Jumping 43609 224498926 2008-07-09T03:12:49Z Wadems 144213 Dab Prong. {{refimprove|date=August 2007}} {{wikt}} [[Image:SplitLeap.gif|thumb|right|250px|A ''split leap'', performed by an [[acro dance|acro dancer]]. This is one of several types of leaps found in [[dance]].]] [[Image:Bottlenose Dolphin KSC04pd0178.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Jumping [[bottlenose dolphin]]]] [[Image:Hometrampoline.jpg|thumb|250px|A person jumping on a [[trampoline]]]] [[Image:leapfrog.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Two participants engaged in a game of [[leapfrog]]]] [[Image:Dominik Klein jump.jpg|thumb|250px|A [[Team Handball|handball]] player jumping towards the goal]] '''Jumping''' or '''leaping''' is an ability that most [[human]]s and many [[animal]]s share to some degree. It is the process of getting one's [[body]] off the [[ground]] for a short time using only one's own power, usually by propelling oneself upward via [[contraction]] and then forceful [[extension]] of the legs. One can jump up to reach something high, jump over a [[fence]] or [[ditch]], or jump down, and one can jump while [[dancing]] and as a [[sport]]. Some animals, such as the [[kangaroo]], use jumping, more commonly called hopping in this instance, as their primary form of [[Animal locomotion|locomotion]]. ==Anatomy== The [[anterior compartment of thigh]] contain the main muscles contributing to jumping, e.g. [[quadriceps femoris muscle]]s, in addition to [[calf muscle]]s. They may be helped by the rest of the body, e.g. by pushing down with the arms when playing [[leapfrog]]. ==Tools== In some cases the height of a jump may be increased by using a [[trampoline]], or, by converting horizontally directed velocity into vertically directed velocity by using a ''jump'', such as a [[quarter pipe]]. ==Leaping gaits== Leaping gaits, which are distinct from [[running]] gaits (see [[Locomotion]]), include [[canter]]ing, [[Horse gaits#Gallop|galloping]], and [[stotting|pronging]].<ref name="Roberts1995">Tristan David Martin Roberts (1995) ''Understanding Balance: The Mechanics of Posture and Locomotion'', Nelson Thornes, ISBN 0412601605.</ref> ==[[Athletics (track and field)|Athletics]] events== * [[High jump]], where the objective is to place a horizontal bar as high as possible and leap over it in one jump, preceded by a short run-up. * [[Hurdling]], a foot race where the track is covered with hurdles. * [[Fierljeppen]], similar to the long jump, but using a pole to cover the distance. * [[Long jump]], where the objective is to cover as large a horizontal distance as possible with one jump, preceded by a short run-up. * [[Pole vault]], in which is similar to the high jump, but competitors use a long flexible pole to cover a bigger height. ==Sports== * [[American football]] * [[Basketball]] * [[Bossaball]] * [[Badminton]] * [[Dancing]] * [[Figure skating]] — both, ice and roller * [[Football]] * [[Gymnastics]] * [[Jump rope]] * [[Jumping puzzle]]s in video games * [[Martial arts]] * [[Parkour]] * [[Rugby football|Rugby]] * [[Skateboarding]]- referred as ollies. * [[Skiing]] * [[Swimming]] * [[Team Handball]] * [[Trampolining]] * [[Ultimate (sport)|Ultimate]] * [[Volleyball]] ==Animal sports== * [[Dog agility]] involves a handler directing a dog through various obstacles, including jumps. * [[Hunter/Jumper]] involves a rider jumping a sequence of fences looking as good as possible and maintaining a good rhythm. * [[Show jumping]] involves a rider jumping a sequence of fences as fast as they can. '''OTHER "JUMPING"''' [x] Show Jumping- Show jumping is when a rider and horse jump through the course of fences as fast as they can, without getting any faults. [x] Dog Races- Dog races is when a dog jumps over and through a selection of obstacles in the best time. [x] Hunter Jumper- Show hunters as a group are judged on manners, way of going, and conformation. [x] Other- Other can include animals and people. Animals jump through hoops, and over small obstacles, while people jump over hurdles. Sea creatures are also included in the animal section. == External links == {{Commons|Jumping}} * [http://www.worldjumpproject.com World Jump Project] - Dedicated to collecting pictures of people jumping in interesting locations around the world * [http://www.the-biomatrix.net/improve-jumping-height.htm Tips for improving vertical jump] * [http://www.terminalvertical.com/forum/ Terminalvertical.com Forum] * [http://www.brianmac.demon.co.uk/plymohip.htm Tbrianmac.demon.co.uk Plyometrics] * [http://insidehoops.com/gym/jump-higher.shtml insidehoops.com Jump Higher] * [http://jumpropevideos.com/ Jump Rope Videos] ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Human skills]] [[Category:Locomotion]] [[Category:Sports science]] [[bs:Skakanje]] [[nl:Springen (paardensport)]] [[simple:Jump]] [[tl:Pagtalon]]