John Baker (biologist) 1144062 194882853 2008-02-29T12:52:59Z Closedmouth 372693 Fixing [[WP:DPL|links to disambiguation pages]] and/or general fixes using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] Dr. '''John Randal Baker''' [[Royal Society|F.R.S.]] ([[1900]]-[[1984]]) was a [[biology|biologist]], [[physical anthropology|physical anthropologist]], and professor at the [[University of Oxford]] (where he was the [[Emeritus Reader]] in [[Cytology]]) in the mid-twentieth century. He is best remembered for his 1974 book ''[[Race (book)|Race]]'', which attempts to classify human [[Race (classification of human beings)|races]] in the same way that animal [[subspecies]] are classified. In ''Race'', Baker explores the nature of [[civilization]], giving 23 criteria that can readily identify them. He explores relations between the physical/biological traits and the cultures of five civilizations. Based on these criteria, Baker declared that Mesoamerican societies such as the [[Aztec]]s and [[Maya civilization|Maya]] were not civilizations, and that no [[autochthonous|indigenous civilizations]] ever arose in [[Africa]]. Baker rejected the [[methodological relativism]] that has characterized anthropology since the days of [[Franz Boas]], instead going back to earlier ideas of [[hereditarianism]] and [[cultural evolution]]. ==Works== * ''Sex in man and animals'' ... with a preface by [[Julian S. Huxley]], [[1926]] * ''Man and animals in the New Hebrides'', 1929 * ''Cytological technique'', [[1933]] * ''Biology in everyday life'', 1934 * ''Chemical control of conception'', with a chapter by [[H. M. Carleton]], [[1935]] * ''Scientific life'', 1942 * ''Science and the planned state'', [[1945]] * ''Discovery of the uses of colouring agents in biological micro-technique'', 1945 * ''Path of science'', by [[C.E. Kenneth Mees]] ... with the cooperation of John R. Baker ... 1946 * ''Principles of biological microtechnique; a study of fixation and dyeing'', [[1958]] * ''Cytological technique; the principles underlying routine methods'', 1960 * ''Cell structure and its interpretation''; essays presented to John Randal Baker, [[Royal Society|F.R.S.]] Edited by S. M. McGee-Russell and K. F. A. Ross, 1968 * ''Race'', [[1974]] * ''Evolution : the modern synthesis'' by [[Julian Huxley]] ; with a new introd. edited by John R. Baker, 1974 * ''Freedom of science'', [[1975]] * ''Julian Huxley, scientist and world citizen, 1887 to 1975 : a biographical memoir'', with a bibliography compiled by [[Jens-Peter Green]], [[1978]] * ''Biology of parasitic protozoa'', 1982 * ''Cell theory : a restatement, history, and critique'', [[1988]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Baker, John R.}} [[Category:British biologists]] [[Category:1900 births]] [[Category:1984 deaths]] {{biologist-stub}} {{anthropologist-stub}} {{UK-scientist-stub}}