List of inventors 75977 225748515 2008-07-15T05:50:22Z Dicklyon 869314 remove excess spaces This is a '''list of [[inventor]]s'''. ''See also:'' [[List of scientists]], [[Timeline of invention]], [[List of inventions named after people]], [[List of inventors killed by their own inventions]], and [[:Category:Inventors]]. ==Alphabetical list== {{compactTOC}}__NOTOC__ === A === * [[Vitaly Mikhaylovich Abalakov]], (1906-1986), [[Russia]] — [[Spring-loaded camming device|Camming devices]], Abalakov thread (or V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor. * [[Abbas Ibn Firnas]], (810-887), [[Al-Andalus|Andalusia]] — [[Glasses|eye glasses]], [[hang glider]], [[watch]] * [[Robert Adler]], (1913-2007), Austria/United States — wireless [[remote control]] * [[Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi]], (940-1000), [[Iran|Persia]] — [[sextant (astronomical)|astronomical sextant]] * [[Ibn al-Haytham|Alhacen]] (Ibn al-Haytham), (965-1039), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) or [[Iran|Persia]] — [[camera obscura]], [[pinhole camera]] * [[Muhammad al-Fazari|Al-Fazari]], (d. 796/806), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) or [[Iran|Persia]] — [[brass]] [[astrolabe]] * [[Al-Jazari]], (1136-1206), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) or [[Iran|Persia]] — [[crankshaft]], [[connecting rod]], [[crank (mechanism)|crank mechanism]], [[combination lock]], [[elephant clock]], [[Computer programming|programmable]] [[humanoid robot]]s, [[robotics]], [[reciprocating engine|reciprocating piston engine]], [[suction]] [[pump]], [[segment]]al [[gear]], [[valve]], etc. * [[Al-Khwarizmi]] (780-850), [[Iran|Persia]] — modern [[algebra]] * [[Al-Razi]] (Rhazes), (865-965), [[Iran|Persia]] — [[distillation]] and [[extraction]] methods, [[sulfuric acid]] and [[alcohol]], [[soap]] bar * [[Rostislav Alexeyev]], (1916-1980) , [[Russia]] – [[Ekranoplan]]. * [[Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili]], (9th century), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) — [[syringe]] used for [[cataract]] removal * [[Mary Anderson (inventor)|Mary Anderson]], (1866–1953), [[United States]] - [[windshield wiper]] blade * [[Archimedes]], (c. 287-212 BC), [[Greece]] — [[Archimedes screw]] * [[Ami Argand]], (1750-1803), [[France]] — [[Argand lamp]] * [[Armen Firman]], (c. 852), [[Al-Andalus|Andalusia]] — [[parachute]] * [[Edwin H. Armstrong]],(1890-1954), [[USA]] — [[FM radio]] * [[William George Armstrong]], (1810-1900), [[UK]] — [[hydraulics|hydraulic crane]] * [[Neil Arnott]], (1788-1874), [[UK]] — [[waterbed]] * [[Joseph Aspdin]], (1788-1855), [[England]] — [[Portland cement]] * [[John Vincent Atanasoff]], (1903-1995), [[United States]] — modern programmable [[computer]] === B === *[[Charles Babbage]], ([[1791]]-[[1871]]), [[UK]] — [[analytical engine]] (semi-automatic [[computer]]) *[[Roger Bacon]], ([[1214]]-[[1292]]), [[England]] — [[magnifying glass]] *[[Leo Baekeland]], ([[1863]]-[[1944]]), [[Belgian]]–[[United States|American]] — Velox photographic paper and [[Bakelite]] *[[Ralph H. Baer]], ([[1922]]-), [[Germany|German]] born [[United States|American]] — [[video game console]] *[[John Logie Baird]], ([[1888]]-[[1946]]), [[Scotland]] — an electromechanical [[television]] *[[Donat Banki]], ([[1859]]-[[1922]]), [[Hungary]] — inventor of the [[carburetor]] *[[John Bardeen]], ([[1908]]-[[1991]]), [[United States|USA]] — co-inventor of the [[transistor]] *[[Anthony R. Barringer]] Canadian – American — INPUT (Induced Pulse Transient) airborne electromagnetic system *[[Earl W. Bascom]], ([[1906]]-[[1995]]), [[Canada]] and [[United States]] — side-delivery rodeo chute, hornless rodeo saddle, [[rodeo bareback rigging]], rodeo chaps *[[Eugen Baumann]], ([[1846]]-[[1896]]), [[Germany]] — [[PVC]] *[[Trevor Baylis]], ([[1937]]-), [[UK]] — a [[wind-up radio]] *[[Francis Beaufort]], ([[1774]]-[[1857]]), [[France]] — [[Beaufort scale]] *[[Arnold O. Beckman]], ([[1900]]-[[2004]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[pH]] meter *[[Alexander Graham Bell]], ([[1847]]-[[1922]]), [[Canada]], [[Scotland]], and [[USA]] — [[telephone]] *[[Karl Benz]], ([[1844]]-[[1929]]), [[Germany]] — the petrol-powered [[automobile]] *[[Emile Berliner]], ([[1851]]-[[1929]]), [[Germany]] and [[United States|USA]] — the disc record [[gramophone]] *[[Tim Berners-Lee]], ([[1955]]-), [[UK]] — with [[Robert Cailliau]], the [[World Wide Web]] *[[Bi Sheng]] ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]:畢昇), (ca.990-[[1051]]), [[China]] — [[clay]] [[movable type]] [[printing]] *[[Laszlo Biro]], ([[1899]]-[[1985]]), [[Hungary]] — modern [[ballpoint pen]] *[[Clarence Birdseye]], ([[1886]]-[[1956]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[frozen food]] process *[[J. Stuart Blackton]], ([[1875]]-[[1941]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[stop-motion film]] *[[Otto Blathy]] ([[1860]]-[[1939]]), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of the [[transformer]], [[wattmeter]], [[alternating current]] (AC) and [[turbogenerator]] *[[Katharine B. Blodgett]], ([[1898]]-[[1979]]), [[UK]] — nonreflective [[glass]] *[[Nils Bohlin]], ([[1920]]-[[2002]]), [[Sweden]] — the three-point [[seat belt]] *[[Joseph-Armand Bombardier]], ([[1907]]-[[1964]]), [[Canada]] — [[snowmobile]] *[[Robert W. Bower]], ([[1936]]-), [[United States|USA]] — self-aligned–gate [[MOSFET]] *[[Seth Boyden]], ([[1788]]-[[1870]]), [[United States|USA]] — nail-making machine *[[Walter Houser Brattain]], ([[1902]]-[[1987]]), [[United States|USA]] — co-inventor of the [[transistor]] *[[Louis Braille]], ([[1809]]-[[1852]]), [[France]] — the [[Braille]] writing system *[[Karl Ferdinand Braun]], ([[1850]]-[[1918]]), [[Germany]] — [[cathode-ray tube]] [[oscilloscope]] *[[Harry Brearley]], ([[1871]]-[[1948]]), [[UK]] — [[stainless steel]] *[[Rachel Fuller Brown]], ([[1898]]–[[1980]]), [[USA]], [[Nystatin]], the world's first antifungal antibiotic *[[John Moses Browning]], ([[1855]]-[[1926]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[automatic handgun]] *[[Edwin Beard Budding]], ([[1795]]-[[1846]]), [[UK]] — [[lawnmower]] *[[Corliss Orville Burandt]], [[United States|USA]] — [[Variable valve timing]] === C === *[[Robert Cailliau]], ([[1947]] –), [[Belgium]] — with [[Tim Berners-Lee]], the [[World Wide Web]] *[[Cai Lun|C`ai Lun]], 蔡倫 (50 AD - 121), [[China]] — [[paper]] *[[Marvin Camras]], ([[1916]] - [[1995]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[magnetic recording]] *[[Chester Carlson]], ([[1906]] - [[1968]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Xerography]] *[[Wallace Carothers]], ([[1896]] - [[1937]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Nylon]] *[[Joseph Constantine Carpue]], ([[1764]] - [[1846]]), [[France]] — [[rhinoplasty|rhinoplastic]] surgery *[[George Cayley]], ([[1773]] - [[1857]]), ([[UK]]) — [[Wire wheels|tension-spoke wheel]]s, [[Caterpillar track]] *[[Roxey Ann Caplin]], ([[1793]] - [[1888]]) — [[Corset]]s *[[Lagari Hasan Çelebi]], (fl. 1633 - 1640), [[Turkey]] — [[rocket]] [[aircraft]] *[[Adrian Chernoff]], ([[1971]] -), [[United States|USA]] — GM Autonomy, GM [[Hy-wire]], [[Rubber Bandits]] *[[Evgeniy Chertanovskiy]], [[Russia]] - [[Skafander]] *[[Niels Christensen]] ([[1865]] - [[1952]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[O-ring]] *[[Samuel Hunter Christie]], ([[1784]] - [[1865]]), [[UK]] — [[Wheatstone bridge]] *[[Juan de la Cierva]], ([[1895]] - [[1936]]), [[Spain]] — the [[autogyro]] *[[Alexandru Ciurcu]], ([[1854]] - [[1922]]), [[Romania]] — [[Reaction engine]] *[[Georges Claude]], ([[1870]] - [[1960]]), [[France]] — [[neon lamp]] *[[Henri Coandă]], ([[1886]] - [[1972]]), [[Romania]] — [[Jet engine]] *[[Josephine Cochrane]], ([[1839]] - [[1913]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[dishwasher]] *[[Christopher Cockerell]], ([[1910]] - [[1999]]), [[UK]] — [[Hovercraft]] *[[Aeneas Coffey]], ([[1780]] - [[1852]]), [[Ireland]], heat exchanger, inventor of the [[Coffey still]] *[[George Constantinescu]], ([[1881]] - [[1965]]), [[Romania]] — [[Interrupter gear]] *[[Lloyd Groff Copeman]], ([[1865]] - [[1956]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Electric stove]] *[[Cornelis Corneliszoon]], ([[1550]] - [[1607]]), [[The Netherlands]] — [[sawmill]] *[[Jacques-Yves Cousteau|Jacques Cousteau]], ([[1910]] - [[1997]]), [[France]] — co-inventor of the [[Aqua-Lung|aqualung]] and the [[Nikonos]] underwater camera *[[Holger Crafoord]], ([[1908]] - [[1982]]), [[Sweden]] — inventor of the [[artificial kidney]] *[[Thomas Crapper]], ([[1836]] - [[1910]]), [[England]], [[plumber]]. *[[Bartolomeo Cristofori]], ([[1655]] - [[1731]]), [[Italy]] — [[piano]] *[[János Csonka]], ([[1852]] - [[1939]]), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of [[carburetor]] *[[Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot]], ([[1725]] - [[1804]]), [[France]] — first [[steam-engine|steam-powered]] road vehicle *[[William Cumberland Cruikshank]], ([[1745]] - [[1800]]), [[UK]] — [[chlorinated water]] *[[William Cullen]], ([[1710]] - [[1790]]), [[UK]] — first artificial [[refrigerator]] *[[Glenn Curtiss]], ([[1878]] - [[1930]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[ailerons]] === D === *[[Gustaf Dalén]], (1869-1937), [[Sweden]] — [[AGA cooker]]; [[Dalén light]]; [[Agamassan]] *[[Salvino D'Armate]], (?-?), [[Italy]] — credited for inventing [[eyeglasses]] in [[1284]] *[[Jacob Davis]], ([[1868]]-[[1908]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Trousers|riveted jeans]] *[[Edmund Davy]], ([[1785]]-[[1857]]), [[Ireland]] — [[acetylene]] *[[Humphry Davy]], ([[1778]]-[[1829]]), [[UK]] — [[Davy lamp|Davy miners lamp]] *[[Joseph Day]], (1855-1946), [[UK]] — the crankcase-compression [[two-stroke engine]] *[[Lee DeForest]], (1873-1961), [[United States|USA]] — [[triode]] *[[Miksa Deri]] (1854-1938), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of an improved closed-core [[transformer]], the first so called *[[James Dewar]], (1842-1923), [[UK]] — [[vacuum flask|Thermos flask]] *[[W.K. Dickson|William Kennedy Laurie Dickson]], (1860-1935), [[UK]] — motion picture camera *[[Philip Diehl (inventor)|Philip Diehl]], (1847-1913), [[United States|USA]] — [[Ceiling fan]], electric [[sewing machine]] *[[Rudolf Diesel]], (1858-1913), [[Germany]] — [[Diesel engine]] *[[William H. Dobelle]], (1943-2004), [[United States]] — first functioning artificial eye *[[Bryan Donkin]], (1768-1855), [[UK]] — print industry composition roller *[[Hub van Doorne]], (1900-1979), Netherlands, [[Variomatic]] [[continuously variable transmission]] *[[Anastase Dragomir]], (1896-1966), [[Romania]] — [[Ejection seat]] *[[Karl Drais]], (1785-1851), [[Germany]] — [[dandy horse]] ([[Draisine]]) *[[Cornelius Drebbel]], (1572-1633), [[The Netherlands]] — first navigable submarine *[[Richard Drew (Inventor)|Richard Drew]], (1899-1980), [[United States|USA]] — [[Masking tape]] *[[John Boyd Dunlop]], ([[1840]]-[[1921]]) [[UK]] — first practical [[pneumatic tyre]] *[[James Dyson]], ([[1947]]- ) [[UK]] — Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, incorporating the principles of cyclonic separation. === E === *[[George Eastman]], (1854-1932), [[United States|USA]] — [[roll film]] *[[Thomas Edison]], (1847-1931), [[United States|USA]] — [[phonograph]], commercially practical [[Incandescent light bulb|light bulb]], [[motion picture]] projector, stock ticker, [[List of Edison patents|etc]]. *[[Albert Einstein]],(1879-1955), [[Germany]] *[[Willem Einthoven]], (1860-1927), [[The Netherlands]] — the [[electrocardiogram]] *[[Rune Elmqvist]], (1857-1924), [[Sweden]] — implantable pacemaker *[[Douglas Engelbart]], (1925-), [[United States|USA]] — the [[computer mouse]] [http://eepatents.com/collection.html#006] *[[John Ericsson]], (1803-1889), [[Sweden]] — the two screw-propeller *[[Lars Magnus Ericsson]], (1846-1926), [[Sweden]] — the handheld micro telephone *[[Ole Evinrude]], (1877-1934), [[Norway]] — [[outboard motor]] === F === *[[Samuel Face]], ([[1923]]-[[2001]]), [[United States|USA]] — concrete flatness/levelness technology; [[Lightning Switch]] *[[Michael Faraday]], ([[1791]]-[[1867]]), [[England]] — electric [[transformer]] *[[Johann Maria Farina]], (1685–1766), Germany; [[Eau de Cologne]] *[[Philo Farnsworth]], ([[1906]]-[[1971]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[electronics|electronic]] [[television]] *[[James Fergason]], ([[1934]]-), [[United States|USA]] — improved [[liquid crystal display]] *[[Enrico Fermi]], ([[1901]]-[[1954]]), [[Italy]] — [[nuclear reactor]] *[[Humberto Fernández Morán]], ([[1924]]-[[1999]]), [[Venezuela]] — [[Scalpel|Diamond scalpel]], [[Microtome|Ultra microtome]] *[[Reginald Fessenden]], ([[1866]]-[[1932]]), [[Canada]] — two-way [[radio]] *[[Adolf Eugen Fick]], ([[1829]]-[[1901]]), [[Germany]] — [[contact lens]] *[[Artur Fischer (inventor)|Artur Fischer]], (1919–) [[Germany]] — fasteners including [[fischertechnik]]. *[[Gerhard Fischer]], [[Germany]]/[[United States|USA]] — [[metal detector|hand-held metal detector]] *[[Alexander Fleming]], ([[1881]]-[[1955]]), [[Scotland]] — [[penicillin]] *[[John Ambrose Fleming]], ([[1848]]-[[1945]]), [[England]] — [[vacuum tube|vacuum diode]] *[[Sandford Fleming]], ([[1827]]-[[1915]]), [[Canada]] — [[Universal Standard Time]] *[[Tommy Flowers]], ([[1905]]-[[1998]]), [[England]] — [[Colossus computer|Colossus]] an early electronic computer. *[[Jean Bernard Léon Foucault]], ([[1819]]-[[1868]]), [[France]] — [[Foucault pendulum]], [[gyroscope]], [[eddy current]] *[[Benoît Fourneyron]], ([[1802]]-[[1867]]), [[France]] — [[water turbine]] *[[John Fowler (agricultural engineer)|John Fowler]], ([[1826]]-[[1864]]), England — steam-driven ploughing engine *[[Benjamin Franklin]], ([[1706]]-[[1790]]), [[United States|USA]] — the [[lightning rod|pointed lightning rod conductor]], [[bifocals|bifocal glasses]], the [[Franklin stove]], the [[glass harmonica]] *[[Augustin-Jean Fresnel]], ([[1788]]-[[1827]]), [[France]] — [[Fresnel lens]] *[[William Friese-Greene]], ([[1855]]-[[1921]]), [[England]] — [[cinematography]] *[[Buckminster Fuller]], ([[1895]]-[[1983]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[geodesic dome]] === G === *[[Dennis Gabor]], (1900-1979), [[Hungary]] – [[holography]] *[[Boris Borisovich Galitzine]], (1862-1916), [[Russia]] – [[electromagnetism|Electromagnetic]] [[seismograph]]. *[[Elmer R. Gates]], (1859-1923), USA – foam fire extinguisher, electric loom mechanisms, magnetic & diamagnetic separators, educational toy ("box & blocks") *[[Richard J. Gatling]], (1818-1903), [[USA]] – Wheat drill; first successful Machine Gun *[[Hans Wilhelm Geiger]], (1882-1945), [[Germany]] – [[Geiger counter]] *[[Henri Giffard]], (1825-1882), [[France]] – powered [[airship]], [[injector]] *[[Heinrich Göbel]], (1818-1893), [[Germany]] – first functional incandescent lamp *[[Robert Goddard (scientist)|Robert Goddard]], (1882-1945), [[United States|USA]] – liquid fuel rocket *[[Peter Carl Goldmark]], (1906-1977), [[Hungary]] – [[vinyl record]] (LP), CBS [[color television]] *[[Charles Goodyear]], (1800-1860), [[United States|USA]] – [[vulcanization|vulcanization of rubber]] *[[Gordon Gould]], (1920-2005), [[United States|USA]] – co-inventor of [[laser]] *[[Richard Hall Gower]], (1768-1833), [[England]] – [[Transit (ship)|ship's hull and rigging]] *[[Bette Nesmith Graham]], (1924-1980), [[United States|USA]] – [[Liquid Paper]] *[[James Henry Greathead]], (1844-1896), [[South Africa]] – [[tunnel boring machine]], [[tunnelling shield]] technique *[[Chester Greenwood]], (1858-1937), [[United States|USA]] – [[Earmuffs|thermal earmuffs]] *[[James Gregory (astronomer and mathematician)|James Gregory]], (1638-1675), [[Scotland]] – [[reflecting telescope]] *[[William Robert Grove]], (1811-1896), [[Wales]] – [[fuel cell]] *[[Otto von Guericke]], (1602-1686), [[Germany]] – [[vacuum pump]], [[manometer]], [[dasymeter]], *[[Johann Gutenberg]], (c. 1390s-1468), [[Germany]] – movable type [[printing press]] *[[Samuel Guthrie (U.S. physician)|Samuel Guthrie]], (1782-1848), [[United States|USA]] – discovered [[chloroform]] === H === *[[John Hadley]], (1682-1744), [[England]] — [[octant (instrument)|Octant]] *[[Tracy Hall]], (1919- ), [[United States|USA]] — [[synthetic diamond]] *[[Christopher Hansteen]], (1783-1873), [[Norway]] — discovery of [[terrestrial magnetism]] *[[James Hargreaves]], (1720-1778), [[England]] — [[spinning jenny]] *[[John Harrison]], (1693-1776), [[England]] — [[marine chronometer]] *[[Victor Hasselblad]], (1906-1978), [[Sweden]] — invented the 6 x 6 cm [[single-lens reflex camera]] *[[Robert A. Heinlein]], (1907-1988), [[United States|USA]] — [[waterbed]] *[[Jozef Karol Hell]], (1713-1789), [[Slovakia]] — the water pillar *[[Rudolf Hell]], (1901-2002), [[Germany]] — the [[Hellschreiber]] *[[Joseph Henry]], (1797-1878), [[Scotland]]/[[United States|USA]] — electromagnetic [[relay]] *[[Hero of Alexandria|Heron]], (c. 10-70), [[Ægyptus|Roman Egypt]] — [[aeolipile]] *[[Heinrich Hertz]], (1857-1894), [[Germany]] — [[radio telegraphy]], [[electromagnetic radiation]] *[[George de Hevesy]], (1885-1966), [[Hungary]] — [[radioactive tracer]] *[[Rowland Hill (postal reformer)|Rowland Hill]], (1795-1879), [[UK]] — [[postage stamp]] *[[Felix Hoffmann]] (Bayer), (1868-1949), [[Germany]] — [[Aspirin]] *[[Herman Hollerith]], (1860-1929), [[United States|USA]] — mechanical [[tabulator]] based on [[punched cards]] *[[Nick Holonyak]], (1928- ), [[United States|USA]] — [[LED]] (Light Emitting Diode) *Joseph Hon – book index thumb notch system for dictionaries [[Patent #561888]] *[[Robert Hooke]], (1635-1703), [[England]] — [[balance wheel]], [[iris diaphragm]] *[[Erna Schneider Hoover]], (1926-), [[United States|USA]] — computerized telephone switching system *[[Frank Hornby]], (1863-1936), [[England]] — invented [[Meccano]] *[[Coenraad Johannes van Houten]], (1801-1887), [[Netherlands]] — [[cocoa powder]], [[cacao butter]], [[chocolate milk]] *[[Elias Howe]], (1819-1867), [[United States|USA]] — [[sewing machine]] *[[Christiaan Huygens]], (1629-1695), [[Netherlands]] — [[pendulum clock]] *[[John Wesley Hyatt]], (1837-1920), [[United States|USA]] — [[celluloid]] manufacturing === I === *[[Ibn Yunus]], (950-1009), [[Egypt]] — [[pendulum]] *[[Sumio Iijima]], (1939- ), [[Japan]] — [[nanotubes]] *[[János Irinyi]], (1817-1895), [[Hungary]] — noiseless [[match]] === J === *[[Karl Jatho]], (1873-1933), [[Germany]] — [[fixed-wing aircraft|aeroplane]] *[[György Jendrassik]], (1898-1954), [[Hungary]] — [[turboprop]] *[[Carl Edvard Johansson]], (1864-1943), [[Sweden]] — [[Gauge blocks]] *[[Johan Petter Johansson]], (1853-1943), [[Sweden]] — the [[pipe wrench]] and the modern [[adjustable spanner]] *[[Nancy Johnson (ice cream)|Nancy Johnson]], [[United States|USA]] — American version of the hand cranked ice cream machine in ([[1843]]) *[[Scott A. Jones]], (1960-), [[United States|USA]] — created one of the most successful versions of [[voicemail]] as well as [[ChaCha Search]], a human-assisted [[internet]] [[Web search engine|search engine]]. *[[Whitcomb Judson]], (1836-1909), [[United States|USA]] — ''[[zipper]]'' === K === *[[Dean Kamen]], (1951-), [[United States|USA]] — Invented the [[Segway HT]] scooter and the [[IBOT]] Mobility Device *[[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]], (1853-1926), [[Netherlands]] — [[helium|liquify helium]] *[[John Harvey Kellogg]], (1852-1943), [[corn flake|cornflake breakfasts]] *[[John George Kemeny]], (1926-1992), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of [[BASIC]] *[[Charles F. Kettering]], (1876-1958), [[United States|USA]] — invented automobile self-starter ignition, [[Freon]] [[Tetra ethyl lead|ethyl gasoline]] and more *[[Jack Kilby]], (1923-2005), [[United States|USA]] — patented the first [[integrated circuit]] *[[Fritz Klatte]], (1880-1934), [[Germany]] — vinyl chloride, forerunner to [[polyvinyl chloride]] *[[Margaret E. Knight]], (1838-1914), [[United States|USA]] — machine that completely constructs box-bottom brown paper bags *[[Ivan Knunyants]], (1906-1990), [[Ukraine]] — invented [[Nylon]]-6 *[[Robert Koch]], (1843-1910), Germany---- method for culturing bacteria on solid media *[[Willem Johan Kolff]], (1911-), [[Netherlands]] — artificial kidney [[hemodialysis]] machine *[[Rudolf Kompfner]], (1909–1977), [[United States|USA]] — [[Traveling-wave tube]] *[[Gleb Kotelnikov]], (1872-1944), [[Russia]] — [[knapsack]] [[parachute]] *[[Ivan Kulibin]], (1735-1818), [[Russia]] - [[Elevator]] using screw mechanisms. *[[Raymond Kurzweil]], (1948-), [[Optical character recognition]]; [[flatbed scanner]] *[[Stephanie Kwolek]], (1923-), [[United States|USA]] — [[Kevlar]] *[[John Howard Kyan]] (1774-1850), [[Ireland]] — The process of Kyanization used for wood preservation === L === *[[René Laënnec]], (1781-1826), [[France]] — [[stethoscope]] *[[Hedy Lamarr]], (1913-2000), [[Austria]] and [[United States|USA]] — [[Spread spectrum]] [[radio]] *[[Georges Lakhovsky]], (1869-1942), [[Russia]] - Multiple Wave Oscillator. *[[Edwin H. Land]], (1909-1991), [[United States|USA]] — [[Polaroid]] polarizing filters and the [[Land Camera]] *[[Samuel P. Langley]], (1834-1906), [[United States|USA]] — [[bolometer]] *[[Irving Langmuir]], (1851-1957), [[United States|USA]] — gas filled [[incandescent light bulb]], hydrogen welding *[[Lewis Latimer]], (1848-1928), — worked with [[Thomas Edison]] and patented an improved lightbulb manufacturing process *[[Gustav de Laval]], (1845-1913), [[Sweden]] — invented the milk separator and the milking machine *[[John Bennet Lawes]], (1814-1900), [[England]] — [[superphosphate]] or [[chemical fertilizer]] *[[Sergei Vasiljevich Lebedev]], (1874-1934), [[Russia]] — [[synthetic rubber]] *[[Tim Berners-Lee]], (1955- ) [[England]] — [[World Wide Web]] *[[Antoni van Leeuwenhoek]], (1632-1723), [[Netherlands]] — development of the [[microscope]] *[[Etienne Lenoir|Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir]], (1822-1900), [[Belgium]] — internal [[combustion engine]], [[motorboat]] *[[R. G. LeTourneau]], (1888-1969), [[USA]]- electric wheel, motor scraper, mobile oil drilling platform, bulldozer, cable control unit for scrapers *[[Willard Frank Libby]], (1908-1980), [[United States|USA]] — [[Radiocarbon dating]] *[[Justus von Liebig]], (1803-1873), [[Germany]] — [[nitrogen]]-based [[fertilizer]] *[[Otto Lilienthal]], (1848-1896), [[Germany]] — [[glider|air glider]] *[[Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist]], (1862-1931), [[Sweden]] — Kerosene stove operated by compressed air *[[Hans Lippershey]], (1570-1619), [[Netherlands]] — [[telescope]] *[[William Howard Livens]], (1889–1964), [[England]] — chemical warfare — [[Livens Projector]]. *[[Alexander Lodygin]], (1847-1923), [[Russia]] - [[Electrical filament]], [[incandescent light bulb]] with tungsten filament. *[[Oleg Losev]], (1903-1942), [[Russia]] — [[Light-emitting diode]]. *[[Archibald Low]], (1882-1956), [[United Kingdom|Britain]] — Pioneer of radio guidance systems *[[Auguste and Louis Lumière]], [[France]] — [[Cinématographe]] *[[Giovanni Luppis]], (1813-1875), [[Austrian Empire]] (ethnical Italian) — self-propelled [[torpedo]] === M === *[[Ma Jun]], (c. 200-265), [[China]] — [[South Pointing Chariot]] (see [[differential gear]]), [[mechanical]] [[puppet]] [[theater]], [[chain pump]]s, improved [[silk]] [[looms]] *[[Charles Macintosh]], (1766-1843), [[Scotland]] — [[waterproof]] [[raincoat]], [[life vest]] *[[Sake Dean Mahomet]], (c. 1759), [[History of India|India]] — [[shampoo]] *[[Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov]], (1896-1964), [[Russia]] - [[Maksutov telescope]]. *[[George William Manby]], (1765-1854), [[England]] — [[Fire extinguisher]] *[[Guglielmo Marconi]], (1874-1937), [[Italy]] — [[radio]] [[telegraphy]] *[[John Landis Mason]], (1826-1902), [[United States|USA]] — [[Antique fruit jar|Mason jars]] *[[Henry Maudslay]], (1771-1831), [[England]] — screw-cutting [[lathe]], bench [[micrometer]] *[[Hiram Maxim]], (1840-1916), USA born, [[England]] — First self-powered machine gun *[[James Clerk Maxwell]] (1831-1879) and [[Thomas Sutton]] [[Scotland]] — [[colour photography]] *[[Macadam|John McAdam]], (1756-1836), [[Scotland]] — improved "macadam" road surface *[[Elijah McCoy]], (1843-1929), [[Canada]] — [[Displacement lubricator]] *[[Hippolyte Mège-Mouriés]], (1817-1880), [[France]] — [[margarine]] *[[Dmitri Mendeleev]], (1834-1907), [[Russia]] - [[Periodic table]], [[pyrocollodion]]. *[[Antonio Meucci]], (1808-1889), [[Italy]] — [[telephone]] (prototype) *[[Edouard Michelin]], (1859-1940), [[France]] — [[pneumatic tyre]] *[[Pavel Molchanov]], (1893-1941), [[Russia]] - [[Radiosonde]]. *[[Jules Montenier]], (c. 1910), [[United States|USA]] — modern anti-perspirant [[deodorant]] *[[Montgolfier]] brothers, (1740-1810) and (1745-1799), [[France]] — hot-air balloon *[[John J. Montgomery]], (1858-1911), [[United States|USA]] — heavier-than-air gliders *[[Narcis Monturiol i Estarriol]], (1819-1885), [[Spain]] — steam powered [[submarine]] *[[Robert Moog]], (1934-2005), [[United States|USA]] — the [[Moog synthesizer]] *[[Samuel Morey]], (1762-1843), [[United States|USA]] — internal combustion engine *[[Garrett A. Morgan]], (1877-1963), [[United States|USA]] — inventor of the [[gas mask]], and [[traffic signal]]. *[[Samuel F. B. Morse|Samuel Morse]], (1791-1872), [[United States|USA]] — telegraph *[[William Murdoch]], (1754-1839), [[Scotland]] — [[Gas lighting]] *[[Jozef Murgas]], (1864-1929), [[Slovakia]] — inventor of the [[wireless telegraph]] (forerunner of the radio) *[[Pieter van Musschenbroek]], (1692-1761), [[Netherlands]] — [[Leyden jar]], [[pyrometer]] *[[A.J. Musselman]] inventor of the [[Coaster brake]] and the pneumatic aircraft tyre. === N === *[[John Napier]], (1550-1617), [[Scotland]] — [[logarithms]] *[[James Naismith]], (1861-1939), Canadian born, USA---- Invented Basketball, Football helmet *[[James Nasmyth]], (1808-1890), [[Scotland]] — [[steam hammer]] *[[John von Neumann]], (1903-1957), [[Hungary]] — Von Neumann [[Von Neumann architecture|computer architecture]] *[[Isaac Newton]],(1642-1727), [[England]] — reflecting telescope (which reduces [[chromatic aberration]]) *[[Nicéphore Niépce|Joseph Nicephore Niépce]], (1765-1833), [[France]] — [[photography]] *[[Jun-Ichi Nishizawa]], (1926-), [[Japan]] — [[Optical communication]] system, [[SIT/SITh (Static Induction Transistor/Thyristor)]], [[Laser diode]], [[PIN diode]] *[[Alfred Nobel]], (1833-1896), [[Sweden]] — [[dynamite]] *[[Carl Rickard Nyberg]], (1858-1939), [[Sweden]] — the [[blowtorch]] === O === *[[Wilgott Theophil Odhner|Theophil Wilgodt Odhner]], (1845–1903), [[Sweden]] — the Odhner [[Arithmometer]], a [[mechanical calculator]] *[[Hans Christian Ørsted]], (1777–1851), [[Denmark]] — [[electromagnetism]], [[aluminium]] *[[Elisha Otis]], (1811–1861), [[United States|USA]] — passenger elevator with safety device *[[William Oughtred]], (1575–1660), [[England]] — [[slide rule]] === P === *[[Helge Palmcrantz]], (1842-1880), [[Sweden]] — the multi-barrel, lever-actuated, [[machine gun]] *[[Daniel David Palmer]], (1845-1913), [[Canada]] — [[Chiropractic]] *[[Luigi Palmieri]], (1807-1896), [[Italy]] — [[seismometer]] *[[Alexander Parkes]], (1831-1890), [[England]] — [[celluloid]] *[[Charles Algernon Parsons]], (1854-1931), [[United Kingdom|British]] — [[steam turbine]] *[[Spede Pasanen]], (1930-2001), [[Finland]] — The [[ski jumping sling]] *[[Blaise Pascal]], (1623-1662), [[France]] — [[barometer]] *[[Les Paul]], (1915-), [[United States|USA]] — [[Multitrack recording]] *[[Nicolae Paulescu]], (1869 - 1931), [[Romania]] — [[Insulin]] *[[Eugen Pavel]], [[Romania]] — [[Hyper CD-ROM]] *[[Gustaf Erik Pasch]], (1788-1862), [[Sweden]] — the safety [[match]] *[[Arthur Paul Pedrick]], [[England]] — chromatically selective cat flap and others *[[John Pemberton]], (1831-1888), [[United States|USA]] — [[Coca-Cola]] *[[Slavoljub Eduard Penkala]], (1871-1922), [[Croatia]] — [[mechanical pencil]] *[[Henry Perky]], (1843-1906), [[United States|USA]] — [[Shredded wheat]] *[[Stephen Perry]], [[England]] — [[rubber band]] *[[Peter Petroff]], (1919-2004), [[Bulgaria]] — digital wrist watch, heart monitor, weather instruments *[[Fritz Pfleumer]], (1881-1945), [[Germany]] — [[Magnetic Tape]] *[[Arthur Pitney]], (1871-1933), [[United States]] — [[Postage meter]] *[[Joseph Plateau]], (1801-1883), [[Belgium]] — [[phenakistiscope]] (stroboscope) *[[Baltzar von Platen]], (1898-1984), [[Sweden]] — [[Gas absorption refrigerator|refrigerator]] *[[James Leonard Plimpton]], [[United States|USA]] — [[quad skates|roller skates]] *[[Petrache Poenaru]], (1799 - 1875), [[Romania]] — [[Fountain pen]] *[[Christopher Polhem]], (1661-1751), [[Sweden]] — the modern [[padlock]] *[[Olivia Poole]], (1889-1975), [[United States|USA]], — the Jolly Jumper baby harness *[[Alexander Stepanovich Popov]], (1859-1906), [[Russia]] - [[Lightning detector]]. *[[George Pullman]], (1831-1897), [[United States|USA]] — Pullman [[sleeping car|sleep wagon]] *[[Michael I. Pupin]], (1858-1935), [[Serbia]] — [[pupinization]] (loading coils), tunable oscillator *[[Tivadar Puskas]], (1844-1893), [[Hungary]] — [[telephone exchange]] === Q === === R === *[[Karl von Reichenbach]], (1788-1869), [[paraffin]], [[creosote|creosote oil]], [[phenol]] *[[Ira Remsen]], (1846-1927), [[United States|USA]] — [[saccharin]] *[[Josef Ressel]], (1793-1857), [[Czechoslovakia]] — ship [[propeller]] *[[Charles Francis Richter]], (1900-1985), [[United States|USA]] — [[Richter magnitude scale]] *[[John Roebuck]], (1718-1794) [[England]] — [[lead chamber process]] for sulfuric acid synthesis *[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]], (1845-1923), [[Germany]] — the [[X-ray machine]] *[[Ernő Rubik]], (1944-), [[Hungary]] — [[Rubik's cube]], [[Rubik's Magic]] and [[Rubik's Clock]] *[[Ernst Ruska]], (1906-1988), [[Germany]] — [[electron microscope]] === S === *[[Alberto Santos-Dumont]], (1873-1932), [[Brazil]] — [[airship|non-rigid airship]] and [[fixed-wing aircraft|airplane]] *[[Thomas Savery]], (1650-1715), [[England]] — [[steam engine]] *[[Adolphe Sax]], (1814-1894), [[Belgium]] — [[saxophone]] *[[Bela Schick]], (1877-1967), [[Hungary]] — [[Schick test|diphtheria test]] *[[Christian Schnabel]] (1878-1936), [[Germany|German]] — simplistic food cutleries *[[Kees A. Schouhamer Immink]] (1946- ), [[Netherlands]] — Major contributor to development of [[Compact Disc]] *[[August Schrader]], [[United States|USA]] — [[Schrader valve]] for [[Pneumatic tire]] *[[David Schwarz (aviation inventor)|David Schwarz]], (1852-1897), [[Croatia]], — rigid ship, later called [[Zeppelin]] *[[Marc Seguin]], (1786-1875), [[France]] — [[suspension bridge|wire-cable suspension bridge]] *[[Sennacherib]], (705–681 BC), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) — [[screw]] [[pump]] *[[Iwan Serrurier]], (active 1920s), [[Netherlands]]/[[United States|USA]] — inventor of the [[Moviola]] for [[film editing]]. *[[Mark Serrurier]], (190?-1988), [[United States|USA]] — [[Serrurier truss]] for [[Optical telescopes]] *[[Gerhard Sessler]], (1931-), [[Germany]] — [[electret microphone|foil electret microphone]], [[microphone#MEMS microphones|silicon microphone]] *[[Alexander Procofieff de Seversky]], 1894-1974, [[Russia]]/[[United States of America]] — Air-to-air refueling. *[[Shen Kuo]] (1031-1095), China — improved [[gnomon]], [[armillary sphere]], [[clepsydra]], and sighting tube *[[William Shockley|William Bradford Shockley]], (1910-1989), [[United States|USA]] — co-inventor of [[transistor]] *[[Henry Shrapnel]], (1761-1842), [[England]] — [[Shrapnel shell]] ammunition *[[Vladimir Shukhov]], (1853-1939), [[Russia]] - [[Shukhov cracking process]]. *[[Augustus Siebe]], (1788-1872), [[Germany]]/[[England]] — Inventor of the [[standard diving dress]] *[[Werner von Siemens]], (1816-1892), [[Germany]] — an electromechanical "dynamic" *[[Carl Wilhelm Siemens|Sir William Siemens]], (1823-1883), [[Germany]] — regenerative furnace *[[Igor Sikorsky]], (1889-1972), [[Russia]] — [[helicopter]] *[[Juanito Simon]], (1948-), [[Philippines]] — metal [[treatment]] lubricants *[[Charles Simonyi]], (1948-), [[Hungary]] — [[Hungarian notation]] *[[Isaac Singer]], (1811-1875), [[United States|USA]] — [[sewing machine]] *[[Elmer Ambrose Sperry]], (1860-1930), [[United States|USA]] — gyroscope-guided [[autopilot|automatic pilot]] *[[George Stephenson]], (1781-1848), [[England]] — [[steam locomotive]] *[[Simon Stevin]], (1548-1620), [[Netherlands]] — [[land yacht]] *[[Aurel Stodola]], (1859-1942), [[Slovakia]] — [[gas turbines]] *[[Robert Stirling|Reverend Dr Robert Stirling]] (1790-1878), [[Scotland]] — [[Stirling engine]] *[[Levi Strauss]], (1829-1902), [[United States|USA]] — blue [[jeans]] *[[John Stringfellow]], (1799-1883), [[England]] — [[fixed-wing aircraft|airplane]] *[[Almon Strowger]], (1839-1902), [[United States|USA]] — [[automatic telephone exchange]] *[[Su Song]], (1020-1101), [[China]] — first [[chain drive]] *[[Simon Sunatori]], (1959-), [[Canada]] — inventor of Sunatori Pen *[[Joseph Swan]], (1828-1914), [[England]] — [[Incandescent light bulb]] *[[Percy Spencer]], (1894-1970), [[United States|USA]] — [[microwave oven]] *[[Leó Szilárd]], (1898-1964), [[Hungary]]/[[United States|USA]] — Co-developed the [[atomic bomb]], patented the [[nuclear reactor]], catalyst of the [[Manhattan Project]] === T === *[[Bernard Tellegen]] (1900-1990), [[Netherlands]] — [[pentode]] *[[Edward Teller]], (1908-2003), [[Hungary]] — [[hydrogen bomb]] *[[Nikola Tesla]], (1856-1943), [[Serbs|Serbian]]-[[Croatia]]n-[[United States|American]] — [[Tesla Coil]], [[induction motor]], [[alternating current]] [[Polyphase system]], [[Wireless telegraphy|wireless communication]], modern [[robotics]], [[logic gate]]s, [[Tesla turbine|bladeless turbine]], [[radio]], [[VTOL|VTOL aircraft]], [[List of Tesla patents|etc.]] *[[Eric Tigerstedt]], (1887-1925), [[Finland]] — triode [[vacuum tube]] *[[Kalman Tihanyi]], (1897-1947), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of [[cathode ray tube]] and [[iconoscope]] *[[Benjamin Chew Tilghman]], (1821-1897), [[United States|USA]] — [[sandblasting]] *[[Tipu Sultan]], ([[1750]]-[[1799]]), [[India]] — [[iron]] [[rocket]] *[[Alfred Traeger]], (1895-1980), [[Australia]] — the pedal radio *[[Franc Trkman]], (1903-1978), [[Slovenia]] — electrical switches, accessories for opening windows *[[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]], (1857-1935), [[Russia]] - [[Spaceflight]]. *[[Mikhail Tsvet]], (1872-1919), [[Russia]] - [[Adsorption chromatography]]. === U === *[[Lewis Urry]], (1927-2004), [[Canada]] — long-lasting [[alkaline battery]] === V === *[[Theophilus Van Kannel]], (1841-1919), [[United States]] — [[revolving door]] ([[1888]]) *[[Louis R. Vitullo]], (1924?-2006), [[United States]] — developed the first [[Sexual assault kit|sexual assault evidence kit]] *[[Alessandro Volta]], (1745-1827), [[Italy]] — [[Battery (electricity)|battery]] *[[Faust Vrancic]], (1551-1617), [[Croatia]] — [[parachute]] === W === *[[Barnes Wallis]], (1887-1979), [[England]] — [[bouncing bomb]] *[[Robert Watson-Watt]], (1892-1973), [[Scotland]] — microwave [[radar]] *[[James Watt]], (1736-1819), [[Scotland]] — improved [[Steam engine]] *[[Thomas Wedgwood]], (1771-1805), [[England]] — first (not permanent) [[photograph]] *[[Jonas Wenström]], (1855-1893), [[Sweden]] — [[HVDC Hellsjön-Grängesberg|three-phase electrical system]] *[[George Westinghouse]], (1846-1914), [[United States|USA]] — [[Air brake (rail)]] *[[Charles Wheatstone]], (1802-1875), [[England]] — [[concertina]], [[stereoscope]], [[microphone]], [[Playfair cipher]] *[[Eli Whitney]], (1765-1825), [[United States|USA]] — the [[cotton gin]] *[[Frank Whittle]], (1907-1996), [[England]] — co-inventor of the [[jet engine]] *[[Otto Wichterle]], (1913-1989), [[Czechoslovakia]] — invented modern [[contact lenses]] *[[Paul Winchell]], (1922-2005), [[United States|USA]] — the [[artificial heart]] *[[A. Baldwin Wood]], (1879-1956), [[United States|USA]] — high volume pump *[[Granville Woods]], (1856-1910), [[United States|USA]] — the Synchronous Multiplex Railway Telegraph * The [[Wright brothers]], Orville (1871-1948) and Wilbur (1867-1912), [[United States|USA]] — [[Fixed-wing aircraft|powered airplane]] * [[Arthur Wynne]], (1862-1945), [[England]] — creator of [[crossword puzzle]] === Y === *[[Pavel Yablochkov]], (1847-1894), [[Russia]] - [[Yablochkov candle]]. *[[Hidetsugu Yagi]], (1886-1976), [[Japan]] — [[Yagi-Uda Antenna|Yagi antenna]] *[[Yi Xing]], (683-727), [[China]], invented the [[escapement]] mechanism *[[Arthur M. Young]], (1905-1995), [[United States|USA]] — the [[Bell Helicopter]] === Z === *[[Nikolay Zelinsky]], (1861-1953), [[Russia]] - The first effective filtering coal [[gas mask]] in the world. *[[Zhang Heng]], (78-139), [[China]], invented the first hydraulic-powered [[armillary sphere]] *[[Konrad Zuse]], (22. June 1910 - 18. December 1995), [[Germany]], invented the first Computer ([[Z1 (computer)|Z1]], [[Z2 (computer)|Z2]], [[Z3 (computer)|Z3]], [[Z4 (computer)|Z4]]) *[[Vladimir Zworykin]], (1889-1982), [[Russia]]/[[United States of America|USA]] - [[Iconoscope]], [[kinescope]]. ==See also== * [[Creativity techniques]] * [[The heroic theory of invention and scientific development]] [[Category:Inventors| ]] [[Category:Lists of people by occupation|Inventors]] [[Category:Inventors by nationality]] [[Category:German inventors]] [[ar:قائمة المخترعين واختراعاتهم]] [[bs:Spisak izumitelja]] [[de:Liste von Erfindern]] [[et:Rootsi teadlaste loend]] [[fa:فهرست مخترعان]] [[hi:आविष्कार और आविष्कारक]] [[nl:Lijst van uitvinders]] [[no:Liste over oppfinnere]] [[ro:Listă de inventatori]] [[sl:Seznam izumiteljev]] [[sr:Списак проналазача и изума]] [[sv:Alfabetisk lista över svenska uppfinnare och vetenskapsmän]] [[zh:发明家列表]]