Mallory-Weiss syndrome 1010536 216154292 2008-05-31T09:24:04Z DumZiBoT 6085301 robot Adding: [[pl:Zespół Mallory'ego-Weissa]] {{Infobox_Disease | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = 7803 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|K|22|6|k|20}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|530.7}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = ped | eMedicineTopic = 1359 | MeshID = D008309 | }} '''Mallory-Weiss syndrome''' refers to bleeding from tears (a ''Mallory-Weiss tear'') in the [[mucosa]] at the junction of the [[stomach]] and [[esophagus]], usually caused by severe retching, [[cough]]ing, or [[vomiting]]. ==Causes== It is often associated with [[alcoholism]]<ref name="pmid2657497">{{cite journal |author=Caroli A, Follador R, Gobbi V, Breda P, Ricci G |title=[Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Personal experience and review of the literature] |language=Italian |journal=Minerva dietologica e gastroenterologica |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=7–12 |year=1989 |pmid=2657497 |doi=}}</ref> and [[eating disorders]] and there is some evidence that presence of a [[hiatus hernia|hiatal hernia]] is a required predisposing condition. ==Presentation== Mallory-Weiss syndrome often presents as an episode of vomiting up blood ([[hematemesis]]) after violent retching or vomiting, but may also be noticed as old blood in the stool ([[melena]]), and a history of retching may be absent. In most cases, the bleeding stops spontaneously after 24-48 hours, but [[endoscopic]] or [[surgical]] treatment is sometimes required and rarely the condition is fatal. ==Diagnosis== Definitive diagnosis is by [[Esophagogastroduodenoscopy|endoscopy]]. ==Treatment== Treatment is usually supportive as persistent bleeding is uncommon. However [[cauterization]] or injection of [[epinephrine]]<ref name="pmid15913474">{{cite journal |author=Gawrieh S, Shaker R |title=Treatment of actively bleeding Mallory-Weiss syndrome: epinephrine injection or band ligation? |journal=Current gastroenterology reports |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=175 |year=2005 |pmid=15913474 |doi=}}</ref> to stop the bleeding may be undertaken during the index endoscopy procedure. Very rarely [[embolization]] of the arteries supplying the region may be required to stop the bleeding. ==History== The condition was first described in [[1929]] by [[G. Kenneth Mallory]] and [[Soma Weiss]] in 15 alcoholic patients.<ref>Weiss S, Mallory GK. ''Lesions of the cardiac orifice of the stomach produced by vomiting.'' [[Journal of the American Medical Association]] 1932;98:1353-55.</ref> ==See also== *[[Boerhaave syndrome]] *[[Hematemesis]] ==References== <references/> * [http://www.cecilmedicine.com/buy.cfm?book=goldman Cecil Textbook of Medicine] * [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Medicine/PrimaryCare/?ci=0192629220&view=usa The Oxford Textbook of Medicine] {{Gastroenterology}} [[Category:Gastroenterology]] [[de:Mallory-Weiss-Syndrom]] [[es:Desgarro de Mallory-Weiss]] [[ja:マロリー・ワイス症候群]] [[pl:Zespół Mallory'ego-Weissa]] [[pt:Síndrome de Mallory-Weiss]]