London Zoo 69841 225804249 2008-07-15T14:06:41Z VolkovBot 3035831 robot Adding: [[yi:לאנדאנער זאא]] {{Infobox zoo |zoo_name= ZSL London Zoo |logo=ZSL London Zoo logo.png |logo_width=150px |logo_caption= |image= |image_width= |image_caption= |date_opened=[[1828]] |date_closed= |location=[[Regent's Park]], [[London]], [[England]] |area=36&nbsp;[[acre]]s <ref name="corporate-events">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/corporate-and-private-events/ | title = ZSL Corporate and Private Events | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> (0.108 [[square kilometers|km²]]) |coordinates={{coor dms|51|32|08|N|00|09|21|W|type:landmark_scale:2500}} |num_animals=16,802 (2006)<ref name="inventory">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/about-us/animal-inventory,649,AR.html | title = ZSL Animal Inventory | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2006-12-31]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> |num_species=704 (2006)<ref name="inventory" /> |members=[[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums|WAZA]], [[European Association of Zoos and Aquaria|EAZA]], [[British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums|BIAZA]] |exhibits=Gorilla Kingdom, Blackburn Pavilion, Clore Rainforest Lookout, Into Africa |website=http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/ }} '''[[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] London Zoo''' is the world's oldest scientific [[zoo]].<ref name="ZSL-history">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/about-us/zsls-history,129,AR.html | title = ZSL's History | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> It was opened in [[London]] on [[April 27]] [[1828]],<ref name="science-history">{{cite web | url = http://www.todayinsci.com/4/4_27.htm | title = April 27 | publisher = [http://www.todayinsci.com/ Today in Science History] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> and was originally intended to be used as a collection for [[science|scientific study]]. It was eventually made open to the public in [[1847]].<ref name="ZSL-history" /> Today it houses a collection of 704 [[species]] of [[animal]]s, with 16,802 individuals, making it one of the largest collections in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name="inventory" /> It is managed under the aegis of the [[Zoological Society of London]] (established in [[1826]]),<ref name="ZSL-history" /> and is situated at the northern edge of [[Regent's Park]] (the [[Regent's Canal]] runs through it).<ref name="location">{{cite web | url = http://local.google.co.uk/local?f=q&hl=en&q=&ie=UTF8&om=1&z=16&ll=51.534844,-0.15353&spn=0.008502,0.020127&t=k | title = Google Maps | publisher = [[Google]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> The Society also has a more spacious site at [[Whipsnade Zoo|ZSL Whipsnade Zoo]] in [[Bedfordshire]] to which the larger animals such as elephants and rhinos have been moved.<ref name="elephants-move">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/media/press-releases/796,796,PR.html | title = London elephants to join friends at Whipsnade | date = [[2001-10-30]] |publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref><ref name="elephants-leave">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1631128.stm | title = Elephants leave London | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2001-11-01]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> As well as being the first scientific zoo, ZSL London Zoo also opened the first Reptile house ([[1849]]), first public Aquarium ([[1853]]),<ref name="aquarium-history">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/aquarium/the-history-of-the-aquarium,656,AR.html | title = The History of the Aquarium | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> first insect house ([[1881]]) and the first children's zoo ([[1938]]). ZSL receives no state funding and relies on 'Fellows', 'Friends', 'Members', entrance fees and sponsorship to generate income.<ref name="income">{{cite web | url = http://static.zsl.org/files/volunteering-at-london-zoo-and-whipsnade-wild-animal-park-116.pdf | title = Volunteering at London Zoo and Whipsnade Wild Animal Park | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref><ref name="goodzoos">{{cite web | url = http://www.goodzoos.com/UK%20Zoos/london.htm | title = London Zoo | publisher = [http://www.goodzoos.com/ Good Zoos] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> The closest [[London Underground]] stations are [[Camden Town tube station|Camden Town]] and [[Chalk Farm tube station|Chalk Farm]] and is served by the [[London Buses route 274|274]] bus route.<ref name="directions">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/visit/how-to-find-us,125,AR.html | title = How to find us | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> ==History== [[Image:View of the Zoological Gardens1835.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1835 painting of the camel house.]] ZSL was established by [[Sir]] [[Stamford Raffles]] in 1826,<ref name="ZSL-history" /> who obtained the land for the Zoo and saw the plans before he died of [[apoplexy]] later that year.<ref name="goodzoos" /> After his death the [[Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne|third]] [[Marquess of Lansdowne|Marquis of Lansdowne]] took over the project and supervised the building of the first animal houses.<ref name="goodzoos" /> The Zoo opened in April 1828 to fellows of the Society,<ref name="ZSL-history" /> providing access to species such as [[Arabian Oryx|Arabian oryx]], [[Greater Kudu|greater kudu]]s, [[orangutan]] and the now extinct [[quagga]] & [[thylacine]].<ref name="goodzoos" /> The Society was granted a [[Royal Charter]] in 1829 by [[George IV of the United Kingdom|King George IV]], and in 1847 the Zoo opened to the public to aid funding.<ref name="placestogo">{{cite web | url = http://www.places-to-go.org.uk/London_Zoo.htm | title = London Zoo | publisher = [http://www.places-to-go.org.uk/ Places to Go] | accessdate = 2008-03-11}}</ref><ref name="ZSL-history" /> It was believed that [[tropics|tropical]] animals could not survive outside in London's cold weather and so they were all kept indoors until 1902, when [[Doctor (title)|Dr]] [[Peter Chalmers Mitchell]] was appointed secretary of the Society.<ref name="goodzoos" /> He set about a major reorganisation of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived. This was an idea inspired by [[Zoological Garden of Hamburg|Hamburg Zoo]], and led to newer designs to many of the buildings.<ref name="goodzoos" /> Mitchell also envisaged a new {{convert|600|acre|km2|adj=on}} park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to [[Whipsnade|Whipsnade village]], was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the world's first open zoological park.<ref name="ZSL-history" /> In 1962 'Caroline', an Arabian oryx, was lent to [[Phoenix Zoo]], [[Arizona]] in the world's first international co-operative breeding programme.<ref name="ZSL-history" /> Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species.<ref name="ZSL-history" /> ===Threat of closure=== At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was [[Chester Zoo]], with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the [[wombat]], [[Tasmanian Devil|Tasmanian devil]] or [[Long-nosed Potoroo|long-nosed potoroo]].<ref name="goodzoos" /> Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo's appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.<ref name="goodzoos" /> This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.<ref name="could-be-zoo">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/media/press-releases/null,1867,PR.html | title = It could be Zoo... | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2007-10-04]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref><ref name="goodzoos" /> ==Areas and attractions== [[Image:London Zoo map.svg|right|300px|Map of London Zoo.]] The zoo is currently (2008) undergoing a renovation project aimed at replacing cages with enclosures which recreate animals' natural environments, giving a better lifestyle to the animals, and a more realistic experience to visitors.<ref name="travelgator">{{cite web | url = http://www.travelgator.com/do/attractionDesc?id=3631 | title = London Zoo in London, United Kingdom | publisher = [http://www.travelgator.com/ TravelGator] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref><ref name="new-vision">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/new-environmental-vision-announced-for-london-zoo,169,NS.html | title = New vision announced for London Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2005-07-18]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> In 2005 the "African Bird Safari"<ref name="african-bird-safari">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo//whats-on/african-bird-safari,285,AR.html | title = African Bird Sarafi | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> and "Meet The Monkeys"<ref name="monkey-success">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/meet-the-monkeys-is-a-huge-success,131,NS.html | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | title = Meet the Monkeys is a Huge Success | date = [[2005-04-06]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> walkthroughs opened and in 2006 "Into Africa"<ref name="eye-to-eye">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/media/press-releases/null,1808,PR.html | title = Come eye-to-eye with a Giraffe | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2006-03-31]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> and "Butterfly Paradise"<ref name="butterfly-paradise">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/butterfly-paradise/butterfly-paradise,744,AR.html | title = Butterfly Paradise | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> exhibits opened, while in Easter 2007 the Duke of Edinburgh officially opened the new "Gorilla Kingdom"<ref name="royal">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/new-gorillas-get-the-royal-treatment,350,NS.html | title = New Gorillas get the Royal Treatment | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2007-03-29]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> and "Clore Rainforest Lookout" a walkthrough rainforest replacing the small mammals building.<ref name="taste-of-freedom">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4693027.stm | title = Animals to get taste of freedom | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2005-07-15]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> During Easter 2008 the Bird House reopened as a tropical rainforest called the "Blackburn Pavilion".<ref name="blackburn-pavilion">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/blackburn-pavilion/blackburn-pavilion,850,AR.html | title = Blackburn Pavilion | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> Other plans include the redevelopment of the Children's Zoo and the Lion Terraces.<ref name="new-bird-enclosure">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7306169.stm | title = London Zoo's new bird enclosure | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2008-03-20]] | accessdate = 2008-03-27}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Group ! Number of species ! Number of animals |- | [[Mammal]]s | 83 | 303 |- | [[Bird]]s | 109 | 489 |- | [[Reptile]]s | 75 | 299 |- | [[Amphibian]]s | 20 | 129 |- | [[Fish]] | 191 | 5516 |- | [[Invertebrate]]s | 226 | 10066 |- class="sortbottom" | '''Total''' | '''704''' | '''16802''' |} ===African Bird Safari=== The '''African Bird Safari''' ({{Coord|51|32|6|N|0|9|18.7|W}}) opened in Easter 2005 as a redevelopment of the Stork and Ostrich House, replacing three out-of-date enclosures.<ref name="african-bird-safari" /> It is built around a walk-through design {{convert|51|m|ft|lk=on}} long and {{convert|10|m|ft}} high,<ref name="african-bird-safari" /> incorporating a bridge over a stream and high trees.<ref name="evan">{{cite web | url = http://www.evanevanstours.co.uk/london-zoo.htm | title = ZSL London Zoo | publisher = [http://www.evanevanstours.co.uk/ Evan Evan Tours] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> Species on display include [[Abdim's Stork|Abdim's stork]], [[Superb Starling|superb starling]]s, [[Bernier's Teal|Madagascar teal]]s, [[Von der Decken's Hornbill|Von der Decken's hornbill]]s, [[Lilac-breasted Roller|lilac-breasted roller]] and [[Blue-bellied Roller|blue-bellied roller]].<ref name="african-bird-safari" /><ref name="pitter-patter">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/pitter-patter-of-webbed-feet-at-london-zoo,259,NS.html | title = Pitter Patter of Webbed Feet at ZSL London Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref><ref name="inventory">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/about-us/animal-inventory,649,AR.html | title = ZSL Animal Inventory | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2006-12-31]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> ===Aquarium=== [[Image:London Zoo 00936.jpg|thumb|250px|right|A [[copperband butterflyfish]] in the coral reef hall.]] There has been an aquarium at the Zoo since 1853 and was the first aquarium to be established in the world.<ref name="aquarium-history">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/aquarium/the-history-of-the-aquarium,656,AR.html | title = The History of the Aquarium | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> The word 'aquarium' also originates at London Zoo, beforehand the term for a fish enclosure was 'Aquatic Vivarium'.<ref name="aquarium-history" /> The current aquarium ({{Coord|51|32|6.6|N|0|9|21.9|W}}) was built in 1921 beneath the Mappin Terraces as the public demand to see the fish increased. In April [[1924]] [[George V of the United Kingdom|King George V]] with his wife [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]] opened the aquarium. The exhibit is separated into three halls, each home to different types of fish:<ref name="aquarium-uncovered">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/aquarium/aquarium-uncovered,721,AR.html | title = Aquarium uncovered | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> #The first hall contains species involved in various conservation projects, such as captive-breeding programmes and other ZSL-based initiatives. These include species such as [[rudd]], [[European eel]]s, [[Broad sea fan|pink sea fan]]s, spiny starfish and [[seahorse]]s. #The second hall is a [[coral reef]] habitat with tropical species from across the globe, including [[copperband butterflyfish]] and [[clownfish]].<ref name="inventory">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/about-us/animal-inventory,649,AR.html | title = ZSL Animal Inventory | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2006-12-31]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> #The third hall contains [[Amazon River|Amazon]] fish including [[electric eel]]s, [[glass knifefish]], [[South American lungfish|lungfish]] and [[Ocellate river stingray|stingray]]. The aquarium also includes the Big Fish Tank which holds fish rescued from private homes that had insufficient equipment to look after the fish. This includes [[catfish]], tucunare, [[tambaqui]] and pirapitinga.<ref name="big-tank">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/aquarium/big-fish-tank,662,AR.html | title = Big Fish Tank | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> The breeding room is also visible to the public.<ref name="aquarium-uncovered" /> ===Blackburn Pavilion=== The '''Blackburn Pavilion''' ({{Coord|51|32|1.2|N|0|9|7.5|W}}) opened to the public on [[21 March]] [[2008]] as a revamp of the old Bird House.<ref name="blackburn-pavilion" /> The [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] building was originally built in [[1883]] as a Reptile House using funds raised from the sale of [[Jumbo]] the elephant to Barnum's Circus. The exhibit is named after the Blackburn family, who provided support to the Zoo during the early 1990s when the Zoo was faced with closure.<ref name="blackburn-pavilion" /> Recreating both [[rainforest]] and [[cloud forest]] environments the pavilion holds more than 50 different species of bird including [[toucan]]s, [[starling]]s, [[kookaburra]]s, [[lovebird]]s, and [[hummingbird]]s (the only place in the UK to hold them). The exhibit also contains several species in danger of extinction, or are already extinct in the wild, such as the [[Socorro Dove|socorro dove]].<ref name="blackburn-pavilion" /> Outside the Pavilion is a remarkable clock, installed as part of the refurbishment, which gives an bird-themed display every half hour during the day. ===B.U.G.S=== '''B.U.G.S''' (Biodiversity Underpinning Global Survival), formerly '''Web of Life''', ({{Coord|51|32|3.5|N|0|9|7|W}}) aims to educate the public on biodiversity itself.<ref name="bugs">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/whats-on/catch-up-with-the-b-u-g-s,122,EV.html | title = Catch up with the B.U.G.S! | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> Displaying over 140 species, including [[Leafcutter ant|leaf-cutter ant]]s, [[Mexican redknee tarantula]]s, [[Eudicella gralli|flamboyant flower beetle]]s, [[anteater]]s and [[Phobaeticus serratipes|Malaysian giant stick insect]]s.<ref name="bugs" /><ref name="longest-insect">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/the-longest-insect-in-the-world,36,NS.html | title = The Longest Insect in the World | date = [[2004-08-13]] | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> Since 98% of all known animal life are invertebrates the majority of the species on display are also invertebrates.<ref name="bugs" /> The building is environmentally friendly, constructed from materials requiring little energy to produce, and generating its heating from visitors' and animals' body heat.<ref name="bugs" /> B.U.G.S is also home to ZSLs Invertebrate Conservation Unit, a facility for the breeding of invertebrates.<ref name="bugs" /> ===Butterfly Paradise=== [[Image:London Zoo Atlas Moth.jpg|right|250px|thumb|An [[atlas moth]] in Butterfly Paradise.]] The '''Butterfly Paradise''' exhibit ({{Coord|51|32|6.5|N|0|9|8.8|W}}), launched in [[May 2006]], holds [[butterfly]] and [[moth]] species from several major regions, including [[Africa]], [[Southeast Asia]], and [[Central America|Central]] & [[South America]].<ref name="butterfly-paradise" /> The species of both fauna and flora have been selected to complement each, with the plants having to provide nectar and breeding areas for the animals.<ref name="butterfly-planting">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/butterfly-paradise/planting-in-paradise,754,AR.html | title = Planting in Paradise | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> Species on display include [[Parthenos sylvia|clipper butterfly]], [[Hypolimnas bolina|great eggfly butterfly]], [[Heliconius charithonia|zebra longwing]] and [[Heliconius melpomene|postman butterfly]].<ref name="inventory" /> Like much of the Zoo the exhibit aims to educate the public on conservation projects, such as species recovery programmes, habitat protection initiatives and climate change issues.<ref name="butterfly-paradise" /> Alongside the free-flying exhibit there is a pupae breeding room allowing the public to see the development of new butterflies.<ref name="pupae">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/butterfly-paradise/pupae-and-breeding-room,746,AR.html | title = Pupae Breeding Room | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> ===Children's Zoo=== The '''Ambika Paul Children’s Zoo''' ({{Coord|51|32|2.5|N|0|9|14.9|W}}), is based around two sections, the Pet Care Centre and the Paddock which both provides a hands-on experience aimed at children.<ref name="childrens-zoo">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/whats-on/childrens-zoo,123,EV.html | title = Children's Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> The Pet Care Centre offers advice on keeping and caring for your [[pet]]s and [[animal]]s on display include species of [[rabbit]]s, [[guinea pig]]s, [[mouse|mice]], [[rat]]s, [[Phasmatodea|stick insect]]s, [[chinchilla]]s, [[degu]]s and [[snail]]s. The paddock includes [[Domestic sheep|sheep]], [[Anglo-Nubian|Anglo Nubian goat]]s, [[pygmy goat]]s, [[llama]]s, [[alpaca]]s, [[reindeer]] and [[Tamworth Pig|Tamworth pig]]s.<ref name="childrens-zoo" /><ref name="inventory" /> It was set up in 1994 from a donation by Swraj Paul in memory of his daughter, Ambika Paul, who died of [[leukemia]].<ref name="childrens-zoo" /> At the [[ZSL]] AGM in June 2008, it was announced that a new Children's Zoo would open in 2009 on the site of the current attraction.<ref name="2008-report">{{cite web | url = http://static.zsl.org/files/annualreport-smalld-f-538.pdf | title = 2007/2008 Annual Report | publisher = [[ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-06-30 | date = [[2008-06-17]]}}</ref> ===Clore Rainforest Lookout=== The '''Clore Rainforest Lookout''' ({{Coord|51|32|10.9|N|0|9|18.9|W}}) was opened by [[Royal Highness|HRH]] [[Duke of Edinburgh]] on [[29 March]] and opened to the public on [[30 March]] [[2007]].<ref name="royal" /><ref name="clore">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/clore-rainforest-lookout/ | title = Clore Rainforest Lookout | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> The Lookout replaces the ''Charles Clore Pavilion for Mammals'', which was built in 1967, with the aid of the ''Clore Duffield Foundation''.<ref name="about-clore">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/clore-rainforest-lookout/about-the-clore-rainforest-lookout,634,AR.html | title = About the Clore Rainforest Lookout | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> The exhibit recreates the [[South America]]n rainforest and provides [[Canopy (forest)|canopy]] and forest floor levels for the public to wander through.<ref name="about-clore" /> Species on display include [[two-toed sloth]]s, [[Common agouti|agouti]]s, [[Silvery Marmoset|silvery marmoset]]s, [[Golden-headed Lion Tamarin|golden-headed lion tamarin]]s, [[Goeldi's Marmoset|Goeldi’s monkey]]s, [[White-headed Marmoset|Geoffroy’s marmoset]]s, [[potto]]s, [[slow loris]], [[slender loris]], [[Emperor Tamarin|emperor tamarin]]s, [[Lac Alaotra Gentle Lemur|gentle lemur]]s and [[Pygmy Marmoset|pygmy marmoset]]s.<ref name="about-clore" /><ref name="inventory" /> ''Nightzone'', a darkened section, provides an insight into nocturnal rainforest life. This area includes [[Rodrigues Flying Fox|Rodrigues fruit bat]]s, [[Long-nosed Potoroo|long-nosed potoroo]]s, [[emperor scorpion]]s and [[Malagasy Giant Rat|Malasay giant jumping rat]]s.<ref name="nightzone">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/clore-rainforest-lookout/nightzone,633,AR.html | title = Nightzone | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> ===Gorilla Kingdom=== [[Image:ZSL Gorilla Kingdom.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Bobby, a western lowland gorilla, on the island]] '''Gorilla Kingdom''' ({{Coord|51|32|7.2|N|0|9|18.4|W}}) is a flagship {{convert|6000|m2|sqft|lk=on|adj=on}} exhibit which opened in Easter 2007.<ref name="times-gorilla">{{cite web | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article1588944.ece | title = Three’s company on gorilla love island | publisher = [[Times Online]] | date = [[2007-03-30]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> It is a 5.3-million pound development that took 18 months to build,<ref name="gorilla-kingdom">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/gorilla-kingdom/ | title = Gorilla Kingdom | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> was launched by HRH [[Duke of Edinburgh]] on [[29 March]] and opened to the public on [[30 March]] [[2007]].<ref name="royal" /> It replaces old [[monkey]] enclosures with a giant moated island and indoor gym that is home to a group of [[Western Lowland Gorilla|western lowland gorilla]]s.<ref name="urbangorillas">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6507747.stm | title = New home for urban gorillas | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-03-29]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> There are currently four gorillas in the enclosure: Bobby, a 23-year-old male; Zaire, a 32-year-old female, Effie, a 14-year-old female and Mjukuu, a 9-year-old female<ref name="Mjukuu">{{cite web |url=http://www.gorilla-haven.org/jrdavis-gorilla-studbook/1531.htm|title=1531 Mjukuu|publisher=James R. Davis Gorilla Studbook (Gorilla Haven)|date=[[2008-05-07]]|accessdate = 2008-05-08}}</ref> brought in from [[Chessington World of Adventures|Chessington]].<ref name="meet">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/gorilla-kingdom/meet-the-gorillas,30,PS.html | title = Meet the gorillas | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref><ref name="kingdomopens">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6499593.stm | title = 'Gorilla kingdom' opens in London | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-03-28]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> The area also holds [[black-and-white colobus]] monkeys.<ref name="royal" /> The exhibit is also home to [[mangabey]]s, [[monitor lizard]]s, a variety of bird species and [[Diana Monkey|Diana monkey]].<ref name="royal" /> The exhibit was inspired by a conservation project that is managed by ZSL in [[Gabon]].<ref name="gorillaconservation">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/gorilla-kingdom/gorilla-conservation,608,AR.html | title = Gorilla Conservation | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref><ref name="bushmeat">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/field-conservation/bushmeat-and-forest/ | title = Bushmeat & forests conservation | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> It has been planted with plants and herbs that the gorillas can eat while the island itself represents a natural [[forest]] clearing in the [[African rainforest|Central African rainforest]]. A visitor to the exhibit will learn about the plight of western lowland gorillas in the wild and conservation of rainforests, while being separated from the animals on the island by either a [[moat]] or a floor to ceiling window. ===Into Africa=== '''Into Africa''' ({{Coord|51|32|8.6|N|0|9|28|W}}) opened on [[1 April]] [[2006]],<ref name="fitzpatrick">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/discovery-learning/meet-the-team/meet-the-keeper-malcolm-fitzpatrick-curator-of-mammals,371,AR.html | title = Malcolm Fitzpatrick, Curator of Mammals | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref> and features a high level viewing platform to bring the public face-to-face with the giraffes.<ref name="eye-to-eye" /> Zebras were reintroduced to the Zoo after an 8-year absence, joining the [[Rothschild giraffe]] in the main enclosure.<ref name="into-africa">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/whats-on/into-africa,133,EV.html | title = Into Africa | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> After a survey found that 95% of visitors preferred enclosures without bars the decision was made to use glass windows instead, to bring the public closer to the animals and gain a more intimate experience.<ref name="eye-to-eye" /> [[African Wild Dog|African hunting dog]]s can be observed through periscopes and observation pods while other species include [[warthog]], [[okapi]] and [[Red River Hog|red river hog]]s.<ref name="into-africa" /><ref name="eye-to-eye" /> ===Komodo Dragons=== [[Image:London Zoo 01050.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Raja, the male Komodo dragon.]] The '''Komodo Dragon''' enclosure ({{Coord|51|32|4.6|N|0|9|21.5|W}}), opened on [[12 July]] [[2004]] by [[David Attenborough|Sir David Attenborough]],<ref name="dragons-arrive">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/komodo-dragons-arrive,41,NS.html | title = Komodo Dragons Arrive | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2004-08-02]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref> mimics a dry river bed with a curving {{convert|20|m|ft|adj=on}} glass wall.<ref name="komodo">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/whats-on/komodo-dragons-at-london-zoo,125,EV.html | title = Komodo Dragons | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> There is one adult dragon, Raja, and two babies.<ref name="st-george">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/four-new-dragons-for-st-george,256,NS.html | title = Four new dragons for St George | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref> The [[Komodo dragon]]s were introduced as part of the European Conservation Breeding Programme.<ref name="komodo-conservation">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/field-conservation/island-ecosystems/komodo-dragon-conservation-in-indonesia,294,AR.html | title = Komodo dragon conservation in Indonesia | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref><ref name="dragons-arrive" /> ===Mappin Terraces=== When the '''Mappin Terraces''' ({{Coord|51|32|6|N|0|9|24.3|W}}) opened in [[1913]],<ref name="ZSL-architecture" /> it was the first time that members of the public could see animals in an [[arctic]] environment.<ref name="londondrum">{{cite web | url = http://www.londondrum.com/cityguide/london-zoo.php | title = London Zoo, in Regent's Park | publisher = [http://www.londondrum.com/ London Drum] | accessdate = 2008-03-13}}</ref> .<ref name="ZSL-architecture" /> In the past it has been home to [[Polar bear]]s, [[Ibex]], [[Snow Leopard]]s and other mountain creatures. The Mappin Terraces will soon hold wallabies and emus. Work is currently underway on site to get the new exhibit finished. When visitors visit the aquarium they do not realise that they are in fact walking underneath the artificial mountains and the reservoirs that hold the water for the aquarium. ===Meet The Monkeys=== '''Meet The Monkeys''' ({{Coord|51|31|59.7|N|0|9|5.9|W}}) is a {{convert|1500|m2|sqft|lk=off|adj=on}} enclosure which was opened on [[21 March]] [[2005]] by [[Noel Fielding]] and [[Julian Barratt]], of [[The Mighty Boosh]].<ref name="monkey-walkthrough">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/exhibits/meet-the-monkeys-walkthrough,792,AR.html | title = Meet the Monkeys Walkthrough | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref><ref name="monkey-success" /> The exhibit is open, with no roof, and no boundaries between the public and animals.<ref name="revolutionary-monkey">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/a-revolutionary-new-monkey-walk-through-at-london-zoo,113,NS.html | title = A revolutionary new monkey walkthrough at London Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref> Designed to recreate the [[Bolivia]]n [[Rainforest]], it holds [[Black-capped Squirrel Monkey|black-capped squirrel monkey]]s which are part of the European Conservation Breeding Programme.<ref name="meet-the-monkeys">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/whats-on/meet-the-monkeys,126,EV.html | title = Meet the Monkeys | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref> The Zoos outer boundary had to be increased to accommodate the new enclosure, encroaching into [[Regent's Park]] to the south-east.<ref name="meet-the-monkeys" /><ref name="visitor-info">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/visit/ | title = Visitor Information | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-07}}</ref> ===Reptile House=== The '''Reptile House''' ({{Coord|51|32|6.6|N|0|9|20.7|W}}) opened in [[1927]] and was designed by Joan Beauchamp Proctor and Sir [[Guy Dawber|Edward Guy Dawber]].<ref name="ZSL-architecture" /> Visitors may notice Reptiles and other animals carved by [[George Alexander]] on the front of the building.<ref name="ZSL-architecture" /> It is currently home to various [[reptile]]s including [[lizard]]s, [[tortoise]]s, [[crocodile]]s and [[snake]]s, adjacent to the house is the [[Komodo dragon|Komodo Dragon]] house (see above). ===Round House=== The Round House opened in 1933, it was first built to accommodate a pair of [[gorilla]]s, since it has been home to [[orangutan]]s, [[macaque]]s, [[binturong]], [[koala]]s and a breeding colony of [[chimpanzee]]s. The Round House features a unique mechanism which allows the enclosure to rotate to allow the visitors to either view the inside or outside enclosure, for example if the gorillas were outside the guests would view them from the inside quarters vice versa. Since apes left the building the device has not been used for several years. In 2002 a pair of [[Aye Aye]]s moved into the inside area from [[Jersey Zoo]] on breeding loan and since the outside area has been used to hold a male group of [[Ring-tailed lemur]]s. ===Snowdon Aviary=== [[Image:London Zoo Avery.JPG|right|thumb|250px|The Snowdon Aviary]] The '''Snowdon Aviary''' ({{Coord|51|32|11.1|N|0|9|26.9|W}}) was designed by [[Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon]], [[Cedric Price]] and [[Frank Newby]], and built in 1964.<ref name="ZSL-architecture">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/about-us/zoo-architecture,103,AR.html | title = ZSL Architecture | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> Over the years a variety of birds have been kept in the aviary from [[Bird of prey|birds of prey]] to [[waterfowl]]. The current birds in the aviary include [[Green Peafowl|green peafowl]], [[Sacred Ibis|sacred ibis]], [[Little Egret|little egret]]s, [[Cattle Egret|cattle egret]]s, [[night heron]]s, [[Northern Bald Ibis|waldrapp]], [[duck]]s, [[Columbidae|pigeon]]s and [[Grey-headed Gull|African grey-headed gull]]s.<ref name="">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/london-zoo/news/animals-at-the-zoo,61,NS.html | title = Snowdon Aviary - London Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> The Snowdon Aviary was spoofed in the ''[[Scotland (Goodies episode)|Scotland]]'' and ''[[The Goodies and the Beanstalk]]'' episodes of ''[[The Goodies (TV series)|The Goodies]]'' television series. ===Zoo World=== Built around the Casson Pavilion, originally the old [[Elephant]] and [[Rhinoceros|Rhino]] House,<ref name="go-london">{{cite web | url = http://golondon.about.com/od/londonzoo/ig/London-Zoo-Photos/Zoo-World.htm | title = Zoo World/Casson Pavilion | publisher = About.com | accessdate = 2008-03-13}}</ref> '''Zoo World''' ({{Coord|51|32|4.4|N|0|9|16.5|W}}) is now home to [[Bearded Pig|bearded pig]]s, [[Bactrian Camel|bactrian camel]]s and also provides a winter home for the [[Pygmy Hippopotamus|pygmy hippo]]s.<ref name=map">{{cite web | url = https://static.zsl.org/images/originals/london-zoo-map-february-200-1088.jpg | title = London Zoo Map | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-13}}</ref> Previously this house was a temporary home to monkeys and birds while the Clore Rainforest Lookout and Blackburn Pavilion was built. Inside the house displays inform visitors about the zoo and its various conservation programs.<ref name="go-london" /> ===Others=== There are many other animals that are not part of a specific exhibit, these include; [[gibbon]]s, [[vulture]]s, [[tiger]]s, [[lion]]s, [[serval]]s, [[parrot]]s, [[spider monkey]]s, [[penguin]]s, [[meerkat]]s, [[otter]]s, [[lemur]]s, [[aye-aye]]s and [[tapir]]s. ==Future developments== Plans have been announced to build a new [[amphibian]] exhibit named '''Frog World'''. This will be part of a major ZSL amphibian conservation project costing £2.2 million also including a disease-research laboratory and a captive-breeding programme.<ref name="bbc-frog-world">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4298050.stm | title = New Frog Centre for London Zoo | publisher = [[BBC News]] | author = Richard Black | date = [[2005-10-02]] | accessdate = 2008-03-06}}</ref> In the 2007/8 Annual Report it was announced that the Children's Zoo is to be redesigned, with an expected opening date to be in 2009.<ref name="2008-report" /> These new developments are all part of the new masterplan to create better accessibility, which involves relocating the main entrance to the east, adjacent to the Broad Walk in Regent's Park.<ref name="terryfarrell">{{cite web | url = http://www.terryfarrell.co.uk/projects/relaxing/relax_londonZoo.html | title = London Zoo Masterplan | publisher = [http://www.terryfarrell.co.uk Terry Farrell and Partners] | accessdate = 2008-03-11}}</ref> ==Notable animals== [[Image:Quagga photo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The only photograph of a living quagga was taken at London Zoo in [[1870]].]] Throughout its history the Zoo has had many well-known residents. These may have been scientifically important individuals or simply beloved by the public. The Zoo was home to the only living [[quagga]] ever to be photographed, before the species became [[extinct in the wild]] due to hunting in [[southern Africa]] in about 1870. Another now extinct species the Zoo held was a number of [[thylacine]]s, or marsupial wolves.<ref name="famous-animals">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/discovery-learning//zoo-world/famous-animals,98,AR.html | title = Famous animals | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> The first [[hippopotamus]] to be seen in Europe since the Roman Empire, and the first in England since prehistoric times, arrived at London Zoo in May 1850 as a gift from the Ottoman Viceroy of Egypt in exchange for some [[greyhound]]s and [[deerhound]]s. The hippo was named Obaysch and led to a doubling of the Zoos visitors that year.<ref name="cusack">{{cite web | url = http://www.andrewcusack.com/blog/2007/12/obaysch_the_hippo.php | title = Obaysch the Hippo | publisher = [http://www.andrewcusack.com/ Andrew Cusack] | date = [[2007-12-24]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> In [[1865]], [[Jumbo]], the largest [[elephant]] known at the time, was transferred to the Zoo from [[Jardin des Plantes]] in [[Paris]]. His name, possibly from ''Jambo'', [[swahili]] for ''hello'', become an epithet for anything of large size, such as [[Boeing]]'s [[Boeing 747|747]] [[Jumbo jet]]. He unfortunately became aggressive in old age, and had to stop giving rides; he was sold to [[P. T. Barnum|Phineas Barnum]]'s circus, the [[Barnum & Bailey Circus]], in [[1882]], where he was later crushed by a [[locomotive]] and killed.<ref name="victorian-london">{{cite web | url = http://www.victorianlondon.org/entertainment/londonzoo.htm | title = London Zoo | publisher = [http://www.victorianlondon.org/ Victorian London] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> [[Winnipeg bear]] (or Winnie) was an [[American Black Bear|American black bear]] given to the Zoo in [[1914]] by a [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Lieutenant]], [[Harry Colebourn]]. [[A. A. Milne]] visited with his son [[Christopher Robin Milne|Christopher Robin]], and the boy was so enamoured with the bear Milne wrote the famous series of books for him entitled ''[[Winnie-the-Pooh]]''.<ref name="famous-animals" /> A [[2004 in film|2004 film]] ''A Bear Named Winnie'' is based on the story of Winnie the bear, with [[Michael Fassbender]] playing Harry Colebourn.<ref name="bear-named-winnie">{{cite web | url = http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0437088/ | title = A Bear Named Winnie | publisher = [[IMDb]] | accessdate = 2008-03-27}}</ref> [[Image:Guy the Gorilla statue.jpg|right|thumb|250px|A bronze statue of Guy commemorates him in Barclay Court.]] [[Guy the Gorilla|Guy]], a [[Western Lowland Gorilla|western lowland gorilla]], arrived at the Zoo on [[Guy Fawkes Night]] (hence the name) [[1947]] from Paris Zoo, and lived at the Zoo until his death in [[1978]]. Over his 32-year life he became one of the Zoos best-loved residents.<ref name="guy">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/guy-the-gorilla-a-life-remembered,409,NS.html | title = Guy the Gorilla: A Life Remembered | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> After years of trying to find a mate, in [[1969]] five-year-old Lomie arrived from [[Chessington Zoo]]. They were kept separated for a year to adjust to each other, until they were finally united. Although they got on well together they never produced any offspring.<ref name="guy" /> In 1982 Guy was commemorated by a [[bronze]] statue, sculptured by William Timyn, in the Zoos Barclay Court.<ref name="guy" /> On [[27 November]] [[1949]] Brumas became the first [[polar bear]] to be successfully bred at the Zoo, and immediately became a major attraction with the public. This led to the Zoos annual attendance to rise to over 3 million in [[1950]] - a figure that has yet to be topped. Although a female, the press reported that she was a 'he' and this was not corrected at the time, leading the public to believe the bear was a male.<ref name="famous-animals" /> Eighteen years later, on [[1 December]] [[1967]] the second polar bear bred at the Zoo, this time a male, was born. He was named Pipaluk ([[Inuit language|Inuit]] for ''little one'') but, in [[1985]], had to leave the Zoo when the Mappin Terraces closed.<ref name="famous-animals" /> The Zoo's first [[giant panda]], Chi Chi, arrived in [[1958]]. Although originally destined for an American zoo, [[Washington D. C.|Washington]] had ceased all trade with [[communism|communist]] [[People's Republic of China|China]] and so Chi Chi was refused entry to the United States. In the interests of conservation, ZSL had stated they would not encourage the collection of wild pandas. However, when it was pointed out that Chi Chi had already been collected her purchase was approved, and she immediately become the star attraction at London Zoo. As the only giant panda in the west she was the inspiration of [[Peter Scott]]'s design for the [[World Wildlife Fund]] logo. In July [[1972]] Chi Chi died and was publicly mourned.<ref name="goodzoos" /> For four days in late August [[2005]] the Zoo ran an exhibit entitled the [[Human zoo|Human Zoo]], which put eight [[human]]s on display in the Mappin Terraces. The idea behind the exhibit was the demonstrate the basic nature of man as an animal and examine the impact we have on the animal kingdom.<ref name="BBC-human-zoo">{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4184466.stm | title = Humans strip bare for zoo exhibit | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2005-08-25]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref><ref name="ZSL-human-zoo">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/the-human-zoo,180,NS.html | title = The Human Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2005-08-17]] | accessdate = 2008-03-03}}</ref> Today the Zoo holds the only population of [[humming birds]] and [[socorro dove]]s (which are extinct in the wild) in the United Kingdom in the Blackburn Pavilion.<ref name="new-bird-enclosure" /> ==Architecture at the Zoo== [[Image:Gardens of the Zoological Society Regent's Park 1828 - Project Gutenberg eText 11389.png|thumb|250px|right|Bird's eye view of the Gardens of the Zoological Society, circa 1828]] Since its earliest days, the zoo has prided itself on appointing leading [[architect]]s to design its buildings, today it holds two Grade I, and eight Grade II [[Listed building|listed structures]].<ref name="architecture">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/zsl-london-zoo/news/architecture-at-the-zoo,271,NS.html | title = Architecture at the Zoo | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | date = [[2006-06-15]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> The initial grounds were laid out in 1828 by [[Decimus Burton]], the Zoos first official architect from 1826 to 1841, made famous for his work on the [[Coliseum Theatre]] and [[Marble Arch]].<ref name="goodzoos" /> Burton's work began with the Clock Tower in 1828 above what was then the llama house, which today is the first aid kiosk.<ref name="architecture" /> In 1830 the East Tunnel, which linked the north and south parts of the zoo together for the first time, was completed, which also acted as a bomb shelter during [[World War II]].<ref name="ZSL-architecture">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/about-us/zoo-architecture,103,AR.html | title = ZSL Architecture | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> Burton concluded his work in 1837 with the Giraffe House, which, due to its functional design, still remains in use as the Zoos giraffe enclosure in the ''Into Africa'' exhibit.<ref name="ZSL-architecture" /> After Burton, [[Peter Chalmers Mitchell|Sir Peter Chalmers Mitchell]] and [[John James Joass]] were appointed to design the Mappin Terraces. Completed in 1914, the Mappin Terraces imitates a mountain landscape to provide a naturalistic habitat for bears and other mountain wildlife. In 1933 the Round House, designed by [[Berthold Lubetkin]]'s [[Tecton Group|Tecton Architectural Group]] to house gorillas, was one of the first [[Modern architecture|modernist]] style buildings to be built in Britain. The following year the Penguin Pool, also designed by Tecton, was opened; both are now grade I listed.<ref name="design-museum">{{cite web | url = http://www.designmuseum.org/design/berthold-lubetkin | title = Berthold Lubetkin | publisher = [[Design Museum]] | accessdate = 2008-03-26}}</ref> The Snowdon Aviary, built in 1964 by [[Cedric Price]], [[Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon|Lord Snowdon]] and [[Frank Newby]], made pioneering use of [[aluminium]] and [[tension]] for support. A year later the Casson Pavilion, designed by Sir [[Hugh Casson]] and Neville Conder, was opened as an elephant and rhinoceros house.<ref name="ZSL-architecture" /> ==Filming at the Zoo== [[Image:Harry Potter at London Zoo.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Harry Potter (character)|Harry Potter]] with a [[Burmese python]] in the Reptile House.]] Many [[film]]s and [[television program]]mes have made use of London Zoo as a film set.<ref name="commercial-filming">{{cite web | url = http://www.zsl.org/info/corporate/commercial-filming-photography-and-unit-base-car-parking,579,AR.html | title = Commercial Filming and Photography | publisher = [[Zoological Society of London|ZSL]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> In [[2000]],<ref name="ign-potter">{{cite web | url = http://uk.movies.ign.com/articles/034/034135p1.html | title = Potter set news & pics | publisher = [[IGN]] | date = [[2000-11-15]] | accessdate = 2008-03-28}}</ref> the [[Burmese python]] scene from the [[2001 in film|2001 film]] ''[[Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)|Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone]]'' was filmed at the Zoo's Reptile House. In the film the inhabitant of the tank is a Burmese python, however in reality it is home to a [[black mamba]]. A [[plaque]] beside the enclosure commemorates the event.<ref name="harry-potter">{{cite web | url = http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/h/harry_potter1.html | title = Filming locations for Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | publisher = [http://www.movie-locations.com/ Movie Locations] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> A couple of scenes were filmed here for the [[ITV]] series ''[[Primeval]]''. The first was a confrontation between [[Helen Cutter]] and [[Claudia Brown]] in the old elephant house. The second was a brief scene that showed [[Abby Maitland]] with a Komodo Dragon. Although the fictional Wellington Zoo played a large role in the episode, most scenes were filmed at [[Whipsnade Zoo]].<ref name="commercial-filming" /> In the ''Exploitin'' episode of the [[List of Absolutely Fabulous episodes|fifth series]] of ''[[Absolutely Fabulous]]'', Edina and Patsy steal Saffy's new-born infant for a [[Jean-Paul Gaultier]] fashion shoot at the Zoo.<ref name="commercial-filming" /> <!-- Find a bit more info about this scene A scene from ''[[About a Boy (film)|About a Boy]]'' was filmed there.<ref name="about-a-boy">{{cite web | url = http://www.filmlondon.org.uk/content.asp?CategoryID=812&ArticleID=1720 | title = London Zoo | publisher = Film London | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> --> In the final scene from the [[1987 in film|1987 film]] ''[[Withnail and I]]'' a sad Withnail is shown standing in the pouring rain next to the former wolf enclosure, declaiming the speech [[What a piece of work is a man]] from ''[[Hamlet]]''.<ref name="withnail">{{cite web | url = http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/london_film_festival/article2697992.ece | title = They’re back for one more bender: Withnail and I get together again | publisher = [[Times Online]] | date = [[2007-10-20]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05 | author = Jack Malvern}}</ref> Part of the [[1985 in film|1985 film]] ''[[Turtle Diary]]'', based on the novel by [[Russell Hoban]] and starring [[Ben Kingsley]] and [[Glenda Jackson]], was also filmed here; the film follows a plan to help two of the turtles escape from the Zoo.<ref name="turtle-diary">{{cite web | url = http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0090219/locations | title = Turtle Diary (1985): Filming Locations | publisher = [[IMDb]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> The [[music video]] for the [[Talk Talk]] song ''[[It's My Life (Talk Talk song)|It's my life]]'' was filmed at London Zoo in [[1984]]. The video was used as a statement against the banality of [[lip-sync]]ing and includes mostly footage from [[nature documentary|nature documentaries]] with shots of [[lead singer]] [[Mark Hollis]] in the Zoo keeping his mouth shut, obscured by hand-drawn animated lines. During the [[1981 in film|1981 film]] ''[[An American Werewolf in London]]'' the lead character David Kessler (played by [[David Naughton]]) woke up naked in the wolves enclosure. Several other animals are also seen and you can clearly see the old caged enclosures of the tigers and apes.<ref name="werewolf">{{cite web | url = http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0082010/trivia | title = An American Werewolf in London (1981): Trivia | publisher = [[IMDb]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> A scene from the [[1964 in film|1964 film]] ''[[The Pumpkin Eater]]'' with [[Anne Bancroft]] and [[James Mason]] was also set at the Zoo.<ref name="travelguidelondon">{{cite web | url = http://www.travelguidelondon.co.uk/places-and-tourist-sites/to-the-london-zoo.html | title = To the London Zoo! | publisher = [http://www.travelguidelondon.co.uk/ Travel Guide London] | date = [[2007-12-31]] | accessdate = 2008-03-05}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==External links== {{commonscat}} *[http://www.zsl.org/london-zoo/ London Zoo website] *[http://www.zsl.org/ Zoological Society of London website] *[http://static.zsl.org/files/zsl06-07-report-355.pdf ZSL Annual Review] *[http://www.zsl.org/field-conservation/bushmeat-and-forest/ ZSL Bushmeat and Forest Conservation] *[http://www.victorianlondon.org/entertainment/londonzoo.htm London Zoo in the 19th Century] *[http://www.waza.org/ World Association of Zoos and Aquariums] *[http://www.eaza.net/ European Association of Zoos and Aquaria] *[http://www.biaza.org.uk/ British and Irish Association for Zoos and Aquariums] *[http://www.britishzoos.co.uk/londonzoo/ London Zoo at British Zoos] {{ZSL}} {{British zoos}} {{Zoos}} {{coor title dms|51|32|08|N|00|09|21|W|type:landmark_scale:2500}} [[Category:Cultural and educational buildings in London]] [[Category:Zoos in England]] [[Category:Aquaria in England]] [[Category:Visitor attractions in London]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Westminster]] [[Category:1828 establishments]] [[Category:Grade I listed buildings in London]] [[Category:Grade II* listed buildings in London]] [[Category:Grade II listed buildings in London]] [[Category:Grade I listed zoo buildings]] [[cs:Londýnská zoologická zahrada]] [[da:London Zoo]] [[de:London Zoo]] [[es:Zoológico de Londres]] [[fr:Zoo de Londres]] [[id:Kebun Binatang London]] [[nl:London Zoo]] [[ja:ロンドン動物園]] [[no:London Zoo]] [[fi:Lontoon eläintarha]] [[yi:לאנדאנער זאא]] [[zh-yue:倫敦動物園]] [[zh:伦敦动物园]]