Limnology
145243
219546618
2008-06-15T19:29:31Z
68.148.33.121
Removed the theses of R.J. Chavan as important reference works; according to the ISI Web of Science, no publication of RJ CHavan has ever been cited in a peer-reviewed, published work.
[[Image:Genfersee satellit.jpg|right|thumb|Lake Geneva]]
'''Limnology''' (from Greek: Λίμνη ''limne'', "lake"; and λόγος, ''logos'', "knowledge") is the division of [[hydrology]] that studies inland waters (running and standing waters, both fresh and saline), including their [[biology|biological]], [[physics|physical]], [[chemistry|chemical]], [[geology|geological]] and [[hydrology|hydrological]] aspects. This includes the study of (natural and man-made) [[lake]]s and [[pond]]s, [[river]]s and [[stream]]s, [[wetland]]s and [[groundwater]]s.
Traditionally, limnology is closely related to [[hydrobiology]], which is concerned with the application of [[physics]], [[chemistry]], [[geology]], and [[geography]] to [[ecology|ecological]] problems.
==History==
The term limnology was coined by [[François-Alphonse Forel]] (1841-1912) who established the field with his studies of [[Lake Geneva]]. Interest in the discipline rapidly expanded, and in [[1922]] [[August Thienemann]] (a German zoologist) and [[Einar Naumann]] (a Swedish botanist) co-founded the [[International Society of Limnology]] (SIL, for originally [[Societas Internationalis Limnologiae]]). Forel's original definition of limnology, "the [[oceanography]] of lakes", was expanded to encompass the study of all inland waters.<ref>Wetzel, R.G. 2001. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, 3rd ed. Academic Press (ISBN 0-12-744760-1)</ref>
Prominent early American limnologists included [[G. Evelyn Hutchinson]], [[Edward Smith Deevey, Jr.|Ed Deevey]], [[Edward Ashael Birge|E. A. Birge]], and [[Chancey Juday|C. Juday]].
== Organizations ==
* [[ASLO|American Society of Limnology and Oceanography]][http://aslo.org/]
* [[Australian Society for Limnology]]
* [[European Society of Limnology and Oceanography]]
* [[German Society of Limnology]] ([http://www.dgl-ev.de www.dgl-ev.de])
* [[Italian Association for Oceanology and Limnology (AIOL)]] ([http://www.aiol.info www.aiol.info] - ''R.Bertoni'')
* [[The Japanese Society of Limnology]]
* [[International Society of Limnology]] (SIL, formerly Societas Internationalis Limnologiae) ([http://www.limnology.org limnology.org])
* [[Brazilian Society of Limnology]] ([http://www.sblimno.org.br])
* [[New Zealand freshwater Sciences society]] ([http://freshwater.rsnz.org/])
* [[Southern African Society of Aquatic Scientists]] ([http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/sasaqs/index.htm])
== Journals ==
*[http://www.springerlink.com/content/100271/ Hydrobiologia]
*[http://www.interscience.wiley.com/journal/rra River Research and Applications]
*[http://www.interscience.wiley.com/journal/aqc Aquatic Conservation]
* ''[[Advances in Limnology]]''
* ''[[Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology]]''
* ''[[Journal of Limnology]]'' ([http://www.iii.to.cnr.it/pubblicaz/jour_lim.htm#- - - Journal webpage] - ''R.Bertoni'')
* ''[[Limnologica]]''
* [http://www.aslo.org/ Limnology and Oceanography]
* [http://www.cerf-jcr.org/ Journal of Coastal Research]
*[http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/fwb ''Freshwater Biology'']
== See also ==
* [[List of publications in biology#Limnology|Important publications in limnology]]
* [[G. Evelyn Hutchinson]]
* [[Freshwater biology]]
* [[Marine biology]]
* [[Oceanography]]
* [[Limnic eruption]]
* [[Lake aeration]]
* [[Paleolimnology]]
== Resources ==
* [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/UW.LimnHist The History of Limnology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison]: A digital resource documenting three generations of limnological research in Wisconsin. Much of the collection comes from the archives of the UW-Madison Center for Limnology. It focuses on three important pioneers of limnology, Dr. [[Edward A. Birge]], [[Chancey Juday]] and Arthur D. Hasler, as well as Wisconsin research laboratories and field equipment. Presented by the University of Wisconsin Digital Collections Center.
*[http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.WTBreakWaters Breaking new waters: a Century of Limnology at the University of Wisconsin]: A special publication of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters in celebration of a century of limnological research.
*[http://www.geowis.de/product_info.php?products_id=398 Review (German) on Jerry R. Miller's and Suzanne M. Orbock Miller's critical scientific study Contaminated Rivers] A Geomorphological-Geochemical Approach to Site Assessment and Remediation
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
==Other important reference works==
* [[Gerald A. Cole]], ''Textbook of Limnology'', 4th ed. ([[Waveland Press]], 1994) ISBN 0-88133-800-1
* [[Stanley Dodson]], ''Introduction to Limnology'' (2005), ISBN 0-07-287935-1
*[[A.J.Horne]] & [[C.R. Goldman]]: ''Limnology'' (1994), ISBN 0-07-023673-9
* [[G. E. Hutchinson]], ''A Treatise on Limnology'', 3 vols. (1957-1975) - classic but dated
* [[H.B.N. Hynes]], ''The Ecology of Running Waters'' (1970)
* [[Jacob Kalff]], ''Limnology'' ([[Prentice Hall]], 2001)
* [[B. Moss]], ''Ecology of Fresh Waters'' ([[Blackwell]], 1998)
* [[Robert G. Wetzel]] & [[Gene E. Likens]], ''Limnological Analyses'', 3rd ed. ([[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer-Verlag]], 2000)
{{Physical geography topics}}
[[Category:Aquatic ecology]]
[[Category:Limnology|*]]
[[Category:Hydrography]]
[[Category:Lakes]]
[[Category:Physical geography]]
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