Landau-Kleffner syndrome
2200457
217977065
2008-06-08T16:20:59Z
Thijs!bot
1392310
robot Adding: [[tr:Landau-Kleffner sendromu]]
{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
Name = Landau-Kleffner syndrome |
Image = Eeg raw.svg |
Caption = Landau-Kleffner syndrome is characterized by [[aphasia]] and an abnormal [[Electroencephalography|EEG]]|
ICD10 = {{ICD10|F|80|3|f|80}} |
ICD9 = |
ICDO = |
OMIM = 245570 |
DiseasesDB = 31407 |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = neuro |
eMedicineTopic = 182 |
MeshID = D018887 |
}}
'''Landau-Kleffner syndrome''' (LKS), also called '''infantile acquired aphasia''', '''acquired epileptic aphasia''' or '''aphasia with convulsive disorder''', is a rare, childhood [[neurologic]]al [[syndrome]] characterized by the sudden or gradual development of [[aphasia]] (the inability to understand or express language) and an abnormal [[Electroencephalography|electroencephalogram]] (EEG). LKS affects the parts of the brain that control comprehension and speech. The disorder usually occurs in children between the ages of 5 and 7 years. Typically, children with LKS develop normally but then lose their [[language]] skills. While many of the affected individuals have clinical seizures, some only have electrographic seizures, including electrographic status epilepticus of sleep (ESES).
==Differential diagnosis==
The syndrome can be difficult to diagnose and may be misdiagnosed as [[autism]], pervasive developmental disorder, hearing impairment, learning disability, auditory/verbal processing disorder, [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder|attention deficit disorder]], mental retardation, childhood [[schizophrenia]], or emotional/behavioral problems.
==Treatment==
Treatment for LKS usually consists of medications, such as [[anticonvulsant]]s and [[corticosteroid]]s, and speech therapy, which should be started early. A controversial treatment option involves a surgical technique called [[multiple subpial transection]] in which multiple incisions are made through the [[Cerebral cortex|cortex]] of the affected part of the [[brain]], severing the [[axon]]al tracts in the subjacent [[white matter]].
==Prognosis==
The prognosis for children with LKS varies. Some affected children may have a permanent severe language disorder, while others may regain much of their language abilities (although it may take months or years). In some cases, remission and relapse may occur. The prognosis is improved when the onset of the disorder is after age 6 and when speech therapy is started early. Seizures generally disappear by adulthood.
==References==
* Landau, W., & Kleffner, F. (1957). Syndrome of acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder in children. Neurology, 7, 523-530.
* {{cite web |title= Landau-Kleffner syndrome information page |publisher= [[National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke]] |url=http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/landaukleffnersyndrome/landaukleffnersyndrome.htm |accessdate=2007-08-23 |date=2007-02-13}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/landklfs.htm |accessdate=2007-08-23 |publisher= National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders |title= Landau-Kleffner syndrome |year=2002}}
* {{cite journal |journal= Epilepsy Curr |year=2001 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=39–45 |title= The Landau-Kleffner syndrome |author= Pearl PL, Carrazana EJ, Holmes GL |pmid=15309183 |url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?pubmedid=15309183}}
* {{cite journal |journal= Arch Neurol |year=2003 |volume=60 |issue=7 |pages=1019–21 |title= Landau-Kleffner syndrome |author= Rotenberg J, Pearl PL |pmid=12873863 |url=http://archneur.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/60/7/1019 |doi= 10.1001/archneur.60.7.1019}}
{{Mental and behavioural disorders}}
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[de:Landau-Kleffner-Syndrom]]
[[es:Síndrome de Landau-Kleffner]]
[[fr:Syndrome de Landau et Kleffner]]
[[no:Landau-Kleffners syndrom]]
[[pl:Zespół Landaua-Kleffnera]]
[[fi:Landau–Kleffnerin oireyhtymä]]
[[tr:Landau-Kleffner sendromu]]