Karl von Frisch
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[[image:1ofrisck002p1.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Karl von Frisch 1961]]
'''Karl Ritter von Frisch''' ([[November 20]] [[1886]] – [[June 12]] [[1982]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[ethology|ethologist]] who received the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in [[1973]], along with [[Nikolaas Tinbergen]] and [[Konrad Lorenz]].
He studied [[zoology]] with [[Richard von Hertwig]] whom he later succeeded as a professor of [[zoology]] at [[Munich, Germany]]. He studied the senses of [[bee]]s, identified their mechanisms of communication and showed their sensitivity to [[ultraviolet]] and [[polarized]] light. In the center of his work were the study of the sensory perceptions of the [[honey bee]] and was one of the first who translated the meaning of the [[waggle dance]]. The theory was disputed by other scientists and greeted with skepticism at the time. Only recently was it definitively proved to be an accurate theoretical analysis (see Nature magazine reference).
In [[1973]] he was awarded [[Nobel Prize]] in [[physiology]] and [[medicine]] for his achievements in [[comparative behavioral physiology]] and pioneering work in communication between insects.
Frisch's [[honey bee]] work included the study of the [[pheromones]] that are emitted by the [[Queen bee]] and her daughters, which maintain the [[hive]]'s very complex social order. [[Pheromones]] are chemical odors one organism emits to communicate with another organism, most likely for reproductive reasons. Outside the [[hive]], the pheromones cause the male bees, or [[drones]], to become attracted to a queen and mate with it. Inside the hive, the drones are not affected by the odor.
==See also==
*[[List of Austrian scientists]]
*[[List of Austrians]]
*[[Apiology]]
==Notes==
{{German title Ritter}}
==External links and references==
* Karl Von Frisch, [http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/FRIDAN.html ''The Dance Language and Orientation of Bees''], (1967) [[Harvard University Press]]
* [http://www.polarization.com/bees/bees.html Dance and communication of honey bees]
* The flight paths of honeybees recruited by the waggle dance, [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] 435, May 2005, pp.205-207.
* [http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1973/frisch-lecture.html Karl von Frisch, ''Decoding the Language of the Bee'', Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1973]
* [http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per308 Biography and bibliography] in the Virtual Laboratory of the [[Max Planck Institute for the History of Science]]
{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1951-1975}}
{{NeuroethologyNavbox}}
{{BD|1886|1982|Frisch, Karl von}}
[[Category:Austrian nobility]]
[[Category:Beekeepers]]
[[Category:Beekeeping]]
[[Category:Ethologists]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine]]
[[Category:Kalinga Prize recipients]]
[[Category:People from Vienna]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)]]
[[Category:University of Vienna alumni]]
[[Category:University of Munich alumni]]
[[Category:University of Munich faculty]]
[[Category:University of Rostock faculty]]
[[Category:University of Wrocław faculty]]
[[Category:University of Graz faculty]]
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