Leiden University
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{{Infobox University
|name = Leiden University
|native_name = Universiteit Leiden
|latin_name = Academia Lugduno Batava
|image_name = Sealleiden.jpg
|motto = Praesidium Libertatis (Bastion of Freedom)
|established = 1575
|type = [[Public university|Public]]
|rector = Paul van der Heijden
|city = [[Leiden]]
|country = [[Netherlands|the Netherlands]]
|students = 17,630
|faculty = 3,973
|nobel_laureates= [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]],<br />[[Hendrik Lorentz]],<br />[[Pieter Zeeman]],<br />[[Willem Einthoven]]
|website = [http://www.leiden.edu/index.php3 http://www.leiden.edu]
}}
'''Leiden University''' ({{lang-nl|Universiteit Leiden}}), located in the city of [[Leiden]], is the [[List of oldest universities in continuous operation#Oldest Universities by Region (post 1500)|oldest]] [[university]] in [[the Netherlands]].<ref>Technically the [[University of Leuven]], currently in Belgium but in the year of its foundation (1425) located in the Netherlands, is the oldest university ever founded in the Netherlands, but Leuven is no longer part of the Netherlands.</ref> It is a member of the [[Coimbra Group]], the [[Europaeum]] and the [[League of European Research Universities]]. The university was founded in 1575 by [[William the Silent|Prince William of Orange]], leader of the [[Dutch Revolt]] in the [[Eighty Years' War]]. The royal [[House of Orange]] and Leiden University still have a close relationship. The Queens [[Juliana of the Netherlands|Juliana]] and [[Beatrix of the Netherlands|Beatrix]] and crown-prince [[Prince Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands|Willem-Alexander]] studied at Leiden University. In 2005 Queen [[Beatrix of the Netherlands|Beatrix]] received a rare [[honorary degree]] from Leiden University.<ref>[http://cgi.omroep.nl/cgi-bin/streams?/nos/nieuws/2005/februari/video/080205/beatrix_toespraak.wmv Windows Media file of Queen Beatrix receiving degree, February 2005]</ref>
Today, Leiden University has nine faculties, over 50 departments and more than 150 undergraduate programmes, and it enjoys an international reputation.<ref>[http://ed.sjtu.edu.cn/rank/2005/ARWU2005_TopEuro.htm Top 100 European Universities<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> It houses more than 40 national and international (research) institutes.
==History==
[[Image:Academiegebouw Universiteit Leiden.png|thumb|350px|left|The Academy building of the Leiden university]]
In 1575, the emerging [[Dutch Republic]] did not have any universities in its northern heartland. The only other university in the Netherlands was in southern [[Leuven]], firmly under Spanish control. The scientific renaissance had begun to highlight the importance of academic study, so [[William the Silent|Prince William]] founded the first Dutch university in Leiden as a reward for the heroic defence of Leiden against Spanish attacks in the previous year. Ironically, the name of [[Philip II of Spain]], William's adversary, appears on the official foundation certificate, as he was still the ''de jure'' [[count of Holland]]. It is traditionally said that the citizens of Leiden were offered the choice between a university and a certain exemption from [[tax]]es, and that the citizens believed that a tax law could be rescinded, whereas the great universities of Europe had survived for many centuries. Originally located in the convent of St Barbara, the university moved to the convent of the White Nuns in 1581, a site which it still occupies, though the original building was destroyed in 1616.
The presence within half a century of the date of its foundation of such scholars as [[Justus Lipsius]], [[Joseph Justus Scaliger|Joseph Scaliger]], [[Franciscus Gomarus]], [[Grotius|Hugo Grotius]], [[Jacobus Arminius]], [[Daniel Heinsius]] and [[Gerhard Johann Vossius]], at once raised Leiden university to the highest European fame, a position which the learning and reputation of [[Jacobus Gronovius]], [[Herman Boerhaave]], [[Tiberius Hemsterhuis]] and [[David Ruhnken]], among others, enabled it to maintain down to the end of the 18th century.
At the end of the nineteenth century, Leiden University again became one of Europe's leading universities. At the world’s first university low-temperature laboratory, professor [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]] achieved temperatures of only one degree above absolute zero of -273 degrees Celsius. In 1908 he was also the first to succeed in [[Liquid helium|liquifying helium]] and can be credited with the discovery of the superconductivity in metals.
[[Kamerlingh Onnes]] was awarded the [[Nobel Prize]] for Physics in 1913. Three other professors received the Nobel Prize for their research performed at Universiteit Leiden: [[Hendrik Antoon Lorentz]] and [[Pieter Zeeman]] received the [[Nobel Prize]] for their pioneering work in the field of optical and electronic phenomena, and the physiologist [[Willem Einthoven]] for his invention of the string galvanometer, which among other things, enabled the development of electrocardiography.
These Nobel prize winners, but also the physicists [[Albert Einstein]] and [[Paul Ehrenfest]], the Arabist and Islam expert [[Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje]], the law expert [[Cornelis van Vollenhoven]] and historian [[Johan Huizinga]], were among those who pushed the university into a place of international prominence during the 1920s and 1930s. In 2005 the [http://www.lorentz.leidenuniv.nl/history/Einstein_archive/ manuscript] of [[Albert Einstein|Einstein]] on the quantum theory of the monatomic ideal gas (the [[Einstein-Bose condensation]]) was discovered in one of Leiden's libraries.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4170212.stm BBC NEWS | Europe | Student unearths Einstein paper<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
At present, Leiden has a firmly established international position among the top research institutes in many fields, including the natural sciences, medicine, social and behavioural sciences, law, arts and letters. Of the twenty-eight [[Spinozapremie]] (the highest scientific award of The Netherlands), seven were granted to professors of the Universiteit Leiden. Literary historian [[Frits van Oostrom]] was the first professor of Leiden to be granted the Spinoza award for his work on developing the NLCM centre (Dutch literature and culture in the Middle Ages) into a top research centre. Other [[Spinozapremie]] winners are linguist [[Frits Kortlandt]], mathematician [[Hendrik Lenstra]] and [[Carlo Beenakker]], who works in the field of mesoscopic physics. Among other leading professors are [[Ewine van Dishoeck]], professor of astronomy at [[Leiden Observatory]], professor of transplantation biology [[Els Goulmy]], [[Frits Rosendaal]], professor of clinical epidemiology, [[Wim Blockmans]], professor of Medieval History, and [[Willem Adelaar]], professor of [[Amerindian Languages]].
The portraits of many famous [[professor]]s since the earliest days hang in the university aula, one of the most memorable places, as [[Carsten Niebuhr|Niebuhr]] called it, in the history of science. The [[Leiden University Library|University Library]], which has more than 3.5 million books and fifty thousand journals, also has a number of special collections of western and oriental manuscripts, printed books, archives, maps, and atlases. Scholars from all over the world visit [[Leiden University Library]]. The research activities of the [[Leiden University Library#Scaliger Institute|Scaliger Institute]] concentrate on the various aspects of the transmission of knowledge and ideas through texts and images from antiquity to the present day.
Among the institutions affiliated with the university are The [[KITLV]] or Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies (founded in 1851), the [[Leiden Observatory|observatory]] 1633; the natural history museum, with a very complete anatomical cabinet; the museum of antiquities (''Museum van Oudheden''), with specially valuable [[Egypt]]ian and [[India]]n departments; a museum of Dutch antiquities from the earliest times; and three ethnographical museums, of which the nucleus was [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]]'s [[Japan]]ese collections. The [[anatomy|anatomical]] and [[pathology|pathological]] laboratories of the university are modern, and the museums of [[geology]] and [[mineralogy]] have been restored.
The [[Hortus Botanicus Leiden|Hortus Botanicus]] (botanical garden) is the oldest [[botanical garden]] in the Netherlands. Plants from all over the world have been carefully cultivated here by experts for more than four centuries. The Clusius garden (a reconstruction), the 18th century Orangery with its monumental tub plants, the rare collection of historical trees hundreds of years old, the Japanese [[Siebold Memorial Museum]] symbolising the historical link between East and West, the tropical greenhouses with their world class plant collections, and the central square and Conservatory exhibiting exotic plants from South Africa and southern Europe.
Research at Leiden is well developed. There are many university research institutes and Leiden participates in over forty nation-wide research schools, twelve of which being located in the heart of Leiden.
==The institution==
The university has no central campus; its buildings are spread over the city. Some buildings, like the Gravensteen, are very old, while buildings like Lipsius and Gorlaeus are much more modern. The university is divided into nine major faculties which offer approximately 50 [[undergraduate]] degree programs and over 100 graduate programs.
[[Image:LUMC.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Leiden University Medical Center]]
{|
!align=left|Faculties
!
|-
|[[Theology]]
|[http://www.leiden.edu/index.php3?m=7&c=516 Website]
|-
|[[Law]]
|[http://www.law.leiden.edu/ Website]
|-
|[[Medicine]] or [[Leiden University Medical Center|LUMC]]
|[http://www.lumc.nl/english/start_english.html Website]
|-
|[[Mathematics]] and [[Natural Sciences]]
|[http://www.science.leidenuniv.nl/e/ Website]
|-
|[[Arts]]
|[http://www.leiden.edu/index.php3?m=7&c=286&garb=0.2576999156158012&session=/ Website]
|-
|Social and [[Behavioural sciences]]
|[http://socialsciences.leidenuniv.nl/ Website]
|-
|[[Philosophy]]
|[http://www.filosofie.leidenuniv.nl/ Website]
|-
|[[Archaeology]]
|[http://www.leiden.edu/index.php3?m=7&c=81&garb=0.9725227748914672&session=/ Website]
|-
|Creative and [[Performing Arts]]
|[http://www.artsandsciences.nl/ Website]
|-
|}
The Faculty of Creative and Performing Arts is a cooperation between Leiden University and the Royal Conservatoire and Royal Academy of Art. The university has never had a faculty of economics, business or management, since all these decades one thought this would not fit into its tradition. Yet, in 2002 The Leiden School of Management (LUSM) <ref>[http://www.lusm.leidenuniv.nl/ Homepage LUSM<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> was founded, offering six professional [[MBA]] programs. These programs were shut down in 2006, however, and the LUSM is developing other business management activities more closely related to the activities of the faculties. Currently they have a cooperation with the faculty of Mathematics with the [[Master's degree|MSc]] in ICT in Business.<ref>[http://www.iib.leidenuniv.nl/ M.Sc. ICT in Business - Home<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
==Education==
===Undergraduate programs:===
Most of the university's departments offer their own degree program(s). Undergraduate programs lead to either a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]], [[Bachelor of Science|B.Sc.]] or [[Bachelor of Laws|LL.B.]] degree. Other degrees, such as the [[Bachelor of Engineering|B.Eng.]] or [[Bachelor of Fine Arts|B.F.A.]], are not awarded at Leiden University.
<table width=100%>
<tr>
<td valign=top>
*African Languages and Cultures<ref>[http://www.tca.leidenuniv.nl/ Talen en culturen van Afrika<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Archeology
*Arabic, Persian and Turkish Languages and Cultures <ref>[http://www.tcmo.leidenuniv.nl/ NIEUW: Homepage TCMO<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Art History
*Assyriology
*Astronomy
*Biology<ref>[http://bio.leidenuniv.nl/ Home Page Opl. Biologie (Nederlands)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Biomedical Sciences
*Bio-Pharmaceutical Sciences<ref>[http://bfw.leidenuniv.nl/ Startpagina QCMS 3.0<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Chemistry
*Chinese Languages and Cultures<ref>[http://www.tcc.leidenuniv.nl/ Talen en culturen van China<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Classics
*Comparative Indo-European Linguistics
*Computer Science
*Criminology
*Cultural Anthropology
*Developmental Sociology
*Dutch Language and Literature
*Dutch Studies
*Educational Sciences
*Egyptian Languages and Cultures (Egyptology)<ref>[http://www.tcmo.leidenuniv.nl/egyptologie/ Egyptische Taal & Cultuur<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*English Language and Culture<ref>[http://www.engels.leidenuniv.nl/ Engelse taal en cultuur<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*French Language and Culture<ref>[http://www.frans.leidenuniv.nl/ Homepage Opleiding Franse taal en cultuur<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*German Language and Culture<ref>[http://www.duits.leidenuniv.nl/ Duitse taal en cultuur<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*History<ref>[http://www.history.leidenuniv.nl/ History<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Hebrew and Aramaic Languages and Cultures<ref>[http://www.tcmo.leidenuniv.nl/hebreeuws-en-aramees/ Hebreeuws en Aramees<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Indian American Studies<ref>[http://www.tcia.leidenuniv.nl/ Talen en culturen van Indiaans Amerika<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
<td valign=top>
*Indology (South and central Asia)<ref>http://www.tczca.leidenuniv.nl/</ref>
*Indonesian Languages and Cultures<ref>[http://www.indonesisch.leidenuniv.nl/ Opleiding Indonesisch<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Italian Language and Culture<ref>[http://www.italiaans.leidenuniv.nl/ Startpagina<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Japanese Languages and Cultures<ref>[http://www.japans.leidenuniv.nl/ Japanse taal en cultuur<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Korean Languages and Cultures<ref>[http://www.koreaans.leidenuniv.nl/ Talen en culturen van Korea<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Latin American Studies (Spanish Languages and Cultures)<ref>[http://www.tcla.leidenuniv.nl/ Homepage Opleiding Talen en culturen van Latijns Amerika / Spaans<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Law (General Dutch Law track)
*Linguistics
*Life Science and Technology
*Literature
*Mathematics
*Medicine (6-year track)
*Molecular Science and Technology
*Near Eastern Studies
*New Persian Languages and Cultures (Turkish)<ref>[http://www.tcmo.leidenuniv.nl/nieuw-perzisch/ Nieuw-Perzische Taal en Cultuur<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Notarial Law
*Philosophy
*Physics
*Political Science
*Public Administration
*Psychology
*Russian Studies
*Slavic Languages and Literatures
*Southeast Asia and Oceania Languages and Cultures
*Tax Law
*Theology
*World Religion Studies
</table>
===Graduate Studies:===
Students can choose from a range of graduate programs. Most of the above mentioned undergraduate programs can be continued with either a general or a specialised graduate program. Leiden University offers more than 100 graduate programs leading to either [[Master of Arts (postgraduate)|M.A.]], [[Master of Science|M.Sc.]], [[Master of Philosophy|M.Phil.]], or [[Master of Laws|LL.M. degree]]. The M.Phil. is a special research degree and only awarded by selected departments of the university (mostly in the fields of Arts, Social Sciences, Archeology, Philosophy, and Theology). Admission to these programs are highly selective and primarily aiming at those students opting for an academic career.
[[Image:Faculteit der Sociale Wetenschappen Leiden.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The [[Pieter de la Court]]-building, the main building of the Faculty of Social and Behavioural sciences]]
Some of the notable graduate programs are
*Air and Space Law
*Bioinformatics
*Chemistry
**[[Industrial Ecology Msc]] (track)
*DNA computing
*Drug Delivery Technology and Biopharmaceutics
*East Asian Studies
*European Law
*European Business Law
*European Union Studies
*Evolutionary and Ecological Sciences
*Functional Genomics
*History
*ICT in Business
*Public International Law
*International Relations and Diplomacy
*Islamic Studies
*Life Science and Technology
*Linguistics
*Media Technology<ref>[http://mediatechnology.liacs.nl/ Website was moved<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*Nanoscience
*Philosophy of a Specific Discipline
*Toxicology
===Doctorate programs:===
In addition, most departments, affiliated (research)institutes or faculties offer doctorate programs or positions, leading to the [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D]] degree. Most of the Ph.D. programs offered by the university are concentrated in several research schools or institutes.
==Research schools and affiliated institutes==
[[Image:Onderzoeksgebouw LUMC Leiden.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Research building of the Leiden University Medical Centre]]
Leiden University has more than 50 research and graduate schools and institutes. Some of them are fully affiliated with one faculty of the university, while others are interfaculty institutes or even interuniversity institutes. Most of the scholars working in the Netherlands are associated with one of these schools or institutes.
{|
!align=left|Institute
!
|-
|ASC
| Research Centre for African Studies
|-
|CNWS
| Research School of Asian, African, and American Studies
|-
|CTI
| Center for Language and Identity
|-
|E.M. Meijers Institute
| Research School for Legal Studies
|-
|[[Hugo Grotius|Grotius]] Centre
| Research Centre for International Legal Studies
|-
|GSS
| Leiden Graduate School of Science
|-
|Historical Institute
| Research Institute of History
|-
|[[Johan Huizinga|Huizinga]] Instituut
| Research Institute and Graduate School of Cultural History
|-
|IBL
| Research Institute for Biology
|-
|IIAS
| International Institute for Asian Studies
|-
|IOPS
| Interuniversity Graduate School Psychometrics and Sociometrics
|-
|ISED
| Institute for the Study of Educational and Human Development
|-
|LACDR
| The Leiden Amsterdam Center for Drug Research
|-
|LCMBS
| Leiden Centre for Molecular BioScience
|-
|LGSAS
| Leiden Graduate School for Archeology
|-
|LIACS
| Institute of Advanced Computer Science
|-
|LIBC
| Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition
|-
|LIC
| Leiden Institute of Chemistry
|-
|LION
| Leiden Institute of Physics
|-
|LISOR
| Leiden Institute for the Study of Religion
|-
|LUCL
| Leiden University Centre for Linguistics
|-
|LUMC
| Leiden University Medical Centre
|-
|LUMI
| Leiden University Mathematical Institute
|-
|Mediëvistiek
| Netherlands Research School for Medieval Studies
|-
|NIG
| Netherlands Institute of Government
|-
|NOVA
| Netherlands Research School for Astronomy
|-
|N.W. Posthumus Instituut
| Netherlands Research Institute and School for Economic and Social History
|-
|OIKOS
| National Graduate School in Classical Studies
|-
|Onderzoekschool Kunstgeschiedenis
| Dutch Postgraduate School for Art History
|-
|OSL
| Netherlands Graduate School for Literary Studies
|-
|PALLAS
| Research Institute of Art History and Literatures of the Western World
|-
|Polybios
|Graduate School for Political Science and International Affairs
|-
|[[Leiden Observatory|Sterrewacht Leiden]]
| Leiden Astronomical Observatory
|-
|The Europa Institute
| Research Institute for Legal Studies in the Field of European Integration
|-
|Van Vollenhoven Institute
|Research Institute for Law, Governance and Development
|}
==Alumni and other people associated with Leiden University==
<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
*[[Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd]]
*[[Alexander, Prince of Orange]]
*[[Ayaan Hirsi Ali]]
*[[John Quincy Adams]]
*[[Bernhard Siegfried Albinus]]
*[[Jacobus Arminius]]
*[[Tobias Asser]], Nobel laureate
*[[Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands]]
*[[Nicolaas Bloembergen]], Nobel laureate
*[[Herman Boerhaave]]
*[[Bart Bok]]
*[[Frits Bolkestein]]
*[[Gerardus Johannes Petrus Josephus Bolland]]
*[[Alexander Boswell (judge)|Alexander Boswell]]
*[[John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute]] - [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister of Great Britain]] 1762-1763
*[[Archibald Cameron]]
*[[Sir Winston Churchill]]
*[[Carolus Clusius]]
*[[Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands]]
*[[Petrus Cunaeus]]
*[[René Descartes]]
*[[Edsger W. Dijkstra]]
*[[Ana Dolidze]]
*[[Adriaen van der Donck]]
*[[Paul Ehrenfest]], Nobel laureate
*[[Willem Einthoven]], Nobel laureate
*[[Albert Einstein]], Nobel laureate
*[[Thomas van Erpe]]
*[[Prince Frederick of the Netherlands]]
*[[Thomas Girdlestone]]
*[[Michiel Jan de Goeje]]
*[[Franciscus Gomarus]]
*[[Jacobus Gronovius]]
*[[Grotius|Hugo Grotius]]
*[[Geertruida de Haas-Lorentz]]
*[[Mohammad Hatta]]
*[[David Hartley (the Younger)]]
*[[Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema]]
*[[Daniel Heinsius]]
*[[Tiberius Hemsterhuis]]
*[[Jaap van den Herik]]
*[[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]], Nobel laureate
*[[Johan Huizinga]]
*[[Maarten Jansen]]
*[[Queen Juliana of the Netherlands]]
*[[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]], Nobel laureate
*[[Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern]]
*[[John Lauder, Lord Fountainhall]]
*[[Justus Lipsius]]
*[[Hendrik Antoon Lorentz]], Nobel laureate
*[[Nelson Mandela]]
*[[Peter Mair]]
*[[Eric Mazur]]
*[[Pieter van Musschenbroek]]
*[[Willem Frederik van Nassau-Dietz]]
*[[Jan Hendrik Oort]]
*[[Ivo Opstelten]]
*[[Theodoor Gautier Thomas Pigeaud]]
*[[Ronald Plasterk]]
*[[Poerbatjaraka]]
*[[Hans Ras]]
*[[Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt]]
*[[Rembrandt|Rembrandt van Rijn]]
*[[Caspar Reuvens]]
*[[John Robinson (pastor)|John Robinson]]
*[[David Ruhnken]]
*[[Mark Rutte]]
*[[Joseph Justus Scaliger]]
*[[Jaap de Hoop Scheffer]]
*[[John Sims]]
*[[Boudewijn Sirks]]
*[[Willem de Sitter]]
*[[Willebrord Snell]]
*[[Soenario]]
*[[Soetan Sjahrir]]
*[[Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje]]
*[[Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX]]
*[[Sri Paduka Mangkunagara VII]]
*[[Myles Standish]]
*[[Max van der Stoel]]
*[[Dirk Jan Struik]]
*[[Franciscus Sylvius]]
*[[Morris Tabaksblat]]
*[[Johan Rudolf Thorbecke]]
*[[Jan Tinbergen]], Nobel laureate
*[[Nikolaas Tinbergen]], Nobel laureate
*[[Bram van der Stok]]
*[[Egbert van Kampen]]
*[[Ronald Venetiaan]]
*[[Maxime Verhagen]]
*[[Paul Verhoeven]]
*[[Cornelis van Vollenhoven]]
*[[Pieter van Vollenhoven]]
*[[Gerhard Johann Vossius]]
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]], Nobel laureate
*[[William the Silent|Prince William I of Orange]]
*[[Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange]]
*[[Johan de Witt]]
*[[Pieter Zeeman]], Nobel laureate
*[[Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder]]
</div>
==See also==
* [[Leiden University Library]] [http://library.leiden.edu/ Website]
* [[Leiden University Medical Centre]] [http://www.lumc.nl/ Website]
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
==External links==
*[http://www.leiden.edu/ Homepage of Leiden University (in English)]
*[http://www.leidenuniv.nl/ Homepage of Leiden University (in Dutch)]
*[http://www.mastersinleiden.nl/ English Graduate Programs]
*[http://www.studychoice.nl/web/site/default.aspx?m=dir&a=ba_ins&pl=Leiden%20&i=22762&sel=all Overview of all Bachelor's programmes at the Leiden University]
*[http://www.mastersportal.eu/students/browse/university/56/leiden-university.html Search and compare all Master's programmes offered at Leiden University]
{{Dutch universities}}
{{LERU}}
{{Europaeum}}
{{Coimbra Group}}
[[Category:Coimbra Group]]
[[Category:Universities in the Netherlands]]
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[[Category:1575 establishments]]
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[[fr:Université de Leyde]]
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[[he:אוניברסיטת ליידן]]
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[[ja:ライデン大学]]
[[no:Universitetet i Leiden]]
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[[ru:Лейденский университет]]
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[[vi:Đại học Leiden]]
[[zh:萊頓大學]]