Kame 631191 226036229 2008-07-16T15:23:04Z Peti610botH 7071878 robot Modifying: [[lv:Kēms]] {{Otheruses}} [[Image:Glacial-Drift-PB110031.JPG|thumb|A kame among the glacial drift on the terminal moraine of the Okanagon Lobe of the Cordilerion Glacier on the Waterville Plateau of the Columbia Plateau in [[Washington]], United States. ]] [[Image:Erratics-Cascades-PB110028.JPG|thumb|Multiple erratics on kame in the terminal moraine of the Okanagon Lobe. Cascade mountains in the background. ]] A '''kame''' is a [[geology|geological]] feature, an irregularly shaped [[hill]] or [[mound]] composed of [[sand]], [[gravel]] and [[till]] that accumulates in a depression on a retreating glacier, and is then deposited on the land surface with further melting of the glacier. Kames are often associated with [[kettle (geology)|kettle]]s, and this is referred to as ''kame and kettle'' topography. With the melting of the glacier, streams carry sediment to glacial lakes, building kame deltas on top of the ice. However, with the continuous melting of the glacier, the kame delta eventually collapses on to the land surface, furthering the "kame and kettle" topography. Kame terraces are frequently found along the side of a glacial valley and are the deposits of meltwater streams flowing between the ice and the adjacent valley side. These kame terraces tend to look like long flat benches, with a lot of pits on the surface made by kettles. They tend to slope downvalley with gradients similar to the glacier surface allong which they formed, and can sometimes be found paired on opposite sides of a valley. [[Image:Terminal-Morraine-PB110030.JPG|thumb|left|Multiple erratics on the terminal moraine of the Okanagon Lobe.]] Kames are sometimes compared to [[drumlin]]s, but their formation is distinctively different. A drumlin is not originally shaped by meltwater, but by the ice itself and has a quite regular shape. It occurs in fine grained material, such as [[clay]] or [[shale]], not in sands and gravels. And drumlins usually have concentric layers of material, as the ice successively plasters new layers in its movement. Kames are not normally located in proximity to one another, however in [[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]], [[Canada]] numerous kames are found nearby, forming the [[Prosser Archaeological Site]]. The [[Fonthill Kame]] in southern [[Ontario]] is in a densely populated area. In the United States examples can be found in [[Wisconsin]] and at the [[Sims Corner Eskers and Kames|Sims Corner Eskers and Kames National Natural Landscape]] in [[Washington]]. In Ontario, there are two [[provincial park]]s, both designated as [[World Conservation Union|IUCN]] category Ia [[nature reserve]]s, which were created to protect important and undisturbed kame features. They are [[Minnitaki Kames Provincial Park‎]] and [[Bonheur River Kame Provincial Park]]. ==See also== * [[Glacial landforms]] * [[Moraine]] ==References== * {{cite book | last = Easterbrook | first = Don J. | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Surface Processes and Landforms | publisher = Prentice Hall | date = 1999 | location = Upper Saddle River, New Jersey | pages = 352-357 | url = | doi = | id = ISBN 0-13-860958-6 }} * {{cite book | last = Tarbuck | first = Edward J. | authorlink = | coauthors = Frederick K. Lutgens | title = Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geography | publisher = Prentice Hall | date = 2002 | location = Upper Saddle River, New Jersey | pages = 351 | url = | doi = | id = ISBN 0-13-092025-8 }} * {{cite book | last = Trenhaile | first = Alan | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Geomorphology: A Canadian Perspective | publisher = Oxford University Press | date = 2007 | location = Don Mills, Ontario | pages = 187-8 | url = | doi = | id = ISBN 0-19-542474-3 }} [[Category:Glaciology]] [[Category:Kames]] [[de:Kame]] [[et:Mõhn]] [[fr:Kame]] [[hi:केम]] [[lv:Kēms]] [[hu:Kame]] [[pl:Kem (geomorfologia)]] [[pt:Kame]]