Lactococcus
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222858350
2008-07-01T13:30:02Z
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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgrey
| name = ''Lactococcus''
| image =
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Lactococcus lactis''
| regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]]
| divisio = [[Firmicutes]]
| classis = [[Bacilli]]
| ordo = [[Lactobacillales]]
| familia = [[Streptococcaceae]]
| genus = '''''Lactococcus'''''
| genus_authority = Schleifer ''et al.'' 1986
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
''[[Lactococcus garvieae|L. garvieae]]''<br>
''[[Lactococcus lactis|L. lactis]]''<br>
''[[Lactococcus piscium|L. piscium]]''<br>
''[[Lactococcus plantarum|L. plantarum]]''<br>
''[[Lactococcus raffinolactis|L. raffinolactis]]''
}}
'''''Lactococcus''''' is a [[lactic acid bacteria]]l [[genus]] of five major species formerly included as members of the genus ''[[Streptococcus]]'' ''Group N'' and related species.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Schleifer KH, Kraus J, Dvorak C, Kilpper-Balz R, Collins MD, Fischer W | title = Transfer of ''Streptococcus lactis'' and related streptococci to the. genus ''Lactococcus'' gen. nov | journal = Syst. Appl. Microbiol.| year = 1985 | volume = 6 | pages = 183–195 | url = | issn = 0723-2020}}</ref> [[Gram-positive]], they are typically spherical or ovoid, 0.5–1.2 [[µm]] by 0.5–1.5 µm, and occur in pairs and short chains. They are non-[[endospore|spore]] forming and are not [[motile]].<ref name=Brock>{{cite book | author = Madigan M, Martinko J (editors). | title = Brock Biology of Microorganisms | edition = 11th ed. | publisher = Prentice Hall | year = 2005 | isbn = 0131443291 }}</ref> The type species for the genus is ''[[L. lactis]]'' which in addition have two subspecies ''lactis'' and ''cremoris''. ''Lactococcus'' differ from other [[lactic acid bacteria]] as they have [[pH]], [[salt]] and temperature tolerances for growth.
''Lactococcus'' is commonly used in the [[dairy]] industry in the manufacture of fermented [[dairy product]]s like cheeses. They can be used in single strain [[starter culture]]s, or in mixed strain cultures with other lactic acid bacteria such as ''[[Lactobacillus]]'' and ''[[Streptococcus]]''.
==References==
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{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Lactobacillales]]
[[category:Cheese]]
{{bacteria-stub}}
[[ca:Lactococ]]
[[de:Lactococcus]]
[[es:Lactococcus]]
[[fr:Lactococcus]]
[[lt:Laktokokai]]
[[pt:Lactococcus]]