Lebanon, New Hampshire
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2008-06-11T20:07:39Z
Eubot
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{{for|other places with the same name|Lebanon (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = Lebanon, New Hampshire
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname =
|motto =
|image_skyline =
|image_seal = Lebanon City Seal.png
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|image_map = Grafton-Lebanon-NH.png
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location in [[Grafton County, New Hampshire]]
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[New Hampshire]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in New Hampshire|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Grafton County, New Hampshire|Grafton]]
|government_type =
|leader_title = [[City manager|City Manager]]
|leader_name = Gregg Mandsager
|leader_title1 = Mayor
|leader_name1 = Patrick Hayes
|leader_title2 = [[City council|City Council]]
|leader_name2 = Dean Sorenson<br>Daniel Nash<br>Karen Liot-Hill<br>Albert Leonard<br>Douglas Gross<br>William Solari <br>Robert Moses
|established_title = [[Incorporation (municipal government)|Incorporated]]
|established_date = 1761
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|area_total_km2 = 107.1
|area_total_sq_mi = 41.4
|area_land_km2 = 104.5
|area_land_sq_mi = 40.4
|area_water_km2 = 2.6
|area_water_sq_mi = 1.0
|area_water_percent = 2.39
|population_as_of = 2000
|population_note =
|population_total = 12568
|population_density_km2 = 120.2
|population_density_sq_mi = 311.4
|timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Daylight Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|latd = 43 |latm = 38 |lats = 32 |latNS = N
|longd = 72 |longm = 15 |longs = 06 |longEW = W
|elevation_m = 177
|elevation_ft = 581
|website = [http://www.lebcity.com/ www.lebcity.com]
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s
|postal_code = 03756, 03766
|area_code = [[Area code 603|603]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 33-41300
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0867976
|footnotes =
}}
'''Lebanon''' (pronounced by natives as {{IPAEng|ˈlεbənɨn}} or {{IPA|/ˈlεbənən/}}) is a city in [[Grafton County, New Hampshire|Grafton County]], [[New Hampshire]], [[United States]]. The population was 12,568 at the 2000 census. Lebanon is located in western New Hampshire, south of [[Hanover, New Hampshire|Hanover]], near the [[Connecticut River]]. It is the home to [[Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center]] and [[Dartmouth Medical School]], together comprising the largest medical facility between [[Boston, Massachusetts]] and [[Burlington, Vermont]].
Together with Hanover and [[White River Junction, Vermont|White River Junction]], Lebanon today is center of a [[Lebanon micropolitan area|Micropolitan Statistical Area]], encompassing nearly 30 towns along the upper Connecticut River valley.
== History ==
Lebanon was chartered as a town by [[Colonial]] Governor [[Benning Wentworth]] on [[July 4]], [[1761]], one of sixteen along the Connecticut River. It was named for [[Lebanon, Connecticut]], from which many early settlers had come, including the Reverend [[Eleazar Wheelock]], founder of [[Dartmouth College]]. Lebanon was, in fact, the original home of the Indian Charity School, the antecedent of Dartmouth College.
Early settlement concentrated along the [[Connecticut River]] in what is now [[West Lebanon, New Hampshire|West Lebanon]], and along the [[Mascoma Lake]] region near [[Enfield, New Hampshire|Enfield]]. In the mid-1800s, a mill district developed at falls on the [[Mascoma River]]. Industries included, at various times, furniture mills, a [[Tanning|tannery]], several machine shops, a [[woolen]] [[textile]] mill and a clothing factory. In the mid-1800s, this district attracted many [[French people|French]] workers from [[Canada|Canada's]] [[Quebec]] province. This became the center of town, although West Lebanon grew into a [[railroad]] hub with a separate identity after lines entered from [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]]. This rail center would become known as Westboro after two trains collided when West Lebanon was mistaken for Lebanon.
The mill district, like the railroad, declined into the 1950s and 1960s. The town suffered two major fires; the second, in 1964, destroyed a large portion of the old mill district. Reconstruction resulted in a controversial [[urban renewal]] project featuring a closed-off district, called The Mall, built to replace the destroyed Hanover Street area. Partly in defiance of economic decline, and partly to counter a movement by West Lebanon to declare itself an independent town, Lebanon re-incorporated as a city in 1958.
The routing of Interstates [[Interstate 89|89]] and [[Interstate 91|91]] through Lebanon and nearby [[White River Junction, Vermont]], in addition to the growth of [[Dartmouth College]], led to the area's economic revival. The former [[mill town]] now has a mixed economy based on education, medical services, high-technology and retail. Just south of the village of West Lebanon, a major shopping district has sprung up at the intersection of [[New Hampshire Route 12A|Route 12A]] and I-89. Lebanon has undertaken improvements to its recreational facilities, including miles of [[hiking]] trails, a municipal [[ski]] area, a swimming pool and several sports fields.
In 1991, the [[Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center]], along with most departments of [[Dartmouth Medical School]], moved from Hanover to a new campus just south of the Lebanon-Hanover town line. A number of medical and high-tech firms have located facilities near the medical center campus. [[Tele Atlas]], a leading worldwide developer of [[map]]ping databases, has its North American headquarters in Lebanon. [[Novell]] and [[Microsoft]] also have major facilities here.
<gallery>
Image:Old Town Hall, Lebanon, NH.jpg|Old Town Hall in 1918
Image:School Street, Lebanon, NH.jpg|School Street c. 1910
Image:Library, Lebanon, NH.jpg|Public Library c. 1910
Image:Bank Street in Lebanon, NH.jpg|Bank Street c. 1910
</gallery>
==Notable residents==
* [[Aaron Baddeley]], [[PGA Tour]] golfer
* [[Experience Estabrook]], American lawyer and politician
* [[Phineas Quimby]], philosopher
* [[Ammi B. Young]], architect
==Geography==
Lebanon is located at {{coor dms|43|38|38|N|72|15|19|W|city}} (43.643897, -72.255242).{{GR|1}}
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|41.4|sqmi|km2|lk=on}}, of which {{convert|40.4|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} is land and {{convert|1.0|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} is water, comprising 2.39% of the city. Lebanon is drained by the [[Mascoma River]] and is fully within the [[Connecticut River]] [[Drainage basin|watershed]].<ref name=watershed>{{cite book |title=Water Use in New Hampshire: An Activities Guide for Teachers |url=http://nh.water.usgs.gov/Publications/nh.intro.html |last=Foster |first=Debra H. |coauthors=Batorfalvy, Tatianna N.; and Medalie, Laura |publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S. Geological Survey |year=1995}}</ref> The southern end of Moose Mountain is in the northeast. The highest point in Lebanon is the northern end of Shaker Mountain, at {{convert|1657|ft|m|lk=on}} above [[sea level]], on the eastern border of the city.
== Demographics ==
[[Image:Crafts Avenue, West Lebanon, NH.jpg|thumb|left|Crafts Avenue in [[1912]]]]
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 12,568 people, 5,500 households, and 3,178 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 311.4 people per square mile (120.2/km²). There were 5,707 housing units at an average density of 141.4/sq mi (54.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.38% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.83% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.43% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 2.67% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.41% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.26% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.64% of the population.
There were 5,500 households out of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.2% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.87.
[[Image:The Everett Knitting Mill, Lebanon, NH.jpg|thumb|right|Everett Knitting Mill in [[1914]]]]
In the city the population was spread out with 22.6% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 89.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $42,185, and the median income for a family was $52,133. Males had a median income of $32,693 versus $27,086 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $25,133. About 6.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 13.8% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.
== References ==
<references />
==External links==
* [http://www.lebcity.com/ City of Lebanon]
* [http://www.crjc.org/heritage/N10-19.htm Colburn Park Historic District]
* [http://www.lebanonnhhistory.org/ Lebanon Historical Society]
* [http://www.lebanonoperahouse.org/ Lebanon Opera House]
* [http://www.library.lebcity.com/ Lebanon Public Library]
* [http://www.nh.gov/nhes/elmi/htmlprofiles/lebanon.html New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile]
* [http://www.sau88.net Lebanon School District]
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|43.643897|-72.255242|type:city(12568)_region:US-NH}}
{{Grafton County, New Hampshire}}
{{New Hampshire}}
[[Category:Cities in New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Grafton County, New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Settlements established in 1761]]
[[Category:Cities on the Connecticut River]]
[[Category:Lebanon micropolitan area]]
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