Lymphadenopathy
1010729
225085835
2008-07-11T20:24:54Z
Thijs!bot
1392310
robot Adding: [[es:Adenopatía]]
{{SignSymptom infobox |
Name = Lymphadenopathy |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|I|88||i|80}}, {{ICD10|L|04||l|00}}, {{ICD10|R|59|1|r|50}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|289.1}}-{{ICD9|289.3}}, {{ICD9|683}}, {{ICD9|785.6}} |
ICDO = |
Image = |
Caption = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = ped |
eMedicineTopic = 1333 |
DiseasesDB = 22225 |
MeshID = D008206 |
}}
'''Lymphadenopathy''' is a term meaning "disease of the [[lymph nodes]]." It is, however, almost synonymously used with "swollen/enlarged lymph nodes".
When the infection is of the lymph nodes themselves, it is called '''lymphadenitis''', but when the infection is of the lymph channels, it is called '''[[lymphangitis]]'''.
==Associated conditions==
Enlarged lymph nodes are a common symptom in a number of infectious and cancerous diseases. It is a recognized symptom of many diseases, which include:
* reactive: acute [[infection]] (e.g. [[bacterial]], or [[virus|viral]]), or chronic infections ([[tuberculous lymphadenitis]], [[cat-scratch disease]]).
** The most distinctive symptom of [[bubonic plague]] is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as 'buboes'. The buboes often become necrotic and may even rupture.
** Infectious [[mononucleosis]] is an acute viral infection, the hallmark of which is marked enlargement of the [[cervical lymph nodes]].
** it is also a symptom of cutaneous [[anthrax]], [[measles]] and [[sleeping sickness|Human African trypanosomiasis]], the latter two giving lymphadenopathy in lymph nodes in the neck
**[[toxoplasmosis]], a [[parasitic disease]], gives a generalized lymphadenopathy<ref name=Status/>
* [[tumoral]]:
** Primary: [[Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[hairy cell leukemia]], give lymphadenopathy in all or a few lymph nodes <ref name=Status> Status and anamnesis, Anders Albinsson. Page 12 </ref>
** Secondary: [[metastasis]], [[Virchow's Node]], [[Neuroblastoma]]
* [[autoimmune]] etiology: [[sarcoidosis]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] all giving a generalized lymphadenopathy.<ref name=Status/>
* immunocompromised etiology: [[AIDS]]. Generalized lymphadenopathy is an early sign of infection with [[human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). "Lymphadenopathy syndrome" has been used to describe the first symptomatic stage of [[HIV]] progression, preceding [[AIDS-related complex]] and full-blown [[AIDS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aproposinc.com/hap/types.htm|title=Understanding and Preventing AIDS: A Book for Everyone|author=Chris Jennings|year=1993}}</ref>
* bites from certain venomous snake species, most notably the [[black mamba]], [[krait]]s, Australian [[Pseudonaja|brown snakes]], [[coral snake]]s, [[tiger snake]]s, [[taipan]]s, [[Acanthophis|death adder]]s, and some of the more toxic species of [[cobra]].
==Patterns of Benign (Reactive) Lymphadenopathy==
There are three distinct patterns of benign lymphadenopathy:
* Follicular hyperplasia. Seen in infections, autoimmune disorders, and nonspecific reactions.
* Paracortical hyperplasia. Seen in viral infections, skin diseases, and nonspecific reactions.
* Sinus histiocytosis. Seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies.
== Bilateral Hilar Lymphadenopathy (BHL) ==
Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is a [[radiography|radiographic]] term that describes the enlargement of [[mediastinal]] [[lymph]] nodes. It is easily and most commonly identified by a [[chest x-ray]].
=== Causes of BHL<sup>3</sup> ===
* Sarcoidosis
* Infection
** TB
** Mycoplasma
* Malignancy
** Lymphoma
** Carcinoma
** Mediastinal Tumours
* Organic Dust Disease
** Silicosis
** Berylliosis
* Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis
** Such as pigeon fancier's lung
*Less common causes also exist: ''(needs citation)''
**[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]]
**[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]]
**[[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis]]
**[[Pneumoconiosis]]
==References==
<references/>
{{Vascular diseases}}
{{Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue}}
{{General symptoms and signs}}
3. {{cite book
| last = M. Longmore, I. Wilkinson, T. Turmezei, CK. Cheug
| first =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 7th Edition
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| date = 2007
| location = United States, New York
| pages = 179
| url =
| doi =
| id =
| isbn = 0-19356887-1}}
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[de:Lymphadenopathie]]
[[es:Adenopatía]]
[[fr:Adénopathie]]
[[id:Limfadenopati]]
[[he:לימפדנופתיה]]
[[lt:Limfadenitas]]
[[pl:Limfadenopatia]]
[[pt:Linfadenopatia]]
[[ru:Лимфаденопатия]]