List of Solar System probes
788460
226119110
2008-07-16T22:11:33Z
Seddon
1774010
/* Lunar probes */ corrected
{{For|a list of probes organized by functional status and mission completion|List of probes by operational status}}
{{For|a list of landers only|Landings on other planets}}
This is a list of all [[space probe]]s that have left Earth orbit or were launched with that intention but failed, organised by their planned destination. This includes planetary probes, lunar probes, solar probes and probes to asteroids and comets. Flybys, including terrestrial, (such as [[Gravitational slingshot|gravity assists]]) that were incidental to the main purpose of the mission are also listed. Confirmed future probes are included, but missions that are still at the concept stage, or which never progressed beyond the concept stage, are not.
==Key==
* <font style="background:#F0F0D0">Grey shading</font> indicates a successful or partly successful mission
*<sup>†</sup> means "tentatively identified", as classified by NASA [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]. These are Cold War-era Soviet missions, mostly failures, about which few or no details have been officially released. The information given may be speculative.
*'''Type''' is one of:
:*''flyby'' – the spacecraft is to fly past its target
:*''orbiter'' – the spacecraft is to study the target from orbit
:*''lander'' – the spacecraft is to study the target on its surface
:*''impactor'' – the spacecraft is to study the target until it hits the target and is destroyed
:*''penetrator'' – the spacecraft is to penetrate the surface of the target
:*''atmospheric probe''/''balloon'' – the spacecraft is to study the atmosphere of the target
:*''sample return'' – the spacecraft is to return samples to the Earth
*'''Date''' is the date of:
:* closest encounter (flybys)
:* impact (impactors)
:* orbital insertion to end of mission, whether planned or premature (orbiters)
:* landing to end of mission, whether planned or premature (landers)
:* launch (missions that never got underway due to failure at or soon after launch)
: In cases which do not fit any of the above, the event to which the date refers is stated. Note that as a result of this scheme missions are ''not'' always listed in order of launch.
*Under '''Status''':
:*''success'' means that the mission fulfilled its primary goals. In the case of flybys (such as gravity assists) that are incidental to the main mission, "success" indicates the successful completion of the flyby, not necessarily that of the main mission.
:*''partial success'' means that the mission fulfilled some but not all of its primary goals
:*''failure'' means that the mission did not fulfil any of its primary goals
:Other entries are self-explanatory.
==[[Sun|Solar]] probes==
These are solar observation probes designed to operate in heliocentric orbit or at one of the Earth-Sun [[Lagrangian point]]s. The list excludes Earth-orbiting solar observatories.
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" width="15%" | ''[[Pioneer 5]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[United States Department of Defense|DOD]]
| width="16%" | March–April 1960
| width="10%" | orbiter
| width="10%" | success
| measured magnetic field phenomena, solar flare particles, and ionization in the interplanetary region
| width="50px" | [[Image:Pioneer 5.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" |<ref name="NSSDC - Pioneer 5">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1960-001A|title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Pioneer 5|accessyear=2008|accessmonthday=June 19|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9|Pioneer 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| December 1965 – still contactable in 2000
| orbiter
| success
| rowspan="4" | network of solar-orbiting "space weather" monitors, observing solar wind, cosmic rays, and magnetic fields
| rowspan="4" | [[Image:Pioneer-6-9.jpg|50px]]
|<ref name="NSSDC - Pioneer 6">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-105A|title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Pioneer 6|accessyear=2008|accessmonthday=June 19|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9|Pioneer 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| August 1966 – still contactable in 1995
| orbiter
| success
|<ref name="NSSDC - Pioneer 7">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-075A|title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Pioneer 7|accessyear=2008|accessmonthday=June 19|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9|Pioneer 8]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| December 1967 – still contactable in 2001
| orbiter
| success
| <ref name="NSSDC - Pioneer 8">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-123A|title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Pioneer 8|accessyear=2008|accessmonthday=June 19|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9|Pioneer 9]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| November 1968 – May 1983
| orbiter
| success
| <ref name="NSSDC - Pioneer 9">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-100A|title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Pioneer 9|accessyear=2008|accessmonthday=June 19|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9|Pioneer-E]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[27 August]], [[1969]]
| orbiter
| failure
| intended as part of the Pioneer {{nowrap|6–9}} network; failed to reach orbit
| [[Image:Pioneer-6-9.jpg|50px]]
|<ref name="NSSDC - Pioneer E">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PIONE|title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Pioneer E|accessyear=2008|accessmonthday=June 19|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Helios probes|Helios A]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>{{flagicon|FRG}} [[Bundesministerium fuer Wissenschaftliche Forschung|BWF]]
| November 1974 – 1982
| orbiter
| success
| rowspan="2" | observations of solar wind, magnetic and electric fields, cosmic rays and cosmic dust between Earth and Sun
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Helios spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - Helios-A">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1974-097A|title=Helios-A|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Helios B]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br> {{flagicon|FRG}} BWF
| January 1976 – 1985?
| orbiter
| success
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - Helios-B">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1976-003A|title=Helios-B|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[ISEE-3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 1978–1982
| orbiter
| success
| observed solar phenomena in conjunction with earth-orbiting ISEE-1 and ISEE-2; later renamed ''International Cometary Explorer'' (''ICE'') and directed to Comet Giacobini-Zinner
| [[Image:ISEE3-ICE.jpg|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - ISEE 3">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1976-003A|title=ISEE 3|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Ulysses probe|Ulysses]]''<br>(first pass)
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 1994
| rowspan="2" | orbiter
| rowspan="2" | success
| south polar observations
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - Ulysses">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-090B|title=Ulysses|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| 1995
| north polar observations
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[WIND]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| November 1994 — still active (as of April 2008<ref>[http://www.lockheedmartin.com/news/press_releases/2008/4-30-polarsat.html Lockheed Martin Press Release], April 30, 2008</ref>)
| orbiter
| success
| solar wind measurements
| [[Image:Wind probe.jpg|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - Wind">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1994-071A|title=Wind|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Solar and Heliospheric Observatory|SOHO]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| May 1996 – still active (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
| investigation of Sun's core, corona, and solar wind
| [[Image:SOHO instruments pnggray 300.png|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - SOHO">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-065A|title=SOHO|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Advanced Composition Explorer|ACE]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| August 1997 – still active (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
| solar wind observations
| [[Image:Advanced Composition Explorer.jpg|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - ACE">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-045A|title=ACE|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Ulysses probe|Ulysses]]''<br>(second pass)
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Europe}} [[ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2000
| rowspan="2" | orbiter
| rowspan="2" | success
| south polar observations
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - Ulysses"/>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| 2001
| north polar observations
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Genesis (spacecraft)|Genesis]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2001–2004
| orbiter/<br>sample return
| partial success
| solar wind sample return; crash landed on return to Earth, some samples salvaged
| [[Image:Genesis in collection mode.jpg|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - GENESIS">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2001-034A|title=GENESIS|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[STEREO|STEREO A]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| December 2006 – planned 2 year mission
| orbiter
| operational
| rowspan="2" | stereoscopic imaging of coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:STEREO spacecraft.gif|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - STEREO A">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-047A|title=STEREO A|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[STEREO|STEREO B]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| December 2006 – planned 2 year mission
| orbiter
| operational
| <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - STEREO B">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-047B|title=STEREO B|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Ulysses probe|Ulysses]]''<br>(third pass)
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|Europe}} [[ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2007
| rowspan="2" | orbiter
| success
| south polar observations
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | <ref name="NSSDC Master Catalog - Ulysses"/>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| 2008
| partial success
| north polar observations; some data returned despite failing power and reduced transmission capacity
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Solar Sentinels]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2015
| multi-probe orbiter
| planned
| six probes watching the sun
|
| <ref name="NASA SOLAR ORBITER">{{Cite web|url=http://lws.gsfc.nasa.gov/documents/sentinels/Solar_Sentinels.pdf|title=Solar Sentinels: Mission Study Report|accessdate=2008-07-10|publisher=NASA|year=2008|format=html|language=English}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Solar Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[ESA]]
| 2015
| orbiter
| planned
| close-range solar observations
|
| <ref name="ESA, SOLAR ORBITER">{{Cite web|url=http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=39588|title=Call for Submission of Letters of Intent to Propose Instruments for the Solar Orbiter Mission|accessdate=2008-07-10|publisher=European Space Agency|year=2006|format=html|language=English}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Solar Probe]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2015
| orbiter
| under study
| close-range coronal observations
|
| <ref name="Solar probe">{{Cite web|url=http://solarprobe.gsfc.nasa.gov/SolarProbePlus_pre.pdf|title=Solar Probe|accessdate=2008-07-01|publisher=ESA|year=2008|author=Science and Technology Definition Team|format=pdf}}</ref>
|}
==[[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Mercury}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" width="15%" | ''[[Mariner 10]]''
| rowspan="3" width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | [[March 29]], [[1974]]
| width="10%" rowspan="3" | flyby
| width="10%" rowspan="3" | success
| minimum distance 704 km
| width="50px" rowspan="3" | [[Image:Mariner10.gif|50px]]
| width="50px" rowspan="3" | <ref name="NSSDC-Mariner 10">{{Cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-085A|title=Mariner 10|accessdate=2008-07-16|publisher=National Space Science Data Centre|format=HTML|language=English}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| {{nowrap|[[September 21]], [[1974]]}}
| 48,069 km
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[March 16]], [[1975]]
| 327 km
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="4" | ''[[MESSENGER]]''
| rowspan="4" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 14]], [[2008]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 200 km
| rowspan="4" | [[Image:Messenger.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="4" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-030A]
|-
| [[October 6]], [[2008]]
| flyby
| rowspan="3" | yet to arrive
| rowspan="2" | planned minimum distance 200 km
|-
| [[September 30]], [[2009]]
| flyby
|-
| [[March 18]], [[2011]] –<br/>March, 2012
| orbiter
|
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[BepiColombo]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency|JAXA]]
| 2019
|
|
|
| rowspan="3" | [[Image:Bepicolumbo.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="4" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=BEPICLMBO]
|-
| rowspan="3" |
| ''[[BepiColombo#Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO)|Mercury<br>Planetary Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
|
| orbiter
| under construction
|
|-
| ''[[BepiColombo#Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO)|Mercury Magnetospheric<br>Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency|JAXA]]
|
| orbiter
| under construction
|
|-
| <s>''[[BepiColombo#Mercury Surface Element (MSE)|Mercury Surface Element]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
|
| lander
| cancelled
|
|
|}
==[[Venus]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Venus}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| colspan="2" width="15%" | ''[[Sputnik 7]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| width="16%" | [[February 4]], [[1961]]
| width="10%" | lander
| width="10%" | failure
| failed to escape from Earth orbit
| width="50px" |
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1961-002A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| [[May 19]], [[1961]] –<br>[[May 20]], [[1961]]
| flyby
| failure
| contact lost 7 days after launch; first spacecraft to fly by another planet
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1961-003A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 22]], [[1962]]
| flyby
| failure
| guidance failure shortly after launch
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARIN1]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sputnik 19]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| [[August 25]], [[1962]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-040A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sputnik 20]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| [[September 1]], [[1962]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-043A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sputnik 21]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| [[September 12]], [[1962]]
| flyby
| failure
| third stage exploded
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-045A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 14]], [[1962]]
| flyby
| success
| first successful Venus flyby; minimum distance 34,773 km
| [[Image:Mariner 2 in space.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-041A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 21]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| [[November 11]], [[1963]]
| flyby?
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1963-044A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 1964A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[February 19]], [[1964]]
| flyby
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 1964B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[March 1]], [[1964]]
| flyby
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 27]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} ([[Soviet Union|USSR]])
| [[March 27]], [[1964]]
| flyby
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-014A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| 1964
| flyby and possible lander
| failure
| contact lost en route
| [[Image:Zond 1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-016D]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 96]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[November 23]], [[1965]]
| lander
| failure
| exploded?
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-094A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 1965A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[November 26]], [[1965]]
| flyby
| failure
| launch vehicle failure?
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[February 27]], [[1966]]
| flyby
| failure
| ceased to operate en route
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-091A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[March 1]], [[1966]]
| lander
| failure
| contact lost before arrival; first spacecraft to impact on the surface of another planet
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-092A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 167]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[June 17]], [[1967]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-063A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[October 18]], [[1967]]
| atmospheric probe
| success
| continued to transmit to an altitude of 25 km
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-058A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 19]], [[1967]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 5,000 km
| [[Image:Mariner05.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-060A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[May 16]], [[1969]]
| atmospheric probe
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-001A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[May 17]], [[1969]]
| atmospheric probe
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-002A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 359]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[August 22]], [[1970]]
| lander?
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-065A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[December 15]], [[1970]]
| lander
| success
| first successful landing on another planet; signals returned from surface for 23 minutes
| [[Image:Venera 7 capsule.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-060A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 482]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[March 31]], [[1972]]
| lander?
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-023A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 8]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| [[July 22]], [[1972]]
| lander
| success
| signals returned from surface for 50 minutes
| [[Image:Venera 8.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-021A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 10]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[February 5]], [[1974]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 5768 km, en route to Mercury; first use of [[gravitational slingshot|gravity assist]] by an interplanetary spacecraft
| [[Image:Mariner10.gif|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC-Mariner 10"/>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Venera 9]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| 1975
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Venera 9 orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-050A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[October 22]], [[1975]]
| lander
| success
| first images from the surface
| [[Image:Venera 9 lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-050D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Venera 10]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|USSR}} (USSR)
| 1975
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Venera 10 orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-054A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[October 23]], [[1975]]
| lander
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-054D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer Venus project|Pioneer Venus Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|[[December 4]], [[1978]] –}}<br/>1992
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Pioneer Venus orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-051A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer Venus project|Pioneer Venus Multiprobe]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 9]], [[1978]]
|
|
|
| [[Image:Pioneer Venus 2 inspection.jpg|50px]]
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| rowspan="5" |
| bus
|
|
| probe transporter
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-078A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| large probe
|
|
| atmospheric probe
| success
|
| [[Image:Largevenusprobe.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-078D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| north probe
|
|
| atmospheric probe
| success
|
| rowspan="3" | [[Image:Smallvenusprobe.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-078E]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| day probe
|
|
| atmospheric probe
| success
| survived impact and continued to transmit from surface for over an hour
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-078G]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| night probe
|
|
| atmospheric probe
| success
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-078F]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 12]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| rowspan="2" |
| flight platform
| rowspan="2" |
| [[December 21]], [[1978]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 34,000 km
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-086A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| descent craft
| [[December 21]], [[1978]]
| lander
| partial success
| failure of some instruments
| [[Image:Venera 11 lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-086C]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 11]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| rowspan="2" |
| flight platform
| rowspan="2" |
| {{nowrap|[[December 25]], [[1978]]}}
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 34,000 km
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-084A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| descent craft
| [[December 25]], [[1978]]
| lander
| partial success
| failure of some instruments
| [[Image:Venera 11 lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-084D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 13]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| rowspan="2" |
| bus
|
| [[March 1]], [[1982]]
| flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Venera 13 orbiter.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1981-106A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| descent craft
|
| [[March 1]], [[1982]]
| lander
| success
| survived on surface for 127 minutes
| [[Image:Venera 13 lander.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1981-106D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 14]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| rowspan="2" |
| bus
|
| [[March 5]], [[1982]]
| flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Venera 13 orbiter.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1981-110A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| descent craft
|
| [[March 5]], [[1982]]
| lander
| success
| survived on surface for 57 minutes
| [[Image:Venera 13 lander.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1981-110D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 15]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
| 1983–1984
| orbiter
| success
| radar mapping
| [[Image:Venera 15.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1983-053A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera 16]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
| 1983–1984
| orbiter
| success
| radar mapping
| [[Image:Venera 15.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1983-054A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | ''[[Vega 1]]''
| rowspan="3" | {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
| rowspan="3" | [[June 11]], [[1985]]
| flyby
| success
| went on to fly by Halley's comet
| [[Image:Vega 1-2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-125A]
|-
| lander
| failure
| instruments deployed prematurely
| [[Image:Vega lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-125E]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| atmospheric balloon
| success
|
| [[Image:Vega balloon gondola.jpg|30px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-125F]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | ''[[Vega 2]]''
| rowspan="3" | {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
| rowspan="3" | [[June 15]], [[1985]]
| flyby
| success
| went on to fly by Halley's comet
| [[Image:Vega 1-2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-128A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Vega lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-128E]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| atmospheric balloon
| success
|
| [[Image:Vega balloon gondola.jpg|30px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-128F]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[February 10]], [[1990]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 16,000 km
| [[Image:Galileo preparations.jpg|50px]]
| [http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/mission/journey-cruise.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Magellan probe|Magellan]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 10]], [[1990]] –<br/>[[October 12]], [[1994]]
| orbiter
| success
| global radar mapping
| [[Image:Magellan at Kennedy Space Center.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/magellan.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Cassini–Huygens|Cassini]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br> {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]]
| [[April 26]], [[1998]]
| rowspan="2" | flyby
| rowspan="2" | success
| rowspan="2" | gravity assist en route to Saturn
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Cassini assembly.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/tmp/1997-061A-traj.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[June 24]], [[1999]]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venus Express]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[April 11]], [[2006]] – still in operation (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
| atmospheric studies
| [[Image:Venus Express in orbit.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-045A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[MESSENGER]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 24]], [[2006]]
| rowspan="2" | flyby
| success
| gravity assist only; minimum distance 2990 km
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Messenger.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-030A]
|-
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[June 6]], [[2007]]
| success
| minimum distance 300 km; en route to Mercury
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[PLANET-C]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency|JAXA]]
| 2010
| orbiter
| planned
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PLANET-C]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venera-D]]''
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russian Federal Space Agency|RFSA]]
| 2013
| orbiter
| planned
|
|
| [http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/ESA_Permanent_Mission_in_Russia/SEM0LFW4QWD_0.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venus In-Situ Explorer]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2013
| in-situ explorer
| planned
|
| [[Image:Venus In-Situ Explorer.png|50px]]
| [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=VISE]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Venus Surface Explorer]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2020
| in-situ explorer
| planned
|
|
| [http://sse.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=VenusSE]
|}
==[[Earth]] flybys==
{{See also|Timeline of Earth science satellites}}
These are probes that incidentally performed Earth flybys during missions to other bodies, often as part of gravity-assist orbital manoeuvres. Earth-orbiting craft are not listed.
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" width="15%" | ''[[Giotto mission|Giotto]]''<br>(first pass)
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| width="16%" | [[July 2]], [[1990]]
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | success
| first Earth flyby, en route to Comet Grigg-Skjellerup
| width="50px" | [[Image:Giotto illustration (large).jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-056A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]''<br>(first pass)
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 8]], [[1990]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 960 km
| [[Image:Galileo preparations.jpg|50px]]
| [http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/mission/journey-cruise.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sakigake]]''<br>(first pass)
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[January 8]], [[1992]]
| flyby
|
| previously visited Halley's comet
| [[Image:Sakigake.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-001A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Suisei probe|Suisei]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[August 20]], [[1992]]
| flyby
| failure
| previously visited Halley's comet; hydrazine depleted, further planned comet flybys abandoned
| [[Image:Suisei.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-073A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]''<br>(second pass)
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 8]], [[1992]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 305 km
| [[Image:Galileo preparations.jpg|50px]]
| [http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/mission/journey-cruise.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Sakigake]]''<br>(second and third passes)
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[June 14]], [[1993]]
| flyby
| rowspan="2" |
|
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Sakigake.gif|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-001A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[October 28]], [[1994]]
| flyby
| out of fuel; contact lost November 1995
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[NEAR Shoemaker]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 23]], [[1998]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Eros; closest approach 540 km
| [[Image:NEARCraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-008A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Nozomi]]''<br>(first pass)
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[December 20]], [[1998]]
| flyby
| partial success
| gravity assist on planned mission to Mars; valve malfunction during flyby required extra burn, which later forced alternate trajectory plan
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-041A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Giotto mission|Giotto]]''<br>(second pass)
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[July 1]], [[1999]]
| flyby
| n/a
| already defunct
| [[Image:Giotto illustration (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-056A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cassini–Huygens|Cassini]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br> {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]]
| August, 1999
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Saturn
| [[Image:Cassini assembly.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-061A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]''<br>(first pass)
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 15]], [[2001]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to comet [[81P/Wild]]
| [[Image:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-003A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Nozomi]]''<br>(second pass)
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| December, 2002
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Mars
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-041A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Nozomi]]''<br>(third pass)
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[June 19]], [[2003]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Mars
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-041A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Hayabusa]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[May 19]], [[2004]]
| flyby
| success
| en route to [[25143 Itokawa|Itokawa]]
| [[Image:Hayabusa(Muses-C) sampling.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-019A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''<br>(first pass)
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[March 4]], [[2005]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[MESSENGER]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 2]], [[2005]]
| flyby
| success
| en route to Venus and Mercury
| [[Image:Messenger.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-030A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]''<br>(second pass)
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 15]], [[2006]]
| flyby
| success
| drop-off of sample return capsule
| [[Image:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-003A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''<br>(second pass)
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[November 13]], [[2007]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters
|
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Deep Impact (space mission)|Deep Impact]]'' (''redesignated [[EPOXI]]'')
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 31]], [[2007]]
| flyby
| success
| previously visited Comet [[9P/Tempel]]; gravity assist en route to encounter with Comet [[103P/Hartley]]
| [[Image:Deep Impact.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-001A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]''<br>(third pass)
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 14]], [[2009]]
| flyby
| yet to arrive
| mission extension to Comet [[9P/Tempel]]
| [[Image:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-003A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''<br>(third pass)
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[November 13]], [[2009]]
| flyby
| yet to arrive
| gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters
|
|
|}
==[[Moon|Lunar]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of the Moon}}
The list does not include the manned [[Project Apollo|Apollo]] missions.
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| colspan="2" width="15%" | ''[[Pioneer 0]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[United States Department of Defense|DOD]]
| width="16%" | [[August 17]], [[1958]]
| width="10%" | orbiter
| width="10%" | failure
| first attempted launch beyond Earth orbit; launch vehicle failure; maximum altitude 16 km
| width="50px" | [[Image:Pioneer able.png|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=ABLE1]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1958A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[USSR]]
| [[September 23]], [[1958]]
| impactor
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Luna 1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[United States Department of Defense|DOD]]
| [[October 11]], [[1958]]
| orbiter
| failure
| second stage premature shutdown; maximum altitude 113,800 km; some data returned
| [[Image:Thor-Able I with the Pioneer I spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1958-007A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1958B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[USSR]]
| [[October 12]], [[1958]]
| impactor
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Luna 1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[Space Technology Laboratories|STL]]
| [[November 8]], [[1958]]
| orbiter
| failure
| third stage failure; maximum altitude 1,550 km; some data returned
| [[Image:Pioneer able.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PION2]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1958C]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[USSR]]
| [[December 4]], [[1958]]
| impactor
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Luna 1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[United States Department of Defense|DOD]]
| [[December 6]], [[1958]]
| flyby
| failure
| fuel depletion; maximum altitude 102,360 km; some data returned
| [[Image:Pioneer-3-4.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1958-008A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[USSR]]
| [[January 4]], [[1959]]
| flyby
| partial success
| first spacecraft in the vicinity of the Moon (flew within 5,995 km, but probably an intended impactor)
| [[Image:Luna 1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1959-012A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1959A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[USSR]]
| [[June 18]], [[1959]]
| impactor
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna 2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[United States Department of Defense|DOD]]
| [[March 4]], [[1959]]
| flyby
| partial success
| achieved distant flyby; first [[United States|US]] probe to enter solar orbit
| [[Image:Pioneer-3-4.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1959-013A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[USSR]]
| [[September 14]], [[1959]]
| impactor
| success
| first impact on Moon
| [[Image:Luna 2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1959-014A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer P-1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[September 24]], [[1959]]?
| orbiter?
| failure
| designation sometimes given to a failed launch or launchpad explosion during testing; conflicting information between sources
| [[Image:Pioneer 5.jpg|50px]]
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 6]], [[1959]]
| flyby
| success
| first images from the lunar farside
| [[Image:Luna 3 flyby probe.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1959-008A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer P-3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[November 26]], [[1959]]
| orbiter
| failure
| disintegrated shortly after launch
| [[Image:Pioneer 5.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PIONX]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1960A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 15]], [[1960]]
| flyby
| failure
| failed to attain correct trajectory
| [[Image:Luna 3 flyby probe.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1960B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 16]], [[1960]]
| flyby
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Luna 3 flyby probe.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer P-30]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[September 25]], [[1960]]
| orbiter
| failure
| second stage failure; failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:Pioneer 5.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PIONY]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer P-31]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 15]], [[1960]]
| orbiter
| failure
| first stage failure
| [[Image:Pioneer 5.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PIONZ]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 28]], [[1962]]
| impactor
| failure
| missed target
| [[Image:1964 71392L.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-001A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[April 26]], [[1962]]
| impactor
| failure
| hit the lunar farside; no data returned
| [[Image:1964 71394L.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-012A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 21]], [[1962]]
| impactor
| failure
| power failure, missed target
| [[Image:1964 71395L-Ranger.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-055A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sputnik 25]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[January 5]], [[1963]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1963-001A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1963B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 2]], [[1963]]
| lander?
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 5]], [[1963]]
| lander?
| failure
| missed target, became Earth satellite
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1963-008B]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[2 February]], [[1964]]
| impactor
| partial success
| impacted, but no pictures returned due to power failure
| [[Image:GPN-2000-001979.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-007A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1964A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 21]], [[1964]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1964B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 20]], [[1964]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 1964A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[June 4]], [[1964]]
| flyby
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:Zond 3.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 31]], [[1964]]
| impactor
| success
| returned pictures up until impact
| [[Image:GPN-2000-001979.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-041A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 8]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[February 20]], [[1965]]
| impactor
| success
| returned pictures up until impact
| [[Image:GPN-2000-001979.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-010A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 60]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 12]], [[1965]]
| lander
| failure
| failed to leave Earth orbit
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-018A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ranger 9]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[March 24]], [[1965]]
| impactor
| success
| TV broadcast of live pictures up until impact
| [[Image:GPN-2000-001979.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-023A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1965A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 10]], [[1965]]
| lander?
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit?
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[May 12]], [[1965]]
| lander
| failure
| crashed into Moon
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-036A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[June 8]], [[1965]]
| lander
| failure
| missed Moon
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-044A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[July 20]], [[1965]]
| flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Zond 3.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-056A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 7]], [[1965]]
| lander
| failure
| crashed into Moon
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-077A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 8]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[December 6]], [[1965]]
| lander
| failure
| crashed into Moon
| [[Image:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-099A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 9]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 3]], [[1966]] –<br/>[[February 6]], [[1966]]
| lander
| success
| first soft landing; first images from the surface
| [[Image:Luna 9 landing capsule.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-006A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 111]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 1]], [[1966]]
| orbiter
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna orbiter bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-017A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 10]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 3]], [[1966]] –<br/>[[May 30]], [[1966]]
| orbiter
| success
| first artificial satellite of the moon
| [[Image:Luna orbiter bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-027A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1966A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 30]], [[1966]]
| orbiter?
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna orbiter bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[June 2]], [[1966]]
| lander
| success
| first US soft landing; Surveyor program performed various tests in support of forthcoming manned landings
| [[Image:Surveyor NASA lunar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-045A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Explorer 33]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 1]], [[1966]] –<br>[[September 15]], [[1971]]
| orbiter
| partial success
| studied interplanetary plasma, cosmic rays, magnetic fields and solar X rays; failed to attain lunar orbit as intended, but achieved mission objectives from Earth orbit
| [[Image:IMP-D.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-058A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Orbiter 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 14]], [[1966]] –<br>[[October 29]], [[1966]]
| orbiter
| success
| photographic mapping of lunar surface; intentionally impacted after completion of mission
| [[Image:Lunar orbiter 1 (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-073A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 11]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[August 28]], [[1966]] –<br>[[October 1]], [[1966]]
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-078A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[September 23]], [[1966]]
| lander
| failure
| crashed
| [[Image:Surveyor NASA lunar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-084A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 12]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 25]], [[1966]] –<br>[[January 19]], [[1967]]
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-094A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Orbiter 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|[[November 10]], [[1966]] –}}<br>[[October 11]], [[1967]]
| orbiter
| success
| photographic mapping of lunar surface; intentionally impacted after completion of mission
| [[Image:Lunar orbiter 1 (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-100A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 13]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[December 24]], [[1966]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Luna 13.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-116A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Orbiter 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[February 8]], [[1967]] –<br>[[October 9]], [[1967]]
| orbiter
| success
| photographic mapping of lunar surface; intentionally impacted after completion of mission
| [[Image:Lunar orbiter 1 (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-008A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[April 20]], [[1967]] –<br>[[May 4]], [[1967]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Surveyor 3 on the Moon.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-035A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Orbiter 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| May–October 1967
| orbiter
| success
| lunar photographic survey
| [[Image:Lunar orbiter 1 (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-041A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Explorer 35]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| July 1967 –<br>[[June 24]], [[1973]]
| orbiter
| success
| studies of interplanetary plasma, magnetic fields, energetic particles and solar X rays
| [[Image:IMP-E.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-070A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 17]], [[1967]]
| lander
| failure
| crashed into Moon
| [[Image:Surveyor NASA lunar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-068A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Orbiter 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 5]], [[1967]] –<br>[[January 31]], [[1968]]
| orbiter
| success
| lunar photographic survey; intentionally impacted after completion of mission
| [[Image:Lunar orbiter 1 (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-075A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|[[September 11]], [[1967]] –}}<br>[[December 17]], [[1967]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Surveyor NASA lunar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-084A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 1967A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[September 28]], [[1967]]
|
| failure
| lunar capsule test flight; launch failure
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[November 10]], [[1967]] –<br>[[December 14]], [[1967]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Surveyor NASA lunar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-112A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 1967B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[November 22]], [[1967]]
|
| failure
| lunar capsule test flight; launch failure
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Surveyor 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 10]], [[1968]] –<br>[[February 21]], [[1968]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Surveyor NASA lunar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-001A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1968A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 7]], [[1968]]
| orbiter?
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 2]], [[1968]] (launch)
|
|
| lunar programme flight test, directed away from Moon, either intentionally or unintentionally
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-013A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 14]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 10]], [[1968]] – ?
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-027A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 1968A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 23]], [[1968]]
| flyby?
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[September 18]], [[1968]]
| flyby
| success
| bioscience experiments
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-076A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[November 14]], [[1968]]
| flyby
| success
| cosmic-ray, micrometeoroid and bioscience studies
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-101A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 1969A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[January 20]], [[1969]]
| flyby
| failure
| launch aborted
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1969A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 19]], [[1969]]
| rover
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Lunakod landing bus.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond L1S-1]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 21]], [[1969]]
| orbiter
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1969B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 15]], [[1969]]
| sample return?
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1969C]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[June 14]], [[1969]]
| sample return
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond L1S-2]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[July 3]], [[1969]]
| orbiter
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 15]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[July 21]], [[1969]]
| {{nowrap|sample return?}}
| failure?
| completed 52 lunar orbits then crash-landed
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-058A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[August 11]], [[1969]]
| flyby
| success
| returned to soft landing on Earth
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-067A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 300]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[September 23]], [[1969]]
| sample return
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-080A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 305]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 22]], [[1969]]
| sample return
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-092A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1970A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 6]], [[1970]]
| sample return?
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1970B]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 19]], [[1970]]
| orbiter?
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Luna-22.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 16]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[September 20]], [[1970]]
| sample return
| success
| first robotic sample return
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-072A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 8]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 24]], [[1970]]
| flyby
| success
| returned to soft landing on Earth
| [[Image:Zond L1 drawing.png|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-088A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 17]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| rowspan="2" | [[November 17]], [[1970]] –<br>[[October 4]], [[1971]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Lunakod landing bus.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-095A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''[[Lunokhod 1]]''
| rover
| success
| first robotic rover; travelled over 10 km
| [[Image:Lunokhod 1.jpg|50px]]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 18]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[September 11]], [[1971]]
| lander/sample return?
| failure
| crashed into Moon
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-073A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 19]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 3]], [[1971]] –<br>October 1972
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Luna-22.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-082A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 20]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 21]], [[1972]]
| sample return
| success
| second successful robotic sample return
| [[Image:Luna-16.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-007A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Soyuz L3]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[November 23]], [[1972]]
| orbiter
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Soyuz TMA-7 spacecraft2edit1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 21]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| rowspan="2" | [[January 15]], [[1973]] –<br>May 1973?
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Lunakod landing bus.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-001A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''[[Lunokhod 2]]''
| rover
| success
| second robotic rover; travelled 37 km
| [[Image:Lunokhod2.jpg|50px]]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Explorer 49]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[June 15]], [[1973]] –<br>June 1975
| orbiter
| success
| radio astronomy observations; last US lunar mission until 1994
| [[Image:IMP-E.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-039A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 10]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| November 1973
| flyby
| success
| en route to Venus and Mercury
| [[Image:Mariner10.gif|50px]]
| <ref name="NSSDC-Mariner 10"/>
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 22]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[June 2]], [[1974]] –<br>November 1974
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Luna-22.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1974-037A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 23]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[November 6]], [[1974]]
| sample return
| failure
| damaged on landing, sample return failed
| [[Image:Luna24.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1974-084A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 1975A]]''<sup>†</sup>
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 16]], [[1975]]
| sample return
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| [[Image:Luna24.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/tent_launch.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Luna 24]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[August 18]], [[1976]]
| sample return
| success
| third and final successful sample return in Luna programme
| [[Image:Luna24.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1976-081A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[International Cometary Explorer|ICE]] (formerly ISEE3)''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 22]], [[1983]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to comet flybys
| [[Image:ISEE3-ICE.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-079A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Hiten]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| February–April 1993
| orbiter
| success
| in Moon-crossing Earth orbit from January 1990, later transferred to lunar orbit after failure of Hagoromo; intentionally impacted on Moon at end of mission; first Japanese probe to enter lunar orbit
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Hiten.gif|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-007A]
|-
|
| ''[[Hiten|Hagoromo]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| March 1990
| orbiter
| failure
| released by Hiten into lunar orbit, but transmitter failed and orbit never confirmed
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Clementine mission|Clementine]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ballistic Missile Defense Organization|BMDO]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[NASA]]
| February–June 1994
| orbiter
| partial success
| lunar and Earth observations and component testing; planned [[1620 Geographos|Geographos]] flyby failed
| [[Image:Clementine Deployed.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1994-004A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[AsiaSat 3]]''
| AsiaSat
| May/June 1998
|
|
| errant communications satellite, flew within 6,200 kilometers of Moon during orbit correction manoeuvres
| [[Image:ERS 2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-086A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Prospector]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| January 1998 –<br>July 1999
| orbiter
| success
| lunar surface mapping; intentionally impacted into polar crater at end of mission to test for liberation of water vapour (not detected)
| [[Image:Lunar Prospector orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-001A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Nozomi]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[September 24]], [[1998]]
| flyby
| success
| rowspan="2" | gravity assists on planned mission to Mars
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Nozomi.gif|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-041A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[December 18]], [[1998]]
| flyby
| success
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[SMART-1]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[November 13]], [[2004]] –<br> [[September 3]], [[2006]]
| orbiter
| success
| technology testbed and lunar geological studies; intentionally impacted at end of mission; first European probe to orbit the moon
| [[Image:1Ariane5LaunchArianespace.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-043C]
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[LUNAR-A]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JAXA]]
|
| orbiter, penetrators
| cancelled
| originally scheduled for 2004, finally cancelled 2007
| [[Image:LUNAR A.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=LUNAR-A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[SELENE]]<br>(Kaguya)''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JAXA]]
| [[October 3]], [[2007]] – planned one year mission
| orbiter
| in orbit
| mineralogical, geographical, magnetic and gravitational observations
| rowspan="3" | [[Image:H-IIA F13 launching KAGUYA.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="3" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2007-039A]
|-
|
| ''Okina''<br />(Relay Star)
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JAXA]]
| [[October 9]], [[2007]]
| ''Kaguya'' subsatellite
| in orbit
| Relay for ''Kaguya'''s Far Side operations
|
|-
|
| ''Ouna''<br />(VRAD)
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JAXA]]
| [[October 12]], [[2007]]
| ''Kaguya'' subsatellite
| in orbit
| [[Very Long Baseline Interferometry]]
|
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Chang'e 1]]''
| {{flagicon|CHN}} [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]]
| [[November 5]] [[2007]]
| orbiter
| in orbit
| 3D lunar mapping and geological observations; first Chinese probe to orbit a body besides Earth
| [[Image:Chang e 1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=CHANG-E-1]
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Chandrayaan|Chandrayaan I]]''
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|IND}} [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]
| rowspan="2" | 2008
| orbiter
| rowspan="2" | planned
| rowspan="2" | high resolution mapping and spectral analysis of Moon's surface composition
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Chandrayaan1 as updated.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=CHANDRYN1]
|-
| impactor
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2008
| orbiter
| planned
| survey of lunar resources and identification of possible landing sites
| [[Image:LRO 2006.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=LUNARRO]
|-
|
| ''[[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter|LCROSS]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2008
| impactor
| planned
| will analyse upper-stage impact plume for traces of water liberated from the Moon's surface
| [[Image:LCROSS separated.jpg|50px]]
| [http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/]
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''[[Chang'e 2]]''
|rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]]
|rowspan="2" | 2009
| orbiter
|rowspan="2" | planned
|rowspan="2" | Sketch three-dimensional lunar map, measure and analyze content of the surface
|rowspan="2" | [[Image:Chang e 1.jpg|50px]]
|rowspan="2" | [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-07/26/content_4878282.htm]
|-
| lander
|}
==[[Mars]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Mars}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| colspan="2" width="15%" | ''[[Mars 1960A]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| width="16%" | [[October 10]], [[1960]]
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
| width="50px" |
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARSNK1]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 1960B]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 14]], [[1960]]
| flyby
| failure
| failed to reach Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARSNK2]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 1962A]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[October 24]], [[1962]]
| flyby
| failure
| exploded in or en route to Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-057A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 1962B]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[November 11]], [[1962]] (launch)
| lander
| failure
| broke up during transfer to Mars trajectory
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-062A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[June 19]], [[1963]]
| flyby
| failure
| contact lost en route; flew within approximately 193,000 km of Mars
| [[Image:Mars-1.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-061A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[November 5]], [[1964]]
| flyby
| failure
| protective shield failed to eject, preventing craft from attaining correct trajectory
| [[Image:Mariner 3 and 4.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-073A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Zond 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[August 6]], [[1965]]
| flyby
| failure
| contact lost en route; flew within 1,500 km of Mars
| [[Image:Zond 3.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-078C]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 15]], [[1965]]
| flyby
| success
| first close-up images of Mars
| [[Image:Mariner 3 and 4.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-077A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 6 and 7|Mariner 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 31]], [[1969]]
| flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Mariner 67.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-014A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 6 and 7|Mariner 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 5]], [[1969]]
| flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Mariner 67.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-030A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 1969A]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 27]], [[1969]]
| orbiter
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Mars 1969.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARS69A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 1969B]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[April 2]], [[1969]]
| orbiter
| failure
| launch failure
| [[Image:Mars 1969.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARS69B]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 8]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[May 9]], [[1971]]
| orbiter
| failure
| launch vehicle failure
| [[Image:Mariner09.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARINH]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mariner 9]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[November 14]], [[1971]]
| orbiter
| success
| first spacecraft to orbit another planet
| [[Image:Mariner09.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-051A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| November 1971 –<br>August 1972
| orbiter
| success
| first Russian spacecraft to orbit another planet
| [[Image:Mars 3.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-045A]
|-
|
| ''[[Mars 2|Mars 2 Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[November 27]], [[1971]]
| lander and short range rover
| failure
| crashed; first manmade object to reach surface of Mars
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-045D]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 3]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| December 1971 –<br>August 1972
| orbiter
| partial success
| attained a different orbit than intended due to insufficient fuel
| [[Image:Mars 3.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-049A]
|-
|
| ''[[Mars 3|Mars 3 Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[December 2]], [[1971]]
| lander and short range rover
| failure
| contact lost immediately after soft landing
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-049F]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cosmos 419]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[May 10]], [[1971]]
| orbiter
| failure
| failed to escape Earth orbit
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-042A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 4]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[February 10]], [[1974]]
| orbiter
| failure
| orbit insertion failed, became flyby
| [[Image:Mars 4.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-047A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 5]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| February 1974
| orbiter
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-049A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 6]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 12]], [[1974]]
| flyby
| success
|
|
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-052A]
|-
|
| ''[[Mars 6|Mars 6 Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 12]], [[1974]]
| lander
| failure
| crash-landed, contact lost
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars 7]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 9]], [[1974]]
| flyby
| success
|
|
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-053A]
|-
|
| ''[[Mars 7|Mars 7 Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 9]], [[1974]]
| lander
| failure
| missed Mars
|
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Viking 1|Viking 1 Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| June 1976 –<br>August 1980
| orbiter
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-075A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''[[Viking 1|Viking 1 Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 20]], [[1976]] –<br>[[November 13]], [[1982]]
| lander
| success
| first images from surface
| [[Image:Viking lander model.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-075C]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Viking 2|Viking 2 Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| August 1976 –<br>July 1978
| orbiter
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-083A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''[[Viking 2|Viking 2 Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|[[September 3]], [[1976]] –}}<br>[[April 11]], [[1980]]
| lander
| success
|
| [[Image:Viking lander model.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1975-083C]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Phobos 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[July 7]], [[1988]] (launch)
| orbiter
| failure
| contact lost en route to Mars
| [[Image:Phobos Marte.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1988-058A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Phobos 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[January 29]], [[1989]] –<br>[[March 27]], [[1989]]
| orbiter
| partial success
| Mars orbit acquired, but contact lost shortly before Phobos approach phase and deployment of Phobos landers
| [[Image:Phobos Marte.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1988-059A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Observer]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[September 25]], [[1992]] (launch)
| orbiter
| failure
| contact lost shortly before Mars orbit insertion
| [[Image:Marsobs 1.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1992-063A]
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" | ''[[Mars 96]]''
| rowspan="5" | {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russian Federal Space Agency|RKA]]
| rowspan="5" | [[November 16]], [[1996]] (launch)
| orbiter
| rowspan="5" | failure
| rowspan="5" | failed to escape Earth orbit
| [[Image:Mars 96 Orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-064A]
|-
| lander
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Mars96 surface station.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARS96B]
|-
| lander
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARS96C]
|-
| penetrator
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Mars96 penetrator.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARS96D]
|-
| penetrator
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARS96E]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Pathfinder]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 4]], [[1997]] –<br>[[September 27]], [[1997]]
| lander
| success
|
|
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-068A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''Sojourner''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 6]], [[1997]] –<br>[[September 27]], [[1997]]
| rover
| success
| first rover on the surface of Mars
| [[Image:Sojourner on Mars PIA01122.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MESURPR]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Global Surveyor]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|[[September 12]], [[1997]] –}}<br>[[November 2]], [[2006]]
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Mars global surveyor.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-062A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Climate Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[September 23]], [[1999]]
| orbiter
| failure
| Mars orbit insertion failed due to navigation error
| [[Image:Mars Climate Orbiter during tests.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-073A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Polar Lander]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 3]], [[1999]]
| lander
| rowspan="3" | failure
| rowspan="3" | contact lost just prior to entering Martian atmosphere
| [[Image:Mars polar lander.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-001A]
|-
|
| ''[[Deep Space 2]]'' "Amundsen"
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 3]], [[1999]]
| penetrator
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:DS-2 Components.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=DEEPSP2]
|-
|
| ''Deep Space 2'' "Scott"
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 3]], [[1999]]
| penetrator
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Odyssey|2001 Mars Odyssey]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 24]], [[2001]] –<br>still active (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Mars-odyssey-sm.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2001-014A]
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[Mars Surveyor 2001 Lander]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2001
| lander
| cancelled
|
| [[Image:Slander med.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MS2001L]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Nozomi]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[December 14]], [[2003]]
| orbiter
| failure
| failed to attain Mars orbit, became flyby
| [[Image:Nozomi.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-041A]
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[NetLander]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[CNES]]/<br> {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
|
| lander
| cancelled
|
|
| [http://smsc.cnes.fr/NETLANDER/]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Express]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[December 25]], [[2003]] – still active (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
| first European probe in Martian orbit
| <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Mars Express X orbit 2a-new22.jpg|50px]] -->
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-022A]
|-
|
| ''[[Beagle 2]]''
| {{flagicon|GBR}} UK
| [[December 25]], [[2003]]
| lander
| failure
| no contact after landing
| <!-- Image with inadequate rationale removed: [[Image:Beagle2ontheground.jpg|50px]] -->
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-022C]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''MER-A'' "''[[Spirit rover|Spirit]]''"
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 4]], [[2004]] –<br>still active (as of May 2008)
| rover
| success
|
| [[Image:NASA Mars Rover.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-027A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''MER-B'' "''[[Opportunity rover|Opportunity]]''"
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 25]], [[2004]] –<br>still active (as of May 2008)
| rover
| success
|
| [[Image:NASA Mars Rover.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-032A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[March 10]], [[2006]] –<br>still active (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
|
| [[Image:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-029A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[February 25]], [[2007]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[May 25]], [[2008]]
| lander
| landed successfully
| will collect soil samples near the northern pole to investigate the history of water on Mars and the possibility of life there
| [[Image:Phoenix Lander small.jpg|50px]]
| [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/main/index.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Dawn Mission|Dawn]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| March 2009
| flyby
| en route
| gravity assist en route to Vesta and Ceres
| [[Image:Dawn Flight Configuration 2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=DAWN]
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[Mars Telecommunications Orbiter]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2010
| orbiter
| cancelled
|
| [[Image:PIA07500.jpg|50px]]
| [http://aerospacescholars.jsc.nasa.gov/HAS/cirr/em/8/12.cfm]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Science Laboratory]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2010
| rover
| under construction
|
| [[Image:MSL concept February 2007 - PIA09201.jpg|50px]]
| [http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[ExoMars]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2013
| rover
| planned
|
| [[Image:Exomars.jpg|50px]]
| | [http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Aurora/SEM1NVZKQAD_0.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Astrobiology Field Laboratory]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2016
| rover
| under study
|
| [[Image:Astrobiology-Field-Lab.jpg|50px]]
| | [http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/future/futureMissions.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Mars Sample Return Mission]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br> {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2024?
| orbiter, lander, rover, and sample return
| under study
|
| [[Image:Mav launch-550.jpg|50px]]
| | [http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/future/futureMissions.html]
|}
===[[Phobos (moon)|Phobos]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| colspan="2" width="15%" | ''[[Phobos 1]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| width="16%" | [[July 7]], [[1988]] (launch)
| width="10%" | lander
| width="10%" | failure
| contact lost en route to Mars
| width="50px" | [[Image:Phobos Marte.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1988-058A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Phobos 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| [[March 27]], [[1989]] (contact lost)
| lander
| failure
| attained Mars orbit; contact lost prior to deployment of lander
| [[Image:Phobos Marte.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1988-059A]
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''Aladdin''</s>
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
|
| sample return
| not selected
|
|
| [http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news38.html]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Phobos-Grunt]]''
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russian Federal Space Agency|RKA]]
| 2009
| sample return
| planned
|
|
|<ref name="Phobos-Grunt ">{{Cite web|url=http://lws.gsfc.nasa.gov/documents/sentinels/Solar_Sentinels.pdf|title=Phobos-Grunt|accessdate=2008-07-10|publisher=ESA|year=2004|format=html|language=English}}</ref>
|}
==[[Jupiter]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Jupiter}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 10]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | [[December 3]], [[1973]]
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | success
| first probe to cross the asteroid belt. first man-made object on an interstellar trajectory
| width="50px" | [[Image:Pioneer 10 at Jupiter.gif|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-012A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 11]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[December 4]], [[1974]]
| flyby
| success
| went on to visit Saturn
| [[Image:Pioneer 11 at Saturn.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-019A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Voyager 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[March 5]], [[1979]]
| flyby
| success
| went on to visit Saturn
| [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-084A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Voyager 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 9]], [[1979]]
| flyby
| success
| went on to visit Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
| [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-076A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ulysses probe|Ulysses]]''<br>(first pass)
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| February 1992
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit for solar polar observations
| [[Image:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-090B]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[German Aerospace Center|DLR]]
| [[December 7]], [[1995]] –<br/>[[September 21]], [[2003]]
| orbiter
| success
| also flew by various of Jupiter's moons; intentionally flown into Jupiter at end of mission; first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter; first spacecraft to flyby an asteroid
| [[Image:Galileo preparations.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-084B]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)#Galileo's atmospheric entry probe|Galileo Probe]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[German Aerospace Center|DLR]]
| [[December 7]], [[1995]]
| atmospheric probe
| success
| first probe to enter Jupiter's atmosphere
| [[Image:Galileo Probe.jpeg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-084E]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cassini–Huygens|Cassini]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>{{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]]
| December 2000
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Saturn
| [[Image:Cassini assembly.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-061A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Ulysses probe|Ulysses]]''<br>(second pass)
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2003–04
| distant flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-090B]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[New Horizons]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[February 28]], [[2007]]
| flyby
| success
| gravity assist en route to Pluto
| [[Image:New horizons Pluto.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-001A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Juno (spacecraft)|Juno]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2016
| orbiter
| in development
|
| [[Image:Juno space probe.jpg|50px]]
|[http://sse.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=Juno]
|}
===[[Europa (moon)|Europa]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| width="15%" colspan="2" | <s>''[[Europa Orbiter]]''</s>
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" |
| width="10%" | orbiter
| width="10%" | cancelled
|
| width="50px" | [[Image:JEO at Europa.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://sse.jpl.nasa.gov/scitech/display.cfm?ST_ID=286]
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
|
| orbiter
| cancelled
|
| [[Image:Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/prop_missions.html]
|}
===[[Ganymede (moon)|Ganymede]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| width="15%" colspan="2" | <s>''Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter''</s>
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" |
| width="10%" | orbiter
| width="10%" | cancelled
|
| width="50px" | [[Image:Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/prop_missions.html]
|}
===[[Callisto (moon)|Callisto]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| width="15%" colspan="2" | <s>''Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter''</s>
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" |
| width="10%" | orbiter
| width="10%" | cancelled
|
| width="50px" | [[Image:Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/prop_missions.html]
|}
==[[Saturn]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Saturn}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[Pioneer 11]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | [[September 1]], [[1979]]
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | success
| previously visited Jupiter
| width="50px" | [[Image:Pioneer 11 at Saturn.gif|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-019A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Voyager 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[November 12]], [[1980]]
| flyby
| success
| previously visited Jupiter
| [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-084A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Voyager 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 5]], [[1981]]
| flyby
| success
| previously visited Jupiter, went on to visit Uranus and Neptune
| [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-076A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cassini–Huygens|Cassini]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>{{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]]
| [[July 1]], [[2004]] –<br>still active (as of May 2008)
| orbiter
| success
| also performed flybys of a number of Saturn's moons, and deployed the ''Huygens'' Titan lander; first spacecraft to orbit Saturn
| [[Image:Cassini assembly.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-061A]
|}
===[[Titan (moon)|Titan]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[Cassini–Huygens#The Huygens probe|Huygens]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| width="16%" | [[January 14]], [[2005]]
| width="10%" | atmospheric probe, lander
| width="10%" | success
| deployed by ''Cassini''; first probe to land on a satellite of another planet
| width="50px" | <!-- Commented out because image was deleted: [[Image:Huygensprobe.jpg|50px]] -->
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-061C]
|}
==[[Uranus]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Uranus}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[Voyager 2]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | [[January 24]], [[1986]]
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | success
| previously visited Jupiter and Saturn; went on to visit Neptune
| width="50px" | [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-076A]
|}
==[[Neptune]] probes==
{{Main|Exploration of Neptune}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[Voyager 2]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | [[August 25]], [[1989]]
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | success
| previously visited Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus
| width="50px" | [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-076A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Neptune Orbiter]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2030
| orbiter
| under study
|
|
| [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/future1.cfm]
|}
==[[Dwarf planet]] probes==
===[[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | 2015
| width="10%" | orbiter
| width="10%" | yet to arrive
| will orbit [[Vesta]] first
| width="50px" | [[Image:Dawn Flight Configuration 2.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=DAWN]
|}
===[[Pluto (planet)|Pluto]] probes===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|-
| width="15%" colspan="2" | <s>''[[Pluto Fast Flyby]]''</s>
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | 2010
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | cancelled
|
| width="50px" |
| width="50px" |
|-
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[Pluto Kuiper Express|Pluto Kuiper<br>Express]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2012
| flyby
| cancelled
|
| width="50px" | [[Image:Pluto express.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PLUTOKE]
|-
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[New Horizons]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | 2015
| width="10%" | flyby
| width="10%" | yet to arrive
| flybys of other [[Kuiper Belt]] objects may follow (targets yet to be decided)
| width="50px" | [[Image:New horizons Pluto.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-001A]
|}
==[[Asteroid]] probes==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! style="text-align:left" | Target
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! width="50px" style="text-align:left" | Image
! width="50px" style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[951 Gaspra]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 29]], [[1991]]
| flyby
| success
| en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 1900 km
| [[Image:Galileo preparations.jpg|50px]]
| [http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/mission/journey-cruise.html]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[243 Ida]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 28]], [[1993]]
| flyby
| success
| en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 2400 km; discovery of the first [[binary asteroid|asteroid satellite]] [[Dactyl (moon)|Dactyl]]
| [[Image:Galileo preparations.jpg|50px]]
| [http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/mission/journey-cruise.html]
|-
| [[1620 Geographos]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Clementine mission|Clementine]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ballistic Missile Defense Organization|BMDO]]/<br>[[Image:No image.svg|22px]] [[NASA]]
| 1994
| flyby
| failure
| flyby cancelled due to equipment malfunction
| [[Image:Clementine Deployed.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1994-004A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[253 Mathilde]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[NEAR Shoemaker|NEAR<br>Shoemaker]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[June 27]], [[1997]]
| flyby
| success
| flew within 1200 km of [[253 Mathilde]] en route to [[433 Eros]]
| [[Image:NEARCraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-008A]
|-
| [[433 Eros]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[NEAR Shoemaker|NEAR<br>Shoemaker]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| January 1999
| orbiter
| failure
| became flyby due to software and communications problems (later attempt at orbit insertion succeeded; see below)
| [[Image:NEARCraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-008A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[9969 Braille]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Deep Space 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 29]], [[1999]]
| flyby
| partial success
| no close-up images due to camera pointing error; went on to visit comet [[19P/Borrelly]]
| [[Image:Deep Space 1 using its ion engine.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-061A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[2685 Masursky]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Cassini–Huygens|Cassini]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]/<br>{{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]]
| [[January 23]], [[2000]]
| distant flyby
| success
| en route to Saturn
| [[Image:Cassini assembly.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-061A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[433 Eros]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[NEAR Shoemaker|NEAR<br>Shoemaker]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|February 2000 –}}<br>February 2001
| orbiter, became lander
| success
| improvised landing by orbiter at end of mission
| [[Image:NEARCraft.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-008A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[5535 Annefrank]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| November 2, 2002
| distant flyby
| success
| went on to visit comet [[81P/Wild]]
| [[Image:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-003A]
|-
| <s>[[4660 Nereus]]</s>
| colspan="2" | ''[[Hayabusa]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
|
| sample return
| cancelled
| rerouted to 25143 Itokawa
| [[Image:Hayabusa(Muses-C) sampling.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-019A]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[25143 Itokawa]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Hayabusa]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| 2005–07
| sample return
| arrived
| return journey to Earth began in April 2007, scheduled to arrive in 2010; status of sample unclear
| [[Image:Hayabusa(Muses-C) sampling.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-019A]
|-
|
| ''[[Hayabusa#Minerva mini-lander|MINERVA]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| {{nowrap|[[November 12]], [[2005]]}}
| hopper
| failure
| missed target
|
|-
| <s>[[3840 Mimistrobell|3840 Mimistrobell]]</s>
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2006
| flyby
| cancelled
| rerouted
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|-
| <s>[[4979 Otawara]]</s>
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2006
| flyby
| cancelled
| rerouted
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[132524 APL]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[New Horizons]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| June 2006
| distant flyby
| success
| en route to Pluto
| [[Image:New horizons Pluto.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-001A]
|-
| [[2867 Šteins]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| September 2008
| flyby
| yet to arrive
|
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|-
| [[21 Lutetia]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| July 2010
| flyby
| yet to arrive
| en route to comet [[67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko]]
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|-
| [[4 Vesta]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Dawn Mission|Dawn]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| September 2011
| orbiter
| en route
| scheduled to continue to [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]]
| [[Image:Dawn Flight Configuration 2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=DAWN]
|-
| [[4660 Nereus]]
| colspan="2" | <s>''Near Earth Asteroid Prospector''</s>
| [[SpaceDev]]
|
| sample return
| cancelled
|
|
|[http://www.spacedev.com/newsite/templates/subpage3.php?pid=191&subNav=11&subSel=3]
|}
==[[Comet]] probes==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! style="text-align:left" | Target
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Type
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! width="50px" style="text-align:left" | Image
! width="50px" style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[21P/Giacobini-Zinner]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[International Cometary Explorer|ICE]] (formerly ISEE3)''
| {{nowrap|{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]}}
| [[September 11]], [[1985]]
| flyby
| success
| previously solar monitor ISEE3; went on to observe Halley's Comet
| [[Image:ISEE3-ICE.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-079A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[1P/Halley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Vega 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
| [[March 6]] [[1986]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 8,890 km; previously visited Venus
| [[Image:Vega 1-2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-125A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[1P/Halley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Suisei probe|Suisei]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| [[March 8]] [[1986]]
| flyby
| success
| 151,000 km
| [[Image:Suisei.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-073A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[1P/Halley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Vega 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Russian Academy of Sciences|SAS]]
| [[March 9]] [[1986]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 8,890 km; previously visited Venus
| [[Image:Vega 1-2.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1984-128A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[1P/Halley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sakigake]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| March 1986
| distant flyby
| partial success
| minimum distance 6.99 million km
| [[Image:Sakigake.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-001A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[1P/Halley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Giotto mission|Giotto]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[March 14]], [[1986]]
| flyby
| success
| minimum distance 596 km; went on to visit comet [[26P/Grigg-Skjellerup]]
| [[Image:Giotto illustration (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-056A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[1P/Halley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[International Cometary Explorer|ICE]] (formerly ISEE3)''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[March 28]] [[1986]]
| distant obser-<br>vations
| success
| minimum distance 32 million km; previously visited comet [[21P/Giacobini-Zinner]]
| [[Image:ISEE3-ICE.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-079A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[26P/Grigg-Skjellerup]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Giotto mission|Giotto]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| [[July 10]], [[1992]]
| flyby
| success
| previously visited Halley's Comet
| [[Image:Giotto illustration (large).jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-056A]
|-
| [[45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova|45P/<br>Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sakigake]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| 1996
| flyby
| failure
| rowspan="2" | contact lost; previously visited Halley's Comet
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Sakigake.gif|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-001A]
|-
| [[21P/Giacobini-Zinner]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sakigake]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| 1998
| flyby
| failure
|-
| [[55P/Tempel-Tuttle]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Suisei probe|Suisei]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| 1998
| flyby
| failure
| rowspan="2" | abandoned due to lack of fuel; previously visited Halley's Comet
| rowspan="2" | [[Image:Suisei.gif|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1985-073A]
|-
| [[21P/Giacobini-Zinner]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Suisei probe|Suisei]]''
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| 1998
| flyby
| failure
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[19P/Borrelly]]
| colspan="2" | {{nowrap|''[[Deep Space 1]]''}}
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| {{nowrap|[[September 22]], [[2001]]}}
| flyby
| success
| previously visited asteroid [[9969 Braille]]
| [[Image:Deep Space 1 using its ion engine.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-061A]
|-
| [[2P/Encke]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[CONTOUR]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2003
| flyby
| failure
| contact lost shortly after launch
| [[Image:CONTOUR pre-launch.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2002-034A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| [[81P/Wild]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[January 2]], [[2004]]
| flyby, sample return
| success
| sample returned January 2006; also visited asteroid [[5535 Annefrank]]
| [[Image:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-003A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| rowspan="2" | [[9P/Tempel]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Deep Impact (space mission)|Deep Impact]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| July 2005
| flyby
| success
|
| [[Image:Deep Impact.jpg|50px]]
| rowspan="2" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-001A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
|
| ''[[Deep Impact (space mission)|Impactor]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[July 4]], [[2005]]
| impactor
| success
|
|
|-
| [[73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann|73P/<br>Schwassmann-Wachmann]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[CONTOUR]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2006
| flyby
| failure
| contact lost shortly after launch
| [[Image:CONTOUR pre-launch.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2002-034A]
|-
| [[6P/d'Arrest]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[CONTOUR]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| 2008
| flyby
| failure
| contact lost shortly after launch
| [[Image:CONTOUR pre-launch.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2002-034A]
|-
| [[103P/Hartley]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Deep Impact (space mission)|Deep Impact]]'' (''redesignated [[EPOXI]]'')
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[October 11]] [[2010]]
| flyby
| yet to arrive
| mission extension (target changed from [[comet Boethin]])
| [[Image:Deep Impact.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-001A]
|-
| [[9P/Tempel]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]'' (''redesignated [[Stardust (spacecraft)#New Exploration of Tempel 1 (NExT)|NExT]]'')
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[February 14]] [[2011]]
| flyby
| yet to arrive
| mission extension
| [[Image:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-003A]
|-
| [[46P/Wirtanen]]
| colspan="2" | <s>''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''</s>
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2011
| orbiter
| cancelled
| rerouted to 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko|67P/Churyumov-]]<br/>[[67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko|Gerasimenko]]
| colspan="2" | ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2014–15
| orbiter
| yet to arrive
| flybys of asteroids [[2867 Šteins]] and [[21 Lutetia]] also scheduled
| [[Image:Rosetta.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-006A]
|-
|
| ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Philae]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2014
| lander
| yet to arrive
|
|
|[http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PHILAE]
|}
== Probes leaving the Solar System ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" | ''[[Pioneer 10]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| Left Jupiter in December 1973. Mission ended March 1997. Last contact January 23, 2003. Craft now presumed dead; no further contact attempts planned.
| width="50px" | [[Image:Pioneer 10 at Jupiter.gif|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-012A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| ''[[Pioneer 11]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| Left Saturn in September 1979. Last contact September 1995. The craft's antenna cannot be manoeuvred to point to Earth, and it is not known if it is still transmitting. No further contact attempts are planned.
| [[Image:Pioneer 11 at Saturn.gif|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-019A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| ''[[Voyager 1]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| Left Saturn in November 1980. Still in regular contact and transmitting scientific data (as of May 2008). Contact hoped to be maintained until at least 2020.
| [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-084A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| ''[[Voyager 2]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| Left Neptune in August 1989. Still in regular contact and transmitting scientific data (as of May 2008). Contact hoped to be maintained until at least 2020.
| [[Image:Voyager.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-076A]
|-
| ''[[New Horizons]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| Currently en route to outer Solar System. Expected to reach Pluto in July 2015.
| [[Image:New horizons Pluto.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-001A]
|}
==Other probes to leave Earth orbit==
For completeness, this section lists probes that have left (or will leave) Earth orbit, but are not targeted at any of the above bodies.
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="background:white"
! colspan="2" style="text-align:left" | Spacecraft
! style="text-align:left" | Organization
! style="text-align:left" | Date
! style="text-align:left" | Location
! style="text-align:left" | Status
! style="text-align:left" | Notes
! style="text-align:left" | Image
! style="text-align:left" | Ref
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| width="15%" colspan="2" | ''[[WMAP]]''
| width="10%" | {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| width="16%" | [[June 30]], [[2001]] (launch) – still active (as of April 2008<ref>[http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/33800 "WMAP 5-year results reveal neutrinos and tighten inflation"], CERN Courier, Apr 16, 2008</ref>)
| width="15%" | Sun-Earth [[Lagrangian point|L2]] point
| width="10%" | success
| cosmic background radiation observations
| width="50px" | [[Image:WMAP2.jpg|50px]]
| width="50px" | [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2001-027A]
|- style="background:#F0F0D0"
| colspan="2" | ''[[Spitzer Space Telescope]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| [[August 25]], [[2003]] (launch) – still active (as of May 2008)
| Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit
| success
| infrared astronomy
| [[Image:Spitzer- Telescopio.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-038A]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Herschel Space Observatory]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]/<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| October 2008 (launch)
| Sun-Earth [[Lagrangian point|L2]] point
| in development
| study of formation and evolution of galaxies and stars
| [[Image:Herschel Space Observatory.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=FIRST]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Planck Surveyor]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| October 2008 (launch)
| Sun-Earth [[Lagrangian point|L2]] point
| in development
| cosmic microwave background observations
| [[Image:Planck satellite.jpg|50px]]
| [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=PLANCK]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[Kepler Mission|Kepler]]''
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[NASA]]
| February 2009 (launch)
| Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit
| planned
| search for [[extrasolar planet]]s
| [[Image:Kepler Space Telescope.jpg|50px]]
| [http://kepler.nasa.gov/]
|-
| colspan="2" | ''[[LISA Pathfinder]]''
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 2009 (launch)
| Sun-Earth [[Lagrangian point|L1]] point
| planned
| test mission for proposed [[LISA (astronomy)|LISA]] gravitational wave observatory
|
| [http://www.esa.int/esaSC/120397_index_0_m.html]
|}
==See also==
*[[Robotic spacecraft]]
*[[Timeline of solar system exploration]]
*[[Satellite]]s
==References==
<references/>
*[http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/cassini_huygens/tour.html Planetary Society: Cassini’s Tour of the Saturn System]
<br>{{Space exploration lists and timelines}}
[[Category:Lists of spacecraft|List of planetary probes]]
[[da:Rumsonder]]
[[fr:Liste de sondes spatiales]]
[[hu:Űrszondák listája]]
[[pl:Planowane loty międzyplanetarne]]