List of operating systems
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2008-07-15T16:24:42Z
Ghettoblaster
6603820
/* Other proprietary Unix-like and POSIX-compliant */
[[Operating systems]] can be categorized by technology, ownership, licensing, working state, usage, and by many other characteristics. In practice, many of these groupings may overlap.
==Early, and historically important==
*[[Compatible Time-Sharing System|CTSS]] (The Compatible Timeshare System, developed at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] by Corbato, et al)
*[[Incompatible Timesharing System]] (ITS, developed at MIT for the [[Digital Equipment Corporation]] [[PDP-6]] and [[PDP-10]] mainframes)
*[[THE (operating system)|THE multiprogramming system]] (by [[Edsger Dijkstra|Dijkstra]] ''et al.'')
*[[Multics]] (joint OS development project by [[Bell Labs]], [[General Electric|GE]], and [[MIT]])
*MCP (developed for [[LEO computer|Leo Computers, Leo III]] in 1962){{Fact|date=January 2008}}
*The Master Program: multi-tasking OS able to run 16 programs simultaneously, used by [[LEO computer|LEO]] computers in the early to mid 1960s.{{Fact|date=January 2008}}
*[[RC 4000 Multiprogramming System]] (developed by [[Regnecentralen]] in 1969)
See also: '''[[Operating systems timeline]]'''
===Early, proprietary microcomputer OS===
*[[Apple Computer]] [[Apple DOS]] (initial version was [[Read-only memory]] firmware together with [[Integer BASIC]]; later versions included a [[Microsoft BASIC]])
*[[Business Operating System]] (BOS) - [[cross platform]], command-line based
*[[KERNAL]] ([[Commodore PET]], [[Commodore VIC-20]], [[Commodore 64]] etc.)
*The very first [[IBM PC|IBM-PC]] (3 OS offered to start, [[UCSD p-System]], [[CPM-86|CP/M-86]], [[PC-DOS]])
*[[Sinclair Research Ltd|Sinclair]] Micro and QX, etc.
*[[TRS-DOS]] (largely Microsoft BASIC implementations with file system extensions)
*[[TI-99/4A]]
*[[FLEX (operating system)|Flex]] (by [[TSC|Technical Systems Consultants]] for [[Motorola 6800]] based microcomputers: [[SWTPC]], [[Tano]], [[Smoke Signal Broadcasting]], [[Gimix]], etc)
==Proprietary==
===Acorn===
*[[Arthur (operating system)|Arthur]]
*[[ARX (operating system)|ARX]]
*[[Acorn MOS|MOS]] (on the [[BBC Micro]] and [[BBC Master]])
*[[RISC OS]]
*[[RISC iX]] (based on 4.3BSD)
===Amiga===
*[[AmigaOS]]
* [[Amiga Unix]], a.k.a. Amix
===Apollo===
*AEGIS/[[Domain/OS]] One of the first network-based systems. Ran on [[Apollo/Domain]] hardware. Later bought by [[Hewlett-Packard]].
===Apple===
*[[Apple II series|Apple II]]
**[[Apple DOS]]
**[[ProDOS]]
***[[GS/OS]]
*[[Apple III]]
**[[Apple SOS|SOS]] (Sophisticated Operating System)
*[[Lisa OS]]
*[[Macintosh]]
**[[Mac OS]]
***[[Mac OS history#Release|System Software 1]]
***[[Mac OS history#Release|System Software 2]]
***[[Mac OS history#Release|System Software 3]]
***[[Mac OS history#Release|System Software 4]]
***[[Mac OS history#System Software 5|System Software 5]]
***[[System Software 6]]
***[[System 7 (Macintosh)|System 7]] (code-named "Big Bang")
***[[Mac OS 8]]
***[[Mac OS 9]]
**[[Unix-like]]
***[[A/UX]]
***[[MkLinux]]
***[[Mac OS X]]
****[[Mac OS X v10.0]] (aka Mac OS X 10.0 "Cheetah")
****[[Mac OS X v10.1]] (aka Mac OS X 10.1 "Puma")
****[[Mac OS X v10.2]] (aka Mac OS X 10.2 "Jaguar")
****[[Mac OS X v10.3]] (aka Mac OS X 10.3 "Panther")
****[[Mac OS X v10.4]] (aka Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger")
****[[Mac OS X v10.5]] (aka Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard")
****[[Mac OS X v10.6]] (aka Mac OS X 10.6 "Snow Leopard")
****[[Mac OS X Server]]
***[[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin]] ([[open source]] underpinnings of Mac OS X, based on [[FreeBSD]] and [[NextStep]])
***[[iPhone OS]]
***[[Apple Newton]]
****[[Newton OS]]
===Atari===
*[[Atari DOS]] (for 8-bit computers)
*[[Atari TOS]]
*[[MultiTOS|Atari MultiTOS]]
===Be Incorporated===
*[[BeOS]]
**[[BeIA]]
*[[Magnussoft ZETA|ZETA]] (successor of BeOS developed by [[yellowTAB]] and now sold by [[Magnussoft]])
===Burroughs (later Unisys)===
*[[CTOS|BTOS]]
*[[MCP (Burroughs Large Systems)]]
===Convergent Technologies===
Later acquired by [[Unisys]].
*[[CTOS]]
===Digital/Tandem Computers/Compaq/HP===
*[[OS/8]]
*[[Incompatible Timesharing System|ITS]] (for the [[PDP-6]] and [[PDP-10]])
*[[Multi-Programming Executive]] (from [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]])
*[[TOPS-10]] (for the PDP-10)
*[[WAITS]] (for the PDP-6 and PDP-10)
*[[TOPS-20|TENEX]] (from [[BBN]], for the PDP-10)
*[[TOPS-20]] (for the PDP-10)
*[[RSTS/E]] (multi-user time-sharing OS for [[PDP-11]]s)
*[[RSX-11]] (multiuser, multitasking OS for PDP-11s)
*[[RT-11]] (single user OS for PDP-11)
*[[Virtual Memory System|VMS]] (originally by [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]], now by [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]) for the [[VAX]] mini-computer range, [[DEC Alpha|Alpha]] and Intel [[Itanium 2]]; later renamed OpenVMS)
*[[Domain/OS]] (originally ''Aegis'', from [[Apollo Computer]] who were bought by HP)
*[[RTE]] HP's Real Time Executive (ran on the HP 1000)
*[[TSB]] HP's Time Share Basic (yes, it was an operating system, ran on the HP 2000 series)
*[[Unix-like]]
**[[Tru64 UNIX|Digital UNIX]] (derived from OSF/1, became HP's [[Tru64 UNIX]])
**[[HP-UX]]
**[[Ultrix]]
*NonStop Kernel (Originally from [[Tandem Computers]] for their line of fault-tolerant platforms; originally called Guardian). It supports concurrent execution of:
**Guardian
**OSS (POSIX-compliant Open System Services)
===Fujitsu===
*[[Towns OS]]
===Green Hills Software===
*[[Integrity (operating system)|INTEGRITY]] Reliable Operating system
*[[INTEGRITY-178B (operating system)|INTEGRITY-178B]] A DO-178B certified version of [[Integrity (operating system)|INTEGRITY]].
*''[[µ-velOSity]]'' A lightweight [[microkernel]].
===Hewlett-Packard===
*[[Multi-Programming Executive|MPE]] Multi-programming Executive; ran on HP3000 mini-computers.
*[[HP-UX]] HP-UX; runs on HP9000 and Itanium servers - from small to mainframe-class computers.
===Intel===
*[[RMX|iRMX]] real-time operating system originally created to support the Intel 8080 and 8086 processor families in embedded applications
===IBM===
*[[IBM 7090/94 IBSYS]]
*SYSTEM 1400/1800 IJMON A Bootable serial I/O monitor for loading programs.
*[[BOS/360]] Early interim version of DOS/360, briefly available at a few Alpha & Beta System 360 sites.
*[[TOS/360]] Similar to BOS above and more fleeting, able to boot and run from 2x00 series tape drives.
*[[DOS/360]] Disk Operating System. First commonly available OS for System/360 due to problems in the OS/360 Project. Multi-programming system with up to 3 partitions.
*DOS/360/RJE DOS/360 with a control program extension that provided for the monitoring of Remote Job Entry hardware (Card Reader & Printer) connected by dedicated phone lines.
*[[DOS/VSE]] First DOS offered on System/370 systems, provided Virtual Storage Extensions, and SNA. Still had fixed size processing partitions, but up to 14 partitions.
*DOS/VSE/ESA DOS/VSE extended virtual memory support to 32 bit addresses (Extended System Architecture).
*[[z/VSE]] Latest version of the four decades old DOS lineage. Now supports 64 bit addresses, Multiprocessing, Multiprogramming, SNA, TCP/IP, and some virtual machine features in support of Linux workloads. (All DOS ref. IBM website)
*[[OS/360]] First official OS targeted for the System/360 architecture, saw customer installations of the following variations:
**PCP Primary Control Program, a kernel and a ground breaking automatic space allocating file system.
**[[MFT]] Multi-Programming Fixed Tasks, had 15 fixed size partitions defined at boot time.
**[[MVT]] Multi-Programming Variable Tasks, had up to 15 partitions defined dynamically.
*RTOS Real Time Operating System, run on 5 NASA custom System/360/75s. A mash up by the Federal Systems Division of the MFT system management, PCP basic kernel and file system, with MVT task management and FSD custom real time kernel extensions and error management. The pinnacle of OS/360 development.
*OS/370 The official port of OS/360 targeted for the System/370 virtual memory architecture. Customer installations in the following variations:
*OS/VS1 Virtual-memory version of OS/MFT
*OS/VS2 Virtual-memory version of OS/MVT
**SVS Single Virtual Storage (both VS1 & VS2 began as SVS systems)
**[[MVS]] Multiple Virtual Storage (eliminated any need for VS1)
*[[OS/390]] Upgrade to MVS, with an additional [[Unix-like]] environment.
*[[z/OS]] [[z/Architecture]] version of OS/390.
*[[Transaction Processing Facility|TPF]] [[z/OS]] extension
*[[CP/CMS]] Control Program / Cambridge Monitor System, [[Virtual Machine]] operating System for System/360 Model 44 and 67
*[[VM/CMS]] [[Virtual Machine]] / Conversational Monitor System, [[VM (operating system)]] for System/370 with Virtual Memory.
*VM/XA [[VM (operating system)]] eXtended Architecture for System/370 with extended Virtual Memory.
*VM/ESA [[Virtual Machine]] /Extended System Architecture, added 32 bit addressing to VM series.
*[[z/VM]] z/Architecture version of the VM OS (64 bit addressing).
*[[IBM System/34, 36 System Support Program]], or SSP
*[[OS/400]] descendant of [[System/38]] CPF
*[[i5/OS]] extends [[OS/400]] with significant interoperability features.
*[[Unix-like]]
**[[AIX (operating system)|AIX]] (a System V Unix version)
**[[Academic Operating System|AOS]] (a BSD Unix version)
**[[GNU/Linux]] (IBM has contributed much code to this open source operating system, listed below)
*[[PC-DOS]] IBM supported, documented, and licensed copies of Microsoft [[MS-DOS]]
*[[OS/2]] (developed jointly with Microsoft)
**[[OS/2|OS/2 Warp]]
**[[eComStation]] (Warp 4.5/Workspace on Demand, rebundled by Serenity Systems International)
*[[IBM 8100 DPCX]]
*[[IBM 8100 DPPX]]
*[[K42]] PowerPC or Intel x86 based cache-coherent multiprocessor systems (IBM Website)
*[[IBM EDX]] Event Driven Executive for the IBM/Series 1 minicomputers
*[[IBM RPS]] Realtime Programming System for the IBM/Series 1 minicomputers
===[[International Computers Limited|ICL]] (formerly [[International Computers and Tabulators|ICT]])===
*[[GEORGE (operating system)|GEORGE]] 2/3/4 GEneral ORGanisational Environment, used by [[International Computers Limited|ICL]] [[ICT 1900|1900]] series mainframes
*[[ICL VME|VME]] by [[International Computers Limited|International Computers Limited (ICL)]], particularly appearing on the [[ICL 2900 Series]]
===Micrium===
*[[MicroC/OS-II]] (Small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel)
===Microsoft===
*[[Xenix]] (licensed version of Unix; licensed to [[Santa Cruz Operation|SCO]] in 1987)
*[[MSX-DOS]] (developed by MS Japan for the MSX 8-bit computer)
*[[MS-DOS]] (developed jointly with IBM, versions 1.0–6.22)
*[[Windows CE]] (OS for handhelds, embedded devices, and real-time applications that is similar to other versions of Windows)
**[[Windows CE 3.0]]
**[[Windows Mobile]] (based on Windows CE, but for a smaller form factor)
**[[Windows CE 5.0]]
*DOS based Windows
**[[Windows 1.0]]
**[[Windows 2.0]]
**[[Windows 3.0]] (the first version to make substantial commercial impact)
**[[Windows 3.1x]]
**Windows 3.2 (Chinese-only release)
**[[Windows 95]] (aka Windows 4.0)
**[[Windows 98]] (aka Windows 4.1)
**[[Windows Millennium Edition]] (often shortened to Windows Me) (aka Windows 4.9)
*[[OS/2]] (developed jointly with IBM)
*[[Windows NT]]
**[[Windows NT 3.1]]
**[[Windows NT 3.5]]
**[[Windows NT 3.51]]
**[[Windows NT 4.0]]
**[[Windows 2000]] (aka Windows NT 5.0)
**[[Windows XP]] (aka Windows NT 5.1) (codename: Whistler)
**[[Windows Server 2003]] (aka Windows NT 5.2) (codename: Whistler Server)
**[[Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs]] (aka Windows NT 5.1)
**[[Windows Vista]] (aka Windows NT 6.0) (codename: Longhorn)
**[[Windows Server 2008]] (aka Windows NT 6.0) (codename: Longhorn Server)
**[[Windows 7]] (previously codenamed Blackcomb, then Vienna)
**[[Windows Preinstallation Environment|Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE)]]
*[[Singularity (operating system)|Singularity]] - A research operating system written mostly in [[managed code]] ([[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]])
===[[Novell]]===
*[[NetWare]] network operating system providing high-performance network services. Has been superseded by Open Enterprise Server line, which can be based on NetWare or Linux to provide the same set of services.
*[[SUSE Linux]] acquired by Novell which has adopted it as its core infrastructure. Novell now is a prime contributor to open-source projects based on Linux.
===[[Radio_Corporation_of_America|RCA]]===
*[[Time_Sharing_Operating_System|TSOS]], first OS supporting virtual addressing of the main storage and support for both timeshare and batch interface
===[[Santa Cruz Operation|SCO]] / [[The SCO Group]]===
*[[Xenix]], Unix System III based distribution for the Intel 8086/8088 architecture
*[[Xenix]] 286, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80286 architecture
*[[Xenix]] 386, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80386 architecture
*[[SCO Unix]], SCO UNIX System V/386 was the first volume commercial product licensed by AT&T to use the UNIX System trademark (1989). Derived from AT&T System V Release 3.2 with an infusion of Xenix device drivers and utilities plus most of the SVR4 features
*[[SCO Open Desktop]], the first 32-bit graphical user interface for UNIX Systems running on Intel processor-based computers. Based on [[SCO Unix]]
*[[SCO OpenServer]] 5, AT&T UNIX System V Release 3 based
*[[UnixWare]] 2.x, based on AT&T System V Release 4.2MP
*[[UnixWare]] 7, UnixWare 2 kernel plus parts of 3.2v5 (UnixWare 2 + OpenServer 5 = UnixWare 7). Referred to by [[Santa Cruz Operation|SCO]] as SVR5
*[[SCO OpenServer]] 6, SVR5 (UnixWare 7) based kernel with SCO OpenServer 5 application and binary compatibility, system administration, and user environments<ref>
{{ cite web
| url = http://williambader.com/museum/dell/xenixhistory.html
| title = SCO History by William Bader
| accessdate = 2008-04-02 }}
</ref><ref>
{{ cite web
| url = http://www.sco.com/company/history.html
| title = Milestones in The History of The SCO Group
| accessdate = 2008-04-02 }}
</ref>
=== Unicoi Systems ===
*[[Fusion RTOS]] highly prolific, license free Real-time operating system.
*[[DSPOS]] was the original project which would become the royalty free Fusion RTOS.
=== Wind River Systems ===
*[[VxWorks]] Small footprint, scalable, high-performance RTOS
===Non-standard language===
*[[LISP machine]] Operating Systems ran on specialized processors with [[LISP]] implemented as [[microcode]]
**[[Symbolics]] [[Genera (operating system)|Genera]] written in a systems dialect of the [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]] programming language called [[ZetaLisp]]. Genera was ported to a virtual machine for the [[DEC Alpha]] line of computers.
**[[Texas Instruments]]' Explorer [[Lisp machine]] workstations also had systems code written in [[Lisp Machine Lisp]].
**The [[Xerox]] 1100 series of Lisp machines ran an operating system that was also ported to virtual machine called "Medley."
**[[Lisp Machines, Inc.]] also known as LMI, also ran an operating system based on [[MIT]]'s ZetaLisp.
*The [[Mesa programming language]] was used to implement the [[Pilot (operating system)|Pilot]] operating system, used in [[Xerox Star]] workstations.
*[[PERQ]] Operating System (POS) was written in PERQ [[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]].
===Other===
*[[EOS (Operating System)]], developed by [[ETA Systems]] for use in their [[ETA-10]] line of [[supercomputer]]s
*[[EMBOS]], developed by [[Elxsi]] for use on their [[mini-supercomputer]]s
*[[GCOS (operating system)|GCOS]] is a proprietary Operating System originally developed by [[General Electric]]
*[[PC-MOS/386]] - DOS-like, but multiuser/multitasking
*[[SINTRAN III]] - an operating system used with [[Norsk Data]] computers.
*[[THEOS]]
*[[TinyOS]]
*[[TRS-DOS]] A floppy-disk-oriented OS supplied by Tandy/Radio Shack for their Z80-based line of personal computers.
*TX990/TXDS, [[DX10]] and DNOS - proprietary operating systems for [[TI-990]] minicomputers
*[[MAI Basic Four]] - An OS implementing [[Business Basic]] from MAI Systems.
*[[Michigan Terminal System]] - Developed by a group of American universities for IBM 360 series mainframes
*[[MUSIC/SP]] (an operating system developed for the S/370, running normally under VM)
*[[TSX-32]], a 32-bit operating system for x86 platform.
*[[OS ES]] An operating system for [[ES EVM]]
*[[Prolog-Dispatcher]] - used to control Soviet [[Buran]] space ship.
====Other proprietary Unix-like and POSIX-compliant====
*[[Domain/OS|Aegis]] ([[Apollo Computer]])
*[[Amiga Unix]] (Amiga ports of Unix System V release 3.2 with Amiga A2500UX and SVR4 with Amiga A3000UX. Started in 1989, last version was in 1992)
*[[Clix]] (Intergraph's System V implementation)
*[[Coherent (operating system)|Coherent]] ([[Unix-like]] OS from Mark Williams Co. for PC class computers)
*[[DC/OSx]] (DataCenter/OSx was an operating system for [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]] based systems developed by [[Pyramid Technology]])
*[[DNIX]] from [[DIAB]]
*[[DSPnano RTOS]] (POSIX nanokernel, DSP Optimized, Open Source)
*''Idris'' workalike from Whitesmiths
*[[INTERACTIVE UNIX]] (a [[porting|port]] of the [[UNIX System V]] [[operating system]] for [[Intel x86]] by [[INTERACTIVE Systems Corporation]])
*[[IRIX]] from [[Silicon Graphics|SGI]]
*[[MeikOS]]
*[[NeXTSTEP]] (developed by [[NeXT]]; a Unix-based OS based on the [[Mach kernel|Mach]] microkernel)
*[[OS-9]] [[Unix-like]] [[RTOS]]. (OS from [[Microware]] for [[Motorola 6809]] based microcomputers)
*[[OSF/1]] (developed into a commercial offering by [[Digital Equipment Corporation]])
*[[OPENSTEP]]
*[[QNX]] (POSIX, microkernel OS; usually a real time embedded OS)
*[[Pardus]] (Turkish Linux)
*[[Rhapsody (operating system)|Rhapsody]] (an early form of Mac OS X)
*[[RISC/os]] (a port by [[MIPS Technologies|MIPS]] of [[4.3BSD]] to the [[RISC]] [[MIPS architecture]])
*[[RMX]]
*[[SCO UNIX]] (from [[Santa Cruz Operation|SCO]], bought by Caldera who renamed themselves [[SCO Group]])
*[[SINIX]] (a port by [[Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme|SNI]] of [[Unix]] to the [[RISC]] [[MIPS architecture]])
*[[Solaris Operating System|Solaris]] (Sun's System V-based replacement for SunOS)
*[[SunOS]] (BSD-based Unix system used on early Sun hardware)
*[[SUPER-UX]] (a port of [[UNIX System V|System V Release 4.2MP]] with features adopted from [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] and [[Linux]] for [[NEC Corporation|NEC]] [[SX architecture]] [[supercomputer]]s)
*[[System V]] (a release of AT&T Unix, 'SVR4' was the 4th minor release)
*[[Microport|System V/AT, 386]] (The first version of AT&T System V UNIX on the IBM 286 and 386 PCs, ported and sold by [[Microport]])
*[[Trusted Solaris]] (Solaris with kernel and other enhancements to support [[multilevel security]])
*[[UniFlex]] (Unix emulating OS by [[TSC]] for DMA-capable, extended addresses, Motorola 6809 based computers; eg [[SWTPC]], [[GIMIX]], ...)
*[[Unicos]] (the version of Unix designed for Cray Supercomputers, mainly geared to vector calculations)
*[[Unison RTOS]] (Multicore RTOS with DSP Optimization)
*[[DG/UX]] (Data General Corp)
===SDS (Scientific Data Systems)===
*[[CP]] Control Program. SDS later acquired by Xerox, then Honeywell.
=== TRON Project ===
*[[TRON Project|TRON]] (an open [[real-time operating system]] [[kernel (computer science)|kernel]])
=== [[UNIVAC]] (later Unisys)===
*[[EXEC I]]
*[[EXEC II]]
*[[EXEC 8]] Ran on 1100 series.
*[[VS/9]], successor to [[TSOS|RCA TSOS]]
===WAVECOM===
*[[Open AT OS]]
==Nonproprietary Unix-like==
===Research Unix-like and other POSIX-compliant===
*[[Minix]] (study OS developed by [[Andrew S. Tanenbaum]] in the [[Netherlands]])
*[[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]] (distributed OS developed at [[Bell Labs]], based on original Unix design principles yet functionally different and going much further)
**[[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] (distributed OS derived from [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]], originally from Bell Labs)
**[[Plan B (operating system)|Plan B]] (distributed OS derived from [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]] and [[Off++ microkernel]])
*[[Solaris Operating System|Solaris]], contains original Unix (SVR4) code (code now [[open source]] via [[OpenSolaris]] project)
*[[Unix]] (OS developed at Bell Labs ca 1970 initially by [[Ken Thompson (computer programmer)|Ken Thompson]])
*[[Xinu]], (Study OS developed by [[Douglas E. Comer]] in the [[USA]])
===[[Free_software|Free]] Unix-like (aka [[open source]])===
*[[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] (Berkeley Software Distribution, a variant of Unix for [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]] [[VAX]] hardware)
**[[FreeBSD]] (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of [[CSRG]]'s 'BSD Unix')
***[[DesktopBSD]] FreeBSD distribution for desktop use
***[[PC-BSD]] FreeBSD distribution for desktop use
***[[DragonFly BSD]] forked from FreeBSD
**[[NetBSD]] (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of [[CSRG]]'s 'BSD Unix')
***[[OpenBSD]] forked from NetBSD
*[[GNU_operating_system|GNU]]
*[[Linux]]
*[[OpenDarwin]]
*[[OpenSolaris]], contains original Unix (SVR4) code
*[[SSS-PC]] Developed at Tokyo University
*[[Syllable (operating system)|Syllable]]
*[[VSTa]]
*[[UnixLite]]
==Nonproprietary non-Unix-like==
===Research non-Unix-like===
*[[Amoeba distributed operating system|Amoeba]] (research OS by [[Andrew S. Tanenbaum]])
*[[Croquet Project|Croquet]]
*[[House (operating system)|House]] Haskell User's Operating System and Environment, research OS written in Haskell and C.
*[[ILIOS]] Research OS designed for routing
*[[Extremely Reliable Operating System|EROS]] microkernel, capability-based
**[[CapROS]] microkernel EROS successor.
**[[Coyotos]] microkernel EROS successor, goal: be first [[Program verification|formally verified]] OS.
*[[L4 microkernel family|L4]] Second generation microkernel
*[[Mach kernel|Mach]] (from OS kernel research at [[Carnegie Mellon University]]; see [[NeXTSTEP]])
*[[MONADS]] capability-based OS designed to support the MONADS hardware projects
**[[SPEEDOS]] (Secure Persistent Execution Environment for Distributed Object Systems) builds on MONADS ideas
*[[Nemesis (computing)|Nemesis]] Cambridge University research OS - detailed quality of service abilities.
*[[Singularity (operating system)|Singularity]] - A research operating system written mostly in [[managed code]] ([[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]]) by [[Microsoft]].
*[[Spring (operating system)|Spring]] (research OS from Sun Microsystems)
*[[V (operating system)|V]] from Stanford, early 1980s <ref name="capabook">[http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/levy/capabook/Chapter7.pdf Capability-Based Computer Systems]</ref>
===Open source non-Unix-like===
*[[Pliant|FullPliant]] (programming language based)
*[[FreeDOS]] (open source DOS variant)
*[[FreeVMS]] (open source VMS variant)
*[[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]] (open source inspired by [[BeOS]], under development)
*[[ReactOS]] ([[free software]] Windows NT compatible OS, in early development)
*[[osFree]] (open source OS/2 implementation)
==Disk Operating System==
{{main|Disk operating system}}
*[[DR-DOS]] (Digital Research's [later Novell, Caldera, ...] DOS variant)
**[[Multiuser DOS|Concurrent DOS]] (Digital Research's first multiuser DOS variant)
**[[Multiuser DOS]] (Digital Research's [later CCI's. Real's/...] multiuser DOS variant)
*[[FreeDOS]] ([[open source]] DOS variant)
*[[ProDOS]] (operating system for the [[Apple II]] series computers)
*[[PTS-DOS]] (DOS variant by [[Russia]]n company [[Phystechsoft]])
*[[86-DOS]] (developed at Seattle Computer Products by Tim Paterson for the new Intel 808x CPUs; licensed to [[Microsoft]], became MS-DOS/PC-DOS. Also known by its working title QDOS.)
**[[MS-DOS]] (Microsoft's now abandoned DOS variant)
**[[PC-DOS]] (IBM's DOS variant)
*[[RDOS]] (Data General Corp)
**[[TurboDOS]] (Software 2000, Inc.)
* [[SuperDOS]] - an MS-DOS clone with full NTFS and USB support, based on FreeDOS. [http://www.atariarchives.org/cfn/05/09/0041.php Summary of features]
*Multi-tasking user interfaces and environments for DOS, sometimes marketed and sold as operating systems
** [[Windows/386]]
** [[Windows 3.0]]
** [[Windows 3.1]]
** [[DESQview]]+ [[QEMM 386]] multi-tasking user interface for DOS
** DESQView/X ([[X Window System|X-windowing]] GUI for DOS)
==Network==
{{main|Network operating system}}
*[[Cambridge Ring]]
*[[CSIRONET]] by ([[Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|CSIRO]])
*[[CTOS]] ([[Convergent Technologies (Unisys)|Convergent Technologies]], later acquired by [[Unisys]])
*[[Data ONTAP]] by [[NetApp]]
*[[SAN-OS]] by [[Cisco]]
*[[EOS]] by [[McDATA]]
*[[Fabric OS]] by [[Brocade Communications Systems|Brocade]]
*[[NetWare]] (networking OS by [[Novell]])
*[[Network operating system|NOS]] (developed by [[Control Data Corporation|CDC]] for use in their Cyber line of supercomputers)
*[[Novell Open Enterprise Server]] (Open Source networking OS by [[Novell]]. Can incorporate either [[SUSE Linux]] or Novell NetWare as its kernel).
*[[OliOS]]
*[[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]] (distributed OS developed at [[Bell Labs]], based on Unix design principles but not functionally identical)
**[[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] (distributed OS derived from Plan 9, originally from Bell Labs)
**[[Plan B (operating system)|Plan B]] (distributed OS derived from [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]] and [[Off++ microkernel]])
**[[TurboDOS]] (Software 2000, Inc.)
==Web operating systems==
{{main|Web operating system}}
*[[DesktopTwo]]
*[[G.ho.st]]
*[[YouOS]]
*[[Browser OS]]
*[[eyeOS]]
==Generic/commodity, non-Unix, and other==
*[[BLIS/COBOL]]
*[[Bluebottle OS|Bluebottle]] also known as AOS (a concurrent and active object update to the [[Oberon operating system]])
*[[BS1000]] by [[Siemens AG]]
*[[BS2000]] by [[Siemens AG]], now [[BS2000/OSD]] from [[Fujitsu-Siemens Computers]] (formerly [[Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme]])
*[[BS3000]] by [[Siemens AG]] (functionally similar to OS-IV and MSP from Fujitsu)
*[[CPM operating system|Control Program/Monitor (CP/M)]]
**[[CP/M-80]] (CP/M for Intel 8080/8085 and [[Zilog Z80]] from Digital Research)
**[[CP/M-86]] (CP/M for Intel 8088/86 from Digital Research)
**[[CP/M-68k]] (CP/M for [[Motorola 68000]] from Digital Research)
**[[CP/M-8000]] (CP/M for [[Zilog Z8000]] from Digital Research)
**[[MP/M-80]] (Multi programming version of CP/M-80 from Digital Research)
**[[MP/M-86]] (Multi programming version of CP/M-86 from Digital Research)
*[[FLEX9]] (by [[TSC]] for Motorola 6809 based machines; successor to FLEX, which was for Motorola 6800 CPUs)
*[[FutureOS]] (for Amstrad/Schneider CPC6128 and CPCPlus machines)
*[[Graphical Environment Manager|GEM]] (windowing GUI for CP/M, DOS, and [[Atari]] TOS)
*[[GEOS (8-bit operating system)|GEOS]] (popular windowing GUI for PC, Commodore, Apple computers)
*[[JavaOS]]
*[[JNode]] JNode.org's OS written 99% in Java (native compiled), provides own JVM and JIT compiler. Based on [[GNU Classpath]]
*[[JX (OS)|JX]] Java operating system that focuses on a flexible and robust operating system architecture developed as an open source system by the University of Erlangen.
*[[KERNAL]] (default OS on Commodore 64)
*[[MERLIN (operating system)|MERLIN]] for the [[Corvus Concept]]
*[[MorphOS]] (by [[Genesi]])
*[[MSP]] by [[Fujitsu]] (successor to OS-IV), now [[MSP/EX]] for 31-bit mode
*[[nSystem]] by Luis Mateu at DCC, [[Universidad de Chile (university)|Universidad de Chile]]
*[[NetWare]] (networking OS by [[Novell]])
*[[Oberon operating system]] (developed at ETH-Zürich by [[Niklaus Wirth]] et al) for the Ceres and Chameleon workstation projects. see also [[Oberon programming language]]
*[[OSD/XC]] by [[Fujitsu-Siemens]] (BS2000 ported to an emulation on a Sun SPARC platform)
*[[OS-IV]] by [[Fujitsu]] (based on early versions of IBM's [[MVS]])
*[[Pick operating system|Pick]] (often licensed and renamed)
*[[PRIMOS]] by [[Prime Computer]] (sometimes spelled PR1MOS and PR1ME)
*[[Sinclair QDOS]] (multitasking for the [[Sinclair QL]] computer)
*[[SkyOS]] (Commercial desktop OS for PCs)
*[[SSB-DOS]] (by [[TSC]] for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; a variant of [[FLEX (operating system)|FLEX]] in most respects)
*[[SymbOS]] (GUI based multitasking operating system for [[Z80]] computers)
*[[Symobi]] (GUI based modern micro-kernel OS for [[x86]], [[ARM architecture|ARM]] and [[PowerPC]] processors, used and developed further at [[Technical University of Munich]])
*[[TripOS]], 1978
**[[TurboDOS]] (Software 2000, Inc.)
*[[UCSD p-System]] (portable complete programming environment/operating system/virtual machine developed by a long running student project at the Univ Calif/San Diego; directed by Prof Ken Bowles; written in Pascal)
*[[UMIX]], made for the [[ICFP Programming Contest]] 2006.
*[[Stratus VOS|VOS]] by [[Stratus Technologies]] with strong influence from [[Multics]]
*[[VOS]] by [[Hitachi, Ltd.|Hitachi]] for its IBM-compatible mainframes, based on IBM's [[MVS]]
*[[VM2000]] by [[Siemens AG]]
*[[VisiOn]] (first GUI for early PC machines; not commercially successful)
*[[VPS/VM]] (IBM based, main operating system at [[Boston University]] for over 10 years.)
*[[aceos]] under GPL
*[[Miraculix]] Russian OS, under unknown license.
==For [[Elektronika BK]] Soviet personal computer==
* [[ANDOS]]
* [[AO-DOS]]
* [[BASIS]]
* [[CSI-DOS]]
* [[DOSB10]]
* [[DX-DOS]]
* [[FA-DOS]]
* [[HC-DOS]]
* [[KMON]]
* [[MicroDOS]]
* [[MK-DOS]]
* [[NORD (operating system)|NORD]]
* [[NORTON-BK]]
* [[RAMON]]
* [[PascalDOS]]
* [[RT-11]]
** ROM embedded
** RT-11SJ
** [[OS BK-11]] (RT-11 version)
* [[Turbo-DOS]]
* [[BKUNIX]]
* [[OS/A WASP]]
==Hobby==
*[[AROS]] (AROS Research Operating System, formerly known as Amiga Research Operating System)
*[[AtheOS]] became Syllable
*[[DexOS]], ([[Game console]]-like [[operating system]] for [[IA-32|32-bit x86 computers]])
*[[Extremely Reliable Operating System|EROS]]
*[[HelenOS]]
*[[KolibriOS]] (fork of [[MenuetOS]])
*[[LSE/OS]]
*[[MenuetOS]] (extremely compact OS with [[GUI]], written entirely in [[FASM]] assembly language)
*[[NewOS]]
*[[Syllable (operating system)|Syllable]] (a modern, independently originated OS; see [[AtheOS]])
*[[Visopsys]]
==Embedded==<!-- This section is linked from [[Embedded operating system]] -->
*[[A/ROSE]]
*[[Embedded Linux]]
*[[FreeBSD]]
*[[FreeRTOS]]
*[[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] (distributed OS originally from [[Bell Labs]])
*[[MINIX 3]]
*[[.NET Micro Framework]]
*[[OS/RT]]
*[[Open AT OS]]
*[[polyBSD (embedded NetBSD)]]
*[[QNX]]
*[[ROM-DOS]]
*[[T2 SDE]]
*[[VxWorks]]
*[[Windows XP Embedded]]
*[[Windows CE]]
===Personal digital assistants (PDAs)===
*[[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] (distributed OS originally from [[Bell Labs]])
*[[Palm OS]] from Palm Inc; now spun off as PalmSource
*[[EPOC (computing)|EPOC]] originally from Psion (UK), now from Symbian, preferred name now is [[Symbian OS]]
*[[Windows CE]], from Microsoft
**[[Pocket PC]] from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE.
**[[Windows Mobile]] from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE.
*[[Linux]] on [[Sharp Zaurus]] and [[Ipaq]]
*[[DOS]] on [[Poqet PC]]
*[[Newton OS]] on [[Apple Newton]] Messagepad
*VT-OS for the Vtech Helio
*[[Internet Tablet OS]] based on [[Debian]] [[Linux]] and deployed on [[Nokia|Nokia's]] [[Nokia 770]], [[Nokia N800|N800]] and [[Nokia N810|N810]] Internet Tablets.
===Music players ===
*[[ipodlinux]]
*[[Pixo]]
*[[RockBox]]
===Smartphones===
*[[BlackBerry OS]]
*[[Embedded Linux]]
**[[Android (mobile device platform)|Android]]
**[[Openmoko Linux]]
**[[Mobilinux]]
**[[MontaVista]]
**[[MotoMagx]]
**[[Qtopia]]
**[[LiMo Platform]]
*[[iPhone OS]]
*[[JavaFX Mobile]]
*[[Palm OS]]
*[[Symbian OS]]
*[[Windows CE]]
**[[Windows Mobile]]
===Router===
* [[CatOS]] by [[Cisco Systems]]
* [[Cisco IOS]] (originally Internetwork Operating System) by [[Cisco Systems]]
* [[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] (distributed OS originally from [[Bell Labs]])
* [[IOS-XR]] by [[Cisco Systems]]
* [[ROX]] by [[Ruggedcom]]
* [[CyROS]] by [[Cyclades]]
* [[JunOS]] By [[Juniper Networks]]
* [[ScreenOS]] By [[Juniper Networks]] originally from [[Netscreen]]
* [[DD-WRT]] By [[NewMedia-NET]]
===Microcontroller, Real-time===
*[[BeRTOS]]
*[[ChibiOS/RT]] [[GPL]] licensed [[RTOS]]
*[[ChorusOS]]
*[[Contiki]] written in [[C (programming language)|C]]
*[[DSPnano RTOS| DSPnano RTOS (POSIX nanokernel, DSP Optimizations, Open Source)]]
*[[eCos]]
*[[Segger Microcontroller Systems|embOS (Segger)]]
*[[FreeRTOS]]
*[[Fusion RTOS]]
*[[INtime|INtime RTOS for Windows]], an evolutionary variant of [[RMX|iRMX for Windows]] designed for 32-bit Windows platforms
*[[RMX|iRMX]] (originally developed by [[Intel]], now licensed to TenAsys Corporation)
*[[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] (distributed OS originally from [[Bell Labs]])
*[[Integrity (operating system)|INTEGRITY]]
*[[LUnix]] written in [[6502]]
*[[LynxOS]]
*[[MenuetOS]]
*[[MontaVista|MontaVista Linux]] (see also [[Embedded Linux]])
*[[Nucleus RTOS|Nucleus]]
*[[OS-9]] by Microware
*[[Operating System Embedded]]: OSE
*[[OSEK]]
*[[OS/RT]]
*[[Phoenix-RTOS]]
*[[Prex]]
*[[QNX]]
*[[RTAI]]
*[[RTEMS]] (Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems)
*[[RTLinux]] by [[Wind River Systems]]
*[[SCIOPTA RTOS]]
*[[ThreadX]]
*[[TRON Project]] and [[ITRON Project]] (related to [[BTRON]], [[CTRON]], [[MTRON]], etc.)
*[[μClinux]]
*[[uKOS]]
*[[µOS++]] (micro OS plus plus)
*[[Unison Operating System]] / Unison DSP Operating System (RTOS) / Unison RTOS (Multicore DSP Operating System)
*VRTX / [[Versatile Real-Time Executive]]
*[[VxWorks]] by [[Wind River Systems]]
*[[XMK (operating system)|XMK]] (eXtreme Minimal Kernel)
*[[Xenomai]]
==Capability-based==
*[[KeyKOS]] nanokernel
**[[Extremely Reliable Operating System|EROS]] microkernel
***[[CapROS]] EROS successor
***[[Coyotos]] EROS successor, goal: be first [[Program verification|formally verified]] OS
*[[MONADS]] designed to support the MONADS hardware projects.
**SPEEDOS builds on MONADS ideas
*[[V (operating system)|V]] from Stanford, early 1980s <ref name="capabook"/>
===LEGO Mindstorms===
*[[BrickOS operating system]]
*[[leJOS operating system]]
*[[ChyanOS operating system]]
==See also==
* [[Comparison of operating systems]]
* [[List of Real-time operating systems]]
* [[:Category:Operating systems]]
* [[:Category:Real-time operating systems]]
* [[:Category:Embedded operating systems]]
* [[:Category:Unix]]
* [[:Category:Free software]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.csee.wvu.edu/~jdm/classes/cs258/OScat/ A catalog of operating systems]
[[Category:Operating systems|*List of operating systems]]
[[Category:Lists of software|Operating systems]]
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[[de:Liste der Betriebssysteme]]
[[fr:Liste des systèmes d'exploitation]]
[[id:Daftar sistem operasi]]
[[it:Elenco dei sistemi operativi]]
[[he:מערכות הפעלה]]
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[[hu:Operációs rendszerek listája]]
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[[simple:List of operating systems]]
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