Khabarovsk
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CommonsDelinker
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{{Infobox Russian city
|EnglishName=Khabarovsk
|RussianName=Хабаровск
|Skyline
|SkylineLegend
|LatDeg=48
|LatMin=29
|LatSec
|LonDeg=135
|LonMin=4
|LonSec
|LocatorMap
|LocatorMapLegend
|CoatOfArms=Coat of Arms of Khabarovsk.png
|Flag
|CityDay=Last Sunday of May
|FederalSubject=[[Khabarovsk Krai]]
|MunStatus=Urban okrug
|InJurisdictionOf=[[Khabarovsk Krai]]
|AdmCtrOf=[[Khabarovsk Krai]], <br> [[Khabarovsky District]]
|LeaderType=Mayor
|LeaderName=Alexander Sokolov
|Legislature=[[Khabarovsk City Duma|City Duma]]
|Charter=[[Charter of Khabarovsk]]
|Area_km2=372
|AreaRank
|Population=583072
|PopulationRank=25th
|FoundationDate=[[May 31]], [[1858]]
|Event1=Town status
|Event1Date=1880
|PostalCode=680xxx
|DialingCode=4212
|Website=http://khabarovskadm.ru/
}}
'''Khabarovsk''' ({{lang-ru|Хаба́ровск}}, {{IPA2|xʌ'barɘfsk}}; {{zh-cp|c=伯力|p=''Bólì''}}) is the administrative center and the largest [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|city]] of [[Khabarovsk Krai]], [[Russia]]. It is located some 30 km from the [[People's Republic of China|Chinese]] border. It is the second largest city in the [[Russian Far East]], after [[Vladivostok]]. The city became the administrative center of the [[Far Eastern Federal District]] of Russia in 2002. Population: 579,000 (2005 est.); {{ru-census|p02=583072|p89=600623}}
[[Image:Khabarovsk Cathedral 1.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Russian Orthodox Cathedral in Khabarovsk]][[Image:Khabarovsk Lenin Square.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Lenin Square in City centre]][[Image:Khabarovsk church on top of a hill.jpg|thumb|left|200px|View along main Street]][[Image:Khabarovsk Old Duma.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Old City Duma in Khabarovsk]]
==History==
The area was originally part of Manchuria, part of Manchu-ruled [[Imperial China]] and was called '''Boli'''. The Manchurian hamlet dates back to the 12th century. [http://vn.vladnews.ru/arch/1998/iss169/focus.html].
On March 26 1652, [[Cossacks]] were attacked by a joint Manchu cavalry near '''Achansk''' ({{lang|ru|Ачанск}}), a Russian fort corresponding to the present-day Khabarovsk, but failed to take the fort. However, in 1654, a joint Manchu-Korean army met a Russian army at the Battle of Hutong ([[hangul]]: 후퉁강 [[hanja]]: 厚通江 (混同江)), which was won by Manchu-Korean allied forces. Four years later,in 1658, Hyojong sent troops once again to help the Qing Dynasty against Russia; 260 Korean musketeers and cannoners were sent to fight against the Russians under command of an Amur [[Cossack]], [[Onufrij Stepanov]] ({{lang|ru|Онуфрий Степанов-Кузнец}}). Manchu-Korean forces met the Russians at Sharhody (Chinese: 沙尔虎达 {{lang|ru|Шарходы/Шарходе}} [[hangul]]:의례목성 (어라이무청)), on the mouth of the [[Sungari River]], killing 270 Russians and driving them out of Manchu territory. Those campaigns are better known in Korean chronicles as, ''Nasun Jeongbeol'' ([[hangul]]: 나선정벌 [[hanja]]: 羅禪征伐 {{lang|ru|Усмирении России}}).
In 1858, the area was ceded to Russia under the [[Treaty of Aigun]]. The Russians founded the military outpost of '''Khabarovka''' ({{lang|ru|Хаба́ровка}}), [http://vn.vladnews.ru/arch/1998/iss169/focus.html] named after a Russian [[list of explorers|explorer]] [[Yerofey Khabarov]]. The post later became an important industrial centre for the region.
The city lies at the [[confluence (geography)|confluence]] of the [[Amur River|Amur]] and [[Ussuri River]]s, about {{km to mi|800}} north of [[Vladivostok]] and is accessible from there by an overnight train running along the [[Trans-Siberian railway]]. Rail distance from [[Moscow]] is {{km to mi|8523}}.
In 1894, a department of [[Russian Geographical Society]] was formed in Khabarovsk and began initiating the foundation of libraries, theaters, and museums in the city. Since then, Khabarovsk's cultural life has flourished. Much of the local indigenous history has been well-preserved in the Regional Lore Museum and Natural History Museum and in places like near the [[Nanai]] settlement of [[Sikhachi-Alyan]], where cliff drawings from more than 1,300 years ago can be found. The Khabarovsk Art Museum exhibits a rare collection of old Russian icons.
==Tourism==
Visitors to the picturesque city of Khabarovsk are likely to enjoy walking the broad [[Amursky Boulevard]] with its many vibrant shops and perhaps visit the local market. The city's five districts stretch for {{km to mi|45}} along the Amur River.
Recently, there have been many renovations in the city's central part, rebuilding with historical perspective. A popular attraction for visitors is a walking tour from the [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]] Square to Utes via [[Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky|Muravyov-Amursky]] Street, where visitors can find traditional Russian cuisine restaurants and shops with souvenirs. There are many night clubs and pubs in this area.
Unlike [[Vladivostok]], the city has never been closed to foreigners, despite its being the headquarters of the [[Far East Military District]], and retains its historically international flavor. Once the capital of the [[Soviet Far East]] (from 1926 to 1938), since the demise of the [[Soviet Union]] it has experienced an increased Asian presence. It is estimated that over one million Chinese travel to and through Khabarovsk yearly, and foreign investment by [[Japan]]ese and [[South Korea|Korean]] corporations has grown in recent years.
Khabarovsk is served by [[Khabarovsk Novy Airport]] with international flights to [[East Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[European Russia]], and [[Central Asia]].
The city of Khabarovsk was also the site of the [[Khabarovsk War Crime Trials]], in which twelve former members of the Japanese [[Kwantung Army]] were put on [[trial (law)|trial]] for the manufacture and use of [[biological weapons]] during [[World War II]]. See [[Unit 731]].
==Notable Residents==
*Birthplace of NHL and Russian hockey great [[Alexander Mogilny]]
==[[Sister city|Sister cities]]==
*{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Bucheon]], [[South Korea|Korea]]
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Niigata, Niigata|Niigata]], [[Japan]]
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[Anchorage, Alaska]], [[United States]]
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[Portland, Oregon]], [[United States]]
*{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Victoria, British Columbia]], [[Canada]]
<br clear=all><!--Infobox begins-->{{Infobox Weather
|metric_first= Yes
|single_line= Yes
|location = Khabarovsk
|Jan_Hi_°C = -16.9 |Jan_REC_Hi_°C = 0.2
|Feb_Hi_°C = -12.0 |Feb_REC_Hi_°C = 6.3
|Mar_Hi_°C = -2.3 |Mar_REC_Hi_°C = 17.0
|Apr_Hi_°C = 9.2 |Apr_REC_Hi_°C = 24.8
|May_Hi_°C = 17.7 |May_REC_Hi_°C = 31.6
|Jun_Hi_°C = 23.2 |Jun_REC_Hi_°C = 32.8
|Jul_Hi_°C = 26.1 |Jul_REC_Hi_°C = 38.3
|Aug_Hi_°C = 24.4 |Aug_REC_Hi_°C = 35.6
|Sep_Hi_°C = 18.4 |Sep_REC_Hi_°C = 28.9
|Oct_Hi_°C = 9.6 |Oct_REC_Hi_°C = 25.8
|Nov_Hi_°C = -3.5 |Nov_REC_Hi_°C = 15.5
|Dec_Hi_°C = -14.0 |Dec_REC_Hi_°C = 6.6
|Year_Hi_°C = 6.8 |Year_REC_Hi_°C = 38.3
|Jan_Lo_°C = -24.4 |Jan_REC_Lo_°C = -38.9
|Feb_Lo_°C = -20.9 |Feb_REC_Lo_°C = -35.1
|Mar_Lo_°C = -11.8 |Mar_REC_Lo_°C = -28.9
|Apr_Lo_°C = -0.6 |Apr_REC_Lo_°C = -15.1
|May_Lo_°C = 6.5 |May_REC_Lo_°C = -3.1
|Jun_Lo_°C = 12.8 |Jun_REC_Lo_°C = 2.4
|Jul_Lo_°C = 16.8 |Jul_REC_Lo_°C = 7.9
|Aug_Lo_°C = 15.8 |Aug_REC_Lo_°C = 4.8
|Sep_Lo_°C = 9.3 |Sep_REC_Lo_°C = -3.3
|Oct_Lo_°C = 0.7 |Oct_REC_Lo_°C = -15.6
|Nov_Lo_°C = -11.1 |Nov_REC_Lo_°C = -27.4
|Dec_Lo_°C = -21.0 |Dec_REC_Lo_°C = -36.7
|Year_Lo_°C = -2.2 |Year_REC_Lo_°C = -38.9
<!--**** use mm or cm but not both! ****-->
|Jan_Precip_cm = |Jan_Precip_mm = 15
|Feb_Precip_cm = |Feb_Precip_mm = 11
|Mar_Precip_cm = |Mar_Precip_mm = 17
|Apr_Precip_cm = |Apr_Precip_mm = 43
|May_Precip_cm = |May_Precip_mm = 58
|Jun_Precip_cm = |Jun_Precip_mm = 82
|Jul_Precip_cm = |Jul_Precip_mm = 144
|Aug_Precip_cm = |Aug_Precip_mm = 154
|Sep_Precip_cm = |Sep_Precip_mm = 89
|Oct_Precip_cm = |Oct_Precip_mm = 51
|Nov_Precip_cm = |Nov_Precip_mm = 23
|Dec_Precip_cm = |Dec_Precip_mm = 18
|Year_Precip_cm = |Year_Precip_mm = 705
|source = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web
| url = http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/31735.htm | title = Pogoda.ru.net| accessmonthday = September 8| accessyear = 2007
| publisher = | language = Russian}}</ref>
|accessdate = 8.09.2007
<!--|source2 = <ref name= >{{cite web
| url = | title = | accessmonthday = | accessyear =
| publisher = | language = }}</ref>-->
|accessdate2 = -->
}}<!--Infobox ends-->
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*A.M. Bodisko. From life of Khabarovsk. Khabarovsk, 1913.
*Nikolay P. Kradin. It is protected by the state: The Monuments of Architecture in Khabarovsk. Khabarovsk: Chastnaya kollektsiya, 1999. 192 p.ISBN 5-7875-0011-3
==External links==
{{Commonscat|Khabarovsk}}
* [http://khabarovskadm.ru/ Khabarovsk city Administration]
*{{ko icon}} [http://mtcha.com.ne.kr/korea-term/sosun/term86-nasunjungbul.htm Manchu-Korean expedition against Russian expansion (나선정벌 (羅禪征伐)]
*{{ko icon}} [http://dicimg.empas.com/art/k03n001801m4.jpg map of the Manchu-Korean expedition against Russian expansion (나선정벌 (羅禪征伐)]
*{{ru icon}} [http://vestnik.tripod.com/articles/conflicts.html Major problems of Russian-Korean relationship]
*{{ru icon}} [http://subscribe.ru/archive/history.chinawar/200704/29212514.html CHINA AND RUSSIA relationship and history ]
{{Cities and towns in Khabarovsk Krai}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Khabarovsk Krai]]
[[ar:خاباروفسك]]
[[be:Горад Хабараўск]]
[[be-x-old:Хабараўск]]
[[bg:Хабаровск]]
[[cs:Chabarovsk]]
[[de:Chabarowsk]]
[[et:Habarovsk]]
[[es:Jabárovsk]]
[[eo:Ĥabarovsk]]
[[fr:Khabarovsk]]
[[ko:하바롭스크]]
[[io:Khabarovsk]]
[[id:Khabarovsk]]
[[os:Хабаровск]]
[[it:Chabarovsk]]
[[he:חברובסק]]
[[lv:Habarovska]]
[[lt:Chabarovskas]]
[[lmo:Khabarovsk]]
[[hu:Habarovszk]]
[[nl:Chabarovsk]]
[[ja:ハバロフスク]]
[[no:Khabarovsk]]
[[nn:Khabarovsk]]
[[pl:Chabarowsk]]
[[pt:Khabarovsk]]
[[ro:Habarovsk]]
[[ru:Хабаровск]]
[[sk:Chabarovsk]]
[[sr:Хабаровск]]
[[fi:Habarovsk]]
[[sv:Chabarovsk]]
[[tl:Khabarovsk]]
[[tr:Habarovsk]]
[[uk:Хабаровськ]]
[[zh:哈巴罗夫斯克]]