Jihlava
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robot Adding: [[no:Jihlava]]
{{Geobox | settlement
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
| name = Jihlava
| native_name =
| other_name =
| category = Town
<!-- *** Name *** -->
| etymology =
| official_name =
| motto =
| nickname =
<!-- *** Image *** -->
| image = Jihlava legionaru.jpg
| image_caption = City centre
<!-- *** Symbols *** -->
| flag = Jihlava prapor.gif
| flag_border = 1
| symbol = Jihlava (CZE) - coat of arms.gif
<!-- *** Country etc. *** -->
| country = Czech Republic
| country_flag = 1
| state =
| region = [[Vysočina]]
| region_type = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| district = [[Jihlava District|Jihlava]]
| district_type = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]]
| municipality =
<!-- *** Family *** -->
| part =
| river = [[Jihlava River|Jihlava]]
<!-- *** Locations *** -->
| location =
| elevation = 525
| lat_d = 49
| lat_m = 24
| lat_s = 01
| lat_NS = N
| long_d = 15
| long_m = 35
| long_s = 26
| long_EW = E
| highest =
| highest_lat_d =
| highest_long_d =
| lowest =
| lowest_lat_d =
| lowest_long_d =
<!-- *** Dimensions *** -->
| area = 78.85
<!-- *** Population *** -->
| population = 50676
| population_date = [[As of 2006|2006]]
| population_density = auto
<!-- *** History & management *** -->
| established = [[1233]]
| established_type = First documented
| date =
| mayor = Jaroslav Vymazal
<!-- *** Codes *** -->
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = CEST
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| postal_code = 586 01
| area_code =
| code =
<!-- *** UNESCO etc. *** -->
<!-- *** Free frields *** -->
| free =
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map = Czechia - outline map.svg
| map_background = Czechia - background map.png
| map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| map_locator = Czechia
<!-- *** Websites *** -->
| commons = Jihlava
| statistics =
| website = [http://www.jihlava.cz/e_index.asp www.jihlava.cz]
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes =
}}
'''Jihlava''' ([[help:IPA|pronounced]] {{Audio-IPA|Cs-Jihlava.ogg|[ˈjɪɦlava]}}; [[German language|German]] ''Iglau'') is a city in the [[Czech Republic]]. Jihlava is a centre of the [[Vysočina Region]], situated on the Jihlava river (German ''Igel'') on the ancient frontier between [[Moravia]] and [[Bohemia]], and is the oldest mining town in the Czech Republic, ca. 50 years older than [[Kutná Hora]].
Among the principal buildings are the early gothic churches of St. Jacob, Friars Minor church of Our Lady and dominican church of Holy Cross, baroque church of St. Ignatius of Loyola, the Municipal Hall and number of municipal houses containing gothic and renaissance details. There is also a [[Jew]]ish cemetery, containing some remarkable monuments including tombstone of the parents of [[Gustav Mahler]].
An old [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]] settlement upon a ford (first mentioned in 1233) was moved on a nearby hill where the mining town was found (ca. 1240) by king Vaclav I., in the [[Middle Ages]] inhabited mostly by [[Germanic tribes|German]]s (coming mostly from Northern [[Bavaria]] and Upper [[Saxony]]). Medieval mines surrounded by mining settlement were localized outside the walls of medieval town (local name Stare Hory). According to legend, the silver mines were worked so early as [[799]]. There is, however, no historical evidence for such statements.
In the era of the [[Hussite Wars]], Jihlava stayed a [[Catholic]] stronghold and managed to resist in sieges. Later at Jihlava, on [[July 5]] [[1436]], the treaty was made with the [[Hussites]], by which the emperor [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund]] was acknowledged king of Bohemia. A marble relief near the town marks the spot where [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]], in [[1527]], swore fidelity to the Bohemian estates.
During the [[Thirty Years' War]] Jihlava was twice captured by the [[Sweden|Swedes]]. In [[1742]] it fell into the hands of the [[Prussia (state)|Prussians]], and in December [[1805]] the [[Bavaria]]ns under [[Wrede]] were defeated near the town. In 1860 it became the childhood home of [[Bohemia]]n-[[Austria]]n [[composer]] [[Gustav Mahler]], who retained his ties to the town until the death of both of his parents in 1889.
Before [[1945]], Jihlava was the center of the second largest German-speaking [[enclave]] in Czechoslovakia (after Schönhengst/[[Hřebečsko]]). After the end of [[World War II]], the German inhabitants were either slain or evicted; it is estimated
<!-- by whom? German version says "vermutlich" -- aleph4, June 24, 2005 -->that hundreds died on the arduous trek to Austria.
== External links ==
* [http://www.jihlava.cz/ Official Website]
* [http://www.dokument-festival.cz/ Jihlava International Documentary Film Festival]
{{1911}}
{{Jihlava District}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Jihlava District]]
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