Khatlon
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2008-07-11T14:18:11Z
Ahonc
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/* Districts */ Khamadoni
{{Geobox Region
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| capital = [[Qurghonteppa]]
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'''Khatlon''' ({{TaPA}}: Хатлон/ختلان), sometimes misspelt ''Khatlan'', is the most populous of the four administrative divisions and one of the three [[provinces of Tajikistan|provinces]] (or [[Wilayah|Вилоятҳо]], ''Viloyatho'') in [[Tajikistan]]. It is situated in the southwest of the country, between the [[Hissar]] range in the north and the [[Panj River]] in the south and borders on [[Afghanistan]] in the southeast and on [[Uzbekistan]] in the west. During Soviet times Khatlon was divided into the [[Qurghonteppa Oblast]] (Western Khatlon) – with the [[Kofarnihon]] and [[Vakhsh River|Vakhsh]] river valleys – and the [[Kulob Oblast]] region (Eastern Khatlon). Both regions were merged in November 1992 into the Khatlon oblast. The capital is the city of [[Qurghonteppa]], formerly known as [[Kurgan-Tyube]].
Khatlon has an area of 24,600 square kilometres and consists of 25 districts – 14 in Western Khatlon and 11 in Eastern Khatlon. The total population of Khatlon in 2000 was 2,149.5 Million – 1,074.2 men and 1,075.3 women. The population in Khatlon is mainly engaged with agricultural activities, especially [[cotton]] growing and [[cattle]] raising. Only two or three percent of the population is working in the industrial sector.
==History==
During the [[Soviet]] era, Khatlon became one of the two main cotton regions in Tajikistan. The other one is in [[Sughd]] (Leninabad). Collectivisation of agriculture was implemented aggressively in the early 1930s, to expand the extent of cotton cultivation in Tajikistan as a whole, with particular emphasis on the southern part of the republic. The process included violations against peasants, substantial expansion of the [[irrigation]] network, and forcible resettlement of mountain peoples and people from [[Uzbekistan]] to the lowlands.<ref name=atkin>[[Muriel Atkin]]. ''Tajikistan'' in: Glenn E. Curtis (ed.): Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, Country Studies, [[Washington D.C.|Washington]]: [[1997]]. pp. 197-290. </ref>
The results of this policy are to be seen in the ethnic composition of Salua oblast as well as in the fact that the Tajik population identifies themselves either as [[Gharmis]] (resettled from the mountains) or [[Kulobis]]. These groups never melted, and fought against each other during the [[Civil War in Tajikistan]]. Khatlon oblast suffered the heaviest damage in Tajikistan.
Since the conflicts leading to the civil war were never really resolved, tensions in the region still exist. The eastern part – [[Kulob]] – is home to the [[President of Tajikistan|president]] and his clan and has thus gained a lot of political influence. During Soviet times, the region cooperated with the then ruling elite from Leninabad, and was responsible for the militia, the army and the security forces. [[Kulob]] is regarded as a very conservative region. In the capital [[Qurghonteppa]] and parts of Kulob, the [[Islamic]] opposition has a lot of support among the Garmis.
The ''Kulyab clan'' is a [[clan]] based in [[Khatlon]], [[Tajikistan]].<ref name=OVERVIEW>[http://ismaili.net/mirrors/112_tajik/tajkethn.html Ethnic groups at risk: The status of Tajiks] Heritage Society</ref> In February 1996 Colonel [[Mahmud Khudoiberdiyev]] launched a rebellion, insisting that three officials from the Kulyab clan resign before he ended the rebellion. The government complied. Additionally, [[Prime Minister of Tajikistan|Prime Minister]] [[Dzhamshed Karimov]] and Abudzhalil Khamidov, the Chairman of the Leninabad oblast executive committee, resigned.<ref name=RESIG>[http://jamestown.org/print_friendly.php?volume_id=3&issue_id=125&article_id=1480 Tajikistan: Central Asian Powderkeg] The Jamestown Foundation</ref>
==Districts==
*[[Baljuvon district]]
*[[Beshkent district]]
*[[Bokhtar district]]
*[[Vakhsh district]]
*[[Vose' district]]
*[[Ghozimalik district]]
*[[Danghara district]]
*[[Yovon district]]
*[[Rumi district]]
*[[Khamadoni district]]
*[[Kulob district]]
*[[Qabodiyon district]]
*[[Qizil-Mazor district]]
*[[Qumsangir district]]
*[[Muminobod district]]
*[[Norak district]]
*[[Panj district]]
*[[Sarband district]]
*[[Farkhor district]]
*[[Khovaling district]]
*[[Dzhami district]]
*[[Chubek district]]
*[[Jilikul district]]
*[[Shahrtuz district]]
*[[Shuro-obod district]]
==Demography==
The ethnic composition of Kulob region is: 85 % [[Tajiks]], 13 % [[Uzbeks]], 2 % others. In Qurghonteppa the breakdown is 59 % Tajiks, 32 % Uzbeks and three percent [[Russia]]n.
==See also==
*[[2006 Tajikistan earthquake]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Provinces and regions of Tajikistan}}
[[Category:Provinces of Tajikistan]]
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[[bg:Хатлонска област]]
[[et:Hatloni vilajett]]
[[es:Provincia de Khatlon]]
[[fa:استان ختلان]]
[[fr:Khatlon]]
[[id:Khatlon]]
[[it:Chatlon]]
[[lt:Chatlono provincija]]
[[nl:Khatlon]]
[[no:Khatlon]]
[[pl:Wilajet chatloński]]
[[pt:Khatlon]]
[[ru:Хатлонская область]]
[[sv:Chatlon]]
[[tg:Вилояти Хатлон]]
[[tr:Hatlon]]
[[zh:哈特隆州]]