Macaque
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Revert to revision 224342803 dated 2008-07-08 12:52:04 by Karduelis using [[:en:Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups|popups]]
{{otheruses4|the monkey|the racial slur|Macaca (slur)}}
{{Taxobox
| name = Macaques<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=161-165}}</ref>
| image = Ngarai Sianok sumatran monkey.jpg
| image_caption = Crab-eating macaque (''Macaca fascicularis'')
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Primate]]s
| familia = [[Cercopithecidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Cercopithecinae]]
| genus = '''''Macaca'''''
| genus_authority = [[Bernard Germain Etienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacepede|Lacepede]], 1799
| type_species = ''[[Barbary Macaque|Simia inuus]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758 = ''Simia sylvanus'' Linnaeus, 1758
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = See text.
}}
[[Image:Nelliampathi-Monkey.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Bonnet macaque (''Macaca radiata'') seen in [[Nelliampathi]] mountains in [[Kerala]], [[south India]]]]
[[Image:Macaca arctoides.png|thumb|right|Stump-tailed macaque (''Macaca arctoides'')]]
[[Image:Jigokudani hotspring in Nagano Japan 001.jpg|thumb|right|Japanese macaque (''Macaca fuscata'')]]
[[Image:Macaca nemestrina.jpg|thumb|right|Pig-tailed macaque (''Macaca nemestrina'')]]
The '''macaques''' ({{pronEng|məˈkæk}}) constitute a genus (''Macaca'', {{IPA|/məˈkækə/}}) of [[Old World monkeys]] of the subfamily [[Cercopithecinae]].
Aside from [[human]]s (genus ''[[Homo (genus)|Homo]]''), the macaques are the most widespread [[primate]] genus, ranging from northern [[Africa]] to [[Japan]]. Twenty-two macaque species are currently recognised, and they include some of the monkeys best known to non-zoologists, such as the [[Rhesus Macaque]] (as the Rhesus Monkey), ''Macaca mulatta'', and the [[Barbary Macaque]] (as the Barbary Ape), ''M. sylvanus'', a colony of which lives on the [[Rock of Gibraltar]]. Although several species lack tails, and their common names therefore refer to them as [[ape]]s, these are true monkeys, with no greater relationship to the true apes than any other Old World monkeys.
Several species of macaque are used extensively in [[animal testing]].
In the late 1990s it was discovered that nearly all (circa 90%) pet or captive macaques are [[Asymptomatic carrier|carrier]]s of the [[herpes]]-[[Monkey B virus|B]] [[virus]]. This virus is harmless to macaques, but infections of humans, while rare, are potentially fatal. A 2005 [[University of Toronto]] study showed that urban performing macaques also carried [[simian foamy virus]], suggesting they could be involved in the species-to-species jump of similar retroviruses to humans.<ref>[http://www.news.utoronto.ca/bin6/051208-1906.asp University of Toronto - News@UofT - Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans (Dec 8/05)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
== Species list ==
'''Genus ''Macaca'' '''
* ''M. sylvanus'' group
** [[Barbary Macaque]], ''Macaca sylvanus''
* ''M. nemestrina'' group
** [[Lion-tailed Macaque]], ''Macaca silenus''
** [[Southern Pig-tailed Macaque]] or Beruk, ''Macaca nemestrina''
** [[Northern Pig-tailed Macaque]], ''Macaca leonina''
** [[Pagai Island Macaque]], ''Macaca pagensis''
** [[Siberut Macaque]], ''Macaca siberu''
** [[Moor Macaque]], ''Macaca maura''
** [[Booted Macaque]], ''Macaca ochreata''
** [[Tonkean Macaque]], ''Macaca tonkeana''
** [[Heck's Macaque]], ''Macaca hecki''
** [[Gorontalo Macaque]], ''Macaca nigriscens''
** [[Celebes Crested Macaque]], ''Macaca nigra''
* ''M. fascicularis'' group
** [[Crab-eating Macaque]], ''Macaca fascicularis''
** [[Stump-tailed Macaque]], ''Macaca arctoides''
* ''M. mulatta'' group
** [[Rhesus Macaque]], ''Macaca mulatta''
** [[Formosan Rock Macaque]], ''Macaca cyclopis''
** [[Japanese Macaque]], ''Macaca fuscata''
* ''M. sinica'' group
** [[Toque Macaque]], ''Macaca sinica''
** [[Bonnet Macaque]], ''Macaca radiata''
** [[Assam Macaque]], ''Macaca assamensis''
** [[Tibetan Macaque]], ''Macaca thibetana''
** [[Arunachal Macaque]], ''Macaca munzala''
==References==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons|Macaca}}
{{Wikispecies|Macaca|Macaque}}
*[http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol4no1/ostrowsk.htm CDC papers on Herpes B in macaques]
*[http://brainmaps.org/index.php?p=speciesdata&species=macaca-mulatta Macaque Monkey Brain Atlas]
*[[British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection]] [http://www.petatv.com/tvpopup/video.asp?video=covance&Player=qt&speed=_med film about macaques in laboratories], featuring [[primatologist]]s Dr. [[Jane Goodall]] and Dr. Steven Brend
*[http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/links/macaca Primate Info Net ''Macaca'' Factsheets]
{{C.Cercopithecinae nav}}
[[Category:Old World monkeys]]
[[ca:Macaco]]
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