Meloxicam 1585573 222545953 2008-06-29T22:38:56Z Twiz123 7395171 /* Veterinary use */ {{drugbox | IUPAC_name = (8''E'')-8-[hydroxy-[(5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)amino]<br>methylidene]-9-methyl-10,10-dioxo-10λ<sup>6</sup>-thia-9-<br>azabicyclo[4.4.0]deca-1,3,5-trien-7-one | image = Meloxicam.svg | width = 250 | CAS_number = 71125-38-7 | ATC_prefix = M01 | ATC_suffix = AC06 | PubChem = 5281106 | DrugBank = APRD00529 | C = 14 | H = 13 | N = 3 | O = 4 | S = 2 | molecular_weight = 351.403 g/mol | smiles = Cc1cnc(s1)NC(=O)C1=C(O)c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)N1C | bioavailability = | protein_bound = 99.4% | metabolism = Hepatic | elimination_half-life = 15 to 20 hours | excretion = Urine & Faeces equally | pregnancy_category = | legal_status = POM | routes_of_administration = Oral }} '''Meloxicam''' is a [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] used to relieve the symptoms of [[arthritis]], primary [[dysmenorrhea]], [[fever]]; and as an [[analgesic]], especially where there is an [[inflammation|inflammatory]] component. It has been developed by [[Boehringer-Ingelheim]]. It is closely related to [[piroxicam]]. In Europe it is marketed under the brand names '''Movalis''', '''Melox''', and '''Recoxa'''. In the UK and U.S. it is generally marketed under the brand name '''Mobic''', in Canada as '''Mobicox'''. In Latin America, the drug is marketed as '''Tenaron'''. A [[veterinary medicine|veterinary]] formulation of the drug is marketed in the U.S. as '''Metacam''' by the Vetmedica division of Boehringer-Ingelheim. ==Mechanism of action== {{main|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug}} Meloxicam is an [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAID]] and belongs to the class of drugs called [[enolic acid group]], structurally related to piroxicam. Meloxicam significantly decreased symptoms of pain, function, and stiffness in patients, with a low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. In models, it exhibits [[anti-inflammatory]], [[analgesic]], and [[antipyretic]] activities. Its mechanism of action may be related to prostaglandin synthetase ([[cyclooxygenase]]) (COX) inhibition. Meloxicam has been shown, especially at its low therapeutic dose, to selectively inhibit COX-2 over COX-1. A primary advantage of the Oxicam family of drugs is their long half-life [http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=942781 which permits once-day dosing.] ==Adverse effects== Meloxicam use can result in gastrointestinal toxicity and bleeding, [[tinnitus]], headache, rash, very dark or black stool (sign of intestinal bleeding). The risk of adverse side effects is lower than with [[piroxicam]], [[diclofenac]], or [[naproxen]]. Although meloxicam does inhibit [[thromboxane]] A, it does not appear to do so at levels that would interfere with [[platelet]] function. In rare situations, it could cause serious [[liver]] disease. If there is a sensation of fatigue and/or liver pain, intake must be ceased. [[Image:Mobic.jpg|thumb|right|Two Meloxicam pills, showing either side]] ==Approval status== Meloxicam is licensed in Europe for treatment of [[rheumatoid arthritis]], for short term use in [[osteoarthritis]] and for [[ankylosing spondylitis]]. As of [[2004]] it has been approved for use in treating [[osteoarthritis]] in the United States of America and is marketed in the under the name of Metacam by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica. ==Veterinary use== Under the brand name '''Metacam''', meloxicam is also used in the [[veterinary medicine|veterinary]] field, most commonly in dogs and cattle, but also in other animals such as cats and exotics; in the U.S. is indicated for management of pain and inflammation associated with [[osteoarthritis]] in dogs (FDA.gov), and in Europe, where the product has been available since the early 1990s, it is also prescribed and licensed for other anti-inflammatory benefits including relief from both [[acute pain|acute]] and [[chronic pain]] in dogs and cats. Side effects in animals are similar to those found in humans; the principal side effect is gastrointestinal irritation (vomiting, diarrhea and [[ulcer]]ation). Rarer but important side effects include liver and kidney toxicity. For many years, both [[injectable]] and [[Dosage forms#Oral dosage forms|oral]] ([[Suspension (chemistry)|liquid]] and tablet) formulations of meloxicam have been licensed for use in dogs, and injectable ones for use in cats. In June 2007, a new oral version of Metacam was licensed in [[Europe]] for the long-term relief of pain in cats. As of June 2008, Meloxicam is registered for long term use in cats in Australia, New Zealand, and throughout Europe. '''Metacam oral suspension 1.5 is not approved or recommended (according to the manufacture insert) for use in cats in the U.S.''' ==References== *[http://www.drugs.com/cons/mobicox.html Drugs.com meloxicam profile] *[http://www.metacam.us Manufacturer's United States Division website] '''''' {{Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products}} {{NSAIDs}} [[Category:Dog health]] [[Category:Cat health]] [[Category:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] [[Category:Thiazoles]] [[Category:Veterinary drugs]] [[de:Meloxicam]] [[es:Meloxicam]] [[nl:Meloxicam]] [[pt:Meloxicam]] [[ro:Meloxicam]] [[th:มีลอกซิแคม]] [[tr:Meloksikam]]