Laude 692122 223629258 2008-07-04T23:45:10Z Lightbot 7178666 Units/dates/other '''''Laude''''' (singular: ''lauda'', ''lauda spirituale'') are the most important form of [[vernacular]] sacred [[song]] in [[Italy]] in the late [[medieval music|medieval]] era and [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]]. They remained popular into the [[19th century|nineteenth century]]. Originally, the ''lauda'' was a [[texture (music)|monophonic]] (single-voice) form, but a [[polyphony|polyphonic]] type developed in the early [[14th century|fifteenth century]]. The early ''lauda'' was probably influenced by the music of the [[troubadour]]s, since it shows similarities in rhythm, melodic style, and especially notation. Many troubadours had fled their original homelands, such as [[Provence]], during the [[Albigensian Crusade]] in the early 13th century, and settled in northern Italy where their music was influential in the development of the Italian secular style. A monophonic form of the ''lauda'' spread widely throughout Europe during the 13th and 14th centuries as the music of the [[flagellant]]s; this form was known as the ''[[Geisslerlieder]]'', and picked up the vernacular language in each country it affected, including [[Germany]], [[Poland]], [[England]] and [[Scandinavia]]. After 1480 the singing of ''laude'' was extremely popular in [[Florence]], since the monk [[Savonarola]] (and others) had prohibited the dissemination of any other style of sacred vernacular music. Many of [[Josquin des Prez|Josquin's]] [[motet]]s and [[mass (music)|masses]] are based on melodies he heard in ''laude'' during his sojourns in Italy around this time. ''Laude'' had a resurgence of popularity again at the time of the [[Counter-Reformation]], since one of the musical goals of the [[Council of Trent]] was to increase the intelligibility of text, and the simple, easily understood laude provided an ideal example. The ''lauda'' declined in importance with the development of the [[oratorio]]. == References and further reading == * {{NewGrove1980|Lauda spirituale|John Stevens and William F. Prizer|x|538-543}} * [[Gustave Reese]], ''Music in the Renaissance''. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954. ISBN 0-393-09530-4 * ''The New Harvard Dictionary of Music'', ed. Don Randel. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1986. ISBN 0-674-61525-5 * Richard H. Hoppin, ''Medieval Music''. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1978. ISBN 0-393-09090-6 [[Category:Italian music history]] [[Category:Song forms]] [[Category:Renaissance music]] [[Category:Medieval music]] [[Category:Italian music]] [[de:Lauda (Kultur)]] [[es:Lauda (música)]] [[it:Lauda]] [[sv:Laudi]]