Mallory-Weiss syndrome
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216154292
2008-05-31T09:24:04Z
DumZiBoT
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robot Adding: [[pl:Zespół Mallory'ego-Weissa]]
{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Image = |
Caption = |
DiseasesDB = 7803 |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|K|22|6|k|20}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|530.7}} |
ICDO = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = ped |
eMedicineTopic = 1359 |
MeshID = D008309 |
}}
'''Mallory-Weiss syndrome''' refers to bleeding from tears (a ''Mallory-Weiss tear'') in the [[mucosa]] at the junction of the [[stomach]] and [[esophagus]], usually caused by severe retching, [[cough]]ing, or [[vomiting]].
==Causes==
It is often associated with [[alcoholism]]<ref name="pmid2657497">{{cite journal |author=Caroli A, Follador R, Gobbi V, Breda P, Ricci G |title=[Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Personal experience and review of the literature] |language=Italian |journal=Minerva dietologica e gastroenterologica |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=7–12 |year=1989 |pmid=2657497 |doi=}}</ref> and [[eating disorders]] and there is some evidence that presence of a [[hiatus hernia|hiatal hernia]] is a required predisposing condition.
==Presentation==
Mallory-Weiss syndrome often presents as an episode of vomiting up blood ([[hematemesis]]) after violent retching or vomiting, but may also be noticed as old blood in the stool ([[melena]]), and a history of retching may be absent.
In most cases, the bleeding stops spontaneously after 24-48 hours, but [[endoscopic]] or [[surgical]] treatment is sometimes required and rarely the condition is fatal.
==Diagnosis==
Definitive diagnosis is by [[Esophagogastroduodenoscopy|endoscopy]].
==Treatment==
Treatment is usually supportive as persistent bleeding is uncommon. However [[cauterization]] or injection of [[epinephrine]]<ref name="pmid15913474">{{cite journal |author=Gawrieh S, Shaker R |title=Treatment of actively bleeding Mallory-Weiss syndrome: epinephrine injection or band ligation? |journal=Current gastroenterology reports |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=175 |year=2005 |pmid=15913474 |doi=}}</ref> to stop the bleeding may be undertaken during the index endoscopy procedure.
Very rarely [[embolization]] of the arteries supplying the region may be required to stop the bleeding.
==History==
The condition was first described in [[1929]] by [[G. Kenneth Mallory]] and [[Soma Weiss]] in 15 alcoholic patients.<ref>Weiss S, Mallory GK. ''Lesions of the cardiac orifice of the stomach produced by vomiting.'' [[Journal of the American Medical Association]] 1932;98:1353-55.</ref>
==See also==
*[[Boerhaave syndrome]]
*[[Hematemesis]]
==References==
<references/>
* [http://www.cecilmedicine.com/buy.cfm?book=goldman Cecil Textbook of Medicine]
* [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Medicine/PrimaryCare/?ci=0192629220&view=usa The Oxford Textbook of Medicine]
{{Gastroenterology}}
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[de:Mallory-Weiss-Syndrom]]
[[es:Desgarro de Mallory-Weiss]]
[[ja:マロリー・ワイス症候群]]
[[pl:Zespół Mallory'ego-Weissa]]
[[pt:Síndrome de Mallory-Weiss]]