Krajina
293692
223512358
2008-07-04T11:36:53Z
Lightbot
7178666
Units/dates/other
'''Krajina''' is a [[Slavic languages|Slavic]] [[toponym]].
==Ethymology==
In [[Croatian language|Croatian]], it refers to area around certain smaller city. The term is mostly applied in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]] and neighbouring areas of Zagora on the west.
In some [[South Slavs|South Slavic]] languages, the word ''krajina'' refers primarily to [[border]] or [[marches|borderland]] of a country, with established military defence, and secondarily to a region, area, or landscape<ref name=RSHKJ>{{cite book |last= Group of authors| title=Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика, vol. 3 |year=1969 |publisher= Matica srpska/Matica hrvatska |location=Novi Sad/Zagreb |language=Serbo-Croatian |page=30 |chapter=Кра̏јина }}</ref>. The word kraj means end or extremity. [[Archaism|Archaically]], it could mean "[[army]]" or "[[war]]"<ref name=RSHKJ/>. The term is equal to [[German language|German]] ''Mark'' and [[French language|French]] ''marche''<ref>{{cite book |last=Group of authors |editor=colonel-general Nikola Gažević |title= Vojna enciklopedija, vol. 4 |year=1972 |publisher= |location=Belgrade |language=Serbian |page= 681 |chapter=Krajina }}</ref>.
In other [[Slavic languages]], the term could have other meanings.
==Geographical regions==
* [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
** [[Bosanska Krajina]], around [[Banja Luka]] and encompassing a larger area, also on older maps called ''Turkish Croatia''; westwards from Vrbas river, on the NW from Završje (on older maps, Završje is a part of Croazia Turca, Türkisch Kroatien, Török Horvátország <ref>[http://pandi.adatbank.transindex.ro/index.php?kezd=1840&kat=&ev=&action=&mutato=&kezdoev=&vegzoev=&kezdohonap=&vegzohonap=&szo= Pándi Lajos - Köztes Európa 1756-1997]</ref>)
** [[Cazinska Krajina]], borderland of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]] towards [[Croatia]] around the city of [[Cazin]]. Some call it Turska Krajina (Turkish Krajina) since the majority of the population in this area are Muslims.
In older maps, both areas were called ''Croazia Turca/Croatia Turcica/Török Horvátország''<ref>[http://cronologia.leonardo.it/umanita/slavi/cap105.htm, Slavi - la genesi del mondo - storia delle civilta']</ref><ref>[http://www.biskupija-banjaluka.org/obespravljeni/italiano/VIII_pog.htm Diocese of Banja Luka] </ref><ref> [http://www.novaetvetera.it/articolo.php?id=73&idg=12 _ Nova et Vetera - Periodico cattolico 1/2001]</ref><ref>Augusto Kaznačić: ''Bosnia, Hercegovina e Croazia-Turca : notizie riunite e tradotte / da Augusto Kaznačić'', Printed at fratelli Battara in Zadar, 1862 </ref> ''Türkish Kroatien'', ''Turkish Croatia'' (in narrow sense)
*[[Croatia]]
** [[Cetinska krajina]], area along the valley of river [[Cetina]] in the southern [[Croatia]], in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]], to the east from [[Herzegovina]] ([[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]), mostly containing [[Sinjsko polje]]
** [[Drniška krajina]], area around the city of [[Drniš]] in southern [[Croatia]], in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]], to west from Cetinska krajina
** [[Imotska krajina]], area around the city of [[Imotski]], in southern [[Croatia]], in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]] mostly containing [[Imotsko polje]], to east from Cetinska and Omiška krajina, to west from Vrgoračka krajina; also the name of the soccer club from Imotski
** [[Kninska Krajina]], region around Knin in southern Croatia, to north from Drniška krajina and northeast from Cetinska krajina
** [[Omiška krajina]], region in hinterland of city of [[Omiš]], in [[Croatia]]n south, in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]]; to east from Cetinska krajina, to west from Cetinska krajina
** municipality of Krajina, a municipality in Croatia, existed from 1912-1945 [http://prubic.tripod.com/pages/povijest.htm]
** [[Sinjska krajina]], area in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]], in southern [[Croatia]], around the city of [[Sinj]], west from [[Livno|Livanjski kraj]], southeast from Vrlička krajina (sometimes considered as part of Cetinska krajina)
** [[Vrgoračka krajina]], area in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]], in southern [[Croatia]], around the city of [[Vrgorac]], southwest from [[Herzegovina]] and west from [[Neretva]] valley, to east from Imotska krajina
** [[Vrlička krajina]], area in [[Zagora (Croatia)|Zagora]], in southern [[Croatia]], around the city of [[Vrlika]], west from [[Livno|Livanjski kraj]], northwest from Cetinska krajina (sometimes considered as part of Cetinska krajina)
** Krajina is also a Croat surname
** a part of peri-littoral area near Makarska in Croatia is called Krajina (see reference)
*[[Montenegro]]
** [[Krajina, Montenegro|Krajina]], region in [[Montenegro]] that is towards the north from [[Bar, Montenegro|Bar]] and [[Ulcinj]], across the mountain. It borders [[Skadar Lake]] on its northern edge. <!-- I've looked former YU maps, it says only "Krajina". -->
*[[Poland]]
** [[Krajna]], on the border of provinces [[Greater Poland]] and [[Pomerania]]
*[[Serbia]]
** [[Timočka Krajina]], borderland of [[Serbia]] towards [[Bulgaria]] around [[Timok River]]
*** [[Negotinska Krajina]], a part of Timočka Krajina around the city of [[Negotin]]
** [[Koča's krajina]], an area liberated during eighth Austrian-Turkish war
*[[Slovenia]]
** [[Bela krajina]], borderland of [[Slovenia]] towards [[Croatia]]
==Political regions==
*[[Austria-Hungary]]
** [[Military Krajina]] (Military Frontier, ''Militärgrenze''), borderland of [[Austria]] against the [[Ottoman Empire]]. It was divided into:
*** [[Banat Krajina]] (on the Serbian-Romanian border)
*** [[Croatian Krajina]] (on the border of western Croatia and Bosnia)
*** [[Slavonian Krajina]] (on the border of Serbia and eastern Croatia towards Bosnia)
Political units formed during the [[war in Croatia]] in the 1990s:
*[[Republic of Serbian Krajina]]
*[[SAO Krajina]]
*[[SAO Kninska Krajina]], Kninska Krajina since the Yugoslav wars is used by some to signify two regions Knin and its surroundings, and to a larger extend Krajina proper (referring to main portion of Republic of Serb Krajina).
*[[SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Srem]], sometimes called Podunavska Krajina
Political unit formed during the [[war in Bosnia and Herzegovina]] in the 1990s:
*[[SAO Bosanska Krajina]]
Where the term "Serbian Krajina" or "Krajina" alone is used, it probably refers to either the Military Krajina or the former Republic of Serbian Krajina.
==[[Country]], [[state]] or [[province]]==
(versions: ''Pokrajina'', ''Kraina'', ''Krajina'', ''Kraj'', ''Krai'', ''Wkrajina'') i.e.
* [[Ukraine]]. '''Krajina''' (країна), ''country'', ''land'' in [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]. ''Ukrajina'' is [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] ethnonym for [[Ukraine]]. ''''See also [[Name of Ukraine]].
*[[Krais of Russia]]
*[[Regions of Slovakia|kraj]] in [[Slovakia]]
*[[Regions of the Czech Republic|kraj]] in [[Czech Republic]]
== References ==
<references/>
===General references===
*Karlo Jurišić, Lepantska pobjeda i makarska Krajina, ''Adriatica maritima'', sv. I, (Lepantska bitka, Udio hrvatskih pomoraca u Lepantskoj bitki 1571. godine), Institut JAZU u Zadru, Zadar, 1974., str. 217., 222., (reference from [http://www.morsko-prase.hr/2006/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4742&Itemid=72 Morsko prase])
[[Category:Slavic toponyms]]
[[bg:Крайна]]
[[de:Krajina]]
[[fr:Krajina]]
[[ko:크라이나]]
[[nl:Krajina]]
[[pl:Krajina]]
[[ru:Краина (значения)]]
[[sr:Крајина (вишезначна одредница)]]
[[sv:Krajina]]
[[uk:Країна]]