Magnesium nitrate 1753167 219732102 2008-06-16T17:06:42Z DumZiBoT 6085301 robot Adding: [[it:Nitrato di magnesio]] {{Chembox new | Name = Magnesium nitrate | ImageFile = Magnesium nitrate.png | ImageSize = 200px | ImageName = Magnesium nitrate | IUPACName = Magnesium nitrate | OtherNames = nitromagnesite | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASOther = 10377-60-3 (anhydrous),<br /> 13446-18-9 (hexahydrate) | RTECS = OM3750000 (anhydrous),<br /> OM3756000 (hexahydrate) }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = [[Magnesium|Mg]][[Nitrate|(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]] | MolarMass = 148.30 g/mol<br /> 256.30 (Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>.</sup>6(H<sub>2</sub>O), | Appearance = White crystalline solid | Density = 1.46 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid | Solubility = 125 g/100 mL | MeltingPt = 89 °C (362 K) | BoilingPt = none,<br /> decomposes at 330 °C (603 K) }} | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/m0169.htm External MSDS] | MainHazards = Eye & Skin Irritant | NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-F = | NFPA-R = 3 | FlashPt = Non-flammable | RPhrases = {{R8}} {{R36}} | SPhrases = {{S7}} {{S15}} }} | Section8 = {{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = [[Magnesium chloride|MgCl<sub>2</sub>]], [[Magnesium sulfate|MgSO<sub>4</sub>]], [[Magnesium hydroxide|Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>]],<br /> [[Magnesium oxide|MgO]], [[Magnesium nitride|Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>]] | OtherCations = [[Calcium nitrate|Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]], [[Ammonium nitrate|NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>]], [[Sodium nitrate|NaNO<sub>3</sub>]],<br /> [[Potassium nitrate|KNO<sub>3</sub>]], [[Copper (II) nitrate|Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]], [[Aluminum nitrate|Al(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]] }} }} '''Magnesium nitrate''' is a [[hygroscopic]] [[salt]] with the formula Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. In air, it quickly forms the [[hexahydrate]] with the formula Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O (and molar weight of 256.41 g/mol). It is very [[soluble]] in both water and [[ethanol]]. ==Uses== Magnesium nitrate occurs in [[Mining|mines]] and [[caverns]] as ''nitromagnesite''. This form is not common, although it may be present where [[guano]] contacts magnesium-rich [[rock (geology)|rock]]. It is used in the [[ceramic]]s, [[printing]], [[chemical]] and [[agriculture]] industries. Its [[fertilizer]] grade has 10.5% [[nitrogen]] and 9.4% [[magnesium]], so it is listed as 10.5-0-0 + 9.4% Mg. Fertilizer blends containing magnesium nitrate usually have [[ammonium nitrate]], [[calcium nitrate]], [[potassium nitrate]] and [[micronutrients]]; these blends are used in the [[greenhouse]] and [[hydroponics]] trade. ==Reactions== The magnesium nitrate used in commerce is a man-made product. It can be synthesized in a variety of ways. The reaction between [[nitric acid]] and [[magnesium]] metal or [[magnesium oxide]] results in magnesium nitrate. :2 HNO<sub>3</sub> + MgO → Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O [[Magnesium hydroxide]] and [[ammonium nitrate]] also react to form magnesium nitrate as [[ammonia]] is released as a by-product. :Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 2 NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> → Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 NH<sub>3</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O Since magnesium nitrate has a high affinity for water, heating the [[hexahydrate]] does not result in the [[Dehydration reaction|dehydration]] of the salt. Instead, magnesium nitrate [[hexahydrate]] decomposes into [[magnesium oxide]], [[oxygen]], and [[nitrogen oxide]]s. :2 Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> → 2 MgO + 4 NO<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>2</sub> The absorbption of these [[nitrogen oxide]]s in water is one possible route way to synthesize [[nitric acid]]. Although it is inefficient, it does not require the use of another [[strong acid]]. [[Anhydrous]] magnesium nitrate is also used to increase the concentration of [[nitric acid]] past its [[azeotrope]] of approximently 68% [[nitric acid]] and 32% water. It is also occasionally used as a [[desiccant]]. ==References== {{Unreferenced|date =September 2007}} <references/> ==External links== *[http://www.akpetrochem.com/liquid_chemistry.htm Liquid Chemistry] *[http://webmineral.com/data/Nitromagnesite.shtml Nitromagnesite Mineral Data] *[http://science.pc.athabascau.ca/reagentstud.nsf/0/f8e65efce32b16c2872570920065283b/$FILE/Magnesium%20nitrate%20hexahydrate%20MSDS.pdf Magnesium Nitrate MSDS] [[Category:Magnesium compounds]] [[Category:Nitrates]] [[de:Magnesiumnitrat]] [[it:Nitrato di magnesio]] [[sr:Магнезијум нитрат]]