Lymphadenopathy 1010729 225085835 2008-07-11T20:24:54Z Thijs!bot 1392310 robot Adding: [[es:Adenopatía]] {{SignSymptom infobox | Name = Lymphadenopathy | ICD10 = {{ICD10|I|88||i|80}}, {{ICD10|L|04||l|00}}, {{ICD10|R|59|1|r|50}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|289.1}}-{{ICD9|289.3}}, {{ICD9|683}}, {{ICD9|785.6}} | ICDO = | Image = | Caption = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = ped | eMedicineTopic = 1333 | DiseasesDB = 22225 | MeshID = D008206 | }} '''Lymphadenopathy''' is a term meaning "disease of the [[lymph nodes]]." It is, however, almost synonymously used with "swollen/enlarged lymph nodes". When the infection is of the lymph nodes themselves, it is called '''lymphadenitis''', but when the infection is of the lymph channels, it is called '''[[lymphangitis]]'''. ==Associated conditions== Enlarged lymph nodes are a common symptom in a number of infectious and cancerous diseases. It is a recognized symptom of many diseases, which include: * reactive: acute [[infection]] (e.g. [[bacterial]], or [[virus|viral]]), or chronic infections ([[tuberculous lymphadenitis]], [[cat-scratch disease]]). ** The most distinctive symptom of [[bubonic plague]] is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as 'buboes'. The buboes often become necrotic and may even rupture. ** Infectious [[mononucleosis]] is an acute viral infection, the hallmark of which is marked enlargement of the [[cervical lymph nodes]]. ** it is also a symptom of cutaneous [[anthrax]], [[measles]] and [[sleeping sickness|Human African trypanosomiasis]], the latter two giving lymphadenopathy in lymph nodes in the neck **[[toxoplasmosis]], a [[parasitic disease]], gives a generalized lymphadenopathy<ref name=Status/> * [[tumoral]]: ** Primary: [[Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[hairy cell leukemia]], give lymphadenopathy in all or a few lymph nodes <ref name=Status> Status and anamnesis, Anders Albinsson. Page 12 </ref> ** Secondary: [[metastasis]], [[Virchow's Node]], [[Neuroblastoma]] * [[autoimmune]] etiology: [[sarcoidosis]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] all giving a generalized lymphadenopathy.<ref name=Status/> * immunocompromised etiology: [[AIDS]]. Generalized lymphadenopathy is an early sign of infection with [[human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). "Lymphadenopathy syndrome" has been used to describe the first symptomatic stage of [[HIV]] progression, preceding [[AIDS-related complex]] and full-blown [[AIDS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aproposinc.com/hap/types.htm|title=Understanding and Preventing AIDS: A Book for Everyone|author=Chris Jennings|year=1993}}</ref> * bites from certain venomous snake species, most notably the [[black mamba]], [[krait]]s, Australian [[Pseudonaja|brown snakes]], [[coral snake]]s, [[tiger snake]]s, [[taipan]]s, [[Acanthophis|death adder]]s, and some of the more toxic species of [[cobra]]. ==Patterns of Benign (Reactive) Lymphadenopathy== There are three distinct patterns of benign lymphadenopathy: * Follicular hyperplasia. Seen in infections, autoimmune disorders, and nonspecific reactions. * Paracortical hyperplasia. Seen in viral infections, skin diseases, and nonspecific reactions. * Sinus histiocytosis. Seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies. == Bilateral Hilar Lymphadenopathy (BHL) == Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is a [[radiography|radiographic]] term that describes the enlargement of [[mediastinal]] [[lymph]] nodes. It is easily and most commonly identified by a [[chest x-ray]]. === Causes of BHL<sup>3</sup> === * Sarcoidosis * Infection ** TB ** Mycoplasma * Malignancy ** Lymphoma ** Carcinoma ** Mediastinal Tumours * Organic Dust Disease ** Silicosis ** Berylliosis * Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis ** Such as pigeon fancier's lung *Less common causes also exist: ''(needs citation)'' **[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]] **[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]] **[[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis]] **[[Pneumoconiosis]] ==References== <references/> {{Vascular diseases}} {{Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue}} {{General symptoms and signs}} 3. {{cite book | last = M. Longmore, I. Wilkinson, T. Turmezei, CK. Cheug | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 7th Edition | publisher = Oxford University Press | date = 2007 | location = United States, New York | pages = 179 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-19356887-1}} [[Category:Inflammations]] [[de:Lymphadenopathie]] [[es:Adenopatía]] [[fr:Adénopathie]] [[id:Limfadenopati]] [[he:לימפדנופתיה]] [[lt:Limfadenitas]] [[pl:Limfadenopatia]] [[pt:Linfadenopatia]] [[ru:Лимфаденопатия]]