Joseph Jules Dejerine
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/* Associated eponyms */ wik
'''Joseph Jules Dejerine''' ([[August 3]], [[1849]] – [[February 26]] [[1917]]), was a [[France|French]] [[Neurology|neurologist]].
Joseph Jules Dejerine was born to French parents in [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]], where his father was a carriage proprietor. During the [[Franco-Prussian War]] ([[1870]]) Dejerine worked as a volunteer in a Geneva Hospital and in the spring of [[1871]] decided to pursue his [[medicine]] studies in Paris. Following qualification he rose the academic ranks and gained several awards. In [[1877]] he was appointed to the [[Bicêtre Hospital|Hôpital Bicêtre]], where he organized a [[Pathology|pathological]] laboratory. He became ''[[Agrégation|professeur agrégé]]'' in [[1886]], and he found the opportunity to concentrate his efforts on [[neurology]]. He worked at the [[Salpêtrière|Hôpital Salpêtrière]] from [[1895]], became professor of the [[history of medicine]] in [[1901]] and received a senior appointement at the Salpêtrière in [[1911]] as professor of neurology at the [[Université de Paris|University of Paris]], School of Medicine.
Dejerine was one of the pioneers in the study of localisation of function in the [[brain]], having first shown that [[word blindness]] may occur as the result of lesions of the [[supramarginal gyrus|supramarginal]] and [[angular gyrus|angular]] gyri.
In [[1888]] Dejerine married his student, [[Augusta Marie Klumpke]], who had studied medicine in Paris and in [[1887]] had been the first woman to become ''interne des hôpitaux''. Dejerine died in [[1917]] at the age of 68 years, physically debilitated by the stress of work in a military hospital during the [[World War I]]. The centenary of his birth was commemorated in [[1949]] at the fourth International Neurological Congress in Paris, when Dejerine's pupil, André Thomas, gave a discourse on his mentor's life and achievements.
[[Image:Jules_Dejerine01.jpg|thumb|left|160px|J. Dejerine: ''Sémiologie des affections du système nerveux'', 1914]]
Dejerine's numerous publications span a period of more than 40 years. Like many eminent neurologists of his era, Dejerine became interested in [[psychology]] in the later stages of his career and he is remembered as a proponent of the view that the personality of the [[psychotherapy|psychoterapist]] is crucial in any interaction with the patient.
* ''"In man, emotion is almost everything and reason very little"'' (J. Dejerine)
== Associated eponyms ==
* ''Dejerine's "onion-peel sensory loss"'': Sensory loss starting from mouth and nose and extending concentrically outward observed in lesions of the [[trigeminal nucleus]].
* ''Dejerine's cortical sensory syndrome'': Loss of [[proprioception]] and [[stereognosis]] with retention of [[touch]], [[pain]], [[temperature]] and [[oscillation|vibration]] seen in [[parietal lobe]] lesion.
* ''Dejerine-Mouzon syndrome'': An another parietal lobe syndrome with severe impairment of the primary modalities of sensation ([[pain]], [[thermal]], [[tactile]], and [[vibratory sense]]).
* ''Dejerine's syndrome'': Alternating [[Hypoglossal nerve|hypoglossal]] [[hemiplegia]] syndrome seen in neurovascular [[Bulbus medullae spinalis|bulbar]] lesions.
* ''[[Dejerine-Klumpke paralysis]]'': Lower [[brachial plexus]] [[paralysis]] occurring during birth, particularly with breech deliveries.
* ''[[Dejerine-Roussy syndrome]]'': Syndrome due to lesions of the posterior [[thalamus]]. Named along with French physician [[Gustave Roussy]] (1874-1948).
* ''[[Dejerine-Sottas neuropathy]]'': A slowly progressive hereditary form of hypertrophic [[neuropathy]] characterised by motor and sensory disturbance in the limbs commencing in childhood or adolescence.
* ''Dejerine-Thomas [[olivopontocerebellar atrophy]]'': A sporadically occurring form of chronic progressive [[ataxia]].
* ''[[Landouzy-Dejerine syndrome]]'': A hereditary form of slowly [[progressive muscular dystrophy]] involving primarily the musculature of the shoulders and face, with pattern of inheritance autosomal dominant. Named along with French physician [[Louis Théophile Joseph Landouzy]] (1845-1917).
== Bibliography ==
* ''Recherches sur les lésions du système nerveux dans la paralysie ascendante aiguë''. Paris, 1879
* ''L'héredité dans les maladies du système nerveux''. Paris, 1886
* ''Anatomie des centres nerveux'', with Augusta Marie Dejerine-Klumpke. 2 volumes, Paris, 1895 and 1901
* ''Traité des maladies de la moëlle épinière'', with André Thomas. Paris, 1902
* ''Sémiologie des affections du système nerveux'', with Augusta Marie Dejerine-Klumpke. Paris, 1914
== External links ==
* {{WhoNamedIt|doctor|337}}
[[Category:1849 births|Dejerine, Joseph Jules]]
[[Category:1917 deaths|Dejerine, Joseph Jules]]
[[Category:French neurologists|Dejerine, Joseph Jules]]
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