Karl H. Pribram 297810 221157548 2008-06-23T08:21:18Z 91.80.214.254 {{Citations missing|article|date=January 2008}} {{distinguish2|[[Karl Přibram]], economist}} [[Image:Pribram Tucson2.jpg|frame|left]] {{Neuropsychology}} '''Karl H. Pribram''' (born [[February 25]], [[1919]] in [[Vienna, Austria]]) is a professor at [[Georgetown University]] and [[George Mason University]], and an emeritus professor of [[psychology]] and [[psychiatry]] at [[Stanford University]] and [[Radford University]]. [[American Board of Medical Specialties|Board-certified]] as a [[neurosurgeon]], Pribram did pioneering work on the definition of the [[limbic system]], the relationship of the [[frontal cortex]] to the limbic system, the sensory-specific "association" cortex of the [[parietal lobe|parietal]] and [[temporal lobe]]s, and the classical [[motor cortex]] of the human [[brain]]. To the general public, Pribram is best known for his development of the [[holonomic brain model]] of [[cognitive function]] and his contribution to ongoing neurological research into memory, emotion, motivation and [[consciousness]]. American author [[Katherine Neville]] is his significant other. == Holonomic model == {{main|Holonomic brain theory}} Pribram's [[holography|holonomic]] model, developed in collaboration with quantum physicist [[David Bohm]], theorizes that [[memory]]/information is stored not in [[Cell (biology)|cells]], but rather in wave [[interference pattern]]s. Pribram was drawn to this conclusion by two facts: * There are [[visual cortex]] response functions that correspond to [[Dennis Gabor|Gabor functions]], which in turn are related to hologram image functions. * Drastic [[lesions]] can be made in animal brains which reduce, but ''do not extinguish'' memories (training), as demonstrated by [[Karl Lashley]] in the 1920s. To formulate his model, Pribram utilized [[Fourier analysis]], based on the [[Fourier Theorem]], a variation of calculus that transforms complex patterns into component [[sine waves]]. Some believe that Pribram's theory also explains how the human brain can store so many memories in the engram in such limited space. Pribram believes the brain operates according to the same mathematical principles as a hologram. Bohm has suggested these wave forms may compose hologram-like organizations. Technological advances associated with brain wave patterns, such as [[neuroimaging]] and [[transcranial magnetic stimulation]] (TMS), have provided understanding that was foreshadowed by the insights of Pribram and Bohm. TMS offers the potential for improving diagnostic objectivity and the efficacy of psychiatric interventions. Researchers have made significant advances with TMS brain implants, which focus magnetic pulses on specific brain regions, thereby perhaps altering the neurological wave patterns that Pribram describes. ==Other contributions== In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Pribram's work and neurobehavioral experiments established the composition of the limbic system. Over the next decades, much was learned about the function of the limbic system, the executive functions of the anterior [[prefrontal cortex]], and the role of the [[basal ganglia]] in organizing our emotions and motivations. Pribram also discovered the sensory specific systems of the [[cerebral cortex#association areas|association cortex]], and showed that these systems operate to organize the choices we make among sensory stimuli, not the sensing of the stimuli themselves. ==Bibliography== ===Books=== * {{cite book| last =Miller| first =George| coauthors =Galanter, Eugene, & Pribram, Karl| title =Plans and the structure of behavior| publisher =[[Holt, Rinehart and Winston]]| year =1960| location =[[New York City|New York]]| isbn=0030100755 }} * {{cite book| last =Pribram| first =Karl H.| title =Brain and behaviour| publisher =[[Penguin Books]]| year =1969| location =Hammondsworth| isbn=0140805214 }} * {{cite book| last =Pribram| first =Karl| title = Languages of the brain; experimental paradoxes and principles in neuropsychology| publisher =[[Prentice-Hall]]| location =[[Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey|Englewood Cliffs, N. J.]]| year =1971| isbn =0135227305 }} * {{cite book| last =Pribram| first =Karl| coauthors =Gill, Morton M.| title = Freud's "Project" re-assessed: preface to contemporary cognitive theory and neuropsychology| publisher =Basic Books| year =1976| location =[[New York City|New York]]| isbn=0465025692}} * {{cite book| last =Pribram| first =Karl| title = Brain and perception: holonomy and structure in figural processing| publisher =[[Lawrence Erlbaum Associates]]| year =1991| location =[[Hillsdale, New Jersey|Hillsdale, N. J.]]| isbn =0898599954 }} * {{cite book| last =Globus| first =Gordon G.| coauthors =Pribram, Karl H., & Vitiello, Giuseppe| title = Brain And Being: At The Boundary Between Science, Philosophy, Language, And Arts (Advances in Consciousness Research, 58)| publisher =John Benjamins Publishing Co.| date =[[2004-09-30]]| isbn =158811550X }} ===Edited by Pribram=== * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl (ed.)| title =On the biology of learning| publisher =[[Harcourt Trade Publishers|Harcourt Brace & World]]| year =1969| location =[[New York City|New York]]| isbn=0155675206 }} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl, & Broadbent, Donald (eds.)| title =Biology of memory| publisher =Academic Press| year =1970| location =[[New York City|New York]]| isbn=0125643500}} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, K. H., & Luria, A. R. (eds.)| title =Psychophysiology of the frontal lobes| publisher =Academic Press| year =1973| location =[[New York City|New York]]| isbn=0125643403 }} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl, & Isaacson, Robert L. (eds.)| title =The Hippocampus| publisher =Plenum Press| year =1975| location =[[New York City|New York]]| isbn=0306375354 }} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl (ed.)| title = Rethinking neural networks: quantum fields and biological data| publisher =[[Lawrence Erlbaum Associates|Erlbaum]]| year =1993| location =[[Hillsdale, New Jersey|Hillsdale, N. J.]]| isbn=0805814663 }} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl (ed.)| title = Origins: brain and self organization| publisher =[[Lawrence Erlbaum Associates|Lawrence Erlbaum]]| year =1994| location =[[Hillsdale, New Jersey|Hillsdale, N. J.]]| isbn=0805817867 }} * {{cite book| author =King, Joseph, & Pribram, Karl (eds.)| title = Scale in conscious experience: Is the brain too important to be left to the specialists to study?| publisher =[[Lawrence Erlbaum Associates]]| year =1995| location =[[Mahwah, New Jersey|Mahwah, N. J.]]| isbn =0805821783 }} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl, &K ing, Joseph (eds.)| title =Learning as self-organization| publisher =[[Lawrence Erlbaum Associates|L. Erlbaum Associates]]| year=1996| location =[[Mahwah, New Jersey|Mahwah, N. J.]]| isbn=080582586X }} * {{cite book| author =Pribram, Karl (ed.)| title = Brain and values: is a biological science of values possible| publisher =[[Lawrence Erlbaum Associates]]| year =1998| location =[[Mahwah, New Jersey|Mahwah, N. J.]]| isbn =0805831541}} ===Articles=== * {{cite web| last =Pribram| first =Karl| title =Brain and Mathematics| publisher =Pari Center for New Learning| year =2004| url =http://www.paricenter.com/library/papers/pribram01.php| accessdate =2007-10-25}} * {{cite web| title =Like Bohm, Karl Pribram sees the holographic nature of reality| work =The Ground of Faith| year =2003| month =October| url =http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~thegroundoffaith/issues/2003-10/pribram.html| accessdate =2007-10-25}} * {{cite web| last =Mishlove| first =Jeffrey| title =The Holographic Brain with Karl Pribram, Ph.D.| work =TWM.co.nz| year =1998| url =http://twm.co.nz/pribram.htm| accessdate =2007-10-25}} ==External links== * [http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~sai/pribram.htm "The Holographic Brain"] - Dr. Jeffrey Mishlove interviews Karl Pribham * [http://www.acsa2000.net/bcngroup/jponkp/ "Comparison between Holographic Brain Theory and conventional models of neuronal computation"] – academic paper on Pribham's work * [http://www.katherineneville.com/karl_havel_prize.htm "Pribram Receives Havel Prize For His Work in Neuroscience"] – news article *[http://www.immaginehdv.com/detail.php?c=2&i=b90c95bf29b3909ced9b95a10d865cd329684d33 Global Lens Interview ] (Video) {{DEFAULTSORT:Pribram, Karl H.}} [[Category:1919 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:American neuroscientists]] [[Category:Austrian-Americans]] [[Category:Austrian neuroscientists]] [[Category:Consciousness researchers and theorists]] [[Category:Georgetown University faculty]] [[Category:George Mason University faculty]] [[Category:Neurosurgeons]] [[Category:History of neuroscience]] [[Category:Stanford University faculty]] [[Category:People from Vienna]] [[de:Karl H. Pribram]] [[fa:کارل پریبرام]] [[fr:Karl H. Pribram]] [[it:Karl Pribram]]