List of United Kingdom by-elections
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82.70.9.70
/* 52nd Parliament (1997–2001) */ date of Hamilton South
This is a '''list of parliamentary [[by-election]]s in the [[United Kingdom]]''' since 1979, with the names of the incumbent and victor and their respective parties. Where seats changed [[political party]] at the election, the result is highlighted: red for a [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] gain, blue for a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] gain, yellow for a [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]], [[Social Democratic Party (UK)|SDP]] or [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]] gain, orange for a [[Scottish National Party|SNP]] gain, green for a [[Plaid Cymru]] gain and grey for any other gain.
==By-elections==
Where the cause of by-election is given as "resignation" or "seeks re-election", this indicates that the incumbent was appointed on his/her own request to an "office of profit under the Crown", either the [[Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds]] or the [[Steward of the Manor of Northstead]]. These appointments are made as a constitutional device for leaving the House of Commons, whose Members are not permitted to resign. Members seeking re-election must therefore resign from the "office of profit" before the result of the by-election is returned.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|colspan="9" |
===[[MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 2005|54th Parliament]] (2005–present)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|[[Glasgow East by-election, 2008|Glasgow East]]
|[[24 July]][[2008]]
|[[David Marshall (Scottish politician)|David Marshall]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|TBD
|
|
|Resignation (ill-health)
|-
|[[Haltemprice and Howden by-election, 2008|Haltemprice and Howden]]
|[[10 July]][[2008]]
|[[David Davis (British politician)|David Davis]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[David Davis (British politician)|Davis Davis]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[David Davis for freedom campaign|Resigned to recontest]]
|-
|[[Henley by-election, 2008|Henley]]
|[[26 June]][[2008]]
|[[Boris Johnson]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[John Howell (politician)|John Howell]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Resignation ([[Mayor of London]])
|-
|- bgcolor=lightblue
|[[Crewe and Nantwich by-election, 2008|Crewe and Nantwich]]
|[[22 May]] 2008
|[[Gwyneth Dunwoody]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Edward Timpson]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death (heart attack)
|-
|[[Sedgefield by-election, 2007|Sedgefield]]
|[[19 July]] [[2007]]
|[[Tony Blair]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Phil Wilson (politician)|Phil Wilson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Resignation (Middle East Envoy)
|-
|[[Ealing Southall by-election, 2007|Ealing Southall]]
|[[19 July]] 2007
|[[Piara Khabra]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Virendra Sharma]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (liver problems)
|-
|[[Bromley and Chislehurst by-election, 2006|Bromley and Chislehurst]]
|[[29 June]] [[2006]]
|[[Eric Forth]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Bob Neill]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death (cancer)
|-
|[[Blaenau Gwent by-elections, 2006|Blaenau Gwent]]
|29 June 2006
|[[Peter Law]]
{{Party name with colour|Independent (politician)}}
|[[Dai Davies (politician)|Dai Davies]]
{{Party name with colour|Independent (politician)}}
|Death (cancer)
|-
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Dunfermline and West Fife by-election, 2006|Dunfermline and West Fife]]
|[[9 February]] 2006
|[[Rachel Squire]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Willie Rennie]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death (cancer/stroke)
|-
|[[Livingston by-election, 2005|Livingston]]
|[[29 September]] [[2005]]
|[[Robin Cook]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Jim Devine]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (heart disease)
|-
|[[Cheadle by-election, 2005|Cheadle]]
|[[14 July]] 2005
|[[Patsy Calton]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|[[Mark Hunter (politician)|Mark Hunter]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death (cancer)
|-
|colspan=9 |
===[[MPs elected in the UK general election, 2001|53rd Parliament]] (2001–2005)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|[[Hartlepool by-election, 2004|Hartlepool]]
|[[30 September]] [[2004]]
|[[Peter Mandelson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Iain Wright]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as European Commissioner
|-
|[[Birmingham Hodge Hill by-election, 2004|Birmingham Hodge Hill]]
|[[15 July]] 2004
|[[Terry Davis (MP)|Terry Davis]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Liam Byrne]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as Secretary-General of the [[Council of Europe]]
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Leicester South by-election, 2004|Leicester South]]<sup>1</sup>
|[[15 July]] 2004
|[[Jim Marshall (UK politician)|Jim Marshall]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Parmjit Singh Gill]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death (heart attack)
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Brent East by-election, 2003|Brent East]]<sup>2</sup>
|[[18 September]] [[2003]]
|[[Paul Daisley]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Sarah Teather]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death (cancer)
|-
|[[Ogmore by-election, 2002|Ogmore]]
|[[14 February]] [[2002]]
|Sir [[Raymond Powell]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Huw Irranca-Davies]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (asthma attack?)
|-
|[[Ipswich by-election, 2001|Ipswich]]
|[[15 October]] [[2001]]
|[[Jamie Cann]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Chris Mole]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death ("serious illness")
|-
|colspan=9 |
* <sup>1</sup> Gain not retained at the [[2005 UK general election]].
* <sup>2</sup> Gain retained at the 2005 UK general election.
===[[MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1997|52nd Parliament]] (1997–2001)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|[[Falkirk West by-election, 2000|Falkirk West]]
|[[21 December]] [[2000]]
|[[Dennis Canavan]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}/ [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]<sup>1</sup>
|[[Eric Joyce]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Resigned following election to the [[Scottish Parliament]]
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[West Bromwich West by-election, 2000|West Bromwich West]]
|[[23 November]] 2000
|[[Betty Boothroyd]]
{{Party name with colour|Speaker of the British House of Commons}}
|[[Adrian Bailey]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Life Peerage]]
|-
|[[Preston by-election, 2000|Preston]]
|[[23 November]] 2000
|[[Audrey Wise]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Mark Hendrick]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (cancer)
|-
|[[Glasgow Anniesland by-election, 2000|Glasgow Anniesland]]
|[[23 November]] 2000
|[[Donald Dewar]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[John Robertson (UK politician)|John Robertson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (brain hemorrhage after heart surgery)
|- bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
|[[South Antrim by-election, 2000|South Antrim]]
|[[21 September]] 2000<sup>2</sup>
|[[Clifford Forsythe]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[William McCrea (politician)|William McCrea]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|Death (sudden illness)
|-
|[[Tottenham by-election, 2000|Tottenham]]
|[[22 June]] 2000
|[[Bernie Grant]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[David Lammy]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (heart attack)
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Romsey by-election, 2000|Romsey]]
|[[4 May]] 2000<sup>3</sup>
|[[Michael Colvin]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Sandra Gidley]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death (accidental fire)
|-
|[[Ceredigion by-election, 2000|Ceredigion]]
|[[3 February]] 2000
|[[Cynog Dafis]]
{{Party name with colour|Plaid Cymru}}
|[[Simon Thomas (politician)|Simon Thomas]]
{{Party name with colour|Plaid Cymru}}
|Resigned following election to the [[Welsh Assembly]]
|-
|[[Kensington and Chelsea by-election, 1999|Kensington and Chelsea]]
|[[25 November]] [[1999]]
|[[Alan Clark]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Michael Portillo]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death (cancer)
|-
|[[Wigan by-election, 1999|Wigan]]
|[[23 September]] 1999
|[[Roger Stott]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Neil Turner]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (long illness)
|-
|[[Hamilton South by-election, 1999|Hamilton South]]
|[[23 September]] 1999
|[[George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen | George Robertson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Bill Tynan]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Life Peerage]] upon appointment as Secretary-General of NATO
|-
|[[Eddisbury by-election, 1999|Eddisbury]]
|[[22 July]] 1999
|[[Alastair Goodlad]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Stephen O'Brien]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as High Commissioner to Australia
|-
|[[Leeds Central by-election, 1999|Leeds Central]]
|[[10 June]] 1999
|[[Derek Fatchett]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Hilary Benn]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (heart attack)
|-
|[[Winchester by-election, 1997|Winchester]]
|[[20 November]] [[1997]]
|[[Mark Oaten]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|[[Mark Oaten]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Void election
|-
|[[Beckenham by-election, 1997|Beckenham]]
|[[20 November]] 1997
|[[Piers Merchant]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Jacqui Lait]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Resignation (Scandal)
|-
|[[Paisley South by-election, 1997|Paisley South]]
|[[6 November]] 1997
|[[Gordon McMaster]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Douglas Alexander]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (suicide)
|-
|[[Uxbridge by-election, 1997|Uxbridge]]
|[[31 July]] 1997
|Sir [[Michael Shersby]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[John Randall (UK politician)|John Randall]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|colspan=9|
* <sup>1</sup> [[Dennis Canavan]] was elected as a [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] MP from [[United Kingdom general election, 1974 (February)|1974]] onwards but in [[1999]] left the party when he was not selected as a Labour candidate for the [[Scottish Parliament]] and instead successfully stood as an Independent.
*<sup>2</sup> Gain not retained at the [[2001 UK general election]].
*<sup>3</sup> Gain retained at the 2001 UK general election.
===[[MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1992|51st Parliament]] (1992–1997)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Wirral South by-election, 1997|Wirral South]]
|[[27 February]] [[1997]]<sup>1</sup>
|[[Barry Porter]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Ben Chapman (politician)|Ben Chapman]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Barnsley East by-election, 1996|Barnsley East]]
|[[12 December]] [[1996]]
|[[Terry Patchett]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Jeff Ennis]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[South East Staffordshire by-election, 1996|South East Staffordshire]]
|[[11 April]] 1996<sup>1</sup>
|Sir [[David Lightbown]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Brian Jenkins (politician)|Brian Jenkins]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Hemsworth by-election, 1996|Hemsworth]]
|[[1 February]] 1996
|[[Derek Enright]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Jon Trickett]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Littleborough and Saddleworth by-election, 1995|Littleborough and Saddleworth]]
|[[27 July]] [[1995]]<sup>2</sup>
|[[Geoffrey Dickens]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Chris Davies]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
|[[North Down by-election, 1995|North Down]]
|[[15 June]] 1995<sup>1</sup>
|Sir [[James Kilfedder]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Popular Unionist Party}}
|[[Robert McCartney (politician)|Robert McCartney]]
{{Party name with colour|UK Unionist Party}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=orange
|[[Perth and Kinross by-election, 1995|Perth and Kinross]]
|[[25 May]] 1995<sup>1</sup>
|Sir [[Nicholas Fairbairn]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Roseanna Cunningham]]
{{Party name with colour|Scottish National Party}}
|Death
|-
|[[Islwyn by-election, 1995|Islwyn]]
|[[16 February]] 1995
|[[Neil Kinnock]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Don Touhig]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as European Commissioner
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Dudley West by-election, 1994|Dudley West]]
|[[15 December]] [[1994]]<sup>1</sup>
|[[John Blackburn (politician)|John Blackburn]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Ian Pearson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Monklands East by-election, 1994|Monklands East]]
|[[30 June]] 1994
|[[John Smith (UK politician)|John Smith]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Helen Liddell]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Newham North East by-election, 1994|Newham North East]]
|[[9 June]] 1994
|[[Ron Leighton]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Stephen Timms]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Eastleigh by-election, 1994|Eastleigh]]
|[[9 June]] 1994<sup>1</sup>
|[[Stephen Milligan]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[David Chidgey, Baron Chidgey|David Chidgey]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Dagenham by-election, 1994|Dagenham]]
|[[9 June]] 1994
|[[Bryan Gould]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Judith Church]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as Vice-Chancellor of the [[University of Waikato]], [[New Zealand]]
|-
|[[Bradford South by-election, 1994|Bradford South]]
|[[9 June]] 1994
|[[Bob Cryer]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Gerry Sutcliffe]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (road accident)
|-
|[[Barking by-election, 1994|Barking]]
|[[9 June]] 1994
|[[Jo Richardson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Margaret Hodge]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Rotherham by-election, 1994|Rotherham]]
|[[5 May]] 1994
|[[Jimmy Boyce]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Denis MacShane]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Christchurch by-election, 1993|Christchurch]]
|[[29 July]] [[1993]]<sup>3</sup>
|[[Robert Adley]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Diana Maddock]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Newbury by-election, 1993|Newbury]]
|[[6 May]] 1993<sup>1</sup>
|[[Judith Chaplin]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[David Rendel]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|colspan=9|
*<sup>1</sup> - Gain retained at the [[1997 UK general election]].
*<sup>2</sup> - [[Littleborough and Saddleworth (UK Parliament constituency)|Littleborough and Saddleworth]] was abolished in boundary changes taking effect from 1997. Davies contested the successor seat of [[Oldham East and Saddleworth (UK Parliament constituency)|Oldham East and Saddleworth]] for the [[Liberal Democrats]] but lost to [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]].
*<sup>3</sup> - Gain not retained at the 1997 UK general election.
===[[MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1987|50th Parliament]] (1987–1992)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Langbaurgh by-election, 1991|Langbaurgh]]
|[[7 November]] [[1991]]<sup>1</sup>
|[[Richard Holt]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Ashok Kumar (UK politician)|Ashok Kumar]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Kincardine and Deeside by-election, 1991|Kincardine and Deeside]]
|[[7 November]] 1991<sup>1</sup>
|[[Alick Buchanan-Smith]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Nicol Stephen]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Hemsworth by-election, 1991|Hemsworth]]
|[[7 November]] 1991
|[[George Buckley (politician)|George Buckley]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Derek Enright]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Liverpool Walton by-election, 1991|Liverpool Walton]]
|[[4 July]] 1991
|[[Eric Heffer]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Peter Kilfoyle]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Monmouth by-election, 1991|Monmouth]]
|[[16 May]] 1991<sup>1</sup>
|Sir [[John Stradling Thomas]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Huw Edwards (politician)|Huw Edwards]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Neath by-election, 1991|Neath]]
|[[4 April]] 1991
|[[Donald Coleman]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Peter Hain]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Ribble Valley by-election, 1991|Ribble Valley]]
|[[7 March]] 1991<sup>1</sup>
|[[David Waddington, Baron Waddington|David Waddington]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Michael Carr (Lib Dem politician)|Michael Carr]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|[[Life Peerage]] on appointment as [[Leader of the House of Lords]]
|-
|[[Paisley South by-election, 1990|Paisley South]]
|[[29 November]] [[1990]]
|[[Norman Buchan]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Gordon McMaster]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Paisley North by-election, 1990|Paisley North]]
|[[29 November]] 1990
|[[Allen Adams]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Irene Adams, Baroness Adams of Craigielea|Irene Adams]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Bradford North by-election, 1990|Bradford North]]
|[[8 November]] 1990
|[[Pat Wall]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Terry Rooney]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Bootle by-election, November 1990|Bootle]]
|[[8 November]] 1990
|[[Michael Carr (Labour politician)|Michael Carr]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Joseph Benton]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Eastbourne by-election, 1990|Eastbourne]]
|[[18 October]] 1990<sup>1</sup>
|[[Ian Gow]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[David Bellotti]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|Death (killed by IRA)
|-
|[[Knowsley South by-election, 1990|Knowsley South]]
|[[27 September]] 1990
|[[Sean Hughes (politician)|Sean Hughes]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Edward O'Hara]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Bootle by-election, May 1990|Bootle]]
|[[24 May]] 1990
|[[Allan Roberts]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Michael Carr (Labour politician)|Michael Carr]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Upper Bann by-election, 1990|Upper Bann]]
|[[17 May]] 1990
|[[Harold McCusker]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[David Trimble]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Mid Staffordshire by-election, 1990|Mid Staffordshire]]
|[[22 March]] 1990<sup>1</sup>
|[[John Heddle]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Sylvia Heal]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (suicide)
|-
|[[Vauxhall by-election, 1989|Vauxhall]]
|[[15 June]] [[1989]]
|[[Stuart Holland]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Kate Hoey]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment to the European University Institute, Florence
|-
|[[Glasgow Central by-election, 1989|Glasgow Central]]
|[[15 June]] 1989
|[[Robert McTaggart]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Mike Watson]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Vale of Glamorgan by-election, 1989|Vale of Glamorgan]]
|[[4 May]] 1989<sup>1</sup>
|Sir [[Raymond Gower]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[John Smith (Welsh politician)|John Smith]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Richmond by-election, 1989|Richmond]]
|[[23 February]] 1989
|[[Leon Brittan]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[William Hague]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as European Commissioner
|-
|[[Pontypridd by-election, 1989|Pontypridd]]
|[[23 February]] 1989
|[[Brynmor John]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Kim Howells]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Epping Forest by-election, 1988|Epping Forest]]
|[[15 December]] [[1988]]
|Sir [[John Biggs-Davison]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Steven Norris]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=orange
|[[Glasgow Govan by-election, 1988|Glasgow Govan]]
|[[10 November]] 1988<sup>1</sup>
|[[Bruce Millan]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Jim Sillars]]
{{Party name with colour|Scottish National Party}}
|Appointment to European Commission
|-
|[[Kensington by-election, 1988|Kensington]]
|[[14 July]] 1988
|Sir [[Brandon Rhys Williams]], Bt.
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Dudley Fishburn]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
| colspan=9 |
* <sup>1</sup> - Gain not retained at the [[1992 UK general election]].
===[[MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1983|49th Parliament]] (1983–1987)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|[[Truro by-election, 1987|Truro]]
|[[12 March]] [[1987]]
|[[David Penhaligon]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}
|[[Matthew Taylor (politician)|Matthew Taylor]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}
|Death (road accident)
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Greenwich by-election, 1987|Greenwich]]
|[[26 February]] 1987<sup>1</sup>
|[[Guy Barnett (UK politician)|Guy Barnett]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Rosie Barnes]]
{{Party name with colour|Social Democratic Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Knowsley North by-election, 1986|Knowsley North]]
|[[13 November]] [[1986]]
|[[Robert Kilroy-Silk]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[George Howarth]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|New BBC TV presenter career
|-
|[[Newcastle-under-Lyme by-election, 1986|Newcastle-under-Lyme]]
|[[17 July]] 1986
|[[John Golding (British politician)|John Golding]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Llinos Golding]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as General Secretary of the [[National Communications Union]]
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Ryedale by-election, 1986|Ryedale]]
|[[8 May]] 1986<sup>2</sup>
|[[John Spence]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Elizabeth Shields]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[West Derbyshire by-election, 1986|West Derbyshire]]
|[[8 May]] 1986
|[[Matthew Parris]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Patrick McLoughlin]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as presenter of LWT program 'Weekend World'
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Fulham by-election, 1986|Fulham]]
|[[10 April]] 1986<sup>2</sup>
|[[Martin Stevens]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Nick Raynsford]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Upper Bann by-election, 1986|Upper Bann]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Harold McCusker]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Harold McCusker]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Strangford by-election, 1986|Strangford]]
|[[23 January]] 1986<sup>1</sup>
|[[John Taylor, Baron Kilclooney|John Taylor]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[John Taylor, Baron Kilclooney|John Taylor]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|- bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
|[[Newry & Armagh by-election, 1986|Newry & Armagh]]
|[[23 January]] 1986<sup>1</sup>
|[[James Nicholson]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Seamus Mallon]]
{{Party name with colour|Social Democratic and Labour Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[North Antrim by-election, 1986|North Antrim]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Ian Paisley]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|[[Ian Paisley]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[East Antrim by-election, 1986|East Antrim]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Roy Beggs]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Roy Beggs]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[South Antrim by-election, 1986|South Antrim]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Clifford Forsythe]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Clifford Forsythe]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Belfast North by-election, 1986|Belfast North]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Cecil Walker]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Cecil Walker]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Belfast East by-election, 1986|Belfast East]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Peter Robinson (politician)|Peter Robinson]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|[[Peter Robinson (politician)|Peter Robinson]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Belfast South by-election, 1986|Belfast South]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Martin Smyth]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Martin Smyth]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[North Down by-election, 1986|North Down]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[James Kilfedder]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Popular Unionist Party}}
|[[James Kilfedder]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Popular Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[South Down by-election, 1986|South Down]]
|[[23 January]] 1986<sup>3</sup>
|[[Enoch Powell]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Enoch Powell]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Fermanagh & South Tyrone by-election, 1986|Fermanagh & South Tyrone]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[Ken Maginnis]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Ken Maginnis]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Lagan Valley by-election, 1986|Lagan Valley]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[James Molyneaux]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[James Molyneaux]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[East Londonderry by-election, 1986|East Londonderry]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[William Ross]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[William Ross]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Mid Ulster by-election, 1986|Mid Ulster]]
|[[23 January]] 1986
|[[William McCrea (politician)|William McCrea]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|[[William McCrea (politician)|William McCrea]]
{{Party name with colour|Democratic Unionist Party}}
|Seeks re-election in opposition to the [[Anglo-Irish Agreement]]
|-
|[[Tyne Bridge by-election, 1985|Tyne Bridge]]
|[[5 December]] [[1985]]
|[[Harry Cowans]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[David Clelland]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Brecon and Radnor by-election, 1985|Brecon and Radnor]]
|[[4 July]] 1985<sup>1</sup>
|[[Tom Hooson]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Richard Livsey]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Enfield Southgate by-election, 1984|Enfield Southgate]]
|[[13 December]] [[1984]]
|Sir [[Anthony Berry]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Michael Portillo]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death (killed by IRA)
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Portsmouth South by-election, 1984|Portsmouth South]]
|[[14 June]] 1984<sup>2</sup>
|[[Bonner Pink]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Mike Hancock (UK politician)|Mike Hancock]]
{{Party name with colour|Social Democratic Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[South West Surrey by-election, 1984|South West Surrey]]
|[[3 May]] 1984
|[[Maurice Macmillan|Viscount Macmillan of Ovenden]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Virginia Bottomley]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Stafford by-election, 1984|Stafford]]
|[[3 May]] 1984
|Sir [[Hugh Fraser (politician)|Hugh Fraser]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Bill Cash]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Cynon Valley by-election, 1984|Cynon Valley]]
|[[3 May]] 1984
|[[Ioan Evans]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Ann Clwyd]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Chesterfield by-election, 1984|Chesterfield]]
|[[1 March]] 1984
|[[Eric Varley]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Tony Benn]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as Chairman of [[Coalite]] PLC
|-
|[[Penrith and The Border by-election, 1983|Penrith and the Border]]
|[[28 July]] [[1983]]
|[[William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw|William Whitelaw]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[David Maclean]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Hereditary Peerage]] on appointment as [[Leader of the House of Lords]]
|-
|colspan=9|
* <sup>1</sup> - Gain retained at the [[1987 UK general election]].
* <sup>2</sup> - Gain not retained at the 1987 UK general election.
* <sup>3</sup> - [[Enoch Powell]] retained the seat for the Ulster Unionists in the by-election but lost it to the [[Social Democratic and Labour Party]] in the [[United Kingdom general election, 1987|1987 General Election]].
===[[MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1979|48th Parliament]] (1979–1983)===
|-
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|[[Darlington by-election, 1983|Darlington]]
|[[24 March]] [[1983]]<sup>1</sup>
|[[Edward Fletcher (politician)|Edward Fletcher]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Oswald O'Brien]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Bermondsey by-election, 1983|Bermondsey]]
|[[24 February]] 1983<sup>2</sup>
|[[Robert Mellish, Baron Mellish|Robert Mellish]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}/Ind Labour
|[[Simon Hughes]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}
|Resignation (dispute with party)
|-
|[[Glasgow Queen's Park by-election, 1982|Glasgow Queen's Park]]
|[[2 December]] [[1982]]
|[[Frank McElhone]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Helen McElhone]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Peckham by-election, 1982|Peckham]]
|[[28 October]] 1982
|[[Harry Lamborn]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Harriet Harman]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=pink
|[[Birmingham Northfield by-election, 1982|Birmingham Northfield]]
|[[28 October]] 1982<sup>3</sup>
|[[Jocelyn Cadbury]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[John Spellar]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death (suicide)
|-
|[[Gower by-election, 1982|Gower]]
|[[16 September]] 1982
|[[Ifor Davies]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Gareth Wardell]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Coatbridge and Airdrie by-election, 1982|Coatbridge and Airdrie]]
|[[24 June]] 1982
|[[James Dempsey]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Tom Clarke (politician)|Thomas Clarke]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=lightblue
|[[Mitcham and Morden by-election, 1982|Mitcham and Morden]]
|[[3 June]] 1982<sup>4</sup>
|[[Bruce Douglas-Mann]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}/Ind [[Social Democratic Party (UK)|SDP]]
|[[Angela Rumbold]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Sought re-election upon change of party allegiance
|-
|[[Beaconsfield by-election, 1982|Beaconsfield]]
|[[27 May]] 1982
|Sir [[Ronald Bell (UK politician)|Ronald Bell]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Tim Smith (UK politician)|Tim Smith]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Glasgow Hillhead by-election, 1982|Glasgow Hillhead]]
|[[25 March]] 1982<sup>2</sup>
|Sir [[Tam Galbraith|Thomas Galbraith]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Roy Jenkins]]
{{Party name with colour|Social Democratic Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Belfast South by-election, 1982|Belfast South]]
|[[4 March]] 1982
|[[Robert Bradford (NI politician)|Robert Bradford]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|[[Martin Smyth]]
{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}
|Death (killed by IRA)
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Crosby by-election, 1981|Crosby]]
|[[26 November]] [[1981]]<sup>3</sup>
|Sir [[Graham Page]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Shirley Williams]]
{{Party name with colour|Social Democratic Party (UK)}}
|Death
|- bgcolor=yellow
|[[Croydon North West by-election, 1981|Croydon North West]]
|[[22 October]] 1981<sup>3</sup>
|[[Robert Taylor (UK politician)|Robert Taylor]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Bill Pitt]]
{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Fermanagh & South Tyrone by-election, 1981 (August)|Fermanagh & South Tyrone]]
|[[20 August]] 1981<sup>5</sup>
|[[Bobby Sands]]
{{Party name with colour|Anti H-Block}}
|[[Owen Carron]]
{{Party name with colour|Anti H-Block}}
|Death (hunger strike)
|-
|[[Warrington by-election, 1981|Warrington]]
|[[16 July]] 1981
|Sir [[Thomas Williams]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Douglas Hoyle]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Appointment as High Court Judge
|- bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
|[[Fermanagh & South Tyrone by-election, 1981 (April)|Fermanagh & South Tyrone]]
|[[9 April]] 1981<sup>5</sup>
|[[Frank Maguire]]
{{Party name with colour|Independent Republican (Ireland)}}
|[[Bobby Sands]]
{{Party name with colour|Anti H-Block}}
|Death
|-
|[[Glasgow Central by-election, 1980|Glasgow Central]]
|[[26 June]] [[1980]]
|[[Thomas McMillan (British MP)|Thomas McMillan]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Robert McTaggart]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[Southend East by-election, 1980|Southend East]]
|[[13 March]] 1980<sup>2</sup>
|Sir [[Stephen McAdden]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Teddy Taylor]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Death
|-
|[[South West Hertfordshire by-election, 1979|South West Hertfordshire]]
|[[13 December]] [[1979]]
|[[Geoffrey Dodsworth]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|[[Richard Page]]
{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|Resignation on medical advice
|-
|[[Manchester Central by-election, 1979|Manchester Central]]
|[[27 September]] 1979
|[[Harold Lever, Baron Lever of Manchester|Harold Lever]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Robert Litherland]]
{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}
|[[Life Peerage]]
|-
|colspan=9|
* <sup>1</sup> - [[Oswald O'Brien]] retained the seat for Labour in the by-election but lost it to the Conservatives in the [[United Kingdom general election, 1983|1983 General Election]] only 11 weeks later.
* <sup>2</sup> - Gain retained at the 1983 UK general election.
* <sup>3</sup> - Gain not retained at the 1983 UK general election.
* <sup>4</sup> - Mitcham and Morden was the last time an incumbent government gained a seat from the opposition in a by-election.
* <sup>5</sup> - Following Sands' death, [[Owen Carron]] retained the seat for Anti H-Block in the second by-election and defended it as [[Sinn Féin]] in the 1983 General Election but lost to the Ulster Unionists.
|}
{{UK by-elections}}
== UK by-election records ==
For a list of exceptional results and records in the history of by-elections in the United Kingdom see: [[United Kingdom by-election records]]
==Notes==
<references/>
==References==
*[http://www.election.demon.co.uk/election.html United Kingdom Election Results (David Boothroyd)]
*[http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/election.htm#british United Kingdom Elections (Keele University)]
*[http://www.geocities.com/by_elections/ British Parliamentary By-Elections since 1945]
*[http://www.angeltowns.com/town/peerage/commons.htm List of MPs since 1660]
*[[F. W. S. Craig]], ''British Parliamentary Election Results 1974-83''
*[[F. W. S. Craig]], ''British Parliamentary Election Statistics 1832-1987''
*[[F. W. S. Craig]], ''Chronology of British Parliamentary By-elections 1833-1987''
[[Category:United Kingdom-related lists|By-elections in the UK 1979]]
[[Category:By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom| ]]
[[cy:Rhestr is-etholiadau yn y Deyrnas Unedig]]