Kizlyar
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'''Kizlyar''' ({{lang-ru|Кизля́р}}) is a town in the [[Dagestan|Republic of Dagestan]], [[Russia]], located in the [[River delta|delta]] of the [[Terek River]] 221 km northwest of [[Makhachkala]]. [[Population]]: 48,457 ([[Russian Census (2002)|2002 Census]]); 30,000 (1970).
The first reference to Kizlyar dates back to 1609, although some historians associate the place with [[Samandar (city)|Samandar]], the 8th-century capital of [[Khazaria]]. In 1735, the Russian government built a [[fortress]] in Kizlyar and laid foundations for the [[Caucasus]] fortified borderline. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Kizlyar was one of the [[trading post]]s between Russia and the [[Middle East]] and [[Central Asia]]. In January 1996, the local airbase was raided by the Chechen separatists in the course of the [[Kizlyar raid]], which claimed the lives of 78 Russian soldiers.
In the early 19th century, Kizlyar became a center of [[viticulture]] and [[wine making]]. The local "cognac factory" ({{lang|ru|Кизлярский Коньячный Завод}}) produces a variety of alcoholic beverages but specializes primarily in a regional variant of [[brandy]], marketed throughout Russia as "[[Cognac (drink)|cognac]]".
{{Cities and towns in Dagestan}}
{{coor title dm|43|51|N|46|43|E|}}
[[Category:Wine regions of Russia]]
{{South-Russia-geo-stub}}
[[ar:كيزليار]]
[[av:Кизляр]]
[[be:Горад Кізляр]]
[[cv:Кизляр]]
[[da:Kizljar]]
[[de:Kisljar]]
[[et:Kizljar]]
[[eo:Kizlar]]
[[fr:Kizliar]]
[[ko:키즐랴르]]
[[hr:Kizljar]]
[[id:Kizlyar]]
[[csb:Kizlar]]
[[nl:Kizljar (Dagestan)]]
[[no:Kizljar]]
[[pl:Kizlar]]
[[ru:Кизляр]]
[[fi:Kizljar]]
[[tr:Kizlyar]]