Maxillary artery 4534625 223966202 2008-07-06T19:03:06Z Thijs!bot 1392310 robot Adding: [[nds:Arteria maxillaris]] {{Expand|date=April 2007}} {{Infobox Artery | Name = Maxillary artery | Latin = arteria maxillaris | GraySubject = 144 | GrayPage = 559 | Image = Gray510.png | Caption = Plan of branches of maxillary artery. ("Internal maxillary" is horizonal at left center.) | Image2 = Gray511.png | Caption2 = Plan of branches of maxillary artery. | BranchFrom = [[external carotid artery]] | BranchTo = ''1st part:'' [[anterior tympanic artery|anterior tympanic]] - [[deep auricular artery|deep auricular]] - [[middle meningeal artery|middle meningeal]] - [[superior tympanic artery|superior tympanic]] - [[Accessory branch of middle meningeal artery|accessory meningeal]] - [[inferior alveolar artery|inferior alveolar]]<BR>''2nd part:'' [[masseteric artery|masseteric]] - [[buccinator artery|buccinator]] - [[posterior superior alveolar artery|posterior superior alveolar]]<BR>''3rd part:'' [[infraorbital artery|infraorbital]] - [[descending palatine artery|descending palatine]] - [[artery of the pterygoid canal]] - [[sphenopalatine artery|sphenopalatine]] | Vein = [[maxillary veins]] | Precursor = [[Aortic arches|aortic arch]] 1 | Supplies = | MeshName = | MeshNumber = | DorlandsPre = a_61 | DorlandsSuf = 12154985 | }} The '''maxillary artery''' (or '''internal maxillary artery''' in older texts) is an artery that supplies deep structures of the face. ==Structure== [[Image:Maxillary artery.PNG|thumb|200px|left|Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries. Origin of maxillary artery is labeled.]] The maxillary artery, the larger of the two terminal branches of the [[external carotid artery]], arises behind the neck of the [[mandible]], and is at first imbedded in the substance of the [[parotid gland]]; it passes forward between the [[ramus]] of the [[mandible]] and the [[sphenomandibular ligament]], and then runs, either superficial or deep to the [[lateral pterygoid muscle]], to the [[pterygopalatine fossa]]. It supplies the deep structures of the face, and may be divided into [[Mandible|mandibular]], [[pterygoid]], and [[pterygopalatine]] portions. ===First portion=== The '''first or mandibular portion''' passes horizontally forward, between the ramus of the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament, where it lies parallel to and a little below the [[auriculotemporal nerve]]; it crosses the [[inferior alveolar nerve]], and runs along the lower border of the [[lateral pterygoid muscle]]. Branches include: * [[Deep auricular artery]] * [[Anterior tympanic artery]] * [[Middle meningeal artery]] * [[Inferior alveolar artery]] which gives off ''mylohyoid branch'' just prior to entering the [[mandibular foramen]] * [[Accessory meningeal artery]] ===Second portion=== The '''second or pterygoid portion''' runs obliquely forward and upward under cover of the ramus of the mandible and insertion of the [[temporalis]], on the superficial (very frequently on the deep) surface of the [[lateral pterygoid muscle]]; it then passes between the two heads of origin of this muscle and enters the fossa. Branches include: * [[Masseteric artery]] * [[Pterygoid branches of maxillary artery|Pterygoid branches]] * [[Deep temporal arteries]] (anterior and posterior) * [[Buccal artery]] ===Third portion=== The '''third or pterygopalatine portion''' lies in the [[pterygopalatine fossa]] in relation with the [[pterygopalatine ganglion]]. Branches include: * [[Sphenopalatine artery]] (Nasopalatine artery is the terminal branch of the Maxillary artery) * [[Descending palatine artery]] * [[Infraorbital artery]] * [[Posterior superior alveolar artery]] * [[Pharyngeal artery]] * [[Artery of pterygoid canal]] ==Nomenclature== * Formerly, the term "external maxillary artery" was used to describe what is now known as the [[facial artery]] (per [[Terminologia anatomica]].) Currently, the term "external maxillary artery" is less commonly used, and the terms "internal maxillary artery" and "maxillary artery" are equivalent. Mnemonic to remember bracnches: DAM I AM Piss Drunk, But Stupid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone Alcoholic Annonymous ==Additional images== <gallery> Image:Gray176.png|Mandible. Outer surface. Side view. </gallery> ==External links== * {{eMedicineDictionary|Maxillary+artery}} * {{NormanAnatomy|lesson4}} ({{NormanAnatomyFig|parotid4}}) * {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|27|12|01|01}} - "Infratemporal Fossa: Branches of the Maxillary Artery" * {{MedicalMnemonics|935|||}} * [http://iris3.med.tufts.edu/dentgross/labguide/IT4.html Overview at tufts.edu] {{Gray's}} {{Arteries of head and neck}} [[Category:Arteries]] [[ar:شريان فكي علوي]] [[de:Arteria maxillaris]] [[ja:顎動脈]] [[nds:Arteria maxillaris]] [[pl:Tętnica szczękowa]]