List of indigenous peoples
2076689
224835883
2008-07-10T17:07:09Z
Hoopes
19845
/* Central America and Mexico */
{{main|indigenous peoples}}
This is a selected list of the '''world's indigenous peoples'''. For guidelines on what should be included or excluded in this listing, see this article's [[Talk:List of indigenous peoples|Talk page]].
Note that this is a listing of peoples, groups and communities. It is not a list of ''individual persons'' who may be considered or recognised as indigenous.
This list is grouped by region, and sub-region. Note that a particular group may warrant listing under more than one region, either because the group is distributed in more than one region (example: [[Inuit]] in North America and eastern Russia), or there may be some overlap of the regions themselves (that is, the boundaries of each region are not always clear and some locations may commonly be associated with more than one region).
{{Earth Labelled Map|float=centre}}
== Africa ==
{{main|Indigenous peoples of Africa}}
''The continent of'' '''[[Africa]]''', ''including associated islands such as [[Madagascar]], but excluding [[Arabia]].''
=== Central Africa ===
'''[[Central Africa]]''' generally includes the lands mainly of the [[Congo River]] basin, south of the [[Sahara desert|Sahara]] and west of the [[Great Rift Valley]].
* '''[[Pygmy|Pygmy peoples]]:''' Central and Western Africa
=== East Africa ===
'''[[East Africa]]''' generally includes the [[Horn of Africa]] region and (parts of) surrounding countries.
* '''[[Acholi]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Afar people|Afar]]:''' [[Djibouti]], [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Agaw]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Akisho]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Alur]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Ambo]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Amhara]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Ankole]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Anuak]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Antalote]]:''' [[Comoros]]
* '''[[Arap]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Aushi]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Aw-Qutub]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Ayoup]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Baganda]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Bagisu]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Bagwere]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Bakiga]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Bakonjo]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Bajuni people|Bajuni]]:''' [[Somalia]]
* '''[[Basoga]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Batoro]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Beja]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Bemba]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Benadiri people|Benadiri]] (Reer Hamar):''' [[Somalia]]
* '''[[Bertat]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Betsileo]]:''' [[Madagascar]]
* '''[[Bilen people|Bilen]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Bisa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Borana]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Barawa|Bravanese]]:''' [[Somalia]]
* '''[[Bunyoro]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Daasanach]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Cafre]]:''' [[Comoros]]
* '''[[Chagga]]:''' [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Chewa]]:''' [[Malawi]]
* '''[[Chikunda]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Chokwe]]:''' [[Mozambique]], [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Chopi]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Cishinga]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Dir (clan)]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Dorze]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Gadabuursi]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Garhajis]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Garre]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Gova]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Gumuz]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Gurage]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Habar Tol Jaalo]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Hamer people]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Haya]]:''' [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Hedareb people|Hedareb]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Hehe]]:''' [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Hutu]]:''' [[Burundi]], [[Rwanda]]
* '''[[Ila]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Inamwanga]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Irir Samaale]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Iteso]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Iwa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Jeberti]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Jopadhola]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Kabende]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Kalenjin]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Kamba]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Kaonde]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Karamojong]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Kichepo]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Kikuyu]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Kisii]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Kosa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Kunama people|Kunama]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Kunda]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Kwandi]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Kwandu]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Kwangwa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lala]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lamba]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lango]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Legas]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Lenje]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Leya]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lima]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Liyuwa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lomwe]]:''' [[Malawi]]
* '''[[Lozi]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Luano]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lucazi]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lugbara]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Luhya]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Lumbu]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lunda]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lundwe]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Lungu]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Luo]]:''' [[Kenya]], [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Luvale]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Luunda]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Maasai]]:''' [[Kenya]] and [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Makoa]]:''' [[Comoros]]
* '''[[Makoma]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Makonde]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Makua]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Mambwe]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Manyika]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Marehan]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Mashasha]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mashi]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mbowe]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mbukushu]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mbumi]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mbunda]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mbwela]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Surma people|Me'en]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Merina]]:''' [[Madagascar]]
* '''[[Meru]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Mukulu]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Mulonga]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Munyoyaya]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Mursi]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Nara people|Nara]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Ndau]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Ndembu]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Ng'umbo]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Ngonde]]:''' [[Malawi]]
* '''[[Ngoni people|Ngoni]]:''' [[Malawi]]
* '''[[Nguni]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Nkoya]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Nsenga]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Nuba]]:''' [[Sudan]]
* '''[[Nubians]]:''' [[Sudan]]
* '''[[Nuer]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Nyakyusa]]:''' [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Nyamwezi]]:''' [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Nyangatom]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Nyanja]]:''' [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Nyengo]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Nyiha]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Ogaden (clan)]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Ogiek]]:''' [[Kenya]]
* '''[[Oimatsaha]]:''' [[Comoros]]
* '''[[Oromo]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Qemant]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Rahanweyn]]:''' [[Somalia]]
* '''[[Rashaida people|Rashaida]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Rer Bare]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Rundi]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Rwanda]]:''' [[Uganda]]
* '''[[Saho people|Saho]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Sakalava]]:''' [[Comoros]]
* '''[[Sala]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Seba]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Sena]]:''' [[Malawi]], [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Senga]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Shangana]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Shanjo]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Shanqella]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Sheikhaal]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Shila]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Shona]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Sidama people]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Simaa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Soli]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Somali people|Somali]]:''' [[Somalia]], [[Djibouti]], [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Subiya]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Sukuma]]:''' [[Tanzania]]
* '''[[Surma people|Suri]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Swaka]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Tabwa]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Tambo]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Tigre people|Tigre]]:''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Tigray-Tigrinya people]] (Tigrinya):''' [[Eritrea]]
* '''[[Tigray-Tigrinya people]] (Tigray):''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Toka]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Totela]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Tumbuka]]:''' [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Tirma]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Tonga]]:''' [[Malawi]], [[Mozambique]], [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Tutsi]]:''' [[Burundi]], [[Rwanda]]
* '''[[Twa]], ([[Pygmy]]):''' [[Burundi]], [[Rwanda]], [[Zambia]],[[Uganda]]
* '''[[Unga]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Wandya]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Welayta people|Welayta]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Welega Oromo]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Yao (ethnic group in Africa)|Yao]]:''' [[Malawi]], [[Mozambique]]
* '''[[Yombe]]:''' [[Zambia]]
* '''[[Zay people|Zay]]:''' [[Ethiopia]]
* '''[[Zulu]]:''' [[Mozambique]]
=== North Africa ===
'''[[North Africa]]''' generally includes African countries with borders on the [[Mediterranean Sea]] and northern [[Red Sea]] and [[Atlantic Ocean]], bounded largely by the [[Sahara Desert]] to the south.
* '''[[Berber people|Berber (or Amazigh)]]:''' ([[Morocco]], [[Tunisia]], [[Algeria]], [[Libya]])
** '''[[Tuareg]]:''' (southern Sahara and Sahel regions of [[Algeria]], [[Libya]], [[Morocco]])
=== Southern Africa ===
'''[[Southern Africa]]''' generally includes lands from the [[Cape of Good Hope]] northwards to the borders of [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] and [[Tanzania]], and islands such as [[Madagascar]].
* '''[[Bushmen]]:''' [[Kalahari Desert]], [[Botswana]]/[[Namibia]]
* '''[[Khoikhoi]]:''' [[South Africa]]
* '''[[Namaqua]]:''' [[South Africa]]
=== West Africa ===
'''[[West Africa]]''' generally includes the region bounded by the [[Sahara Desert]] to the north and the [[Gulf of Guinea]] to the south.
*'''[[Baka (nomadic Central African people)|Baka]]:''' [[Cameroon]], [[Congo (Brazzaville)]], [[Gabon]], and [[Central African Republic]]
*'''[[Balengue]]:''' [[Equatorial Guinea]]
*'''[[Benga]]:''' [[Equatorial Guinea]]
*'''[[Bubi]]:''' [[Bioko Island]], [[Equatorial Guinea]]
*'''[[Bujeba]]:''' [[Equatorial Guinea]]
*'''[[Combe]] or [[Ndowe]]:''' [[Equatorial Guinea]]
*'''[[Duala people]]:''' [[Cameroon]]
*'''[[Fang]]:''' [[Equatorial Guinea]]
*'''[[Ogoni people]]:''' [[Nigeria]]
*'''[[Tuareg]]:''' the [[Sahel]]
*'''[[Toubou]]:''' southern [[Sahara]]
== Americas ==
'''the [[Americas]]''' ''is the continent (or supercontinent) comprising [[North America|North]] and [[South America]], and associated islands.''
{{Main|Indigenous peoples of the Americas}}
{{see|List of Native American Tribal Entities}}
=== The Caribbean ===
'''the [[Caribbean]]''', or '''West Indies''', generally includes the island chains of the [[Caribbean Sea]].
*'''[[Taíno]]:''' [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Amerindians]] who inhabited the Caribbean island of [[Hispanola]], of Arawakan descent.
*'''[[Galibi]]'''
*'''[[Neo-Taíno nations]]''' Some scholars distinguish between the [[Taíno]] and Neo-Taíno groups. Neo-Taíno groups were also [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Amerindians]] of the Antilles islands, but had distinctive languages and cultural practices that differed from the ''High Taíno''.<ref>Rouse, Irving 1992. The Tainos. Rise and Decline of the People Who Greeted Columbus. Yale University Press. New Haven and London.</ref> These groups include;
**'''[[Ciboney]]:''' a term preferred in Cuban historical texts for the neo-Taino-Siboney nations of the island of Cuba.
**'''[[Ciguayo]]'''. Eastern [[Hispaniola]].
**'''[[Lucaya]]'''. Based in [[Cuba]] and the [[Bahamas]].
**'''[[Macorix]]'''. [[Hispaniola]].
**'''[[Guanahatabey]]'''. Far Western [[Cuba]], at the [[Guanahacabibes Peninsula]].
**'''[[Eyeri]]''' Often called [[Carib]].
=== Central America and [[Mexico]]===
'''[[Central America]]''' generally includes the part of the North American (sub-)contintent from southern [[Mexico]] to and including [[Panama]], this section includes indigenous peoples of Mexico.
*'''[[Achi']]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Amuzgo]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Bribri]]''' ([[Costa Rica]])
* '''[[Chochotec|Chocho]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
* '''[[Cocopa]]''' ([[Baja California]], [[Mexico]])
* '''[[Guarijío]]''' ([[Sonora]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Garífuna]]''' ([[Belize]] and [[Honduras]])
* '''[[Kickapoo|Kikapú]]''' ([[Coahuila]], [[Mexico]])
* '''[[Paipai]]''' ([[Baja California]], [[Mexico]])
* '''[[Tepehuán]]''' ([[Chihuahua]] and [[Durango]], [[Mexico]])
* '''[[Tequistlatecan|Chontal de Oaxaca]]''' (Tequistlatecan people of [[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Chatino]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Chichimeca Jonaz]]''' ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Chinantec]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Ch'ol]]''' (Mayan language of [[Chiapas]] [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Chorotega]]''' ([[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], and [[Costa Rica]])
*'''[[Ch'orti' people]]''' (Mayan people of [[El Salvador]])
*'''[[Chontal Maya people|Chontal Maya]]''' (Mayan language of [[Tabasco]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Chuj]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Cochimi|Cochimí]]''' ([[Baja California]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Cora People]]''' ([[Jalisco]] and [[Nayarit]] [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Cuicatec]]'''([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Huastec people]]''' ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Huave]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Huichol language]]''' ([[Jalisco]] and [[Nayarit]] [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Itza]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Ixcatec]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Ixil]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Jakaltek people]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]] - also called Poptí)
*'''[[Jicaque|Tolupan]]''' ([[Honduras]])
*'''[[Kaqchikel]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[K'iche']]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Kiliwa]]''' ([[Baja California]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Kumeyaay]]''' ([[Baja California]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Kuna (people)]]''' ([[Panama]])
*'''[[Lacandón]]''' ([[Chiapas]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Lenca people|Lenca]]''' ([[Honduras]] and [[El Salvador]])
*'''[[Maleku]]''' ([Costa Rica]])
*'''[[Mam people]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Matlatzinca]]''' ([[Mexico (state)]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Mayo people]]''' ([[Sonora]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Mazahua]]''' ([[Mexico (state)]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Mazatec]]''' ([[Puebla]] and [[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Mexicanero]]''' ([[Durango]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Miskito]]''' ([[Honduras]] and [[Nicaragua]])
*'''[[Mixe]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Mixtec]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Mopan Maya]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]] and [[Belize]])
*'''[[Nahua]]''' ([[Mexico]])
*'''[[Pame]]''' ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Pech people|Pech]]''' ([[Honduras]])
*'''[[Pima Bajo]]''' ([[Chihuahua]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Popoloca]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], and [[Puebla]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Poqomchi']]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Poqomam]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[P'urhépecha]]''' ([[Michoacan]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Q'anjob'al]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Q'eqchi']]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Rama (people)]]''' [[Nicaragua]]
*'''[[Seri]]''' ([[Sonora]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Sumo (people)]]''' ([[Nicaragua]])
*'''[[Tarahumara]]''' ([[Chihuahua]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Tlapanec people]]''' ('''Me'phaa''') ([[Guerrero]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Tojolabal]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Totonac]]''' ([[Veracruz]] and [[Puebla]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Trique]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Tzeltal]]''' ([[Chiapas]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Tzotzil]]''' ([[Chiapas]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Tz'utujil]]''' (Mayan people of [[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Xinca people]]''' ([[Guatemala]])
*'''[[Yaqui]]''' ([[Sonora]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Yucatec Maya]]''' ([[Yucatán]], [[Quintana Roo]] and [[Campeche]] [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Zapotec people]]''' ([[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]])
*'''[[Zoque]]''' ([[Oaxaca]] and [[Chiapas]] [[Mexico]])
=== North America ===
'''[[North America]]''' generally includes [[Greenland]], [[Canada]], the [[United States]], [[Mexico]], and the eastern [[Aleutian Islands]].
* '''[[Haida]]:''' the [[Pacific]] north-west coast
* '''[[Nuu-chah-nulth]]:''' the [[Pacific]] north-west coast
* '''[[Innu]]:''' [[Labrador]]/[[Quebec]], [[Canada]])
* '''[[Inuit]]:''' [[Russia]]/[[Alaska]]/[[Canada]]/[[Greenland]]
* '''[[Native Americans in the United States]]:''' [[United States|United States of America]], [[Mexico]]
*''' [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal peoples]]''' of [[Canada]]
* '''[[Secwepemc]]:''' [[British Columbia]], [[Canada]]
* '''[[St'at'imc]]:''' [[Lillooet]], [[British Columbia]], [[Canada]]
* '''[[Tsimshian]]:''' [[British Columbia]]
=== South America ===
'''[[South America]]''' generally includes all of the (sub-)continent and islands south of the [[Isthmus of Panama]].[[Image:Urarina shaman B Dean.jpg|thumb|right|Urarina [[shaman]], 1988]]
* '''[[Asháninka]]:''' [[Peru]]
* '''[[Awá]]:''' eastern [[Amazon rainforest|Amazonian rainforest]], [[Brazil]]
* '''[[Ayoreo]]:''' the [[Chaco]], [[Paraguay]]/[[Bolivia]]
* '''[[Bora]]:''' [[Colombia]]/[[Peru]]
* '''[[Bororo people|Bororo]]:''' [[Mato Grosso]], [[Brazil]]
* '''[[Chayahuita]]:''' [[Loreto]], [[Peru]]
* '''[[Cocama-Cocamilla]]:''' [[Loreto]], [[Peru]]
* '''[[Embera]]:''' [[Colombia]]/[[Panamá]]
* '''[[Enxet]]:''' [[Paraguay]]
* '''[[Jivaroan]]:''' [[Loreto]] and [[San Martín]], [[Peru]]
* '''[[Guaraní]]:''' [[Paraguay]], [[Brazil]], [[Bolivia]] and [[Argentina]]
* '''[[Korubu]]:''' [[Brazil]]
* '''[[Kuna people|Kuna]]:''' [[Panama]]
* '''[[Makuxi]]:''' [[Brazil]]/[[Guyana]]
* '''[[Mapuche]]:''' [[Chile]]/[[Argentina]]
* '''[[Matis]]:''' [[Brazil]]/[[Peru]]
* '''[[Matsés]]:''' [[Brazil]]/[[Peru]]
* '''[[Nukak]]:''' [[Colombia]]
* '''[[Páez|Nasa]]:''' [[Colombia]]
* '''[[Secoya]]:''' [[Loreto]], [[Peru]]/[[Ecuador]]
* '''[[Tapirape]]:''' [[Brazil]]
* '''[[Ticuna]]:''' [[Brazil]]/[[Peru]]/[[Colombia]]
* '''[[Tukano]]:''' [[Colombia]]
* '''[[Tupi people|Tupi]]:''' [[Paraguay]], [[Brazil]], [[Bolivia]], [[Peru]] and [[Argentina]]
* '''[[Urarina]]:''' [[Chambira Basin]], [[Loreto]] [[Peru]]
* '''[[U'wa]]:''' [[Colombia]]
* '''[[Yora]]:''' [[Amazon rainforest]], southeast [[Peru]]
* '''[[Wichí]]:''' the [[Chaco]], [[Argentina]]/[[Bolivia]]
* '''[[Warao]]:''' of [[Venezuela]]'s [[Orinoco River]] delta region.
* '''[[Wayuu]]''' [[Venezuela]]/[[Colombia]]
== Asia ==
''The (sub-)continent of'' '''[[Asia]]''', ''including related islands, the [[Indian subcontinent]], [[Central Asian Republics]], the [[Middle East]] and [[Arabia]].''
=== Central Asia ===
'''[[Central Asia]]''' generally includes the landlocked region east of the [[Caspian Sea]], south of the Russian [[Taiga]], to the [[Himalaya]]s, and extending eastwards to [[Mongolia]] and the western [[Province of China|Chinese provinces]] and autonomous regions.
* '''[[Tibetan people|Tibetans]]:''' Central Asia
=== East Asia ===
'''[[East Asia]]''' generally includes the [[People's Republic of China]] (except perhaps province of [[Qinghai]] and the western autonomous regions of [[Tibet]] and [[Xinjiang]]), the [[Korean Peninsula]], and the associated [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] islands, principally [[Japan]] and [[Taiwan]].
* '''[[Ainu people|Ainu]]:''' [[Japan]], and (until the end of [[World War II]]) on [[Sakhalin]] Island, [[Russia]]
* '''[[Ryukyuans]]:''' [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]], now Japan
* '''[[Taiwanese aborigine]]s:''' the island of [[Taiwan]]
** main ethnic groups
** '''[[Ami people|Ami]]
** '''[[Atayal people|Atayal]]
** '''[[Bunun people|Bunun]]
** '''[[Kavalan people|Kavalan]]
** '''[[Paiwan people|Paiwan]]
** '''[[Puyuma people|Puyuma]]
** '''[[Rukai people|Rukai]]
** '''[[Saisiyat people|Saisiyat]]
** '''[[Tao people|Tao]]
** '''[[Thao people|Thao]]
** '''[[Tsou people|Tsou]]
** '''[[Truku people|Truku]]
=== North Asia ===
'''[[North Asia]]''' generally includes the [[Russian Far East]] and the northern and eastern parts of [[Siberia]].
* '''[[Northern indigenous peoples of Russia]]:''' ''over 40 distinct peoples, each with their own language and culture'' in [[Siberia]] and [[Russia]]
* '''[[Sakha]]:'''
* '''[[Tuvans]]:'''
* '''[[Altay people|Altayans]]:''' Titular nation of [[Altai Republic]]
* '''[[Buryats]]:'''
* '''[[Khakas]]:'''
* '''[[Tungus]]:'''
=== South Asia ===
'''[[South Asia]]''' generally includes the [[Indian subcontinent]]al region, the [[Himalayan states]] and related islands of the [[Indian Ocean]].
* '''[[Adivasi]]:''' collective term for many indigenous peoples in [[India]] (''see also'' [[List of Scheduled Tribes in India]])
**'''[[Kisan Tribals]]:''' indigenous peoples of the [[Orissa Sundergarh]], [[India]] :
**'''[[Andamanese]]:''' indigenous peoples of the [[Andaman Islands]], [[India]] which include:
*** '''[[Great Andamanese]]:''' formerly at least 10 distinct groups living throughout [[Great Andaman]], now confined to a single community on [[Strait Island]], Andaman Is.
*** '''[[Jarawa (Andaman Islands)|Jarawa]]:''' [[South Andaman]] and [[Middle Andaman]]
*** '''[[Onge people|Onge]]:''' [[Little Andaman]]
*** '''[[Jangil|Jangil (Rutland Jarawa)]]:''' now extinct, formerly of [[Rutland Island]], Andamans
*** '''[[Sentinelese]]:''' [[North Sentinel Island]], Andaman Is.
**'''[[Nicobari]]:''' [[Nicobar Islands]], India
**'''[[Shompen]]:''' [[Nicobar Islands]], India
*'''[[Wanniyala-Aetto]]''', Sri Lanka.
* '''[[Naga (people)|Naga]]:''' north-east [[India]]
* '''[[Kalasha of Chitral]]:''' Ancient pre-Muslim ethnic minority in [[Chitral District]], [[Northern Pakistan]]
=== Southeast Asia ===
'''[[Southeast Asia]]''' generally includes the mainland region sometimes known as [[Indochina]], and the [[Malay archipelago]].
* '''[[Bajau]]:''' [[Borneo]] and the [[Sulu Archipelago]] (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines)
* '''[[Akha]]:''' The Akha of Thailand, Laos, Myamar and China [[South East Asia]]
* '''[[Degar]]:''' The Montagnards of [[mainland South East Asia]]
* '''[[Igorot]]:''' [[Cordillera Administrative Region|Cordillera mountains]] in [[Luzon]] in the Philippines.
* '''[[Lumad]]:''' [[Mindanao]] in the [[Philippines]]
* '''[[Mangyan]]:''' [[Mindoro]] in the [[Philippines]]
* ''' [[Negrito]]''': [[Southeast Asia]], includes the [[Semang]] of the [[Malay peninsula]], the [[Aeta]] of [[Luzon]], the [[Ati (tribe)|Ati]] of [[Panay]], the [[Mani people|Mani]] of [[Thailand]], and the [[Andamanese]]. Also called ''orang asli'' or ''original people'' in the [[Malay language|Malay]].
* '''[[Penan]]:''' [[Sarawak]], [[Malaysia]]
* '''[[Proto-Malay|Sakai]]:''' [[Malay peninsula]], distinct from Negritos
* '''[[Ethnic Groups of Palawan|Tribes of Palawan]]:''' [[Palawan]], Philippines
* '''[[Hmong]]
=== Southwest Asia ===
'''[[Southwest Asia]]''' generally includes the region (formerly [[Persian Empire|Persia]]) westwards of [[Pakistan]], the [[Arabia]]n peninsula, the [[Middle East]], the [[Levant], [[Mesopotamia]], the [[Caucasus]] region and [[Anatolia]].
* '''[[Aramean-Syriac people]]''', [[Christian]] [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]-speaking minority inhabiting northeastern [[Syria]], southeastern [[Turkey]] and [[Lebanon]].
* '''[[Assyrians]]''', the [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]-speaking minority inhabiting northern [[Iraq]] ([[Assyrian homeland]]), northeastern [[Syria]], southeastern [[Turkey]], and northwestern [[Iran]].
== Circumpolar North ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Reindeer]] -->
The '''[[Circumpolar Arctic|Circumpolar North]]''' generally includes the lands surrounding the [[Arctic Circle]].
*'''[[Evenks]]'''
*'''[[Inuit]]:''' [[Greenland]], Northern [[Canada]] ([[Nunavut]] and [[Northwest Territories]]), [[Alaska]], [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]] (Russia)
*'''[[Koryaks]]'''
*'''[[Nenets]]'''
*'''[[Khanty]]'''
*'''[[Chukchi people|Chukchi]]
*'''[[Sami people|Sami]]:''' Northern [[Norway]], [[Sweden]], [[Finland]], and [[Kola peninsula]] in Russia
*'''[[Yukaghirs]]'''
== Europe ==
'''[[Europe]]''' generally refers to the mass of the [[Eurasia]]n peninsula westwards of the [[Ural Mountains]], the islands of the [[Mediterranean Sea]] and North [[Atlantic Ocean]].
* '''[[Basque people|Basques]]:''' Northern [[Spain]] and Southern [[France]]
* '''[[Crimean Karaites]]:''' [[Crimea]]n Peninsula in Southern [[Ukraine]]
* '''[[Crimean Tatars]]:''' [[Crimea]]n Peninsula in Southern [[Ukraine]]
* '''[[Krymchaks]]:''' [[Crimea]]n Peninsula in Southern [[Ukraine]]
* '''[[Izhorians]]:''' Northwest of [[Russia]]
* '''[[Komi peoples|Komi]]:''' [[Komi Republic]] in Northeast of European [[Russia]]
* '''[[Nenets people|Nenets]]:''' Northeastern part of European [[Russia]]
* '''[[Sami people|Sami]]:''' Northern [[Norway]], [[Sweden]], [[Finland]] and [[Kola peninsula]] in the Northwest of [[Russia]]
* '''[[Veps]]:''' [[Republic of Karelia]], Northwest of [[Russia]]
== Oceania ==
'''[[Oceania]]''' ''includes most islands of the [[Pacific Ocean]], [[New Guinea]] and the continent of [[Australia]].''
=== Australia ===
'''[[Australia]]''' includes the continental landmass, and associated islands.
* '''[[Indigenous Australians]]:''' [[Australia]]
** '''[[Torres Strait Islander]]s:''' [[Australia]]
{{See|List of Indigenous Australian group names}}
=== Melanesian ===
'''[[Melanesian]]''' generally includes [[New Guinea]] and other (far-)western Pacific islands from the [[Arafura Sea]] out to [[Fiji]].
* '''[[Papuans]]:''' ''more than 250 distinct tribes or clans, each with their own language and culture''. The main island of [[New Guinea]] and surrounding islands (territory forming independent state of [[Papua New Guinea]] and the [[Indonesia]]n provinces of [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]] and [[Papua (Indonesian province)|Papua]] Considered "Indigenous" these people are a subject to many debates.
**'''[[Wopkaimin]]:''' western PNG, [[Star Mountains]].
=== Micronesia ===
'''[[Micronesia]]''' generally includes the various small island chains of the western and central Pacific.
*'''[[Chamorros]]:''' [[Guam]], [[Northern Marianas]]
=== Polynesia ===
'''[[Polynesia]]''' generally includes [[New Zealand]] and thus islands of the central and southern Pacific Oceans
* '''[[Kanaka Maoli]]:''' [[Hawai'i]]
* '''[[Maohi]]:''' [[Tahiti]]
* '''[[Māori]]:''' [[Aotearoa]] ([[New Zealand]])
* '''[[Moriori]]:''' [[Chatham Islands]]
* '''[[Rarotongan]]:''' [[Rarotonga]]
* '''[[Samoan]]:''' [[Samoa]], [[American Samoa]]
* '''[[Fijian people|Fijian]]:''' [[Fiji]]
* '''[[Tongan]]:''' [[Tonga]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==See also==
*'''[[Tribe]]
*'''[[Nomad]]
*'''[[Civilization]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples|List of indigenous peoples]]
[[de:Liste indigener Völker]]