Mangani 3346882 224154990 2008-07-07T15:54:36Z JoJan 58781 /* Mangani in other media */ - spelling '''''Mangani''''' is the name of a fictional species of great apes in the [[Tarzan]] novels of [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]], as well as the invented language used by these apes. In the invented language, "Mangani" is the word by which the apes refer to their own kind. The Mangani are represented as the apes who foster and raise [[Tarzan]]. ==As a species of ape== The ''Mangani'' are described by Burroughs as approximately man-sized, and appear to be a species intermediate between [[chimpanzee]]s and [[gorilla]]s. They are organized in tribal bands ruled by dominant males, or "kings," which subsist by foraging for fruit, grubs, insects, and sometimes meat, in localized territories. Tribes are generally identified by the names of their kings. Burroughs portrays the ''Mangani'' (and indeed most jungle animals) as susceptible to occasional bouts of madness in which they will lash out violently and unpredictably at other living creatures in their vicinity. Tarzan is raised in the tribe of [[Kerchak]], based in the coastal jungle of equatorial Africa, as shown in ''[[Tarzan of the Apes]]'' and ''[[Jungle Tales of Tarzan]]''. As an adult he comes to lead this tribe; later, he becomes accepted in other tribes of ''Mangani'', such as the tribe of Molak in ''[[The Beasts of Tarzan]]''. Tarzan continued to associate occasionally with his original tribe until cast out in ''[[Tarzan and the Golden Lion]]'', as the result of a Tarzan impersonator having murdered one of its members. A list of tribal groups of ''Mangani'' and individual named ''Mangani'' associated with them as portrayed in the Tarzan novels follows, together with the titles of the books in which they appear or are referenced. Individuals associated with more than one tribe may appear more than once. '''Tribe of Go-lat''' * Go-lat (m.), king - ''[[Tarzan the Untamed]]'' * Zu-tag (m.) - ''Tarzan the Untamed'' '''Tribe of Kerchack''' (later of Tarzan, Karnath, Pagth) * Chulk (m.) - ''[[Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar]]'' * Gazan (m.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Gobu (m.) - ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' * Go-yad (m.), later of the tribe of Toyat - ''[[Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle]]''; ''[[Tarzan and the Lost Empire]]'' * Gozan (m.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Gunto (m.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * [[Kala (Tarzan)|Kala]] (f.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Kama (f.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Karnath (m.), king after Tarzan - ''[[The Return of Tarzan]]'' * [[Kerchak]] (m.), king - ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Mamka (f.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Mumga (f.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Mungo (m.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Neeta (f.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' * Numgo (m.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Pagth (m.), king after Karnath - ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' * Taglat (m.) - ''Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar'' * Tana (f.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Taug (m.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Teeka (f.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * [[Terk|Terkoz]] (m.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Thaka (m.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Thaka (f.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Tublat (m.) - ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' '''Tribe of Mal-gash''' (also called the tribe of Ho-den and the Servants of God) * Fernando (m.), ''mangani'' name unknown - ''[[Tarzan and the Madman]]'' * Mal-gash (m.), king - ''Tarzan and the Madman'' * Sancho (m.), ''mangani'' name unknown - ''Tarzan and the Madman'' '''Tribe of Molak''' * Akut (m.), later solitary - ''The Beasts of Tarzan''; ''[[The Son of Tarzan]]'' * Molak (m.), king - ''The Beasts of Tarzan'' '''Tribe of Toyat''' * Gayat or Ga-yat (m.) - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''[[Tarzan the Invincible]]''; ''[[Tarzan and the Leopard Men]]'' * Go-yad (m.), formerly of the tribe of Kerchak - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire'' * M'walot (m.) - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle'' * Toyat or To-yat (m.), king - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan the Invincible'' * Zutho or Zu-tho (m.), later king of the tribe of Zutho, later of the tribe of Ungo - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''Tarzan the Invincible''; ''Tarzan and the Leopard Men''; ''[[Tarzan and the Forbidden City]]''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' '''Tribe of Ungo''' (possibly the same as the earlier tribe of Zutho) * Ga-un (m.) - ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' * Ungo (m.), king - ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' * Zutho or Zu-tho (m.), formerly of the tribe of Toyat, formerly king of the tribe of Zutho - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''Tarzan the Invincible''; ''Tarzan and the Leopard Men''; ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' '''Tribe of Zutho''' (split from the tribe of Toyat, possibly the same as the later tribe of Ungo) * Zutho or Zu-tho (m.), king, formerly of tribe of Toyat, later of the tribe of Ungo - ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''Tarzan and the Leopard Men''; ''Tarzan the Invincible''; ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' '''Tribe of Zu-yad''' * Go-lot (m.) - ''[[Tarzan: the Lost Adventure]]'' * Zu-yad (m.), king - ''Tarzan: the Lost Adventure'' '''Rogue (tribeless) ''Mangani''''' * Toog (m.) - ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' ==As a language== The ''Mangani'' language is described by Burroughs as made up largely of grunts and growls representing nouns and various basic concepts. The bestial quality of the speech, however, does not come through in the rather large lexicon of ''Mangani'' words Burroughs actually provides. The ''depicted'' language can be thought of as bearing a relationship to the ''described'' language similar to that of the movies' euphonious "[[Tarzan yell|Tarzan yodel]]" to the books' terrifying "victory cry of the bull ape" from which it supposedly derives; the example in each instance falls short of embodying the description. Some examples (with translation) of Burroughs' ''Mangani'' words follow. * ''Tarzan'' = White-skin * ''Mangani'' = Great Ape (also refers to humans) * ''tarmangani'' = "Great White Apes", i.e., white-skinned people, such as Tarzan himself * ''gomangani'' = "Great Black Apes", i.e., dark-skinned people, * ''bolgani'' = gorillas. * ''nala'' = up * ''tand-nala'' = down * ''[[Kreegah bundolo]]'' = "Beware; (I) kill!" ==''Mangani'' in other media== Attempts to portray the ''Mangani'' outside the medium of their origin have varied. The Tarzan comic strip and comic books generally have no difficulty in visualizing them according to Burroughs' vision. In the 1984 film ''[[Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes]]'', which also adheres closely to Burrough's description, adult ''Mangani'' are portrayed by human actors in ape costumes, while the roles of immature ''Mangani'' are taken by chimps. In earlier live-action Tarzan films they are generally represented by a token individual, [[Cheeta]], also a chimpanzee. Walt Disney Pictures' 1999 animated feature film ''[[Tarzan (1999 film)|Tarzan]]'', its sequels, and the television series ''[[The Legend of Tarzan]]'' based on it, portray the apes who raised Tarzan as [[gorilla]]s, an identification demonstrably incorrect; in the books gorillas, called ''Bolgani'' by the ''Mangani'', are explicitly identified as a separate species. The only use of the term ''Mangani'' in the television series is as the proper name of an individual white ape who glows and possesses mystical powers. Another notable attempt to identify ''Mangani'' with an actual primate species is that of science fiction author [[Philip José Farmer]] in his pseudo-biography ''[[Tarzan Alive]]'', in which it is speculated that they are actually a variety of ''[[Australopithecus]]''. It has also been suggested that the ''Mangani'' be retroactively identified with the recently discovered [[Bili Ape]], a type of giant chimpanzee sharing some of the traits of the fictional species, including size and habitat. ==Other uses== *The Mangani environmentalist movement is a grassroots environmental organization in the United States, most notably in Florida. *Mangani is the name of a Reggaeton artist from Loiza, Puerto Rico currently living in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, signed to Wu Tang Latino Records and running Mangani Entertainment, an artist management company. *Mangani is an abandoned gold mine located in West Sumatra, Indonesia, that operated prior to World War II. ==External links== * [http://www.pjfarmer.com/woldnewton/Mangani.pdf English-Mangani/Mangani-English Dictionary by Dr. Peter Coogan(pdf)] * [http://www.whatsitsgalore.com/etc/tarmangani.html Mangani: A Beginner's Dictionary by Whatsits Galore] * [http://www.geocities.com/Area51/Dimension/4511/apedict.html Ape-English Dictionary] * [http://www.erblist.com/erbmania/tangor/ape-english.html APE-ENGLISH DICTIONARY by David Bruce Bozarth] * http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~stephan/Tarzan/tarzan.vocab.html * http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/mtarzan.html * [http://www.cavelink.net The Mangani Movement Official Site] * http://www.myspace.com/mangani [[Category:Tarzan]] [[Category:Fictional apes]] [[Category:Fictional languages]]