006-10-05]] |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/je.html |accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref> The average annual temperature, {{convert|11.6|C|F}} is similar to the South Coast of England while the mean annual total sunshine of 1918 hours<ref>[http://www.jerseymet.gov.je Climate Averages Jersey 1971 - 2000]</ref> is higher than anywhere in the United Kingdom.<ref>[http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/19712000/ss/17.gif Sunshine hours Annual average]</ref> The terrain consists of a plateau sloping from long sandy bays in the south to rugged cliffs in the north. The plateau is cut by valleys running generally north-south. ==Economy== {{main|Economy of Jersey}} Thanks to specialisation in a few high return sectors, at [[purchasing power parity]] Jersey has very high economic output per capita, substantially ahead of all of the world's large developed economies. The [[CIA World Factbook]] estimate of Jersey's [[GDP]] per capita for 2005 is US$57,000, which was beaten only by two other small states with similar economic characteristics, [[Bermuda]] and [[Luxembourg]]. Jersey's economy is based on [[financial services]], [[tourism]], [[electronic commerce]] and [[agriculture]]; financial services contribute approximately sixty percent of the Island's economy,<ref name="Factbook"/> and the Island is recognised as one of the [[Offshore Financial Centre#List of main offshore financial centres|leading offshore financial centres]]. In June 2005 the States introduced the Competition (Jersey) Law 2005 <ref>http://www.jcra.je/pdf/051101%20Competition-Jersey-Law--2005.pdf</ref> in order to regulate [[competition]] and stimulate economic growth. This [[competition law]] was based on that of other jurisdictions. Aside from its banking and finance underpinnings (and the finance industries supporting industries) Jersey also depends on tourism. In 2006 there were 729,000 visitors (down 3% on the previous year) but total visitor spending rose 1% to £222m.<ref>Jersey Tourism Annual Report, 2006</ref> [[Duty-free]] goods are available for purchase on travel to and from the Island. Major agricultural products are [[potato]]es and dairy produce. The source of milk is [[Jersey cattle]], a small breed of cow that has also been acknowledged (though not widely so) for the quality of its meat.<ref>{{cite web |last=Davenport |first=Philippa |title=Jersey's cash cow |publisher=''[[Financial Times]]'' |date=[[2006-05-20]] |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/7a7bb3e0-e720-11da-9046-0000779e2340.html |accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Witmer |first=Jason |title=CROPP contracts brings profitability to Ohio grass-based, organic dairies |publisher=The Rodale Institute |date=[[2004-06-11]] |url=http://www.newfarm.org/features/0604/nissley/index.shtml |accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref> Small-scale [[organic beef]] production has been reintroduced in an effort to diversify the industry. Farmers and growers often sell surplus food and flowers in boxes on the roadside, relying on the honesty of those who pass to drop the correct change into the money box and take what they want. In the 21st century, diversification of agriculture and amendments in planning strategy have led to [[farm shop]]s replacing many of the roadside stalls. On [[February 18]] [[2005]], Jersey was granted [[Fairtrade Town|Fairtrade Island]] status.<ref>{{cite web |title=Island achieves Fairtrade status |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=[[2005-02-24]] |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/jersey/4295551.stm |accessdate=2006-10-06}}</ref> ===Taxation=== Until the twentieth century, the States relied on indirect taxation to finance the administration of Jersey. The levying of ''impôts'' (duties) was in the hands of the Assembly of Governor, Bailiff and Jurats until 1921 when that body's tax raising powers were transferred to the Assembly of the States, leaving the Assembly of Governor, Bailiff and Jurats to serve simply as licensing bench for the sale of alcohol (this fiscal reform also stripped the Lieutenant-Governor of most of his effective remaining administrative functions). The Income Tax Law of 1928 introducing [[income tax]] was the first law drafted entirely in English. Income tax has been levied at a [[Flat tax|flat rate]] of 20% for decades. As VAT has not been levied in the Island, luxury goods have often been cheaper than in the UK or in France, providing an incentive for tourism from neighbouring countries. The absence of [[Value added tax|VAT]] has also led to the growth of the [[fulfilment]] industry, whereby low-value luxury items, such as videos, lingerie and contact lenses are exported to the UK, avoiding VAT on arrival and thus undercutting UK prices on the same products. In 2005, the States of Jersey announced limits on licences granted to non-resident companies trading in this way. Although Jersey does not have VAT, on [[13 May]] [[2005]], the States of Jersey approved the introduction of a [[goods and services tax]] (GST), scheduled for 2008. The strategy for introducing the new GST tax is to fill a 'black hole' in the budget that is created by the introduction of a new 0/10 tax that replaces the old tax system that previously exempted foreign investors from corporation tax and levied a 20% rate on Jersey residents. The new 0/10 tax exempts all businesses except those in financial services from having to pay any corporation tax (0%), while leaving the financial services to pay a low tax rate (10%). The income generated from the new 0/10 tax proposal will not be equal to the revenue of the original tax system and this leaves Jersey with a deficit in their budget of several million pounds. To fill the deficit created by the changes made to Jersey's tax structure, the States of Jersey are introducing GST. GST will be added to most goods and services, which in effect will raise the cost of living for everyone in the island. The people hit the hardest by the new GST will be the people on the lowest incomes, however, to try to prevent islanders living below the poverty line, the States of Jersey are introducing an Income Support service in January 2008. It is arguable that the people who will benefit from Jersey's new tax structure will be the owners of the large businesses that are separate or support the financial service based businesses. This is because they will not have to pay any corporation tax but will still benefit from the island's business.<ref>[[March 8]] [[2005]] Proposition P44/2005: [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/documents/propositions/14968-27446-832005.htm Fiscal Strategy] * [[May 12]] [[2005]] ** [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/view_vote.asp?id_number=197 Amendment &mdash; paragraphs (a), (b) and (d)] ** [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/view_vote.asp?id_number=198 Amendment &mdash; paragraph (c)] * [[May 13]] [[2005]] States votes ** [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/view_vote.asp?id_number=199 Paragraphs (a)(i) and (ii)] ** [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/view_vote.asp?id_number=200 Paragraph (a)(iii)] ** [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/view_vote.asp?id_number=201 Paragraph (c)] ** [http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/view_vote.asp?id_number=202 Paragraph (d), as amended]</ref> ===Currency=== [[Image:Dual currency cash machines in Jersey.jpg|thumb|Twin [[Automatic teller machine|cash machines]] at a bank which dispensed a choice of Bank of England or Jersey banknotes. Since the intervention of the Treasurer of the States in 2005, cash machines generally (with the exception of those at the Airport and Elizabeth Harbour) no longer dispense English notes.]] {{main|Jersey pound}} Jersey issues its own [[Jersey pound|Jersey banknotes and coins]] which circulate with UK coinage, [[Bank of England]] notes, [[British banknotes#Scotland|Scottish notes]] and [[Guernsey pound|Guernsey currency]] within the Island. ====Coinage==== Designs on the reverse of [[Coins of the Jersey pound|Jersey coins]]: * {{spaces|2}}1p [[Le Hocq]] Tower (coastal defence) * {{spaces|2}}2p L'Hermitage, site where Saint [[Helier]] lived * {{spaces|2}}5p Seymour Tower (offshore defence) * 10p La Pouquelaye de Faldouet ([[dolmen]]) * 20p [[La Corbière]] lighthouse * 50p Grosnez Castle (ruins) Pound coins are issued, but are much less widely used than pound notes. Designs on the reverse of Jersey pound coins include historic ships built in Jersey and a series of the twelve parishes' crests. The motto round the milled edge of Jersey pound coins is ''Insula Caesarea'' ([[Latin]]: "Island of Jersey"). Two pound coins are issued also, but in very small quantities. ==Demographics== [[Image:Mont Orgueil castle Jersey.jpg|thumb|[[Mont Orgueil]] was built in the thirteenth century to protect Jersey from French invasion.]] {{main|Demographics of Jersey}} The Island is host to a large number of people born outside Jersey; 47% of the population are not originally from the island.<ref>2001 Census</ref> Censuses have been undertaken in Jersey since 1821, the most recent being the 2001 Census on [[March 11]]. Thirty percent of the population is concentrated in [[Saint Helier]], the island's only town. Of the roughly 88,000 people in Jersey, around two-fifths are of Jersey/Norman descent and two-fifths of British (English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish) descent. The largest minority groups in the island, after the British, are Portuguese (around 7%, especially [[Madeira]]n), Irish and Polish. The French community is also always present. The people of Jersey are often called Islanders, or in individual terms Jerseyman or Jerseywoman. Some Jersey-born people consider themselves British and value the special relationship between the British Crown and the Island, whereas a large number of pure Jersey people consider themselves more European, leaning towards the French. However, Jersey-borns consider themselves Islanders and say they are from Jersey, Channel Islands as opposed to England or the United Kingdom. [[Religion in Jersey]] has a complex history and much diversity. The [[established church]] is the [[Church of England]]. In the countryside, [[Methodism]] found its traditional stronghold. A minority of [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholics]] can also be found in Jersey, with two Catholic private schools ([[De La Salle College, Jersey|De La Salle College]] in Saint Saviour being an all-boys Catholic school, and Beaulieu Convent School down the road in Saint Helier being an all-girls school where the sisters still have a presence in school life). Jersey has an aging population. The main reason for this change particular to Jersey is the emigration of young people seeking opportunities the Island cannot provide. ===Immigration=== For immigration and nationality purposes the United Kingdom generally treats Jersey as though it were part of the UK. Jersey is constitutionally entitled to restrict immigration<ref>[http://www.gov.je/NR/rdonlyres/7AAC2805-37B6-4FC9-BA1A-E8F203D7949C/0/SummaryPolicy.pdf gov.je - Summary Policy]</ref> by non-Jersey residents, but control of immigration at the point of entry cannot, at present, be introduced for British, certain Commonwealth and EEA nationals without change to existing international law.<ref name="gov.je - Migration Monitoring and Regulation">[http://www.gov.je/NR/rdonlyres/D332538A-503A-46E6-AA91-3CB7B7B382CB/0/P252005MigrationMonitoringandRegulation.pdf gov.je - Migration Monitoring and Regulation]</ref> Immigration is therefore controlled by a mixture of restrictions on those without ''residential status'' purchasing or renting property in the Island and restrictions on employment. Migration policy is to move to a registration system to integrate residential and employment status.<ref name="gov.je - Migration Monitoring and Regulation"/> Jersey maintains its own immigration<ref>[http://www.gov.je/HomeAffairs/CusAndImm/Immigration/ gov.je - Immigration]</ref> and border controls. Although Jersey citizens are full British citizens, an endorsement restricting the right of establishment in European Union states other than the UK is placed in the Jersey passport of British citizens connected solely with the Channel Islands and Isle of Man.<ref>[http://www.gov.je/HomeAffairs/CusAndImm/Passports/holder+is+not+entitled+to+benefit+from+EC+Provisions.htm gov.je - Passports - I have an observation in my passport which says - the holder is not entitled to benefit from EC Provisions relating to employment and settlement - what does that mean?]</ref> Those who have a parent or grandparent born in the United Kingdom, or who have lived in the United Kingdom for five years, are not subject to this restriction. Historical large-scale immigration was facilitated by the introduction of steamships (from 1823). By 1840, an English invasion of up to 5,000, mostly half-pay officers and their families, had settled in Jersey..<ref>Balleine's History of Jersey</ref> In the aftermath of 1848, Polish, Russian, Hungarian, Italian and French political refugees came to Jersey. Following Louis Napoléon's coup of 1851, more French ''proscrits'' arrived. By the end of the 19th century, well-to-do British families, attracted by the lack of income tax, were settling in Jersey in increasing numbers, establishing St Helier as a predominantly English-speaking town. Seasonal work in agriculture had depended mostly on Bretons and mainland Normans from the 19th century. The growth of tourism attracted staff from the United Kingdom. Following Liberation in 1945, agricultural workers were mostly recruited from the United Kingdom - the demands of reconstruction in mainland Normandy and Brittany employed domestic labour. Until the 1960s, the population had been relatively stable for decades at around 60,000 (excluding the Occupation years). Economic growth spurred immigration and a rise in population. From the 1960s Portuguese workers arrived, mostly working initially in seasonal industries in agriculture and tourism. A trend that has developed over the past few years is the setting up of recruitment agencies in a number of countries in the world, to employ either cheap labour (often from poor countries) or qualified/experienced labour. Amongst the countries that have been targeted for this type of recruitment are Poland, Nigeria, Australia, South Africa, Cyprus and Latvia. ==Culture== [[Image:La Nethe Rue road sign Jersey.jpg|thumb|Jèrriais road sign ("The black road") in Saint-Ouën.]] [[Image:Victor Hugo-Exile.jpg|right|thumb|Victor Hugo in exile, 1850s.]] {{main|Culture of Jersey}} Until the nineteenth century, indigenous [[Jèrriais]] &mdash; a [[variety (linguistics)|variety]] of [[Norman language|Norman French]] &mdash; was the language of the island, though [[French language|French]] was used for official business. During the twentieth century, however, an intense [[language shift]] took place and Jersey today is predominantly English-speaking. Jèrriais nonetheless survives; around 2,600 islanders (three percent) are reckoned to be habitual speakers, and some 10,000 (12 percent) in all claim some knowledge of the language, particularly amongst the elderly in rural parishes. There have been efforts to revive Jèrriais in schools, and the highest number of declared Jèrriais speakers is in the capital. The [[dialect]]s of Jèrriais differ in [[phonology]] and, to a lesser extent, [[lexis (linguistics)|lexis]] between parishes, with the most marked differences to be heard between those of the west and east. Many place names are in Jèrriais, and French and English place names are also to be found. Anglicisation of the [[toponymy]] increased apace with the migration of English people to the island. Some [[Neolithic]] carvings are the earliest works of artistic character to be found in Jersey. Only fragmentary wall-paintings remain from the rich mediaeval artistic heritage, after the wholesale [[iconoclasm]] of the [[Calvinism|Calvinist]] reformation of the sixteenth century. [[Printing]] arrived in Jersey only in the 1780s, but the Island supported a multitude of regular publications in French (and Jèrriais) and English throughout the nineteenth century, in which poetry, most usually topical and satirical, flourished (see [[Jèrriais literature]]). [[John Everett Millais]], [[Elinor Glyn]], and [[Wace]] are among Jersey's artistic figures. [[Lillie Langtry]], the ''Jersey Lily'', is the Island's most widely recognised cultural icon. The famous French writer, [[Victor Hugo]], lived in exile in Jersey from 1852 to 1855. The Island is particularly famous for the [[Battle of Flowers]], a carnival held annually since 1902..<ref>{{cite web |title=The Jersey Battle of Flowers |publisher=Jersey Battle of Flowers Association |date=2005 |url=http://www.battleofflowers.com/thebattle/index.htm |accessdate=2006-10-15}}</ref> Annual music festivals include Rock in the Park, Avanchi presents Jazz in July, [[Jersey Live]], the music section of the [[Jersey Eisteddfod]]. Other festivals include ''La Fête dé Noué'' (Christmas festival), ''La Faîs'sie d'Cidre'' (cidermaking festival), the Battle of Britain air display, food festivals, and Parish events. The Island's [[patron saint]] is Saint [[Helier]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Falle |first=Samuel |title=Saint Helier &mdash; Saint Hélyi &mdash; Saint Hélier |publisher=[[Geraint Jennings]], [[Société Jersiaise]] |url=http://www.societe-jersiaise.org/geraint/helier/falle.html |accessdate=2006-10-15}}</ref> ===Media=== ====Broadcast==== [[BBC Radio Jersey]] provides a radio service and Spotlight Channel Islands provides a joint television news service with Guernsey but with headquarters in Jersey. [[Channel Television]] is a regional [[ITV]] franchise shared with the Bailiwick of Guernsey but with its headquarters in Jersey. [[Channel 103]] is a commercial radio station. ====Newspaper==== <!-- Commented out: [[Image:Jersey Evening Post Jersey Norman-French.jpg|left|thumb|Local newspaper ''[[Jersey Evening Post]]'' hosts a weekly Jèrriais column accompanied by English-language précis.]] --> Jersey's only newspaper, the ''[[Jersey Evening Post]]'', claims that it has an average issue readership of 73% of adults in Jersey and that over the course of a week 93 per cent of all adults will read a copy of the newspaper,<ref>{{cite web |title=At the heart of Island life since 1890 |publisher=[[Jersey Evening Post]] |url=http://www.jerseyeveningpost.com/index.html |accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref> it being the main printed source of local news and official notices. The newspaper features a weekly Jèrriais column accompanied by English-language précis. ====Magazines==== [[Image:Gallery magazine cover.jpg|thumb|''[[Gallery Magazine]]'' is a monthly style magazine.]] Lifestyle magazines include ''Gallery Magazine''<ref>[http://www.gallerymagazine.co.uk Gallery Magazine Jersey<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> (monthly), ''Jersey Now''<ref>http://www.jerseyeveningpost.com/pub2.html</ref> (quarterly) and ''The Jersey Life''<ref>[http://www.lifemagazines.biz Quality LifeStyle Magazines - Jersey, Harpenden, Radlett, St Albans<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> (monthly). ''Les Nouvelles Chroniques du Don Balleine''<ref>[http://www.societe-jersiaise.org/langsec/chroniques.html Les Nouvelles Chroniques du Don Balleine<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> is a quarterly literary magazine in Jèrriais. ====Cinema==== In 1909, T.J. West established the first cinema in the Royal Hall in St. Helier, which became known as West's Cinema in 1923 (demolished 1977). The first [[talking picture]], ''The Perfect Alibi'', was shown on [[30 December]] [[1929]] at the Picture House in St. Helier. The Jersey Film Society was founded on [[11 December]] [[1947]] at the Café Bleu, West's Cinema. The large Art Deco Forum Cinema was opened in 1935 &mdash; during the German Occupation this was used for German propaganda films. The Odeon Cinema (now the New Forum) was opened [[2 June]] [[1952]]. Since 1997{{Fact|date=February 2007}}, Kevin Lewis (formerly of The Cine Centre and now of the New Forum) has arranged the [[Jersey Film Festival]], a charity event showing the latest and also classic films outdoors in [[35 mm film|35&nbsp;mm]] on a big screen. The 2006 festival was held in Howard Davis Park, St Saviour, on the 12-18 August 2006. In December 2002, Cineworld Cinemas opened a 10 screen multiplex on the waterfront centre in St. Helier. In August 2006, plans were revealed to convert the former Odeon building into a department store while retaining the landmark architecture. ===Food and drink=== [[Image:Jersey wonders.jpg|thumb|''Jersey wonders'', or ''mèrvelles'', are a favourite snack consisting of fried dough, especially at country fêtes. According to tradition, the success of cooking depends on the state of the tide.]] Seafood has traditionally been important to the cuisine of Jersey: [[mussel]]s (called ''moules'' locally), [[oyster]]s, [[European lobster|lobster]] and [[crab]]s &mdash; especially [[Maja squinado|spider crabs]] &mdash; [[Abalone|ormers]], and [[conger]]. Jersey [[milk]] being very rich, [[cream]] and [[butter]] have played a large part in insular cooking. ''(See [[Channel Island milk]])'' However there is no indigenous tradition of cheese making, contrary to the custom of mainland Normandy, but some cheese is produced commercially. Jersey [[fudge]], mostly imported and made with milk from overseas Jersey cattle herds, is a popular food product with tourists. [[Jersey Royal potatoes]] are the local variety of [[new potato]], and the island is famous for its early crop of small potatoes from the south-facing côtils (steeply-sloping fields). They are eaten in a variety of ways, often simply boiled and served with butter. [[Apple]]s historically were an important crop. ''Bourdélots'' are apple dumplings, but the most typical speciality is black butter (''lé nièr beurre''), a dark spicy spread prepared from apples, cider and spices. [[Cider]] used to be an important export. After decline and near-disappearance in the late twentieth century, apple production is being increased and promoted. Apple brandy is also produced, as is some wine. Among other traditional dishes are cabbage loaf, Jersey wonders (''les mèrvelles''), fliottes, bean crock (''les pais au fou''), [[nettle]] (''ortchie'') soup, vraic buns. ===Sport=== {{main|Sport in Jersey}} In its own right Jersey participates in the [[Commonwealth Games]] and in the bi-annual [[Island Games]], which it last hosted in 1997. In sporting events in which Jersey does not have international representation, when the British [[Home Nations]] are competing separately, islanders that do have high athletic skill may choose to compete for any of the Home Nations &ndash; there are, however, restrictions on subsequent transfers to represent another Home Nation. Jersey is an affiliate member of the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC). The [[Jersey cricket team]] plays in the [[Inter-insular match]] among others. For horse racing, Les Landes Race Course can be found at Les Landes in St Ouen next to the ruins of Grosnez Castle. The Jersey Football Association supervises football in Jersey. The Jersey Football Combination has 9 teams in its top division. The 2006/07 champions were Jersey Scottish where Ross Crick is the top scorer. The [[Jersey national football team]] plays in the annual [[Muratti]] competition among others. Jersey has two public indoor swimming pools. Swimming in the sea, surfing, windsurfing and other marine sports are practised. Jersey Swimming Club have organised an annual swim from Elizabeth Castle to Saint Helier Harbour for over 50 years. A round-Island swim is a major challenge which a select number of swimmers have achieved. The Royal Channel Island Yacht Club is based in Jersey. There are few facilities for [[extreme sports]] and youth sports such as [[skateboarding]], [[BMX]], and [[inline skating]]. Coastal cliffs provide opportunities for [[rock climbing]]. ==Environment== Three areas of land are protected for their ecological or geological interest as [http://www.gov.je/PlanningEnvironment/Environment/ReportsPubs/ Sites of Special Interest (SSI): Les Landes, Les Blanches Banques and La Lande du Ouest]. A large area of intertidal zone is designated as a [[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar site]]. Jersey is the home of [[Durrell Wildlife]] (formerly known as the Jersey Zoological Park) founded by the naturalist, zookeeper, and author [[Gerald Durrell]]. ===Biodiversity=== Four species of small mammal are considered native<ref>[http://www.gov.je/PlanningEnvironment/Environment/Countryside/Research+and+Monitoring/Species+Based+Research+Projects/The+Jersey+Mammal+Survey.htm Species Based Research Projects - The Jersey Mammal Survey<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>: the wood mouse ([[Apodemus sylvaticus]]), the Jersey bank vole ([[Clethrionomys glareolus]] caesarius), the Lesser white-toothed shrew ([[Crocidura suaveolens]]) and the French shrew ([[Sorex coronatus]]). Three wild mammals are well-established introductions: the [[rabbit]] (introduced in the mediaeval period), the [[red squirrel]] and the [[hedgehog]] (both introduced in the 19th century). The stoat ([[Mustela erminea]]) became extinct in Jersey between 1976 and 2000. The Green lizard ([[Lacerta bilineata]]) is a protected species of reptile; Jersey is its only habitat in the British Isles.<ref>[http://www.gov.je/NR/rdonlyres/49FE3DB3-8518-4818-A513-A100793C929C/0/BiodiversityActionPlansII.pdf Biodiversity Action Plan]</ref> Trees generally considered native are the alder ([[Alnus glutinosa]]), silver birch ([[Betula pendula]]), sweet chestnut ([[Castanea sativa]]), hazel ([[Corylus avellana]]), hawthorn ([[Crataegus monogyna]]), beech ([[Fagus sylvatica]]), ash ([[Fraxinus excelsior]]), aspen ([[Populus tremula]]), wild cherry ([[Prunus avium]]), blackthorn ([[Prunus spinosa]]), holm oak ([[Quercus ilex]]), oak ([[Quercus robur]]), sallow ([[Salix cinerea]]), elder ([[Sambucus nigra]]), elm ([[Ulmus]] spp), and medlar ([[Mespilus germanica]]). Among notable introduced species, the cabbage palm ([[Cordyline australis]]) has been planted in coastal areas and may be seen in many gardens.<ref>''Trees in Jersey'', The Jersey Association of Men of the Trees, Jersey 1997, ISBN 0953097900</ref> == See also == {{columns |col1width=200px |col1 = *[[Bergerac (TV series)]] *[[Communications in Jersey]] *[[Channel Television]] *[[Dodo Club]] *[[Jersey Evening Post]] *[[Jersey Airport]] *[[Jersey Post]] *[[Jersey Telecom]] |col2width=320px |col2 = *[[Jersey Zoological Park]] *[[Living Legend (attraction)|Living Legend]] *[[Roman Catholicism in Jersey]] *[[States of Jersey Customs and Immigration Service]] *[[Transport in Jersey]] }} == Footnotes and references == {{reflist|2}} ===Print=== *''Jersey Through the Centuries'', Leslie Sinel, Jersey 1984, ISBN 0-86120-003-9 </div> ==External links== <!-- Please do not add The Jersey Crime Journal (http://www.jerseycrime.blogspot.com) to the list, for it belongs to States of Jersey Police article. --> {{Commons|Jersey}} *[http://www.gov.je States of Jersey] *[http://www.jersey.com Jersey Tourism] *[http://www.jerseylegalinfo.je Jersey Legal Information Board (JLIB)] *[http://www.societe-jersiaise.org/geraint/jerriais/paraisse.html Les Pâraîsses d'Jèrri en Jèrriais] ''(map of parishes, coat-of-arms, and history)'' *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/jersey BBC Jersey] *[http://www.societe-jersiaise.org/ Société Jersiaise] *[http://jersey.typepad.com/ Jersey History] *[http://www.thisisjersey.com This is Jersey (Local Portal)] *[http://www.aboutjersey.net Independent visitors guide] *[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/je.html Jersey] in ''[[The World Factbook]]'' *[http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?formtype=address&searchtype=address&country=GB&addtohistory=&address=&city=jersey&zipcode= Map of Jersey] *[http://www.vrchannelislands.com/jersey-virtual-tour/jersey-map.html Virtual Tour of the Channel Island of Jersey] {{Template group |title = Geographic locale |list = {{Channel Islands}} }} {{Template group |title = International membership |list = {{British dependencies}} {{Non-sovereign territories of Europe|state=collapsed|spell=ise/xion}} {{Anglophone states}} {{English official language clickable map}} <!-- Template removed per [[Wikipedia:Templates_for_deletion/Log/2008_April_7#Template:Germanic-speaking_regions_of_Europe]] --> }} <!--Interwiki--> <!--Categories--> [[Category:Jersey| ]] <!--Other languages--> [[af:Jersey]] [[ar:جيرزي (جزيرة)]] [[frp:Jèrseyi]] [[ast:Jersey]] [[zh-min-nan:Jersey]] [[be:Джэрсі]] [[be-x-old:Джэрсі]] [[bs:Jersey]] [[br:Jerzenez]] [[bg:Джърси]] [[ca:Jersey]] [[cs:Jersey]] [[cy:Jersey]] [[da:Jersey]] [[de:Jersey]] [[dv:ޖާސޭ]] [[et:Jersey]] [[el:Τζέρσεϊ]] [[es:Jersey]] [[eo:Ĵersejo]] [[eu:Jersey]] [[fr:Jersey]] [[gv:Jersee]] [[gd:Jersey]] [[gl:Illa de Jersey]] [[ko:저지 섬]] [[hr:Jersey (otok)]] [[io:Jersey]] [[bpy:জার্সি]] [[id:Jersey]] [[is:Jersey]] [[it:Jersey]] [[he:ג'רזי]] [[jv:Jersey]] [[ka:ჯერსი]] [[kk:Джерси]] [[kw:Jersi]] [[sw:Jersey]] [[la:Caesarea insula]] [[lv:Džersija]] [[lij:Jersey]] [[li:Jersey]] [[hu:Jersey]] [[ms:Jersi]] [[nl:Jersey (eiland)]] [[ja:ジャージー島]] [[no:Jersey]] [[nn:Jersey]] [[nrm:Jèrri]] [[oc:Jersey]] [[pl:Jersey]] [[pt:Jersey]] [[ro:Insula Jersey]] [[ru:Джерси]] [[sq:Jersey]] [[simple:Jersey]] [[sk:Jersey]] [[sl:Jersey]] [[sr:Џерси]] [[sh:Jersey (otok)]] [[fi:Jersey]] [[sv:Jersey]] [[ta:யேர்சி]] [[vi:Jersey]] [[tr:Jersey]] [[uk:Джерсі (острів)]] [[war:Jersey]] [[wuu:杰塞岛]] [[zh:澤西島]]