List of feminists 353446 221480911 2008-06-24T18:11:13Z Cailil 2058793 RVV by [[Special:Contributions/ChristopherJones III|ChristopherJones III]] {{Refimprove|date=September 2007}} {{Feminism}} This is a list of important participants in the development of [[feminism]], listed by feminist ideology. ==Early pioneers== *[[Eleanor of Aquitaine]] 12th century: believed in women's superiority over men{{Fact|date=August 2007}} *[[Bettisia Gozzadini]] (1209-1261) Held a chair in law at the University Bologna, Italy, Probably the first woman ever to hold a university post. *[[Christine de Pizan]] (1365–1430) *[[Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa]] (1486–1535), author of ''Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex''. *[[Marie Dentière]] - (c. 1495 – 1561)- Genevan Protestant theologian who called for the increased religious participation of women. *[[Jane Anger]] author of ''Her Protection for Women'' published 1589 in London. *[[Christina of Sweden]] (1626–1689), Queen *[[Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz]] (1648–1695), Mexican nun and pioneer of female education in the new world *[[Sophia Elisabet Brenner]] (1659-1724), Swedish salonist and phoet *[[Dorothea Erxleben]] (1715–1762), first female [[physician]] in [[Germany]] *[[Catharina Ahlgren]](1734-1783), Swedish journalist and feminist. *[[Thomas Paine]] (1737–1809), American Founding Father and revolutionary [http://classicliberal.tripod.com/paine/fmlsx.html]. *[[Marquis de Condorcet]] (1743–1794), Philosopher and mathematician of the French Enlightenment [http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/whm2003/condorcet0.html] *[[Abigail Adams]] (1744–1818), [[First Lady of the United States]] *[[Francisco de Miranda]] (1750–1816), Precursor of [[Latin American Independence]] and military figure of the [[French Revolution]]. *[[Anna Maria Lenngren]] (1754-1817), Swedish phoet *[[Mary Wollstonecraft]] (1759–1797), author of ''[[A Vindication of the Rights of Woman]]'' *[[Thomas Thorild]] (1759-1808), Swedish poet and feminist *[[Jane Gomeldon]] (died 1779), English essayist *[[Mary Shelley]] (1797–1851), English novelist *[[Catharine Beecher]] (1800–1878), American educator, [http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/b#a2109 author] * [[Lovisa Årberg]] (1803-1866), first female [[physician]] in [[Sweden]] * [[George Sand]] (1804–1876), French Novelist * [[John Stuart Mill]] (1806–1873), English thinker and women's rights advocate * [[Harriet Taylor Mill]] (1807–1858), English thinker [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Wtaylor.htm]. * [[Concepción Arenal]] (1820–1893), Activist, writer, thinker, pioneer and founder of the "[[Feminist Movement]]" in Spain * [[Friedrich Engels]] (1820–1895) [[Communist]] writer and thinker. Wrote [[The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State]] * [[Auguste Schmidt]], (1833-1902), Pioneer of women's education in Germany * [[Aletta Jacobs]] (1854–1929) was the first woman to complete a university course in the Netherlands and the first female physician ever. * [[Táhirih]] (1814/20–1852), Bahá'í poet, philosopher and theologian. * [[Emily Anne Eliza Shirreff]] (1814–1897) English activist and writer * [[Elizabeth Blackwell (doctor)|Elizabeth Blackwell]] (1821–1910), first female [[physician]] in the U.S.A. * [[Anna Bayerová]] (1853–1924), second [[Czechs|Czech]] female physician * [[Celia Sánchez]] (1920–1980) - participant in Cuban revolution and one of first women to comprise a combat squad during the revolution. <!--please remember to insert alphabetically--> ==First-wave feminists== ''For main article, see: [[First-wave feminism]]'' <!--please remember to insert alphabetically by surname--> *[[Jane Addams]] (1860–1935) *[[Elisabeth Altmann-Gottheiner]] (1874–1930), German university lecturer *[[Susan B. Anthony]] (1820–1906), American [[suffragette]] *[[Mary Astell]] (c. 1666 – 1731), author of "Serious Proposal to the Ladies" *[[Hubertine Auclert]] *[[Rachel Foster Avery]] *[[Marie Bashkirtseff]] *[[Simone de Beauvoir]] *[[Barbara Bodichon]] *[[Elizabeth Blackwell (doctor)|Elizabeth Blackwell]] *[[Fredrika Bremer]] *[[Ursula Mellor Bright]]<ref>‘Bright, Ursula Mellor (1835–1915)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</ref> *[[Antoinette Brown]] *[[Katherine Burdekin]] *[[Katharine Bushnell]] *[[Lucy Burns]] *[[Frances Jennings Casement]] *[[Carrie Chapman Catt]] (1859–1947), American women's rights activist *[[Alice Clark]] *[[Francis Power Cobbe]] *[[Frederick Douglass]] [http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/douglass/womens.htm] *[[Marguerite Durand]] *[[Millicent Garrett Fawcett]] *[[Margaret Fuller]] *[[Matilda Joslyn Gage]] *[[Charlotte Perkins Gilman]] *[[Emma Goldman]] *[[Olympe de Gouges]] *[[Sarah Grimke]] *[[Angelina Emily Grimke]] *[[Marianne Hainisch]] *[[Jane Ellen Harrison]] - British scholar *[[Julia Ward Howe]] *[[Marie Juchacz]] - German social reformer, feminist and Member of the Reichstag *[[Alexandra Kollontai]] *[[Louisa Lawson]] - Australian suffragist and women's rights campaigner *[[Mary Lee]] - South Australian suffragist *[[Mary Livermore]] *[[Mina Loy]] *[[Margaret Bright Lucas]]<ref>Oxford Dictionary of National Biographies</ref> *[[Rosa Luxemburg]] *[[Agnes Macphail]] - first woman elected to [[Canadian House of Commons]]; founder of the [[Elizabeth Fry Society of Canada]] *[[Priscilla Bright Mclaren]] *[[Nellie McClung]] *[[Louise Michel]], Paris Commune 1871-1880. Considered women's labor of comparable worth. *[[Else Mayer]] *[[Rosa Mayreder]] *[[Lucretia Mott]] *[[Anna Maria Mozzoni]] *[[Katti Anker Møller]] - Norwegian activist on behalf of single mothers and reproductive rights *[[Clarina I. H. Nichols]] *[[Emmeline Pankhurst]] *[[Sylvia Pankhurst]] *[[Alice Paul]] *[[Marion Phillips]] *[[Ernestine Rose]] *[[Margaret Sanger]] *[[Séverine]] *[[Elizabeth Cady Stanton]] *[[Rose Scott]] *[[Kate Sheppard]] *[[Dame Ethel Mary Smyth]] *[[Anna Garlin Spencer]] *[[Lucy Stone]] *[[Marie Stopes]] *[[Sojourner Truth]] *[[Harriet Tubman]] *[[Victoria Woodhull]] *[[Virginia Woolf]] *[[Frances Wright]] *[[Clara Zetkin]] <!--please remember to insert alphabetically by surname--> ==Second-wave feminists== ''For main article, see: [[Second-wave feminism]]'' *[[Bella Abzug]] *[[Gloria E. Anzaldúa]] *[[Ti-Grace Atkinson]] *[[Simone de Beauvoir]] *[[Lorraine Bethel]] *[[Susan Brownmiller]] *[[Charlotte Bunch]] *[[Beatrix Campbell]] *[[Thérèse Casgrain]] *[[Brett Clements]] *[[Sandra Coney]] *[[Mary Daly]] *[[Sonja Davies]] *[[Angela Davis]] *[[Heather Dean]] *[[Christine Delphy]] *[[Carol Downer]] *[[Andrea Dworkin]] *[[Cynthia Enloe]] *[[Susan Faludi]] *[[Melissa Farley]] *[[Shulamith Firestone]] *[[Clara Fraser]] *[[Jo Freeman]] *[[Marilyn French]] *[[Betty Friedan]] *[[Carol Gilligan]] *[[Germaine Greer]] *[[Carol Hanisch]] *[[Donna Haraway]] *[[Bertha Harris]] *[[Nancy Hartsock]] *[[Dorothy Hewett]] *[[Anne Guerry Hoddersen]] *[[Bell Hooks]] *[[Sheila Jeffreys]] *[[Bernice Johnson Reagon]] *[[Liz Kelly]] *[[Renate Klein]] *[[Anne Koedt]] *[[Sharon Krebs]] *[[Bonnie Kreps]] *[[Peggy Kornegger]] *[[Jacqueline Livingston]] *[[Catharine MacKinnon]] *[[Gloria Martin]] *[[Kate Millett]] *[[Robin Morgan]] *[[Ann Oakley]] *[[Griselda Pollock]] *[[Erin Pizzey]] *[[Janice Raymond]] *[[Helen Reddy]] *[[Sheila Rowbotham]] *[[Joanna Russ]] *[[Diana E. H. Russell]] *[[Kathie Sarachild]] *[[Alice Schwarzer]] *[[Lynne Segal]] *[[Kato Shidzue]] (Japan) *[[Ann Simonton]] *[[Ailbhe Smyth]] *[[Dale Spender]] *[[Gloria Steinem]] *[[Michele Wallace]] *[[Betsy Warrior]] *[[Hilary Wainwright]] *[[Melba Windoffer]] *[[Molly Yard]] ==Third-wave feminists== ''For main article, see [[Third-wave feminism]]'' *[[Barbara Kingsolver]] *[[Gloria E. Anzaldúa]] *[[Margaret Atwood]] *[[Jennifer Baumgardner]] *[[Melissa Benn]] *[[Giannina Braschi]] *[[Carrie Brownstein]] *[[Judith Butler]] *[[Lili Taylor]] *[[Susie Bright]] *[[Margaret Cho]] *[[Victor Colussi]] *[[Johanna Fateman]] *[[Ani DiFranco]] *[[Martha Davis]] *[[Donna Dresch]] *[[Corin Tucker]] *[[Betty Dodson]] *[[Maureen Dowd]] *[[Emily Haines]] *[[Kathleen Hanna]] *[[Donna Haraway]] *[[bell hooks]] *[[Joan Jett]] *[[Miranda July]] *[[Marcelle Karp]] *[[Jean Kilbourne]] *[[Rosie Malek-Yonan]] (activist and author of [http://www.thecrimsonfield.com The Crimson Field] ) *[[Inga Muscio]] *[[Kathy Najimy]] *[[Sandra Oh]] *[[Alicia Ostriker]] *[[Ellen Page]] *[[Lisa Palac]] *[[Liz Phair]] *[[Maria Raha]] *[[JD Samson]] *[[Gudrun Schyman]] *[[Joan Smith (novelist and journalist)|Joan Smith]] *[[Annie Sprinkle]] *[[Debbie Stoller]] *[[Nadine Strossen]] *[[Robin Tunney]] *[[Tobi Vail]] *[[Rebecca Walker]] *[[Natasha Walter]] *[[Kaia Wilson]] *[[Naomi Wolf]] *[[Patricia Hill Collins]] (author of ''Black Feminist Thought'') *[[Cheryl Seelholf]] (Creator of ''Gentle Spirit Magazine'') <!--please remember to insert alphabetically--> ''See also: [[Third-wave feminism]]'' ==Radical feminists== ''For main article, see [[Radical feminism]]'' *[[Redstockings]] *[[Susan Brownmiller]] *[[Nikki Craft]] (Activist from 1970 to 2006 and beyond who does not identify as 2nd or 3rd wave feminist.) *[[Mary Daly]] *[[Andrea Dworkin]] *[[Melissa Farley]] *[[Shulamith Firestone]] *[[Catharine MacKinnon]] *[[Robin Morgan]] *[[Valerie Solanas]] *[[Rote Zora]] ==Ecofeminists== For main article, see ''[[Ecofeminism]]'' *[[Carol J. Adams]] *[[Helene Aylon]] *[[Judi Bari]] *[[Bernadette Cozart]] *[[Mary Daly]] *[[Françoise d'Eaubonne]] *[[Lois Marie Gibbs]] *[[Charlotte Perkins Gilman]] *[[Susan Griffin]] *[[Monica Sjoo]] *[[Leslie Davies]] *[[Petra Kelly]] *[[Anna Kingsford]] *[[Winona LaDuke]] *[[Wangari Maathai]] *[[Maria Mies]] *[[Vandana Shiva]] *[[Charlene Spretnak]] *[[Starhawk]] <!--please remember to insert alphabetically--> ==Dissident feminists== *[[Tammy Bruce]] *[[Jean Curthoys]] *[[Donna LaFramboise]] *[[Camille Paglia]] *[[Christina Hoff Sommers]] *[[Norah Vincent]] *[[Naomi Wolf]] <!--please remember to insert alphabetically--> ==Individualist feminists== ''For main article, see [[Individualist feminism]]'' *[[Wendy Kaminer]] *[[Wendy McElroy]] *[[Carol Moore]] *[[Sarojini Sahoo]] *[[Sharon Presley]] *[[Joan Kennedy Taylor]] *[[Cathy Young]] ==Anarcho-feminists== ''For main article, see: [[Anarcha-feminism]]'' *[[Voltairine de Cleyre]] *[[Kathy Ferguson]] *[[Emma Goldman]] *[[Louise Michel]] *[[Charlotte Wilson]] *[[Erin Clements]] ==French feminists== ''For main article, see [[French feminism]]'' *[[Olympe Audouard]] *[[Hubertine Auclert]] *[[Marie Bashkirtseff]] *[[Simone de Beauvoir]] *[[Helene Cixous]] *[[Christine Delphy]] *[[Maria Deraismes]] *[[Marguerite Durand]] *[[Bracha L. Ettinger]] *[[Olympe de Gouges]] *[[Colette Guillaumin]] *[[Gyp]] *[[Luce Irigaray]] *[[Julia Kristeva]] *[[André Leo]] *[[Nicole-Claude Mathieu]] *[[Anaïs Nin]] *[[Madeleine Pelletier]] *[[Pauline Roland]] *[[Séverine]] *[[Paola Tabet]] *[[Flora Tristan]] *[[Eugenie Potonie-Pierre]] *[[Monique Wittig]] ==Jewish feminists== {{main|List of Jewish feminists}} ==Lesbian feminists== ''For main article, see: [[Lesbian feminism]]'' <!--please remember to insert alphabetically--> *[[Jeffner Allen]] *[[Susan Cavin]] *[[Margaret Cruinshank]] *[[Mary Daly]] *[[Carol Ann Duffy]] *[[Andrea Dworkin]] *[[Marilyn Frye]] *[[Bertha Harris]] *[[Sarah L. Hoagland]] *[[Sheila Jeffreys]] *[[Sonia Johnson]] *[[Jill Johnston]] *[[Audre Lorde]] *[[Robin Morgan]] *[[Maricla Moyano]] *[[Julia Penelope]] *[[Janice Raymond]] *[[Adrienne Rich]] *[[Kathy Rudy]] *[[Ruth Simpson]] *[[Barbara Smith]] *[[Ailbhe Smyth]] *[[Kerry Thompson]] (Senior Lecturer in Feminist Theory at UCL) *[[Urvashi Vaid]] *[[Susan Wolfe]] *[[Monique Wittig]] *[[Sande Zeig]] ==Muslim feminists== ''For main article, see [[Islamic feminism]]'' * [[Leila Ahmed]] * [[Qasim Amin]] * [[Benazir Bhutto]], former [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] and Chairperson of the [[Pakistan Peoples Party]] * [[Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah]] * [[Shirin Ebadi]] * [[Fatima Mernissi]] * [[Nawal el-Sadaawi]] * [[Huda Shaarawi]] * [[Kartini]] (Indonesian) * [[Irshad Manji]] * [[Asra Nomani]] * [[Azar Nafisi]] * [[Taslima Nasrin]] (secular but of Muslim origin) * [[Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim]] ==Latina feminists== ''See [[Feminist history in Latin America]]'' *[[Gloria E. Anzaldúa]] *[[Cherrie Moraga]]-One of the most influential of all time. *[[Lydia Cacho]] *[[Ana Castillo]] *[[Christina Marie Farley]]- An influential feminist who used the metaphor of her cat muldoon to depict the amnesties of human origin. *[[Linda Martín Alcoff]] ==German and German-Jewish feminists== * [[Ottilie Assing]] * [[Else Mayer]] * [[Alice Schwarzer]] * [[Helene Stöcker]] * [[Trude Weiss-Rosmarin]] * [[Clara Zetkin]] == Women's Health Feminists == * [[Barbara Seaman]] * [[Mary Howell]] * [[Alice Wolfson]] * [[Jerilynn Prior]] == Other feminists ==<!-- ?? --> * [[Mary Poppins#Mrs. Banks|Winifred Banks]] - Fictional feminist from ''[[Mary Poppins (film)|Mary Poppins]]'' (movie version only) * [[Alan Alda]] U.S. Actor (''[[M*A*S*H*]]'', (''[[The West Wing]]'') who campaigned extensively on behalf of Equal Rights Amendment in the 1970's and early 1980's. * [[Lois W. Banner]], U.S. historian * [[Annie Besant]] * [[Kurt Cobain]] self-proclaimed feminist, in defense of the song "[[Rape Me]]", which he described as "anti-rape". * [[Anti-Flag]] self proclaimed feminists. Have written songs about feminism including "Feminism is for Everyone (With a Beating Heart and Functioning Brain} * [[Flora Brovina]] * [[Tina Fey]] Actress and writer of the [[NBC]] show [[30 Rock]] * [[Juliette Frette]], American model . * [[Liz Carpenter]] one of the founders of the [[National Women's Political Caucus]] *[[Cynthia Enloe]] feminist [[International Relations]] scholar *[[Betty Ford]] *[[Sarah Michelle Gellar]], actor (''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]])'' [http://www.usaweekend.com/98_issues/981025/981025buffy.html] *[[André A. Jackson]], African diamond administrator and philanthropist *[[Aoua Keita]] *[[Gerda Lerner]] post-Marxist feminist *[[Rosa Huber]] Canadian Feminist/Activist *[[Amanda Marcotte]] American blogger and activist *[[Susan McClary]] *[[Yoko Ono]] Japanese American artist, filmmaker, and musician *[[John Lennon]] self-proclaimed feminist, along with wife Yoko Ono wrote the feminist song "[[Woman is the Nigger of the World]]" *[[Melissa McEwan]] American blogger and activist *[[Erin McPhee]] infamous, self-proclaimed feminist *[[William Moulton Marston]] *[[Martha Nussbaum]] *[[Sylvia Plath]] author of [[The Bell Jar]] *[[Katha Pollitt]], author of ''Reasonable Creatures'' *[[Sarojini Sahoo]] (born 1956) - Indian feminist writer, considered [[India]]'s equivalent of [[Simone de Beauvoir]]; writes in [[Oriya language]] ([[Orissa]] state) *[[Thomas Sankara]], author of ''Women's Liberation and the African Freedom Struggle'' (1987 speech) *[[Flora Sandes]] jingoistic female participant in Serbian conflicts during the First World War. *[[Ailbhe Smyth]], Irish feminist activist, academic *[[J. Ann Tickner]], feminist [[International Relations]] scholar *[[Joss Whedon]], writer-director, creator of ''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]]'' *[[Frances Willard (suffragist)|Frances Willard]] (1839–1898), an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist *[[Elizabeth Wurtzel]], author of Bitch and Prozac Nation *[[Kazimiera Szczuka]] - Polish feminist, journalist and critic and theoretician of the literature *[[S.U.Zanne]] - Belgian Feminist (1838–1923) <!--please remember to insert alphabetically--> ==Feminist allies== *[[Jello Biafra]], American [[punk rock]] musician and [[Green Party (United States)|Green Party]] activist. *[[Hayao Miyazaki]], Japanese anime director. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.nwhp.org/ National Women's History Project] * [http://www.fembio.org/default.shtml FemBio - Notable Women International] [[Category:Feminists|*]] [[Category:lists of social activists|Feminists]] [[de:Liste bekannter Feministinnen und Feministen]] [[et:Feministide loend]] [[no:Liste over feminister]] [[sh:Popis feministkinja]]