List of cancer clusters
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2007-09-16T18:51:52Z
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/AlptaBot|AlptaBot]] to last version by Amalthea923
{{Dynamic list}}
This is a list of [[cancer clusters]]. It should be noted that a cancer cluster is a statistical event, which may or may not have a cause other than chance. There are other cancer clusters that occur without any obvious source of carcinogens.
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6"
|-
! colspan="6" align="center" | <font size=4>North America</font>
|- align="center"
| '''Date'''
| '''Disease'''
| '''Location'''
| '''Number'''
| '''Source'''
| '''Refs'''
|- align="left"
| [[1917]]-[[1927]]
| [[Osteosarcoma]]
| [[New Jersey]], [[Connecticut]], [[Illinois]]
| 86
| [[Radium]]
| {{fn|1}} {{fn|2}}
|- align="left"
| [[1938]]-[[1971]]
| [[Adenocarcinoma]]
| [[U.S.A.]]
| 750
| [[diethylstilbestrol]]
| {{fn|3}} {{fn|4}}
|- align="left"
| [[1963]]-[[1999]]
| [[Lung cancer]], [[Mesothelioma]]
| [[Libby, Montana]]
| 56
| [[vermiculite]]
| {{fn|5}}
|- align="left"
| [[1967]]-[[1973]]
| [[Liver]] [[angiosarcoma]] ([[Hemangiosarcoma]])
| [[Louisville, Kentucky]]
| 4
| [[Vinyl chloride|vinyl chloride monomer]]
| {{fn|6}}
|- align="left"
| [[1968]]-[[1995]]
| [[Leukemia]], [[Lymphoma]]
| [[Camp Lejeune]], [[North Carolina]]
| 103
| [[trichloroethylene]]<br>[[1,2-dichloroethylene]]<br>[[tetrachloroethylene]]<br>[[methylene chloride]]<br>[[vinyl chloride]]
| {{fn|7}}
|- align="left"
| [[1973]]-[[1982]]
| [[Brain]], [[Central nervous system|CNS]] [[cancer]]
| [[Cooke County, Texas]]
| 16-29
| '''Unknown'''
| {{fn|8}}
|- align="left"
| [[1979]]-[[1996]]
| [[Brain]], [[Central nervous system|CNS]] [[cancer]]
| [[Toms River, New Jersey]]
| 90+
| SAN trimer<br>[[styrene]]<br>[[acrylonitrile]]
| {{fn|9}} {{fn|10}} {{fn|11}}
|- align="left"
| [[1981]]-[[1986]]
| [[Leukemia]]
| [[Woburn, Massachusetts]]
| 21
| [[Chloroform]]<br> [[Tetrachloroethylene]] <br> [[Trichloroethylene]]<br> [[1,2-Dichloroethene]]<br> [[Arsenic]]
| {{fn|12}} {{fn|13}}
|- align="left"
| [[1982]]-[[1984]]
| [[Testicular cancer]]
| [[Fulton County, New York]]
| 3
| [[dimethylformamide]] (DMF)<br>[[2-ethoxyethanol]]<br>[[2-ethoxyethyl acetate]]<br>[[Butoxyethanol|2-butoxyethanol]]<br>
| {{fn|14}}
|- align="left"
| [[1987]]-[[1999]]
| [[Brain]] [[cancer]], [[Leukemia]], [[Lymphoma]]
| [[Wilmington, Massachusetts]]
| 20
| '''Unknown'''<br>[[N-nitrosodimethylamine]] (NDMA)
| {{fn|15}} {{fn|16}} {{fn|17}}
|- align="left"
| [[1997]]-[[2002]]
| [[Leukemia]], [[rhabdomyosarcoma]]
| [[Fallon, Nevada]]
| 17
| '''Unknown'''<br>[[Tungsten]]<br>Arsenic<br>[[Chlorpyrifos]]<br>DDE<br>[[Benzene]] in jet fuel
| {{fn|18}} {{fn|19}} {{fn|20}} {{fn|21}}
|}
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6"
|-
! colspan="6" align="center" | <font size=4>Europe</font>
|- align="center"
| '''Date'''
| '''Disease'''
| '''Location'''
| '''Number'''
| '''Source'''
| '''Refs'''
|- align="center"
| [[1968]]-[[1995]]
| [[Leukemia]]
| Seascale, [[Sellafield]], [[England]]
| 9
| '''Unsure'''<br>studies indicate a correlation with paternal preconceptional irradiation (PPI)
| {{fn|22}} {{fn|23}}
|- align="center"
| [[1978]]-[[1993]]
| [[Leukemia]]
| La Hague, [[Normandy]], [[France]]
| 27
| '''Unknown'''<br>(speculated to be [[tritium]])
| {{fn|24}} {{fn|25}}
|- align="center"
| [[1990]]-[[2005]]
| [[Leukemia]]
| Krümmel (Kruemmel), [[Elbmarsch]], [[Germany]]
| 16
| '''Unknown'''<br>(speculated to be [[actinide]], especially [[Plutonium]]241 of unknown origin that was found in the area or [[tritium]] from a nearby [[nuclear power]] plant)
| {{fn|26}} {{fn|27}}
|}
==Notes==
* {{fnb|1}}Grady, Denise (Oct. 8, 1998). [http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/100698sci-radium.html A Glow in the Dark, and a Lesson in Scientific Peril]. ''The New York Times''.
* {{fnb|2}}Thun, Michael J. Sinks, Thomas.(2004). What is a Cancer Cluster? ''[http://caonline.amcancersoc.org/cgi/content/full/54/5/273#SEC2 CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians]'' '''54''' (5), 273–280.
* {{fnb|3}} Jones, Lovell A. Hajek, Richard A. (1995). Effects of Estrogenic Chemicals on Development. ''[http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1995/Suppl-7/jones.html Environmental Health Perspectives]'' '''103''' (7), 63–67.
* {{fnb|4}} US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2005). [http://www.cdc.gov/DES/consumers/research/understanding_cohort.html Role of DES Cohort Studies]. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|5}} McDonald, JC. Harris, J. Armstrong, B. (2004). ''[http://oem.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/abstract/61/4/363 Occupational and Environmental Medicine]'' '''61''' (4), 363–366.
* {{fnb|6}}Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. (Feb. 7, 1997). ''[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046136.htm Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Angiosarcoma of the Liver Among Polyvinyl Chloride Workers -- Kentucky.]'' '''46''' (5), 97–101.
* {{fnb|7}}US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (Jul. 2003). [http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/lejeune/survey_full.html Survey of Childhood Cancers and Birth Defects at USMC Camp Lejeune]. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005
* {{fnb|8}}Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. (August 24, 1984). ''[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000393.htm Brain Cancer -- Texas ]'' '''33''' (33), 477–479.
* {{fnb|9}}US Environmental Protection Agency. (December 14th, 2004). ''[http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/ciba/ CIBA-GEIGY CORP]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005
* {{fnb|10}} New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Hazardous Site Health Evaluation Program, Division of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health, & US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (Sep. 1997). [http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/hhazweb/cansumm.pdf Childhood Cancer Incidence Health Consultation: A Review and Analysis of Cancer Registry Data, 1979-1995 for Dover Township (Ocean County), New Jersey]
* {{fnb|11}}NJDHSS, ATSDR. (Dec. 2001). Case-control Study of Childhood Cancers in Dover Township (Ocean County), New Jersey. ''[http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/hhazweb/case-control_pdf/Volume_I/Voli.pdf Volume 1: Summary of the Final Technical Report PDF 134KB]''. See also: ''[http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/hhazweb/dovertwp.htm Dover Township Childhood Cancer Investigation]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|12}}Massachusetts Department of Public Health and Bureau of Environmental Health Assessment. (1997). ''[http://www.mass.gov/dph/beha/cau/reports/woburn/woburn.htm BEHA Reports - Woburn, Massachusetts]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|13}}. Costas, K. Knorr, RS. Condon, SK. (Dec. 2, 2002). A case–control study of childhood leukemia in Woburn, Massachusetts: the relationship between leukemia incidence and exposure to public drinking water. ''[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_aset=B-WA-A-B-ZC-MsSAYWW-UUW-AUEYEBAABV-AUEZCAAEBV-ZVCWECCUV-ZC-U&_rdoc=7&_fmt=summary&_udi=B6V78-462BHTK-6&_coverDate=12%2F02%2F2002&_cdi=5836&_orig=search&_st=13&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=2d94c59a4331e2dede71829a2b267285 Science of The Total Environment]'' '''300''' (1-3), 23–35.
* {{fnb|14}}Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. (Feb. 24, 1989). [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001352.htm Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Testicular Cancer in Leather Workers -- Fulton County, New York]'' '''38''' (7), 105–106, 111–114.
* {{fnb|15}} Massachusetts Department of Public Health. (2002). Wilmington Childhood Cancer Study. ''[http://www.mass.gov/dph/beha/cau/reports/wilmington/wilmington.htm Bureau of Environmental Health Assessment]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|16}} Massachusetts Department of Public Health. (Aug. 2000). Letter to the Wilmington Board of Health. ''[http://www.mass.gov/dph/beha/cau/reports/wilmington/evaluation87to95.pdf Evaluation of Cancer Incidence data for the Town of Wilmington, Massachusetts 1987-1995]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|17}}Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, University of Massachusetts Lowell. (2003). ''[http://www.uml.edu/umlmainpage/umlnews/pdf/ChildhoodCancerinMassachusettsv135.7.03.pdf Toxic chemicals and childhood cancer: A review of the evidence]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|18}}National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2004). ''[http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/clusters/Fallon/default.htm Cancer Clusters - Churchill County (Fallon), Nevada Exposure Assessment]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|19}}Steinmaus, C. Lu, M. Todd, RL. Smith, AH. (2004). Probability Estimates for the Unique Childhood Leukemia Cluster in Fallon, Nevada, and Risks Near Other U.S. Military Aviation Facilities. ''[http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2004/6592/6592.html Environmental Health Perspectives]'' '''112''' (6), 766–771 .
* {{fnb|20}} U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). ''[http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/region_9.html#nevada Nevada]''. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|21}}Mullen Jr., Frank. (Feb. 27, 2005) [http://www.rgj.com/news/stories/html/2005/02/27/93272.php Scientists zero in on tungsten as Fallon cancer cause]. ''[[Reno Gazette-Journal]]''.
* {{fnb|22}}Gardner, MJ. (1991). Father's occupational exposure to radiation and the raised level of childhood leukemia near the Sellafield nuclear plant. ''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1954939 Environmental Health Perspectives]'' '''94''', 5–7.
* {{fnb|23}}Dickinson, H. Parker, L. (2002). Leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children of male Sellafield radiation workers. ''[http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/92013261/ABSTRACT International Journal of Cancer]'' '''99''' (3), 437–444.
* {{fnb|24}}Pobel, D. Viel, JF. (1997). Case-control study of leukaemia among young people near La Hague nuclear reprocessing plant: the environmental hypothesis revisited. ''[http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/314/7074/101 British Medical Journal]'' '''314''' (101).
* {{fnb|25}}Seth, A. (1997) Leukemia Clusters Near La Hague and Sellafield. ''[http://www.ieer.org/ensec/no-4/lahague.html Institute for Energy and Environmental Research]'' (4). Retrieved Jan. 31, 2005.
* {{fnb|26}}Hoffmann, W. Schmitz-Feuerhake, I. Dieckmann, Hayo (1997). A cluster of childhood leukemia near a nuclear reactor in Northern Germany. Archives Environ. Health 52 (1997) 275-280.
* {{fnb|27}}Brüske-Hohlfeld, I. et al. A cluster of childhood leukemias near two neighbouring nuclear installations in Northern Germany: prevalence of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 77 (2001) 111-116.
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine timelines|Cancer clusters]]