List of Nobel laureates 1175987 226049506 2008-07-16T16:32:38Z Bart Versieck 57614 Small fix This is a list of '''[[Nobel Prize]] [[laureate]]s''' awarded for their outstanding contributions to [[humanitarian]] causes for [[peace]], work in [[literature]] and in the [[science]] disciplines for [[chemistry]], [[medicine]] and [[physiology]], [[physics]] and [[economics]]. {{commonscat|Nobel laureates}} ==Physics== {{main|Nobel Prize in Physics}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=50%}} * 1901: [[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]] * 1902: [[Hendrik A. Lorentz]] / [[Pieter Zeeman]] * 1903: [[Henri Becquerel]] / [[Pierre Curie]] / [[Maria Sklodowska-Curie]] * 1904: [[Lord Rayleigh]] * 1905: [[Philipp Lenard]] * 1906: [[J.J. Thomson]] * 1907: [[Albert A. Michelson]] * 1908: [[Gabriel Lippmann]] * 1909: [[Guglielmo Marconi]] / [[Ferdinand Braun]] * 1910: [[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]] * 1911: [[Wilhelm Wien]] * 1912: [[Gustaf Dalén]] * 1913: [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]] * 1914: [[Max von Laue]] * 1915: [[William Henry Bragg]] / [[William Lawrence Bragg]] * 1916: ''no award'' * 1917: [[Charles Glover Barkla]] * 1918: [[Max Planck]] * 1919: [[Johannes Stark]] * 1920: [[Charles Edouard Guillaume]] * 1921: [[Albert Einstein]] * 1922: [[Niels Bohr]] * 1923: [[Robert A. Millikan]] * 1924: [[Manne Siegbahn]] * 1925: [[James Franck]] / [[Gustav Hertz]] * 1926: [[Jean Baptiste Perrin]] * 1927: [[Arthur H. Compton]] / [[C.T.R. Wilson]] * 1928: [[Owen Willans Richardson]] * 1929: [[Louis de Broglie]] * 1930: [[Venkata Raman]] * 1931: ''no award'' * 1932: [[Werner Heisenberg]] * 1933: [[Erwin Schrödinger]] / [[Paul A.M. Dirac]] * 1934: ''no award'' * 1935: [[James Chadwick]] * 1936: [[Victor F. Hess]] / [[Carl D. Anderson]] * 1937: [[Clinton Davisson]] / [[George Paget Thomson]] * 1938: [[Enrico Fermi]] * 1939: [[Ernest Lawrence]] * 1940: ''no award'' * 1941: ''no award'' * 1942: ''no award'' * 1943: [[Otto Stern]] * 1944: [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]] * 1945: [[Wolfgang Pauli]] * 1946: [[Percy W. Bridgman]] * 1947: [[Edward V. Appleton]] * 1948: [[Patrick M.S. Blackett]] * 1949: [[Hideki Yukawa]] * 1950: [[Cecil Powell]] * 1951: [[John Cockcroft]] / [[Ernest T.S. Walton]] * 1952: [[Felix Bloch]] / [[E. M. Purcell]] * 1953: [[Frits Zernike]] * 1954: [[Max Born]] / [[Walther Bothe]] * 1955: [[Willis E. Lamb]] / [[Polykarp Kusch]] {{col-break}} * 1956: [[William B. Shockley]] / [[John Bardeen]] / [[Walter H. Brattain]] * 1957: [[Chen Ning Yang]] / [[Tsung-Dao Lee]] * 1958: [[Pavel A. Cherenkov]] / [[Il´ja M. Frank]] / [[Igor Y. Tamm]] * 1959: [[Emilio Segrè]] / [[Owen Chamberlain]] * 1960: [[Donald A. Glaser]] * 1961: [[Robert Hofstadter]] / [[Rudolf Mössbauer]] * 1962: [[Lev Landau]] * 1963: [[Eugene Wigner]] / [[Maria Goeppert-Mayer]] / [[J. Hans D. Jensen]] * 1964: [[Charles H. Townes]] / [[Nicolay G. Basov]] / [[Aleksandr M. Prokhorov]] * 1965: [[Sin-Itiro Tomonaga]] / [[Julian Schwinger]] / [[Richard P. Feynman]] * 1966: [[Alfred Kastler]] * 1967: [[Hans Bethe]] * 1968: [[Luis Alvarez]] * 1969: [[Murray Gell-Mann]] * 1970: [[Hannes Alfvén]] / [[Louis Néel]] * 1971: [[Dennis Gabor]] * 1972: [[John Bardeen]] / [[Leon Neil Cooper]] / [[Robert Schrieffer]] * 1973: [[Leo Esaki]] / [[Ivar Giaever]] / [[Brian D. Josephson]] * 1974: [[Martin Ryle]] / [[Antony Hewish]] * 1975: [[Aage N. Bohr]] / [[Ben R. Mottelson]] / [[James Rainwater]] * 1976: [[Burton Richter]] / [[Samuel C.C. Ting]] * 1977: [[Philip W. Anderson]] / [[Sir Nevill F. Mott]] / [[John H. van Vleck]] * 1978: [[Pyotr Kapitsa]] / [[Arno Penzias]] / [[Robert Woodrow Wilson]] * 1979: [[Sheldon Glashow]] / [[Abdus Salam]] / [[Steven Weinberg]] * 1980: [[James Cronin]] / [[Val Fitch]] * 1981: [[Nicolaas Bloembergen]] / [[Arthur L. Schawlow]] / [[Kai M. Siegbahn]] * 1982: [[Kenneth G. Wilson]] * 1983: [[Subramanyan Chandrasekhar]] / [[William A. Fowler]] * 1984: [[Carlo Rubbia]] / [[Simon van der Meer]] * 1985: [[Klaus von Klitzing]] * 1986: [[Ernst Ruska]] / [[Gerd Binnig]] / [[Heinrich Rohrer]] * 1987: [[J. Georg Bednorz]] / [[K. Alex Müller]] * 1988: [[Leon M. Lederman]] / [[Melvin Schwartz]] / [[Jack Steinberger]] * 1989: [[Norman F. Ramsey]] / [[Hans G. Dehmelt]] / [[Wolfgang Paul]] * 1990: [[Jerome I. Friedman]] / [[Henry W. Kendall]] / [[Richard E. Taylor]] * 1991: [[Pierre-Gilles de Gennes]] * 1992: [[Georges Charpak]] * 1993: [[Russell A. Hulse]] / [[Joseph H. Taylor, Jr.]] * 1994: [[Bertram N. Brockhouse]] / [[Clifford G. Shull]] * 1995: [[Martin L. Perl]] / [[Frederick Reines]] * 1996: [[David M. Lee]] / [[Douglas D. Osheroff]] / [[Robert Coleman Richardson]] * 1997: [[Steven Chu]] / [[Claude Cohen-Tannoudji]] / [[William D. Phillips]] * 1998: [[Robert B. Laughlin]] / [[Horst L. Störmer]] / [[Daniel C. Tsui]] * 1999: [[Gerardus 't Hooft]] / [[Martinus J.G. Veltman]] * 2000: [[Zhores I. Alferov]] / [[Herbert Kroemer]] / [[Jack Kilby|Jack S. Kilby]] * 2001: [[Eric A. Cornell]] / [[Wolfgang Ketterle]] / [[Carl E. Wieman]] * 2002: [[Raymond Davis, Jr.]] / [[Masatoshi Koshiba]] / [[Riccardo Giacconi]] * 2003: [[Alexei A. Abrikosov]] / [[Vitaly L. Ginzburg]] / [[Anthony J. Leggett]] * 2004: [[David J. Gross]] / [[H. David Politzer]] / [[Frank Wilczek]] * 2005: [[Roy J. Glauber]] / [[John L. Hall]] / [[Theodor W. Hänsch]] * 2006: [[John C. Mather]] / [[George F. Smoot]] * 2007: [[Albert Fert]] / [[Peter Grünberg]] {{col-end}} ==Chemistry== {{main|Nobel Prize in Chemistry}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=50%}} * 1901: [[Jacobus H. van 't Hoff]] * 1902: [[Hermann Emil Fischer|Emil Fischer]] * 1903: [[Svante Arrhenius]] * 1904: [[Sir William Ramsay]] * 1905: [[Adolf von Baeyer]] * 1906: [[Henri Moissan]] * 1907: [[Eduard Buchner]] * 1908: [[Ernest Rutherford]] * 1909: [[Wilhelm Ostwald]] * 1910: [[Otto Wallach]] * 1911: [[Maria Skłodowska-Curie]] * 1912: [[Victor Grignard]] / [[Paul Sabatier]] * 1913: [[Alfred Werner]] * 1914: [[Theodore William Richards]] * 1915: [[Richard Willstätter]] * 1916: ''no award'' * 1917: ''no award'' * 1918: [[Fritz Haber]] * 1919: ''no award'' * 1920: [[Walther Nernst]] * 1921: [[Frederick Soddy]] * 1922: [[Francis W. Aston]] * 1923: [[Fritz Pregl]] * 1924: ''no award'' * 1925: [[Richard Zsigmondy]] * 1926: [[The Svedberg]] * 1927: [[Heinrich Wieland]] * 1928: [[Adolf Windaus]] * 1929: [[Arthur Harden]] / [[Hans von Euler-Chelpin]] * 1930: [[Hans Fischer]] * 1931: [[Carl Bosch]] / [[Friedrich Bergius]] * 1932: [[Irving Langmuir]] * 1933: ''no award'' * 1934: [[Harold C. Urey]] * 1935: [[Frédéric Joliot-Curie]] / [[Irène Joliot-Curie]] * 1936: [[Peter Debye]] * 1937: [[Norman Haworth]] / [[Paul Karrer]] * 1938: [[Richard Kuhn]] * 1939: [[Adolf Butenandt]] / [[Leopold Ruzicka]] * 1940: ''no award'' * 1941: ''no award'' * 1942: ''no award'' * 1943: [[George de Hevesy]] * 1944: [[Otto Hahn]] * 1945: [[Artturi Virtanen]] * 1946: [[James B. Sumner]] / [[John H. Northrop]] / [[Wendell M. Stanley]] * 1947: [[Sir Robert Robinson]] * 1948: [[Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius]] * 1949: [[William F. Giauque]] * 1950: [[Otto Diels]] / [[Kurt Alder]] * 1951: [[Edwin M. McMillan]] / [[Glenn T. Seaborg]] * 1952: [[Archer John Porter Martin|Archer J.P. Martin]] / [[Richard Laurence Millington Synge|Richard L.M. Synge]] * 1953: [[Hermann Staudinger]] * 1954: [[Linus Pauling]] {{col-break}} * 1955: [[Vincent du Vigneaud]] * 1956: [[Sir Cyril Hinshelwood]] / [[Nikolay Semenov]] * 1957: [[Lord Todd]] * 1958: [[Frederick Sanger]] * 1959: [[Jaroslav Heyrovský]] * 1960: [[Willard F. Libby]] * 1961: [[Melvin Calvin]] * 1962: [[Max F. Perutz]] / [[John C. Kendrew]] * 1963: [[Karl Ziegler]] / [[Giulio Natta]] * 1964: [[Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin]] * 1965: [[Robert Burns Woodward]] * 1966: [[Robert S. Mulliken]] * 1967: [[Manfred Eigen]] / [[Ronald G.W. Norrish]] / [[George Porter]] * 1968: [[Lars Onsager]] * 1969: [[Derek Barton]] / [[Odd Hassel]] * 1970: [[Luis Leloir]] * 1971: [[Gerhard Herzberg]] * 1972: [[Christian Anfinsen]] / [[Stanford Moore]] / [[William H. Stein]] * 1973: [[Ernst Otto Fischer]] / [[Geoffrey Wilkinson]] * 1974: [[Paul J. Flory]] * 1975: [[John Cornforth]] / [[Vladimir Prelog]] * 1976: [[William Lipscomb]] * 1977: [[Ilya Prigogine]] * 1978: [[Peter Mitchell (Chemist)|Peter Mitchell]] * 1979: [[Herbert C. Brown]] / [[Georg Wittig]] * 1980: [[Paul Berg]] / [[Walter Gilbert]] / [[Frederick Sanger]] * 1981: [[Kenichi Fukui]] / [[Roald Hoffmann]] * 1982: [[Aaron Klug]] * 1983: [[Henry Taube]] * 1984: [[Bruce Merrifield]] * 1985: [[Herbert A. Hauptman]] / [[Jerome Karle]] * 1986: [[Dudley R. Herschbach]] / [[Yuan T. Lee]] / [[John C. Polanyi]] * 1987: [[Donald J. Cram]] / [[Jean-Marie Lehn]] / [[Charles J. Pedersen]] * 1988: [[Johann Deisenhofer]] / [[Robert Huber]] / [[Hartmut Michel]] * 1989: [[Sidney Altman]] / [[Thomas R. Cech]] * 1990: [[Elias James Corey]] * 1991: [[Richard R. Ernst]] * 1992: [[Rudolph A. Marcus]] * 1993: [[Kary B. Mullis]] / [[Michael Smith (chemist)|Michael Smith]] * 1994: [[George A. Olah]] * 1995: [[Paul J. Crutzen]] / [[Mario J. Molina]] / [[F. Sherwood Rowland]] * 1996: [[Robert F. Curl, Jr.]] / [[Sir Harold Kroto]] / [[Richard E. Smalley]] * 1997: [[Paul D. Boyer]] / [[John E. Walker]] / [[Jens C. Skou]] * 1998: [[Walter Kohn]] / [[John Pople]] * 1999: [[Ahmed Zewail]] * 2000: [[Alan Heeger]] / [[Alan G. MacDiarmid]] / [[Hideki Shirakawa]] * 2001: [[William S. Knowles]] / [[Ryoji Noyori]] / [[K. Barry Sharpless]] * 2002: [[John Bennett Fenn|John B. Fenn]] / [[Koichi Tanaka]] / [[Kurt Wüthrich]] * 2003: [[Peter Agre]] / [[Roderick MacKinnon]] * 2004: [[Aaron Ciechanover]] / [[Avram Hershko]] / [[Irwin Rose]] * 2005: [[Robert Grubbs]] / [[Richard Schrock]] / [[Yves Chauvin]] * 2006: [[Roger D. Kornberg]] * 2007: [[Gerhard Ertl]] {{col-end}} ==Physiology or medicine== {{main|Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=50%}} * 1901: [[Emil von Behring]] * 1902: [[Ronald Ross]] * 1903: [[Niels Ryberg Finsen]] * 1904: [[Ivan Pavlov]] * 1905: [[Robert Koch]] * 1906: [[Camillo Golgi]] / [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]] * 1907: [[Alphonse Laveran]] * 1908: [[Ilya Mechnikov]] / [[Paul Ehrlich]] * 1909: [[Theodor Kocher]] * 1910: [[Albrecht Kossel]] * 1911: [[Allvar Gullstrand]] * 1912: [[Alexis Carrel]] * 1913: [[Robert Bárány]] * 1914: ''no award'' * 1915: ''no award'' * 1916: ''no award'' * 1917: ''no award'' * 1918: ''no award'' * 1919: [[Jules Bordet]] * 1920: [[August Krogh]] * 1921: ''no award'' * 1922: [[Archibald Vivian Hill]] / [[Otto Meyerhof]] * 1923: [[Frederick G. Banting]] / [[John James Richard Macleod]] * 1924: [[Willem Einthoven]] * 1925: ''no award'' * 1926: [[Johannes Fibiger]] * 1927: [[Julius Wagner-Jauregg]] * 1928: [[Charles Nicolle]] * 1929: [[Christiaan Eijkman]] / [[Sir Frederick Hopkins]] * 1930: [[Karl Landsteiner]] * 1931: [[Otto Heinrich Warburg]] * 1932: [[Sir Charles Sherrington]] / [[Edgar Douglas Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian|Edgar Adrian]] * 1933: [[Thomas H. Morgan]] * 1934: [[George H. Whipple]] / [[George R. Minot]] / [[William P. Murphy]] * 1935: [[Hans Spemann]] * 1936: [[Sir Henry Dale]] / [[Otto Loewi]] * 1937: [[Albert Szent-Györgyi]] * 1938: [[Corneille Heymans]] * 1939: [[Gerhard Domagk]] * 1940: ''no award'' * 1941: ''no award'' * 1942: ''no award'' * 1943: [[Henrik Dam]] / [[Edward A. Doisy]] * 1944: [[Joseph Erlanger]] / [[Herbert S. Gasser]] * 1945: [[Sir Alexander Fleming]] / [[Ernst B. Chain]] / [[Sir Howard Florey]] * 1946: [[Hermann J. Muller]] * 1947: [[Carl Cori]] / [[Gerty Cori]] / [[Bernardo Houssay]] * 1948: [[Paul Hermann Müller|Paul Müller]] * 1949: [[Walter Hess]] / [[Egas Moniz]] * 1950: [[Edward C. Kendall]] / [[Tadeus Reichstein]] / [[Philip S. Hench]] * 1951: [[Max Theiler]] * 1952: [[Selman A. Waksman]] * 1953: [[Hans Adolf Krebs|Hans Krebs]] / [[Fritz Lipmann]] * 1954: [[John Franklin Enders]] / [[Thomas Huckle Weller]] / [[Frederick Chapman Robbins]] {{col-break}} * 1955: [[Hugo Theorell]] * 1956: [[André F. Cournand]] / [[Werner Forssmann]] / [[Dickinson W. Richards]] * 1957: [[Daniel Bovet]] * 1958: [[George Beadle]] / [[Edward Tatum]] / [[Joshua Lederberg]] * 1959: [[Severo Ochoa]] / [[Arthur Kornberg]] * 1960: [[Frank Macfarlane Burnet]] / [[Peter Medawar]] * 1961: [[Georg von Békésy]] * 1962: [[Francis Crick]] / [[James D. Watson]] / [[Maurice Wilkins]] * 1963: [[Sir John Eccles]] / [[Alan L. Hodgkin]] / [[Andrew Huxley]] * 1964: [[Konrad Bloch]] / [[Feodor Lynen]] * 1965: [[François Jacob]] / [[André Lwoff]] / [[Jacques Monod]] * 1966: [[Peyton Rous]] / [[Charles B. Huggins]] * 1967: [[Ragnar Granit]] / [[Haldan K. Hartline]] / [[George Wald]] * 1968: [[Robert W. Holley]] / [[H. Gobind Khorana]] / [[Marshall W. Nirenberg]] * 1969: [[Max Delbrück]] / [[Alfred D. Hershey]] / [[Salvador E. Luria]] * 1970: [[Sir Bernard Katz]] / [[Ulf von Euler]] / [[Julius Axelrod]] * 1971: [[Earl W. Sutherland, Jr.]] * 1972: [[Gerald M. Edelman]] / [[Rodney R. Porter]] * 1973: [[Karl von Frisch]] / [[Konrad Lorenz]] / [[Nikolaas Tinbergen]] * 1974: [[Albert Claude]] / [[Christian de Duve]] / [[George E. Palade]] * 1975: [[David Baltimore]] / [[Renato Dulbecco]] / [[Howard M. Temin]] * 1976: [[Baruch S. Blumberg]] / [[D. Carleton Gajdusek]] * 1977: [[Roger Guillemin]] / [[Andrew V. Schally]] / [[Rosalyn Yalow]] * 1978: [[Werner Arber]] / [[Daniel Nathans]] / [[Hamilton O. Smith]] * 1979: [[Allan M. Cormack]] / [[Godfrey N. Hounsfield]] * 1980: [[Baruj Benacerraf]] / [[Jean Dausset]] / [[George D. Snell]] * 1981: [[Roger W. Sperry]] / [[David H. Hubel]] / [[Torsten N. Wiesel]] * 1982: [[Sune K. Bergström]] / [[Bengt I. Samuelsson]] / [[John R. Vane]] * 1983: [[Barbara McClintock]] * 1984: [[Niels K. Jerne]] / [[Georges J.F. Köhler]] / [[César Milstein]] * 1985: [[Michael S. Brown]] / [[Joseph L. Goldstein]] * 1986: [[Stanley Cohen (biochemist)|Stanley Cohen]] / [[Rita Levi-Montalcini]] * 1987: [[Susumu Tonegawa]] * 1988: [[James W. Black]] / [[Gertrude B. Elion]] / [[George H. Hitchings]] * 1989: [[J. Michael Bishop]] / [[Harold E. Varmus]] * 1990: [[Joseph E. Murray]] / [[E. Donnall Thomas]] * 1991: [[Erwin Neher]] / [[Bert Sakmann]] * 1992: [[Edmond H. Fischer]] / [[Edwin G. Krebs]] * 1993: [[Richard J. Roberts]] / [[Phillip A. Sharp]] * 1994: [[Alfred G. Gilman]] / [[Martin Rodbell]] * 1995: [[Edward B. Lewis]] / [[Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard]] / [[Eric F. Wieschaus]] * 1996: [[Peter C. Doherty]] / [[Rolf M. Zinkernagel]] * 1997: [[Stanley B. Prusiner]] * 1998: [[Robert F. Furchgott]] / [[Louis J. Ignarro]] / [[Ferid Murad]] * 1999: [[Günter Blobel]] * 2000: [[Arvid Carlsson]] / [[Paul Greengard]] / [[Eric R. Kandel]] * 2001: [[Leland H. Hartwell]] / [[Tim Hunt]] / [[Sir Paul Nurse]] * 2002: [[Sydney Brenner]] / [[H. Robert Horvitz]] / [[John E. Sulston]] * 2003: [[Paul C. Lauterbur]] / [[Peter Mansfield]] * 2004: [[Richard Axel]] / [[Linda B. Buck]] * 2005: [[Barry J. Marshall]] / [[Robin Warren|J. Robin Warren]] * 2006: [[Andrew Z. Fire]] / [[Craig C. Mello]] * 2007: [[Mario Capecchi]] / [[Martin Evans]] / [[Oliver Smithies]] {{col-end}} ==Literature== {{main|Nobel Prize in Literature}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=50%}} * 1901: [[Sully Prudhomme]] * 1902: [[Theodor Mommsen]] * 1903: [[Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson]] * 1904: [[Frédéric Mistral]] / [[José Echegaray]] * 1905: [[Henryk Sienkiewicz]] * 1906: [[Giosuè Carducci]] * 1907: [[Rudyard Kipling]] * 1908: [[Rudolf Eucken]] * 1909: [[Selma Lagerlöf]] * 1910: [[Paul Heyse]] * 1911: [[Maurice Maeterlinck]] * 1912: [[Gerhart Hauptmann]] * 1913: [[Rabindranath Tagore]] * 1914: ''no award'' * 1915: [[Romain Rolland]] * 1916: [[Verner von Heidenstam]] * 1917: [[Karl Gjellerup]] / [[Henrik Pontoppidan]] * 1918: ''no award'' * 1919: [[Carl Spitteler]] * 1920: [[Knut Hamsun]] * 1921: [[Anatole France]] * 1922: [[Jacinto Benavente]] * 1923: [[William Butler Yeats]] * 1924: [[Władysław Reymont]] * 1925: [[George Bernard Shaw]] * 1926: [[Grazia Deledda]] * 1927: [[Henri Bergson]] * 1928: [[Sigrid Undset]] * 1929: [[Thomas Mann]] * 1930: [[Sinclair Lewis]] * 1931: [[Erik Axel Karlfeldt]] * 1932: [[John Galsworthy]] * 1933: [[Ivan Bunin]] * 1934: [[Luigi Pirandello]] * 1935: ''no award'' * 1936: [[Eugene O'Neill]] * 1937: [[Roger Martin du Gard]] * 1938: [[Pearl Buck]] * 1939: [[Frans Eemil Sillanpää]] * 1940: ''no award'' * 1941: ''no award'' * 1942: ''no award'' * 1943: ''no award'' * 1944: [[Johannes V. Jensen]] * 1945: [[Gabriela Mistral]] * 1946: [[Hermann Hesse]] * 1947: [[André Gide]] * 1948: [[T. S. Eliot]] * 1949: [[William Faulkner]] * 1950: [[Bertrand Russell]] * 1951: [[Pär Lagerkvist]] * 1952: [[François Mauriac]] * 1953: [[Winston Churchill]] * 1954: [[Ernest Hemingway]] {{col-break}} * 1955: [[Halldór Laxness]] * 1956: [[Juan Ramón Jiménez]] * 1957: [[Albert Camus]] * 1958: [[Boris Pasternak]] * 1959: [[Salvatore Quasimodo]] * 1960: [[Saint-John Perse]] * 1961: [[Ivo Andrić]] * 1962: [[John Steinbeck]] * 1963: [[Giorgos Seferis]] * 1964: [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] (refused)<ref>{{cite press release | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1964/press.html | title=The Nobel Prize in Literature 1964 | publisher=[[Nobel Foundation]] | date=1964 | accessdate=2008-04-06}}</ref> * 1965: [[Mikhail Sholokhov]] * 1966: [[Samuel Agnon]] / [[Nelly Sachs]] * 1967: [[Miguel Ángel Asturias]] * 1968: [[Yasunari Kawabata]] * 1969: [[Samuel Beckett]] * 1970: [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]] * 1971: [[Pablo Neruda]] * 1972: [[Heinrich Böll]] * 1973: [[Patrick White]] * 1974: [[Eyvind Johnson]] / [[Harry Martinson]] * 1975: [[Eugenio Montale]] * 1976: [[Saul Bellow]] * 1977: [[Vicente Aleixandre]] * 1978: [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]] * 1979: [[Odysseus Elytis]] * 1980: [[Czesław Miłosz]] * 1981: [[Elias Canetti]] * 1982: [[Gabriel García Márquez]] * 1983: [[William Golding]] * 1984: [[Jaroslav Seifert]] * 1985: [[Claude Simon]] * 1986: [[Wole Soyinka]] * 1987: [[Joseph Brodsky]] * 1988: [[Naguib Mahfouz]] * 1989: [[Camilo José Cela]] * 1990: [[Octavio Paz]] * 1991: [[Nadine Gordimer]] * 1992: [[Derek Walcott]] * 1993: [[Toni Morrison]] * 1994: [[Kenzaburo Oe]] * 1995: [[Seamus Heaney]] * 1996: [[Wisława Szymborska]] * 1997: [[Dario Fo]] * 1998: [[José Saramago]] * 1999: [[Günter Grass]] * 2000: [[Gao Xingjian]] * 2001: [[V. S. Naipaul]] * 2002: [[Imre Kertész]] * 2003: [[J. M. Coetzee]] * 2004: [[Elfriede Jelinek]] * 2005: [[Harold Pinter]] * 2006: [[Orhan Pamuk]] * 2007: [[Doris Lessing]] {{col-end}} ==Peace== {{main|Nobel Peace Prize}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=50%}} * 1901: [[Henry Dunant]] / [[Frédéric Passy]] * 1902: [[Élie Ducommun]] / [[Albert Gobat]] * 1903: [[Randal Cremer]] * 1904: [[Institute of International Law]] * 1905: [[Bertha von Suttner]] * 1906: [[Theodore Roosevelt]] * 1907: [[Ernesto Teodoro Moneta]] / [[Louis Renault (jurist)|Louis Renault]] * 1908: [[Klas Pontus Arnoldson]] / [[Fredrik Bajer]] * 1909: [[Auguste Beernaert]] / [[Paul Henri d'Estournelles de Constant]] * 1910: [[Permanent International Peace Bureau]] * 1911: [[Tobias Asser]] / [[Alfred Fried]] * 1912: [[Elihu Root]] * 1913: [[Henri La Fontaine]] * 1914: ''no award'' * 1915: ''no award'' * 1916: ''no award'' * 1917: [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] * 1918: ''no award'' * 1919: [[Woodrow Wilson]] * 1920: [[Léon Bourgeois]] * 1921: [[Hjalmar Branting]] / [[Christian Lous Lange|Christian Lange]] * 1922: [[Fridtjof Nansen]] * 1923: ''no award'' * 1924: ''no award'' * 1925: [[Sir Austen Chamberlain]] / [[Charles G. Dawes]] * 1926: [[Aristide Briand]] / [[Gustav Stresemann]] * 1927: [[Ferdinand Buisson]] / [[Ludwig Quidde]] * 1928: ''no award'' * 1929: [[Frank B. Kellogg]] * 1930: [[Nathan Söderblom]] * 1931: [[Jane Addams]] / [[Nicholas Murray Butler]] * 1932: ''no award'' * 1933: [[Sir Norman Angell]] * 1934: [[Arthur Henderson]] * 1935: [[Carl von Ossietzky]] * 1936: [[Carlos Saavedra Lamas]] * 1937: [[Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood|The Viscount Cecil of Chelwood]] * 1938: [[Nansen International Office for Refugees]] * 1939: ''no award'' * 1940: ''no award'' * 1941: ''no award'' * 1942: ''no award'' * 1943: ''no award'' * 1944: [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] * 1945: [[Cordell Hull]] * 1946: [[Emily Greene Balch]] / [[John R. Mott]] * 1947: [[Friends Service Council]] / [[American Friends Service Committee]] * 1948: ''no award'' * 1949: [[Lord Boyd Orr]] * 1950: [[Ralph Bunche]] * 1951: [[Léon Jouhaux]] * 1952: [[Albert Schweitzer]] * 1953: [[George C. Marshall]] * 1954: [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]] {{col-break}} * 1955: ''no award'' * 1956: ''no award'' * 1957: [[Lester Bowles Pearson]] * 1958: [[Georges Pire]] * 1959: [[Philip Noel-Baker]] * 1960: [[Albert Lutuli]] * 1961: [[Dag Hammarskjöld]] ''(posthumous)'' * 1962: [[Linus Pauling]] * 1963: [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] / [[League of Red Cross Societies]] * 1964: [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] * 1965: [[United Nations Children's Fund]] * 1966: ''no award'' * 1967: ''no award'' * 1968: [[René Cassin]] * 1969: [[International Labour Organization]] * 1970: [[Norman Borlaug]] * 1971: [[Willy Brandt]] * 1972: ''no award'' * 1973: [[Henry Kissinger]] / [[Le Duc Tho]] * 1974: [[Seán MacBride]] / [[Eisaku Sato]] * 1975: [[Andrei Sakharov]] * 1976: [[Betty Williams (nobel laureate)|Betty Williams]] / [[Mairead Corrigan]] * 1977: [[Amnesty International]] * 1978: [[Anwar al-Sadat]] / [[Menachem Begin]] * 1979: [[Mother Teresa]] * 1980: [[Adolfo Pérez Esquivel]] * 1981: [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]] * 1982: [[Alva Myrdal]] / [[Alfonso García Robles]] * 1983: [[Lech Wałęsa]] * 1984: [[Desmond Tutu]] * 1985: [[International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War]] * 1986: [[Elie Wiesel]] * 1987: [[Óscar Arias]] * 1988: [[United Nations Peacekeeping Forces]] * 1989: [[Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama]] * 1990: [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] * 1991: [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] * 1992: [[Rigoberta Menchú]] * 1993: [[Nelson Mandela]] / [[F.W. de Klerk]] * 1994: [[Yasser Arafat]] / [[Shimon Peres]] / [[Yitzhak Rabin]] * 1995: [[Joseph Rotblat]] / [[Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs]] * 1996: [[Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo]] / [[José Ramos-Horta]] * 1997: [[International Campaign to Ban Landmines]] / [[Jody Williams]] * 1998: [[John Hume]] / [[David Trimble]] * 1999: [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] * 2000: [[Kim Dae-jung]] * 2001: [[United Nations]] / [[Kofi Annan]] * 2002: [[Jimmy Carter]] * 2003: [[Shirin Ebadi]] * 2004: [[Wangari Maathai]] * 2005: [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] / [[Mohamed ElBaradei]] * 2006: [[Grameen Bank]] / [[Muhammad Yunus]] * 2007: [[Al Gore]] / [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] {{col-end}} ==Economics== {{main|Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=50%}} * 1969: [[Ragnar Frisch]] / [[Jan Tinbergen]] * 1970: [[Paul A. Samuelson]] * 1971: [[Simon Kuznets]] * 1972: [[John Hicks]] / [[Kenneth J. Arrow]] * 1973: [[Wassily Leontief]] * 1974: [[Gunnar Myrdal]] / [[Friedrich August von Hayek]] * 1975: [[Leonid Kantorovich]] / [[Tjalling C. Koopmans]] * 1976: [[Milton Friedman]] * 1977: [[Bertil Ohlin]] / [[James Meade|James Edward Meade]] * 1978: [[Herbert A. Simon]] * 1979: [[Theodore Schultz|Theodore William Schultz]] / [[Sir Arthur Lewis]] * 1980: [[Lawrence R. Klein]] * 1981: [[James Tobin]] * 1982: [[George J. Stigler]] * 1983: [[Gerard Debreu]] * 1984: [[Richard Stone]] * 1985: [[Franco Modigliani]] * 1986: [[James M. Buchanan|James McGill Buchanan, Jr.]] * 1987: [[Robert M. Solow]] * 1988: [[Maurice Allais]] {{col-break}} * 1989: [[Trygve Haavelmo]] * 1990: [[Harry M. Markowitz]] / [[Merton H. Miller]] / [[William F. Sharpe]] * 1991: [[Ronald H. Coase]] * 1992: [[Gary S. Becker]] * 1993: [[Robert Fogel|Robert W. Fogel]] / [[Douglass C. North]] * 1994: [[John C. Harsanyi]] / [[John Forbes Nash, Jr.]] / [[Reinhard Selten]] * 1995: [[Robert Lucas, Jr.]] * 1996: [[James A. Mirrlees]] / [[William Vickrey]] * 1997: [[Robert C. Merton]] / [[Myron S. Scholes]] * 1998: [[Amartya Sen]] * 1999: [[Robert A. Mundell]] * 2000: [[James J. Heckman]] / [[Daniel L. McFadden]] * 2001: [[George A. Akerlof]] / [[A. Michael Spence]] / [[Joseph E. Stiglitz]] * 2002: [[Daniel Kahneman]] / [[Vernon L. Smith]] * 2003: [[Robert F. Engle|Robert F. Engle III]] / [[Clive W. J. Granger]] * 2004: [[Finn E. Kydland]] / [[Edward C. Prescott]] * 2005: [[Robert J. Aumann]] / [[Thomas C. Schelling]] * 2006: [[Edmund S. Phelps]] * 2007: [[Leonid Hurwicz]] / [[Eric S. Maskin]] / [[Roger B. Myerson]] {{col-end}} ==See also== * [[Nobel laureates by country]] * [[Nobel Prize laureates by secondary school affiliation]] * [[Nobel Prize laureates by university affiliation]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://nobelprize.org/ The Nobel Foundation] {{Nobel Prizes}} [[Category:Award winners|Nobel Prize]] [[Category:Lists of awards]] [[Category:Nobel laureates| ]] [[Category:Nobel Prize|Laureates]] [[ar:قائمة الحاصلين على جائزة نوبل]] [[id:Daftar penerima Nobel]] [[hu:Nobel-díjasok listája]] [[ja:ノーベル賞受賞者の一覧]] [[ro:Lista laureaţilor Premiului Nobel]] [[sq:Lista e fituesve të Çmimit Nobel]] [[ta:நோபல் பரிசு பெற்றவர்கள் பட்டியல்]] [[vi:Những người đoạt giải Nobel]] [[tr:Nobel Ödülü kazananların listesi]]