Lubin 75160 222641600 2008-06-30T11:51:31Z Kotniski 5017767 {{distinguish|Lubens}} {{see also|Lubin, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship}} {{Infobox Settlement | name = Lubens | image_skyline = Lubin01.JPG | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = Town Hall | image_flag = POL Lubin flag.svg | image_shield = POL Lubin COA.svg | pushpin_map = Poland | pushpin_label_position = bottom | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{POL}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Lower Silesian Voivodeship|Lower Silesian]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Lubin County]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]] | subdivision_name3 = Lubin <small>(urban gmina)</small> | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Robert Raczyński | established_title = Established | established_date = [[12th century]] | established_title3 = City rights | established_date3 = 1295 | area_total_km2 = 40.77 | population_as_of = 2006 | population_total = 76595 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset_DST = +2 | latd = 51 | latm = 24 | lats = | latNS = N | longd = 16 | longm = 12 | longs = | longEW = E | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 59-300 | area_code = +48 76 | blank_name = [[Polish car number plates|Car plates]] | blank_info = DLU | website = http://www.lubin.pl }} '''Lubin''' [{{IPA-pl|'|l|u|b|i|n}}] ([[German language|German]]: ''Lüben'') is a town in south-western [[Poland]], on the [[Zimnica River]]. As of the [[2004]] [[census]], the town had a total population of 77,625. Lubin is situated in [[Lower Silesian Voivodeship]] (from 1975&ndash;1998 it was in the former [[Legnica Voivodeship]]). Lubin is the seat of [[Lubin County]], and also of the rural district called [[Gmina Lubin]] (although it is not part of the territory of the latter, as the town forms a separate urban [[gmina]]). The third-largest Polish corporation, [[KGHM Polska Miedź]], has its headquarters in Lubin. ==History== Lubin developed out of two historical settlements. According to legend the [[voivode]] [[Piotr Włostowic]] of [[Dunin]] (1080-1153) had the [[fieldstone church]] built on the hill in the west of Lubin, where about 1230 a [[castellany]] and a village arose that until today is called the ''Old Town'' ([[Polish language|Polish]]: Stary Lubin). This settlement was first mentioned under the [[Old Polish]] name of ''Lubin'' in a 1267 deed by [[Pope Clement IV]] as a [[fiefdom]] of the [[Trzebnica]] [[abbey]]. The New Town of what is today Lubin was probably founded about [[1280]] by [[Ostsiedlung|German settlers]], maybe from the [[Low Countries]] or [[Franconia]], within the [[Duchy]] of [[Ścinawa]]. It obtained its [[Magdeburg rights|city]] rights about [[1295]]. From [[1331]] it belonged to the [[Bohemia]]n crown and shared the political fortunes of [[Silesia]]. In [[1742]] it became a part of [[Prussia]]. In [[1871]] it was connected by rail to [[Legnica]] and [[Głogów]]. During [[World War II]] about 70% of the city's buildings were destroyed. In 1945 between the days of 8-10 February [[Red Army]] soldiers mass-murdered 150 pensioners in an old-people's home and 500 psychiatric hospital patients in Lubin<ref>[http://www.ipn.gov.pl/biuletyn/4/biuletyn4_51.html]{{Dead link|date=March 2008}}</ref>. As a result of the decisions taken at the [[Potsdam Conference]], the city became a part of Poland and the German population was [[Expulsion of Germans after World War II|expelled]] and replaced by Poles, many of them expelees themselves from areas of [[Kresy|eastern Poland]] annexed by the Soviet Union. In [[1982]] the town saw significant demonstrations against the [[Martial law in Poland|martial law]] declared by the Communist regime, which were put down by security units, resulting in the deaths of three people<ref>[http://www.lubin82.pl/index.html Lubin 1982 - wydarzenia z 31 sierpnia 1982, stan wojenny, fotografie - Solidarność, historia współczesna, historia stanu wojennego, ZOMO, milicja, podziemie, władza ludowa, demonstracja, opozycja, Michał Adamowicz, Andrzej Trajkowski, Mieczysławie Poźniak, ofiary<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951804,00.html Defiance in the Streets - TIME<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. == Education == * [[Uczelnia Zawodowa Zagłębia Miedziowego]] ==Sports== * [[Zagłębie Lubin]] - men's football team, champion of Poland in [[1990]]/[[1991]] and [[Orange Ekstraklasa 2006/2007|2006/2007]]. * [[Interferie Zagłębie Lubin]] - men's [[Handball in Poland|handball]] team playing in [[Polish Ekstraklasa Men's Handball League]] (champion of Poland in season [[2006]]/[[2007]]) and women's [[Handball in Poland|handball]] team playing in [[Polish Ekstraklasa Women's Handball League]]. == Transport == Roads: No. 3 (International E65) - Jakuszyce-Legnica-Lubin-Zielona Góra-Gorzów Wielkopolski-Szczecin-Świnoujście No. 36 - Rawicz-Lubin-Prochowice(-Wrocław) Lubin has an international [[Lubin-Obora Airport|airport]] with a 1000m concrete/asphalt runway. == References == <references/> ==External links== <!-- ============================================================ --> <!-- No more links here without discussion!--> <!-- ============================================================ --> *[http://www.lubin.pl/ Official Lubin website] *[http://galeria.lubin.pl/ Photo Gallery - Lubin and Zaglebie] *[http://www.lubin82.pl/index_eng.html Lubin Iniquity 1982] *[http://www.zaglebie-lubin.pl/ Zaglebie Lubin football club] {{Commons|Lubin}} {{Lubin County}} {{Gmina Lubin}} {{coor title dm|51|24|N|16|12|E|}} [[Category:Settlements established in the 12th century]] [[Category:Cities and towns in Lower Silesian Voivodeship]] [[cs:Lubin]] [[de:Lubin]] [[eo:Lubin]] [[fr:Lubin (Pologne)]] [[id:Lubin]] [[it:Lubin]] [[jv:Lubin]] [[csb:Lubin]] [[lv:Lubina]] [[jbo:lubin]] [[mr:ल्युबिन]] [[nl:Lubin]] [[no:Lubin]] [[pl:Lubin]] [[pt:Lubin]] [[ro:Lubin]] [[qu:Lubin]] [[ru:Любин]] [[szl:Lubin]] [[sv:Lubin]]