List of basic linguistics topics
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moved [[Topical outline of linguistics]] to [[List of basic linguistics topics]] over redirect: revert self
:''For a more comprehensive list, see the [[List of linguistics topics]].''
'''[[Linguistics]]''' is the [[scientific]] study of [[language]]. Someone who engages in this study is called a '''linguist'''. Linguistics can be theoretical or applied.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to '''linguistics''':
{{portalpar|Linguistics}}
== Essence of linguistics ==
: ''Main article: [[Linguistics]]''
== Branches of linguistics ==
* [[Theoretical linguistics]]
* [[Applied linguistics]]
=== Subfields of linguistics ===
* [[Computational linguistics]]
* [[Comparative linguistics]]
* [[Dialectology]]
* [[Etymology]]
* [[Grammar]]
* [[Historical linguistics]]
* [[Interlinguistics]]
* [[Language didactics]]
* [[Lexicology]]
* [[Linguistic statistics]]
* [[Linguistic typology]]
* [[Morphology (linguistics)|Morphology]]
* [[Phonetics]]
* [[Phonology]]
* [[Pragmatics]]
* [[Psycholinguistics]]
* [[Semantics]]
* [[Sociolinguistics]]
=== Schools, movements, and approaches of linguistics ===
* [[Cognitive linguistics]]
* [[Danish School]]
* [[Functionalism (linguistics)|Functionalism]]
* [[Generative linguistics]] <!-- should this be here? -->
* [[Geneva School]]
* [[Neo-Grammarians]]
* [[Prague School]]
* [[Prescription and description]]
* [[Soviet linguistics]]
* [[Stratificational linguistics]]
* [[Structuralism]]
* [[Systemic linguistics]]
* [[SIL International]]
* [http://personal.bgsu.edu/~edwards/tags.html Tagmemics]
== History of linguistics ==
: ''Main article: [[History of linguistics]]''
=== Timeline of discovery of basic linguistics concepts ===
''When were the basic concepts first described and by whom?''
* [[:Category:Sanskrit grammarians|Ancient Sanskrit grammarians]]
* Ancient Greek study of language
* Roman elaborations of Greek study
* Medieval philosophical work in Latin
* Beginnings of modern linguistics in the 19th century
* Behaviorism and mental ''tabula rasa'' hypothesis
* Chomsky and functionalism
* Generative grammar leads to generative phonology and semantics
* Birth of Nicaraguan Sign Language
* Alternate syntactic systems develop in 80s
* Computational linguistics becomes feasible the late 80s
* Neurolinguistics and the biological basis of cognition
* Controversy over [[Pirahã]] number conception
== Basic questions in linguistics ==
''What are the basic questions asked in linguistics?''
# What is language?
# How did it/does it evolve?
# How does language serve as a medium of communication?
# How does language serve as a medium of thinking?
# What is common to all languages?
# How do languages differ?
# Is X a language or a dialect?
(The answers are not necessarily basic or easy to understand.)
== Basic concepts ==
''What basic concepts / terms do I have to know to talk about linguistics?''
* [[Morphology (linguistics)|Morphology]]
** [[morpheme]], [[inflection]], [[Inflectional paradigm|paradigm]], [[Derivation (linguistics)|derivation]], [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]]
* [[Phonology]]
** [[phoneme]], [[segment (linguistics)|segment]], [[syllable]], [[foot (prosody)|foot]], [[stress (linguistics)|stress]]
* [[Grammar]]
** [[Grammatical tense|tense]], [[aspect (linguistics)|aspect]], [[grammatical number]], [[grammatical gender]], [[declension]]
* [[Syntax]]
** [[phrase]], [[clause]], [[grammatical function]], [[grammatical voice]]
* [[Semantics]]
** [[entailment]], [[truth condition]], [[compositionality (semantics)|compositionality]]
* [[Pragmatics]]
** [[presupposition]], [[implicature]], [[deixis]]
== Languages of the world ==
=== Languages by country ===
{{Africa in topic|Languages of}}
{{North America in topic|Languages of}}
{{South America in topic|Languages of}}
{{Asia in topic|Languages of}}
{{Languages of Europe}}
{{Oceania in topic|Languages of}}
== Linguistics scholars ==
''People who had a significant influence on the development of the field''
* [[Benjamin Lee Whorf]]
* [[Claude Levi-Strauss]]
* [[Edward Sapir]]
* [[Ferdinand de Saussure]]
* [[Franz Bopp]]
* [[August Schleicher]]
* [[John Langshaw Austin]]
* [[John R. Searle]]
* [[Louis Hjelmslev]]
* [[Kenneth L. Pike]]
* [[M.A.K. Halliday]]
* [[Noam Chomsky]]
* {{Unicode|[[Pāṇini]]}}
* [[Rasmus Rask]]
* [[Roman Jakobson]]
* [[William Jones (philologist)|Sir William Jones]]
* [[Noah Webster]]
== Linguistics lists ==
: ''Main article: [[List of linguistics topics]]''
== See also ==
* [[Number of words in English]]
==External links==
* [http://www.glottopedia.org Glottopedia, MediaWiki-based encyclopedia of linguistics, under construction]
* [http://www.lsadc.org/info/ling-fields.cfm Subfields according to the Linguistic Society of America]
* [http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/index.htm Glossary of linguistic terms] and [http://www.sil.org/linguistics/glossary_fe/ French<->English glossary] at [[SIL International]]
* [http://www.unizar.es/departamentos/filologia_inglesa/garciala/bibliography.html "Linguistics" section] of A Bibliography of Literary Theory, Criticism and Philology, ed. J. A. García Landa (University of Zaragoza, Spain)
* Linguistics and language-related [[wiki]] articles on [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Language Scholarpedia] and [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Linguistics Citizendium]
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[[Category:Linguistics|*]]
[[Category:Linguistics lists|*]]
[[Category:Wikipedia missing topics]]
[[Category:Basic topic lists|Linguistics]]