List of basic linguistics topics 18341 221072781 2008-06-22T23:00:23Z The Transhumanist 1754504 moved [[Topical outline of linguistics]] to [[List of basic linguistics topics]] over redirect: revert self :''For a more comprehensive list, see the [[List of linguistics topics]].'' '''[[Linguistics]]''' is the [[scientific]] study of [[language]]. Someone who engages in this study is called a '''linguist'''. Linguistics can be theoretical or applied. The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to '''linguistics''': {{portalpar|Linguistics}} == Essence of linguistics == : ''Main article: [[Linguistics]]'' == Branches of linguistics == * [[Theoretical linguistics]] * [[Applied linguistics]] === Subfields of linguistics === * [[Computational linguistics]] * [[Comparative linguistics]] * [[Dialectology]] * [[Etymology]] * [[Grammar]] * [[Historical linguistics]] * [[Interlinguistics]] * [[Language didactics]] * [[Lexicology]] * [[Linguistic statistics]] * [[Linguistic typology]] * [[Morphology (linguistics)|Morphology]] * [[Phonetics]] * [[Phonology]] * [[Pragmatics]] * [[Psycholinguistics]] * [[Semantics]] * [[Sociolinguistics]] === Schools, movements, and approaches of linguistics === * [[Cognitive linguistics]] * [[Danish School]] * [[Functionalism (linguistics)|Functionalism]] * [[Generative linguistics]] <!-- should this be here? --> * [[Geneva School]] * [[Neo-Grammarians]] * [[Prague School]] * [[Prescription and description]] * [[Soviet linguistics]] * [[Stratificational linguistics]] * [[Structuralism]] * [[Systemic linguistics]] * [[SIL International]] * [http://personal.bgsu.edu/~edwards/tags.html Tagmemics] == History of linguistics == : ''Main article: [[History of linguistics]]'' === Timeline of discovery of basic linguistics concepts === ''When were the basic concepts first described and by whom?'' * [[:Category:Sanskrit grammarians|Ancient Sanskrit grammarians]] * Ancient Greek study of language * Roman elaborations of Greek study * Medieval philosophical work in Latin * Beginnings of modern linguistics in the 19th century * Behaviorism and mental ''tabula rasa'' hypothesis * Chomsky and functionalism * Generative grammar leads to generative phonology and semantics * Birth of Nicaraguan Sign Language * Alternate syntactic systems develop in 80s * Computational linguistics becomes feasible the late 80s * Neurolinguistics and the biological basis of cognition * Controversy over [[Pirahã]] number conception == Basic questions in linguistics == ''What are the basic questions asked in linguistics?'' # What is language? # How did it/does it evolve? # How does language serve as a medium of communication? # How does language serve as a medium of thinking? # What is common to all languages? # How do languages differ? # Is X a language or a dialect? (The answers are not necessarily basic or easy to understand.) == Basic concepts == ''What basic concepts / terms do I have to know to talk about linguistics?'' * [[Morphology (linguistics)|Morphology]] ** [[morpheme]], [[inflection]], [[Inflectional paradigm|paradigm]], [[Derivation (linguistics)|derivation]], [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] * [[Phonology]] ** [[phoneme]], [[segment (linguistics)|segment]], [[syllable]], [[foot (prosody)|foot]], [[stress (linguistics)|stress]] * [[Grammar]] ** [[Grammatical tense|tense]], [[aspect (linguistics)|aspect]], [[grammatical number]], [[grammatical gender]], [[declension]] * [[Syntax]] ** [[phrase]], [[clause]], [[grammatical function]], [[grammatical voice]] * [[Semantics]] ** [[entailment]], [[truth condition]], [[compositionality (semantics)|compositionality]] * [[Pragmatics]] ** [[presupposition]], [[implicature]], [[deixis]] == Languages of the world == === Languages by country === {{Africa in topic|Languages of}} {{North America in topic|Languages of}} {{South America in topic|Languages of}} {{Asia in topic|Languages of}} {{Languages of Europe}} {{Oceania in topic|Languages of}} == Linguistics scholars == ''People who had a significant influence on the development of the field'' * [[Benjamin Lee Whorf]] * [[Claude Levi-Strauss]] * [[Edward Sapir]] * [[Ferdinand de Saussure]] * [[Franz Bopp]] * [[August Schleicher]] * [[John Langshaw Austin]] * [[John R. Searle]] * [[Louis Hjelmslev]] * [[Kenneth L. Pike]] * [[M.A.K. Halliday]] * [[Noam Chomsky]] * {{Unicode|[[Pāṇini]]}} * [[Rasmus Rask]] * [[Roman Jakobson]] * [[William Jones (philologist)|Sir William Jones]] * [[Noah Webster]] == Linguistics lists == : ''Main article: [[List of linguistics topics]]'' == See also == * [[Number of words in English]] ==External links== * [http://www.glottopedia.org Glottopedia, MediaWiki-based encyclopedia of linguistics, under construction] * [http://www.lsadc.org/info/ling-fields.cfm Subfields according to the Linguistic Society of America] * [http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/index.htm Glossary of linguistic terms] and [http://www.sil.org/linguistics/glossary_fe/ French<->English glossary] at [[SIL International]] * [http://www.unizar.es/departamentos/filologia_inglesa/garciala/bibliography.html "Linguistics" section] of A Bibliography of Literary Theory, Criticism and Philology, ed. J. A. García Landa (University of Zaragoza, Spain) * Linguistics and language-related [[wiki]] articles on [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Language Scholarpedia] and [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Linguistics Citizendium] {{List resources footer}} [[Category:Linguistics|*]] [[Category:Linguistics lists|*]] [[Category:Wikipedia missing topics]] [[Category:Basic topic lists|Linguistics]]