List of inventors
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This is a '''list of [[inventor]]s'''.
''See also:'' [[List of scientists]], [[Timeline of invention]], [[List of inventions named after people]], [[List of inventors killed by their own inventions]], and [[:Category:Inventors]].
==Alphabetical list==
{{compactTOC}}__NOTOC__
=== A ===
* [[Vitaly Mikhaylovich Abalakov]], (1906-1986), [[Russia]] — [[Spring-loaded camming device|Camming devices]], Abalakov thread (or V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor.
* [[Abbas Ibn Firnas]], (810-887), [[Al-Andalus|Andalusia]] — [[Glasses|eye glasses]], [[hang glider]], [[watch]]
* [[Robert Adler]], (1913-2007), Austria/United States — wireless [[remote control]]
* [[Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi]], (940-1000), [[Iran|Persia]] — [[sextant (astronomical)|astronomical sextant]]
* [[Ibn al-Haytham|Alhacen]] (Ibn al-Haytham), (965-1039), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) or [[Iran|Persia]] — [[camera obscura]], [[pinhole camera]]
* [[Muhammad al-Fazari|Al-Fazari]], (d. 796/806), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) or [[Iran|Persia]] — [[brass]] [[astrolabe]]
* [[Al-Jazari]], (1136-1206), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) or [[Iran|Persia]] — [[crankshaft]], [[connecting rod]], [[crank (mechanism)|crank mechanism]], [[combination lock]], [[elephant clock]], [[Computer programming|programmable]] [[humanoid robot]]s, [[robotics]], [[reciprocating engine|reciprocating piston engine]], [[suction]] [[pump]], [[segment]]al [[gear]], [[valve]], etc.
* [[Al-Khwarizmi]] (780-850), [[Iran|Persia]] — modern [[algebra]]
* [[Al-Razi]] (Rhazes), (865-965), [[Iran|Persia]] — [[distillation]] and [[extraction]] methods, [[sulfuric acid]] and [[alcohol]], [[soap]] bar
* [[Rostislav Alexeyev]], (1916-1980) , [[Russia]] – [[Ekranoplan]].
* [[Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili]], (9th century), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) — [[syringe]] used for [[cataract]] removal
* [[Mary Anderson (inventor)|Mary Anderson]], (1866–1953), [[United States]] - [[windshield wiper]] blade
* [[Archimedes]], (c. 287-212 BC), [[Greece]] — [[Archimedes screw]]
* [[Ami Argand]], (1750-1803), [[France]] — [[Argand lamp]]
* [[Armen Firman]], (c. 852), [[Al-Andalus|Andalusia]] — [[parachute]]
* [[Edwin H. Armstrong]],(1890-1954), [[USA]] — [[FM radio]]
* [[William George Armstrong]], (1810-1900), [[UK]] — [[hydraulics|hydraulic crane]]
* [[Neil Arnott]], (1788-1874), [[UK]] — [[waterbed]]
* [[Joseph Aspdin]], (1788-1855), [[England]] — [[Portland cement]]
* [[John Vincent Atanasoff]], (1903-1995), [[United States]] — modern programmable [[computer]]
=== B ===
*[[Charles Babbage]], ([[1791]]-[[1871]]), [[UK]] — [[analytical engine]] (semi-automatic [[computer]])
*[[Roger Bacon]], ([[1214]]-[[1292]]), [[England]] — [[magnifying glass]]
*[[Leo Baekeland]], ([[1863]]-[[1944]]), [[Belgian]]–[[United States|American]] — Velox photographic paper and [[Bakelite]]
*[[Ralph H. Baer]], ([[1922]]-), [[Germany|German]] born [[United States|American]] — [[video game console]]
*[[John Logie Baird]], ([[1888]]-[[1946]]), [[Scotland]] — an electromechanical [[television]]
*[[Donat Banki]], ([[1859]]-[[1922]]), [[Hungary]] — inventor of the [[carburetor]]
*[[John Bardeen]], ([[1908]]-[[1991]]), [[United States|USA]] — co-inventor of the [[transistor]]
*[[Anthony R. Barringer]] Canadian – American — INPUT (Induced Pulse Transient) airborne electromagnetic system
*[[Earl W. Bascom]], ([[1906]]-[[1995]]), [[Canada]] and [[United States]] — side-delivery rodeo chute, hornless rodeo saddle, [[rodeo bareback rigging]], rodeo chaps
*[[Eugen Baumann]], ([[1846]]-[[1896]]), [[Germany]] — [[PVC]]
*[[Trevor Baylis]], ([[1937]]-), [[UK]] — a [[wind-up radio]]
*[[Francis Beaufort]], ([[1774]]-[[1857]]), [[France]] — [[Beaufort scale]]
*[[Arnold O. Beckman]], ([[1900]]-[[2004]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[pH]] meter
*[[Alexander Graham Bell]], ([[1847]]-[[1922]]), [[Canada]], [[Scotland]], and [[USA]] — [[telephone]]
*[[Karl Benz]], ([[1844]]-[[1929]]), [[Germany]] — the petrol-powered [[automobile]]
*[[Emile Berliner]], ([[1851]]-[[1929]]), [[Germany]] and [[United States|USA]] — the disc record [[gramophone]]
*[[Tim Berners-Lee]], ([[1955]]-), [[UK]] — with [[Robert Cailliau]], the [[World Wide Web]]
*[[Bi Sheng]] ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]:畢昇), (ca.990-[[1051]]), [[China]] — [[clay]] [[movable type]] [[printing]]
*[[Laszlo Biro]], ([[1899]]-[[1985]]), [[Hungary]] — modern [[ballpoint pen]]
*[[Clarence Birdseye]], ([[1886]]-[[1956]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[frozen food]] process
*[[J. Stuart Blackton]], ([[1875]]-[[1941]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[stop-motion film]]
*[[Otto Blathy]] ([[1860]]-[[1939]]), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of the [[transformer]], [[wattmeter]], [[alternating current]] (AC) and [[turbogenerator]]
*[[Katharine B. Blodgett]], ([[1898]]-[[1979]]), [[UK]] — nonreflective [[glass]]
*[[Nils Bohlin]], ([[1920]]-[[2002]]), [[Sweden]] — the three-point [[seat belt]]
*[[Joseph-Armand Bombardier]], ([[1907]]-[[1964]]), [[Canada]] — [[snowmobile]]
*[[Robert W. Bower]], ([[1936]]-), [[United States|USA]] — self-aligned–gate [[MOSFET]]
*[[Seth Boyden]], ([[1788]]-[[1870]]), [[United States|USA]] — nail-making machine
*[[Walter Houser Brattain]], ([[1902]]-[[1987]]), [[United States|USA]] — co-inventor of the [[transistor]]
*[[Louis Braille]], ([[1809]]-[[1852]]), [[France]] — the [[Braille]] writing system
*[[Karl Ferdinand Braun]], ([[1850]]-[[1918]]), [[Germany]] — [[cathode-ray tube]] [[oscilloscope]]
*[[Harry Brearley]], ([[1871]]-[[1948]]), [[UK]] — [[stainless steel]]
*[[Rachel Fuller Brown]], ([[1898]]–[[1980]]), [[USA]], [[Nystatin]], the world's first antifungal antibiotic
*[[John Moses Browning]], ([[1855]]-[[1926]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[automatic handgun]]
*[[Edwin Beard Budding]], ([[1795]]-[[1846]]), [[UK]] — [[lawnmower]]
*[[Corliss Orville Burandt]], [[United States|USA]] — [[Variable valve timing]]
=== C ===
*[[Robert Cailliau]], ([[1947]] –), [[Belgium]] — with [[Tim Berners-Lee]], the [[World Wide Web]]
*[[Cai Lun|C`ai Lun]], 蔡倫 (50 AD - 121), [[China]] — [[paper]]
*[[Marvin Camras]], ([[1916]] - [[1995]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[magnetic recording]]
*[[Chester Carlson]], ([[1906]] - [[1968]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Xerography]]
*[[Wallace Carothers]], ([[1896]] - [[1937]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Nylon]]
*[[Joseph Constantine Carpue]], ([[1764]] - [[1846]]), [[France]] — [[rhinoplasty|rhinoplastic]] surgery
*[[George Cayley]], ([[1773]] - [[1857]]), ([[UK]]) — [[Wire wheels|tension-spoke wheel]]s, [[Caterpillar track]]
*[[Roxey Ann Caplin]], ([[1793]] - [[1888]]) — [[Corset]]s
*[[Lagari Hasan Çelebi]], (fl. 1633 - 1640), [[Turkey]] — [[rocket]] [[aircraft]]
*[[Adrian Chernoff]], ([[1971]] -), [[United States|USA]] — GM Autonomy, GM [[Hy-wire]], [[Rubber Bandits]]
*[[Evgeniy Chertanovskiy]], [[Russia]] - [[Skafander]]
*[[Niels Christensen]] ([[1865]] - [[1952]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[O-ring]]
*[[Samuel Hunter Christie]], ([[1784]] - [[1865]]), [[UK]] — [[Wheatstone bridge]]
*[[Juan de la Cierva]], ([[1895]] - [[1936]]), [[Spain]] — the [[autogyro]]
*[[Alexandru Ciurcu]], ([[1854]] - [[1922]]), [[Romania]] — [[Reaction engine]]
*[[Georges Claude]], ([[1870]] - [[1960]]), [[France]] — [[neon lamp]]
*[[Henri Coandă]], ([[1886]] - [[1972]]), [[Romania]] — [[Jet engine]]
*[[Josephine Cochrane]], ([[1839]] - [[1913]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[dishwasher]]
*[[Christopher Cockerell]], ([[1910]] - [[1999]]), [[UK]] — [[Hovercraft]]
*[[Aeneas Coffey]], ([[1780]] - [[1852]]), [[Ireland]], heat exchanger, inventor of the [[Coffey still]]
*[[George Constantinescu]], ([[1881]] - [[1965]]), [[Romania]] — [[Interrupter gear]]
*[[Lloyd Groff Copeman]], ([[1865]] - [[1956]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Electric stove]]
*[[Cornelis Corneliszoon]], ([[1550]] - [[1607]]), [[The Netherlands]] — [[sawmill]]
*[[Jacques-Yves Cousteau|Jacques Cousteau]], ([[1910]] - [[1997]]), [[France]] — co-inventor of the [[Aqua-Lung|aqualung]] and the [[Nikonos]] underwater camera
*[[Holger Crafoord]], ([[1908]] - [[1982]]), [[Sweden]] — inventor of the [[artificial kidney]]
*[[Thomas Crapper]], ([[1836]] - [[1910]]), [[England]], [[plumber]].
*[[Bartolomeo Cristofori]], ([[1655]] - [[1731]]), [[Italy]] — [[piano]]
*[[János Csonka]], ([[1852]] - [[1939]]), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of [[carburetor]]
*[[Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot]], ([[1725]] - [[1804]]), [[France]] — first [[steam-engine|steam-powered]] road vehicle
*[[William Cumberland Cruikshank]], ([[1745]] - [[1800]]), [[UK]] — [[chlorinated water]]
*[[William Cullen]], ([[1710]] - [[1790]]), [[UK]] — first artificial [[refrigerator]]
*[[Glenn Curtiss]], ([[1878]] - [[1930]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[ailerons]]
=== D ===
*[[Gustaf Dalén]], (1869-1937), [[Sweden]] — [[AGA cooker]]; [[Dalén light]]; [[Agamassan]]
*[[Salvino D'Armate]], (?-?), [[Italy]] — credited for inventing [[eyeglasses]] in [[1284]]
*[[Jacob Davis]], ([[1868]]-[[1908]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[Trousers|riveted jeans]]
*[[Edmund Davy]], ([[1785]]-[[1857]]), [[Ireland]] — [[acetylene]]
*[[Humphry Davy]], ([[1778]]-[[1829]]), [[UK]] — [[Davy lamp|Davy miners lamp]]
*[[Joseph Day]], (1855-1946), [[UK]] — the crankcase-compression [[two-stroke engine]]
*[[Lee DeForest]], (1873-1961), [[United States|USA]] — [[triode]]
*[[Miksa Deri]] (1854-1938), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of an improved closed-core [[transformer]], the first so called
*[[James Dewar]], (1842-1923), [[UK]] — [[vacuum flask|Thermos flask]]
*[[W.K. Dickson|William Kennedy Laurie Dickson]], (1860-1935), [[UK]] — motion picture camera
*[[Philip Diehl (inventor)|Philip Diehl]], (1847-1913), [[United States|USA]] — [[Ceiling fan]], electric [[sewing machine]]
*[[Rudolf Diesel]], (1858-1913), [[Germany]] — [[Diesel engine]]
*[[William H. Dobelle]], (1943-2004), [[United States]] — first functioning artificial eye
*[[Bryan Donkin]], (1768-1855), [[UK]] — print industry composition roller
*[[Hub van Doorne]], (1900-1979), Netherlands, [[Variomatic]] [[continuously variable transmission]]
*[[Anastase Dragomir]], (1896-1966), [[Romania]] — [[Ejection seat]]
*[[Karl Drais]], (1785-1851), [[Germany]] — [[dandy horse]] ([[Draisine]])
*[[Cornelius Drebbel]], (1572-1633), [[The Netherlands]] — first navigable submarine
*[[Richard Drew (Inventor)|Richard Drew]], (1899-1980), [[United States|USA]] — [[Masking tape]]
*[[John Boyd Dunlop]], ([[1840]]-[[1921]]) [[UK]] — first practical [[pneumatic tyre]]
*[[James Dyson]], ([[1947]]- ) [[UK]] — Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, incorporating the principles of cyclonic separation.
=== E ===
*[[George Eastman]], (1854-1932), [[United States|USA]] — [[roll film]]
*[[Thomas Edison]], (1847-1931), [[United States|USA]] — [[phonograph]], commercially practical [[Incandescent light bulb|light bulb]], [[motion picture]] projector, stock ticker, [[List of Edison patents|etc]].
*[[Albert Einstein]],(1879-1955), [[Germany]]
*[[Willem Einthoven]], (1860-1927), [[The Netherlands]] — the [[electrocardiogram]]
*[[Rune Elmqvist]], (1857-1924), [[Sweden]] — implantable pacemaker
*[[Douglas Engelbart]], (1925-), [[United States|USA]] — the [[computer mouse]] [http://eepatents.com/collection.html#006]
*[[John Ericsson]], (1803-1889), [[Sweden]] — the two screw-propeller
*[[Lars Magnus Ericsson]], (1846-1926), [[Sweden]] — the handheld micro telephone
*[[Ole Evinrude]], (1877-1934), [[Norway]] — [[outboard motor]]
=== F ===
*[[Samuel Face]], ([[1923]]-[[2001]]), [[United States|USA]] — concrete flatness/levelness technology; [[Lightning Switch]]
*[[Michael Faraday]], ([[1791]]-[[1867]]), [[England]] — electric [[transformer]]
*[[Johann Maria Farina]], (1685–1766), Germany; [[Eau de Cologne]]
*[[Philo Farnsworth]], ([[1906]]-[[1971]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[electronics|electronic]] [[television]]
*[[James Fergason]], ([[1934]]-), [[United States|USA]] — improved [[liquid crystal display]]
*[[Enrico Fermi]], ([[1901]]-[[1954]]), [[Italy]] — [[nuclear reactor]]
*[[Humberto Fernández Morán]], ([[1924]]-[[1999]]), [[Venezuela]] — [[Scalpel|Diamond scalpel]], [[Microtome|Ultra microtome]]
*[[Reginald Fessenden]], ([[1866]]-[[1932]]), [[Canada]] — two-way [[radio]]
*[[Adolf Eugen Fick]], ([[1829]]-[[1901]]), [[Germany]] — [[contact lens]]
*[[Artur Fischer (inventor)|Artur Fischer]], (1919–) [[Germany]] — fasteners including [[fischertechnik]].
*[[Gerhard Fischer]], [[Germany]]/[[United States|USA]] — [[metal detector|hand-held metal detector]]
*[[Alexander Fleming]], ([[1881]]-[[1955]]), [[Scotland]] — [[penicillin]]
*[[John Ambrose Fleming]], ([[1848]]-[[1945]]), [[England]] — [[vacuum tube|vacuum diode]]
*[[Sandford Fleming]], ([[1827]]-[[1915]]), [[Canada]] — [[Universal Standard Time]]
*[[Tommy Flowers]], ([[1905]]-[[1998]]), [[England]] — [[Colossus computer|Colossus]] an early electronic computer.
*[[Jean Bernard Léon Foucault]], ([[1819]]-[[1868]]), [[France]] — [[Foucault pendulum]], [[gyroscope]], [[eddy current]]
*[[Benoît Fourneyron]], ([[1802]]-[[1867]]), [[France]] — [[water turbine]]
*[[John Fowler (agricultural engineer)|John Fowler]], ([[1826]]-[[1864]]), England — steam-driven ploughing engine
*[[Benjamin Franklin]], ([[1706]]-[[1790]]), [[United States|USA]] — the [[lightning rod|pointed lightning rod conductor]], [[bifocals|bifocal glasses]], the [[Franklin stove]], the [[glass harmonica]]
*[[Augustin-Jean Fresnel]], ([[1788]]-[[1827]]), [[France]] — [[Fresnel lens]]
*[[William Friese-Greene]], ([[1855]]-[[1921]]), [[England]] — [[cinematography]]
*[[Buckminster Fuller]], ([[1895]]-[[1983]]), [[United States|USA]] — [[geodesic dome]]
=== G ===
*[[Dennis Gabor]], (1900-1979), [[Hungary]] – [[holography]]
*[[Boris Borisovich Galitzine]], (1862-1916), [[Russia]] – [[electromagnetism|Electromagnetic]] [[seismograph]].
*[[Elmer R. Gates]], (1859-1923), USA – foam fire extinguisher, electric loom mechanisms, magnetic & diamagnetic separators, educational toy ("box & blocks")
*[[Richard J. Gatling]], (1818-1903), [[USA]] – Wheat drill; first successful Machine Gun
*[[Hans Wilhelm Geiger]], (1882-1945), [[Germany]] – [[Geiger counter]]
*[[Henri Giffard]], (1825-1882), [[France]] – powered [[airship]], [[injector]]
*[[Heinrich Göbel]], (1818-1893), [[Germany]] – first functional incandescent lamp
*[[Robert Goddard (scientist)|Robert Goddard]], (1882-1945), [[United States|USA]] – liquid fuel rocket
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]], (1906-1977), [[Hungary]] – [[vinyl record]] (LP), CBS [[color television]]
*[[Charles Goodyear]], (1800-1860), [[United States|USA]] – [[vulcanization|vulcanization of rubber]]
*[[Gordon Gould]], (1920-2005), [[United States|USA]] – co-inventor of [[laser]]
*[[Richard Hall Gower]], (1768-1833), [[England]] – [[Transit (ship)|ship's hull and rigging]]
*[[Bette Nesmith Graham]], (1924-1980), [[United States|USA]] – [[Liquid Paper]]
*[[James Henry Greathead]], (1844-1896), [[South Africa]] – [[tunnel boring machine]], [[tunnelling shield]] technique
*[[Chester Greenwood]], (1858-1937), [[United States|USA]] – [[Earmuffs|thermal earmuffs]]
*[[James Gregory (astronomer and mathematician)|James Gregory]], (1638-1675), [[Scotland]] – [[reflecting telescope]]
*[[William Robert Grove]], (1811-1896), [[Wales]] – [[fuel cell]]
*[[Otto von Guericke]], (1602-1686), [[Germany]] – [[vacuum pump]], [[manometer]], [[dasymeter]],
*[[Johann Gutenberg]], (c. 1390s-1468), [[Germany]] – movable type [[printing press]]
*[[Samuel Guthrie (U.S. physician)|Samuel Guthrie]], (1782-1848), [[United States|USA]] – discovered [[chloroform]]
=== H ===
*[[John Hadley]], (1682-1744), [[England]] — [[octant (instrument)|Octant]]
*[[Tracy Hall]], (1919- ), [[United States|USA]] — [[synthetic diamond]]
*[[Christopher Hansteen]], (1783-1873), [[Norway]] — discovery of [[terrestrial magnetism]]
*[[James Hargreaves]], (1720-1778), [[England]] — [[spinning jenny]]
*[[John Harrison]], (1693-1776), [[England]] — [[marine chronometer]]
*[[Victor Hasselblad]], (1906-1978), [[Sweden]] — invented the 6 x 6 cm [[single-lens reflex camera]]
*[[Robert A. Heinlein]], (1907-1988), [[United States|USA]] — [[waterbed]]
*[[Jozef Karol Hell]], (1713-1789), [[Slovakia]] — the water pillar
*[[Rudolf Hell]], (1901-2002), [[Germany]] — the [[Hellschreiber]]
*[[Joseph Henry]], (1797-1878), [[Scotland]]/[[United States|USA]] — electromagnetic [[relay]]
*[[Hero of Alexandria|Heron]], (c. 10-70), [[Ægyptus|Roman Egypt]] — [[aeolipile]]
*[[Heinrich Hertz]], (1857-1894), [[Germany]] — [[radio telegraphy]], [[electromagnetic radiation]]
*[[George de Hevesy]], (1885-1966), [[Hungary]] — [[radioactive tracer]]
*[[Rowland Hill (postal reformer)|Rowland Hill]], (1795-1879), [[UK]] — [[postage stamp]]
*[[Felix Hoffmann]] (Bayer), (1868-1949), [[Germany]] — [[Aspirin]]
*[[Herman Hollerith]], (1860-1929), [[United States|USA]] — mechanical [[tabulator]] based on [[punched cards]]
*[[Nick Holonyak]], (1928- ), [[United States|USA]] — [[LED]] (Light Emitting Diode)
*Joseph Hon – book index thumb notch system for dictionaries [[Patent #561888]]
*[[Robert Hooke]], (1635-1703), [[England]] — [[balance wheel]], [[iris diaphragm]]
*[[Erna Schneider Hoover]], (1926-), [[United States|USA]] — computerized telephone switching system
*[[Frank Hornby]], (1863-1936), [[England]] — invented [[Meccano]]
*[[Coenraad Johannes van Houten]], (1801-1887), [[Netherlands]] — [[cocoa powder]], [[cacao butter]], [[chocolate milk]]
*[[Elias Howe]], (1819-1867), [[United States|USA]] — [[sewing machine]]
*[[Christiaan Huygens]], (1629-1695), [[Netherlands]] — [[pendulum clock]]
*[[John Wesley Hyatt]], (1837-1920), [[United States|USA]] — [[celluloid]] manufacturing
=== I ===
*[[Ibn Yunus]], (950-1009), [[Egypt]] — [[pendulum]]
*[[Sumio Iijima]], (1939- ), [[Japan]] — [[nanotubes]]
*[[János Irinyi]], (1817-1895), [[Hungary]] — noiseless [[match]]
=== J ===
*[[Karl Jatho]], (1873-1933), [[Germany]] — [[fixed-wing aircraft|aeroplane]]
*[[György Jendrassik]], (1898-1954), [[Hungary]] — [[turboprop]]
*[[Carl Edvard Johansson]], (1864-1943), [[Sweden]] — [[Gauge blocks]]
*[[Johan Petter Johansson]], (1853-1943), [[Sweden]] — the [[pipe wrench]] and the modern [[adjustable spanner]]
*[[Nancy Johnson (ice cream)|Nancy Johnson]], [[United States|USA]] — American version of the hand cranked ice cream machine in ([[1843]])
*[[Scott A. Jones]], (1960-), [[United States|USA]] — created one of the most successful versions of [[voicemail]] as well as [[ChaCha Search]], a human-assisted [[internet]] [[Web search engine|search engine]].
*[[Whitcomb Judson]], (1836-1909), [[United States|USA]] — ''[[zipper]]''
=== K ===
*[[Dean Kamen]], (1951-), [[United States|USA]] — Invented the [[Segway HT]] scooter and the [[IBOT]] Mobility Device
*[[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]], (1853-1926), [[Netherlands]] — [[helium|liquify helium]]
*[[John Harvey Kellogg]], (1852-1943), [[corn flake|cornflake breakfasts]]
*[[John George Kemeny]], (1926-1992), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of [[BASIC]]
*[[Charles F. Kettering]], (1876-1958), [[United States|USA]] — invented automobile self-starter ignition, [[Freon]] [[Tetra ethyl lead|ethyl gasoline]] and more
*[[Jack Kilby]], (1923-2005), [[United States|USA]] — patented the first [[integrated circuit]]
*[[Fritz Klatte]], (1880-1934), [[Germany]] — vinyl chloride, forerunner to [[polyvinyl chloride]]
*[[Margaret E. Knight]], (1838-1914), [[United States|USA]] — machine that completely constructs box-bottom brown paper bags
*[[Ivan Knunyants]], (1906-1990), [[Ukraine]] — invented [[Nylon]]-6
*[[Robert Koch]], (1843-1910), Germany---- method for culturing bacteria on solid media
*[[Willem Johan Kolff]], (1911-), [[Netherlands]] — artificial kidney [[hemodialysis]] machine
*[[Rudolf Kompfner]], (1909–1977), [[United States|USA]] — [[Traveling-wave tube]]
*[[Gleb Kotelnikov]], (1872-1944), [[Russia]] — [[knapsack]] [[parachute]]
*[[Ivan Kulibin]], (1735-1818), [[Russia]] - [[Elevator]] using screw mechanisms.
*[[Raymond Kurzweil]], (1948-), [[Optical character recognition]]; [[flatbed scanner]]
*[[Stephanie Kwolek]], (1923-), [[United States|USA]] — [[Kevlar]]
*[[John Howard Kyan]] (1774-1850), [[Ireland]] — The process of Kyanization used for wood preservation
=== L ===
*[[René Laënnec]], (1781-1826), [[France]] — [[stethoscope]]
*[[Hedy Lamarr]], (1913-2000), [[Austria]] and [[United States|USA]] — [[Spread spectrum]] [[radio]]
*[[Georges Lakhovsky]], (1869-1942), [[Russia]] - Multiple Wave Oscillator.
*[[Edwin H. Land]], (1909-1991), [[United States|USA]] — [[Polaroid]] polarizing filters and the [[Land Camera]]
*[[Samuel P. Langley]], (1834-1906), [[United States|USA]] — [[bolometer]]
*[[Irving Langmuir]], (1851-1957), [[United States|USA]] — gas filled [[incandescent light bulb]], hydrogen welding
*[[Lewis Latimer]], (1848-1928), — worked with [[Thomas Edison]] and patented an improved lightbulb manufacturing process
*[[Gustav de Laval]], (1845-1913), [[Sweden]] — invented the milk separator and the milking machine
*[[John Bennet Lawes]], (1814-1900), [[England]] — [[superphosphate]] or [[chemical fertilizer]]
*[[Sergei Vasiljevich Lebedev]], (1874-1934), [[Russia]] — [[synthetic rubber]]
*[[Tim Berners-Lee]], (1955- ) [[England]] — [[World Wide Web]]
*[[Antoni van Leeuwenhoek]], (1632-1723), [[Netherlands]] — development of the [[microscope]]
*[[Etienne Lenoir|Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir]], (1822-1900), [[Belgium]] — internal [[combustion engine]], [[motorboat]]
*[[R. G. LeTourneau]], (1888-1969), [[USA]]- electric wheel, motor scraper, mobile oil drilling platform, bulldozer, cable control unit for scrapers
*[[Willard Frank Libby]], (1908-1980), [[United States|USA]] — [[Radiocarbon dating]]
*[[Justus von Liebig]], (1803-1873), [[Germany]] — [[nitrogen]]-based [[fertilizer]]
*[[Otto Lilienthal]], (1848-1896), [[Germany]] — [[glider|air glider]]
*[[Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist]], (1862-1931), [[Sweden]] — Kerosene stove operated by compressed air
*[[Hans Lippershey]], (1570-1619), [[Netherlands]] — [[telescope]]
*[[William Howard Livens]], (1889–1964), [[England]] — chemical warfare — [[Livens Projector]].
*[[Alexander Lodygin]], (1847-1923), [[Russia]] - [[Electrical filament]], [[incandescent light bulb]] with tungsten filament.
*[[Oleg Losev]], (1903-1942), [[Russia]] — [[Light-emitting diode]].
*[[Archibald Low]], (1882-1956), [[United Kingdom|Britain]] — Pioneer of radio guidance systems
*[[Auguste and Louis Lumière]], [[France]] — [[Cinématographe]]
*[[Giovanni Luppis]], (1813-1875), [[Austrian Empire]] (ethnical Italian) — self-propelled [[torpedo]]
=== M ===
*[[Ma Jun]], (c. 200-265), [[China]] — [[South Pointing Chariot]] (see [[differential gear]]), [[mechanical]] [[puppet]] [[theater]], [[chain pump]]s, improved [[silk]] [[looms]]
*[[Charles Macintosh]], (1766-1843), [[Scotland]] — [[waterproof]] [[raincoat]], [[life vest]]
*[[Sake Dean Mahomet]], (c. 1759), [[History of India|India]] — [[shampoo]]
*[[Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov]], (1896-1964), [[Russia]] - [[Maksutov telescope]].
*[[George William Manby]], (1765-1854), [[England]] — [[Fire extinguisher]]
*[[Guglielmo Marconi]], (1874-1937), [[Italy]] — [[radio]] [[telegraphy]]
*[[John Landis Mason]], (1826-1902), [[United States|USA]] — [[Antique fruit jar|Mason jars]]
*[[Henry Maudslay]], (1771-1831), [[England]] — screw-cutting [[lathe]], bench [[micrometer]]
*[[Hiram Maxim]], (1840-1916), USA born, [[England]] — First self-powered machine gun
*[[James Clerk Maxwell]] (1831-1879) and [[Thomas Sutton]] [[Scotland]] — [[colour photography]]
*[[Macadam|John McAdam]], (1756-1836), [[Scotland]] — improved "macadam" road surface
*[[Elijah McCoy]], (1843-1929), [[Canada]] — [[Displacement lubricator]]
*[[Hippolyte Mège-Mouriés]], (1817-1880), [[France]] — [[margarine]]
*[[Dmitri Mendeleev]], (1834-1907), [[Russia]] - [[Periodic table]], [[pyrocollodion]].
*[[Antonio Meucci]], (1808-1889), [[Italy]] — [[telephone]] (prototype)
*[[Edouard Michelin]], (1859-1940), [[France]] — [[pneumatic tyre]]
*[[Pavel Molchanov]], (1893-1941), [[Russia]] - [[Radiosonde]].
*[[Jules Montenier]], (c. 1910), [[United States|USA]] — modern anti-perspirant [[deodorant]]
*[[Montgolfier]] brothers, (1740-1810) and (1745-1799), [[France]] — hot-air balloon
*[[John J. Montgomery]], (1858-1911), [[United States|USA]] — heavier-than-air gliders
*[[Narcis Monturiol i Estarriol]], (1819-1885), [[Spain]] — steam powered [[submarine]]
*[[Robert Moog]], (1934-2005), [[United States|USA]] — the [[Moog synthesizer]]
*[[Samuel Morey]], (1762-1843), [[United States|USA]] — internal combustion engine
*[[Garrett A. Morgan]], (1877-1963), [[United States|USA]] — inventor of the [[gas mask]], and [[traffic signal]].
*[[Samuel F. B. Morse|Samuel Morse]], (1791-1872), [[United States|USA]] — telegraph
*[[William Murdoch]], (1754-1839), [[Scotland]] — [[Gas lighting]]
*[[Jozef Murgas]], (1864-1929), [[Slovakia]] — inventor of the [[wireless telegraph]] (forerunner of the radio)
*[[Pieter van Musschenbroek]], (1692-1761), [[Netherlands]] — [[Leyden jar]], [[pyrometer]]
*[[A.J. Musselman]] inventor of the [[Coaster brake]] and the pneumatic aircraft tyre.
=== N ===
*[[John Napier]], (1550-1617), [[Scotland]] — [[logarithms]]
*[[James Naismith]], (1861-1939), Canadian born, USA---- Invented Basketball, Football helmet
*[[James Nasmyth]], (1808-1890), [[Scotland]] — [[steam hammer]]
*[[John von Neumann]], (1903-1957), [[Hungary]] — Von Neumann [[Von Neumann architecture|computer architecture]]
*[[Isaac Newton]],(1642-1727), [[England]] — reflecting telescope (which reduces [[chromatic aberration]])
*[[Nicéphore Niépce|Joseph Nicephore Niépce]], (1765-1833), [[France]] — [[photography]]
*[[Jun-Ichi Nishizawa]], (1926-), [[Japan]] — [[Optical communication]] system, [[SIT/SITh (Static Induction Transistor/Thyristor)]], [[Laser diode]], [[PIN diode]]
*[[Alfred Nobel]], (1833-1896), [[Sweden]] — [[dynamite]]
*[[Carl Rickard Nyberg]], (1858-1939), [[Sweden]] — the [[blowtorch]]
=== O ===
*[[Wilgott Theophil Odhner|Theophil Wilgodt Odhner]], (1845–1903), [[Sweden]] — the Odhner [[Arithmometer]], a [[mechanical calculator]]
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]], (1777–1851), [[Denmark]] — [[electromagnetism]], [[aluminium]]
*[[Elisha Otis]], (1811–1861), [[United States|USA]] — passenger elevator with safety device
*[[William Oughtred]], (1575–1660), [[England]] — [[slide rule]]
=== P ===
*[[Helge Palmcrantz]], (1842-1880), [[Sweden]] — the multi-barrel, lever-actuated, [[machine gun]]
*[[Daniel David Palmer]], (1845-1913), [[Canada]] — [[Chiropractic]]
*[[Luigi Palmieri]], (1807-1896), [[Italy]] — [[seismometer]]
*[[Alexander Parkes]], (1831-1890), [[England]] — [[celluloid]]
*[[Charles Algernon Parsons]], (1854-1931), [[United Kingdom|British]] — [[steam turbine]]
*[[Spede Pasanen]], (1930-2001), [[Finland]] — The [[ski jumping sling]]
*[[Blaise Pascal]], (1623-1662), [[France]] — [[barometer]]
*[[Les Paul]], (1915-), [[United States|USA]] — [[Multitrack recording]]
*[[Nicolae Paulescu]], (1869 - 1931), [[Romania]] — [[Insulin]]
*[[Eugen Pavel]], [[Romania]] — [[Hyper CD-ROM]]
*[[Gustaf Erik Pasch]], (1788-1862), [[Sweden]] — the safety [[match]]
*[[Arthur Paul Pedrick]], [[England]] — chromatically selective cat flap and others
*[[John Pemberton]], (1831-1888), [[United States|USA]] — [[Coca-Cola]]
*[[Slavoljub Eduard Penkala]], (1871-1922), [[Croatia]] — [[mechanical pencil]]
*[[Henry Perky]], (1843-1906), [[United States|USA]] — [[Shredded wheat]]
*[[Stephen Perry]], [[England]] — [[rubber band]]
*[[Peter Petroff]], (1919-2004), [[Bulgaria]] — digital wrist watch, heart monitor, weather instruments
*[[Fritz Pfleumer]], (1881-1945), [[Germany]] — [[Magnetic Tape]]
*[[Arthur Pitney]], (1871-1933), [[United States]] — [[Postage meter]]
*[[Joseph Plateau]], (1801-1883), [[Belgium]] — [[phenakistiscope]] (stroboscope)
*[[Baltzar von Platen]], (1898-1984), [[Sweden]] — [[Gas absorption refrigerator|refrigerator]]
*[[James Leonard Plimpton]], [[United States|USA]] — [[quad skates|roller skates]]
*[[Petrache Poenaru]], (1799 - 1875), [[Romania]] — [[Fountain pen]]
*[[Christopher Polhem]], (1661-1751), [[Sweden]] — the modern [[padlock]]
*[[Olivia Poole]], (1889-1975), [[United States|USA]], — the Jolly Jumper baby harness
*[[Alexander Stepanovich Popov]], (1859-1906), [[Russia]] - [[Lightning detector]].
*[[George Pullman]], (1831-1897), [[United States|USA]] — Pullman [[sleeping car|sleep wagon]]
*[[Michael I. Pupin]], (1858-1935), [[Serbia]] — [[pupinization]] (loading coils), tunable oscillator
*[[Tivadar Puskas]], (1844-1893), [[Hungary]] — [[telephone exchange]]
=== Q ===
=== R ===
*[[Karl von Reichenbach]], (1788-1869), [[paraffin]], [[creosote|creosote oil]], [[phenol]]
*[[Ira Remsen]], (1846-1927), [[United States|USA]] — [[saccharin]]
*[[Josef Ressel]], (1793-1857), [[Czechoslovakia]] — ship [[propeller]]
*[[Charles Francis Richter]], (1900-1985), [[United States|USA]] — [[Richter magnitude scale]]
*[[John Roebuck]], (1718-1794) [[England]] — [[lead chamber process]] for sulfuric acid synthesis
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]], (1845-1923), [[Germany]] — the [[X-ray machine]]
*[[Ernő Rubik]], (1944-), [[Hungary]] — [[Rubik's cube]], [[Rubik's Magic]] and [[Rubik's Clock]]
*[[Ernst Ruska]], (1906-1988), [[Germany]] — [[electron microscope]]
=== S ===
*[[Alberto Santos-Dumont]], (1873-1932), [[Brazil]] — [[airship|non-rigid airship]] and [[fixed-wing aircraft|airplane]]
*[[Thomas Savery]], (1650-1715), [[England]] — [[steam engine]]
*[[Adolphe Sax]], (1814-1894), [[Belgium]] — [[saxophone]]
*[[Bela Schick]], (1877-1967), [[Hungary]] — [[Schick test|diphtheria test]]
*[[Christian Schnabel]] (1878-1936), [[Germany|German]] — simplistic food cutleries
*[[Kees A. Schouhamer Immink]] (1946- ), [[Netherlands]] — Major contributor to development of [[Compact Disc]]
*[[August Schrader]], [[United States|USA]] — [[Schrader valve]] for [[Pneumatic tire]]
*[[David Schwarz (aviation inventor)|David Schwarz]], (1852-1897), [[Croatia]], — rigid ship, later called [[Zeppelin]]
*[[Marc Seguin]], (1786-1875), [[France]] — [[suspension bridge|wire-cable suspension bridge]]
*[[Sennacherib]], (705–681 BC), [[Iraq]] ([[Mesopotamia]]) — [[screw]] [[pump]]
*[[Iwan Serrurier]], (active 1920s), [[Netherlands]]/[[United States|USA]] — inventor of the [[Moviola]] for [[film editing]].
*[[Mark Serrurier]], (190?-1988), [[United States|USA]] — [[Serrurier truss]] for [[Optical telescopes]]
*[[Gerhard Sessler]], (1931-), [[Germany]] — [[electret microphone|foil electret microphone]], [[microphone#MEMS microphones|silicon microphone]]
*[[Alexander Procofieff de Seversky]], 1894-1974, [[Russia]]/[[United States of America]] — Air-to-air refueling.
*[[Shen Kuo]] (1031-1095), China — improved [[gnomon]], [[armillary sphere]], [[clepsydra]], and sighting tube
*[[William Shockley|William Bradford Shockley]], (1910-1989), [[United States|USA]] — co-inventor of [[transistor]]
*[[Henry Shrapnel]], (1761-1842), [[England]] — [[Shrapnel shell]] ammunition
*[[Vladimir Shukhov]], (1853-1939), [[Russia]] - [[Shukhov cracking process]].
*[[Augustus Siebe]], (1788-1872), [[Germany]]/[[England]] — Inventor of the [[standard diving dress]]
*[[Werner von Siemens]], (1816-1892), [[Germany]] — an electromechanical "dynamic"
*[[Carl Wilhelm Siemens|Sir William Siemens]], (1823-1883), [[Germany]] — regenerative furnace
*[[Igor Sikorsky]], (1889-1972), [[Russia]] — [[helicopter]]
*[[Juanito Simon]], (1948-), [[Philippines]] — metal [[treatment]] lubricants
*[[Charles Simonyi]], (1948-), [[Hungary]] — [[Hungarian notation]]
*[[Isaac Singer]], (1811-1875), [[United States|USA]] — [[sewing machine]]
*[[Elmer Ambrose Sperry]], (1860-1930), [[United States|USA]] — gyroscope-guided [[autopilot|automatic pilot]]
*[[George Stephenson]], (1781-1848), [[England]] — [[steam locomotive]]
*[[Simon Stevin]], (1548-1620), [[Netherlands]] — [[land yacht]]
*[[Aurel Stodola]], (1859-1942), [[Slovakia]] — [[gas turbines]]
*[[Robert Stirling|Reverend Dr Robert Stirling]] (1790-1878), [[Scotland]] — [[Stirling engine]]
*[[Levi Strauss]], (1829-1902), [[United States|USA]] — blue [[jeans]]
*[[John Stringfellow]], (1799-1883), [[England]] — [[fixed-wing aircraft|airplane]]
*[[Almon Strowger]], (1839-1902), [[United States|USA]] — [[automatic telephone exchange]]
*[[Su Song]], (1020-1101), [[China]] — first [[chain drive]]
*[[Simon Sunatori]], (1959-), [[Canada]] — inventor of Sunatori Pen
*[[Joseph Swan]], (1828-1914), [[England]] — [[Incandescent light bulb]]
*[[Percy Spencer]], (1894-1970), [[United States|USA]] — [[microwave oven]]
*[[Leó Szilárd]], (1898-1964), [[Hungary]]/[[United States|USA]] — Co-developed the [[atomic bomb]], patented the [[nuclear reactor]], catalyst of the [[Manhattan Project]]
=== T ===
*[[Bernard Tellegen]] (1900-1990), [[Netherlands]] — [[pentode]]
*[[Edward Teller]], (1908-2003), [[Hungary]] — [[hydrogen bomb]]
*[[Nikola Tesla]], (1856-1943), [[Serbs|Serbian]]-[[Croatia]]n-[[United States|American]] — [[Tesla Coil]], [[induction motor]], [[alternating current]] [[Polyphase system]], [[Wireless telegraphy|wireless communication]], modern [[robotics]], [[logic gate]]s, [[Tesla turbine|bladeless turbine]], [[radio]], [[VTOL|VTOL aircraft]], [[List of Tesla patents|etc.]]
*[[Eric Tigerstedt]], (1887-1925), [[Finland]] — triode [[vacuum tube]]
*[[Kalman Tihanyi]], (1897-1947), [[Hungary]] — co-inventor of [[cathode ray tube]] and [[iconoscope]]
*[[Benjamin Chew Tilghman]], (1821-1897), [[United States|USA]] — [[sandblasting]]
*[[Tipu Sultan]], ([[1750]]-[[1799]]), [[India]] — [[iron]] [[rocket]]
*[[Alfred Traeger]], (1895-1980), [[Australia]] — the pedal radio
*[[Franc Trkman]], (1903-1978), [[Slovenia]] — electrical switches, accessories for opening windows
*[[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]], (1857-1935), [[Russia]] - [[Spaceflight]].
*[[Mikhail Tsvet]], (1872-1919), [[Russia]] - [[Adsorption chromatography]].
=== U ===
*[[Lewis Urry]], (1927-2004), [[Canada]] — long-lasting [[alkaline battery]]
=== V ===
*[[Theophilus Van Kannel]], (1841-1919), [[United States]] — [[revolving door]] ([[1888]])
*[[Louis R. Vitullo]], (1924?-2006), [[United States]] — developed the first [[Sexual assault kit|sexual assault evidence kit]]
*[[Alessandro Volta]], (1745-1827), [[Italy]] — [[Battery (electricity)|battery]]
*[[Faust Vrancic]], (1551-1617), [[Croatia]] — [[parachute]]
=== W ===
*[[Barnes Wallis]], (1887-1979), [[England]] — [[bouncing bomb]]
*[[Robert Watson-Watt]], (1892-1973), [[Scotland]] — microwave [[radar]]
*[[James Watt]], (1736-1819), [[Scotland]] — improved [[Steam engine]]
*[[Thomas Wedgwood]], (1771-1805), [[England]] — first (not permanent) [[photograph]]
*[[Jonas Wenström]], (1855-1893), [[Sweden]] — [[HVDC Hellsjön-Grängesberg|three-phase electrical system]]
*[[George Westinghouse]], (1846-1914), [[United States|USA]] — [[Air brake (rail)]]
*[[Charles Wheatstone]], (1802-1875), [[England]] — [[concertina]], [[stereoscope]], [[microphone]], [[Playfair cipher]]
*[[Eli Whitney]], (1765-1825), [[United States|USA]] — the [[cotton gin]]
*[[Frank Whittle]], (1907-1996), [[England]] — co-inventor of the [[jet engine]]
*[[Otto Wichterle]], (1913-1989), [[Czechoslovakia]] — invented modern [[contact lenses]]
*[[Paul Winchell]], (1922-2005), [[United States|USA]] — the [[artificial heart]]
*[[A. Baldwin Wood]], (1879-1956), [[United States|USA]] — high volume pump
*[[Granville Woods]], (1856-1910), [[United States|USA]] — the Synchronous Multiplex Railway Telegraph
* The [[Wright brothers]], Orville (1871-1948) and Wilbur (1867-1912), [[United States|USA]] — [[Fixed-wing aircraft|powered airplane]]
* [[Arthur Wynne]], (1862-1945), [[England]] — creator of [[crossword puzzle]]
=== Y ===
*[[Pavel Yablochkov]], (1847-1894), [[Russia]] - [[Yablochkov candle]].
*[[Hidetsugu Yagi]], (1886-1976), [[Japan]] — [[Yagi-Uda Antenna|Yagi antenna]]
*[[Yi Xing]], (683-727), [[China]], invented the [[escapement]] mechanism
*[[Arthur M. Young]], (1905-1995), [[United States|USA]] — the [[Bell Helicopter]]
=== Z ===
*[[Nikolay Zelinsky]], (1861-1953), [[Russia]] - The first effective filtering coal [[gas mask]] in the world.
*[[Zhang Heng]], (78-139), [[China]], invented the first hydraulic-powered [[armillary sphere]]
*[[Konrad Zuse]], (22. June 1910 - 18. December 1995), [[Germany]], invented the first Computer ([[Z1 (computer)|Z1]], [[Z2 (computer)|Z2]], [[Z3 (computer)|Z3]], [[Z4 (computer)|Z4]])
*[[Vladimir Zworykin]], (1889-1982), [[Russia]]/[[United States of America|USA]] - [[Iconoscope]], [[kinescope]].
==See also==
* [[Creativity techniques]]
* [[The heroic theory of invention and scientific development]]
[[Category:Inventors| ]]
[[Category:Lists of people by occupation|Inventors]]
[[Category:Inventors by nationality]]
[[Category:German inventors]]
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