Melting points of the elements (data page) 1618791 202498619 2008-04-01T08:12:14Z Anticipation of a New Lover's Arrival, The 6510232 grammar This page lists [[melting point]]s for various [[chemical element]]s at standard [[atmospheric pressure]] in [[Kelvin]], [[Celsius]], and [[Fahrenheit]] . In general, melting points increase going from top to bottom, although there are many exceptions. Also, elements toward the middle of the table, which form strong [[metallic bonding|metallic bonds]] and elements which form covalently bonded compounds, and not diatomic gases, such as carbon, which has the highest melting point in its diamond [[allotrope]]. This page is intended as a [[Chemical elements data references|chemical data reference page]] only. For more information on melting points, please see *[[Melting Point]] *[[Phase (matter)|Phases of Matter]] *[[Freezing Point Depression]] *[[Periodic Table]] '''<==[[Chemical elements data references|Chemical Reference Data Sets]]''' == Melting point == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" | <!-- 1 H --> 1 H [[hydrogen]] (H<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 14.01 K || -259.14 °C || -434.45 °F |- | WEL || 14.01 K || -259.14 °C || -434.45 °F |- | CRC || || -259.34 °C || |- | LNG || || -259.35 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 2 He --> 2 He [[helium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 0.95 K (at 2.5 MPa) || -272.2 °C (at 2.5 MPa) || -458 °F (at 2.5 MPa) |- | WEL || 0.95 K || -272.2 °C || -458 °F |- | LNG || || -272.15 °C (at 25 atm) || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 3 Li --> 3 Li [[lithium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 453.69 K || 180.54 °C || 356.97 °F |- | WEL || 453.69 K || 180.54 °C || 356.97 °F |- | CRC || || 180.50 °C || |- | LNG || || 180.54 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 4 Be --> 4 Be [[beryllium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1560 K || 1287 °C || 2349 °F |- | WEL || 1560 K || 1287 °C || 2349 °F |- | CRC || || 1287 °C || |- | LNG || || 1287 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 5 B --> 5 B [[boron]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2349 K || 2076 °C || 3769 °F |- | WEL || 2349 K || 2076 °C || 3769 °F |- | CRC || || 2075 °C || |- | LNG || || 2076 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 6 C --> 6 C [[carbon]] (graphite) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || || || |- | WEL || ? (3800 K) || ? (3527 °C) || ? (6381 °F) |- | CRC || || tp 4489 °C (at 10.3 MPa) || |- | LNG || || subl. (3915&ndash;4020) °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 6 C --> 6 C [[carbon]] (diamond) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || || || |- | WEL || ? (3800 K) || ? (3527 °C) || ? (6381 °F) |- | CRC || || 4440 °C (at 12.4 GPa) || |- | LNG || || (at 63.5 atm) 3500 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 7 N --> 7 N [[nitrogen]] (N<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 63.15 K || -210.00 °C || -346.00 °F |- | WEL || 63.05 K || -210.1 °C || -346.18 °F |- | CRC || || -210.00 °C || |- | LNG || || -210.01 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 8 O --> 8 O [[oxygen]] (O<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 54.36 K || -218.79 °C || -361.82 °F |- | WEL || 54.8 K || -218.3 °C || -360.9 °F |- | CRC || || -218.79 °C || |- | LNG || || -218.4 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 9 F --> 9 F [[fluorine]] (F<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 53.53 K || -219.62 °C || -363.32 °F |- | WEL || 53.53 K || -219.62 °C || -363.32 °F |- | CRC || || tp -219.67 °C || |- | LNG || || -219.61 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 10 Ne --> 10 Ne [[neon]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 24.56 K || -248.59 °C || -415.46 °F |- | WEL || 24.56 K || -248.59 °C || -415.46 °F |- | CRC || || -248.59 °C || |- | LNG || || -248.67 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 11 Na --> 11 Na [[sodium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 370.87 K || 97.72 °C || 207.9 °F |- | WEL || 370.87 K || 97.72 °C || 207.9 °F |- | CRC || || 97.80 °C || |- | LNG || || 97.82 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 12 Mg --> 12 Mg [[magnesium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 923 K || 650 °C || 1202 °F |- | WEL || 923 K || 650 °C || 1202 °F |- | CRC || || 650 °C || |- | LNG || || 651 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 13 Al --> 13 Al [[aluminium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 933.47 K || 660.32 °C || 1220.58 °F |- | WEL || 933.47 K || 660.32 °C || 1220.58 °F |- | CRC || || 660.32 °C || |- | LNG || || 660.323 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 933.473 K (660.323 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 14 Si --> 14 Si [[silicon]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1687 K || 1414 °C || 2577 °F |- | WEL || 1687 K || 1414 °C || 2577 °F |- | CRC || || 1414 °C || |- | LNG || || 1412 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 15 P --> 15 P [[phosphorus]] (white) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 317.30 K || 44.15 °C || 111.47 °F |- | WEL || 317.3 K || 44.2 °C || 111.6 °F |- | CRC || || 44.15 °C || |- | LNG || || 44.15 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 15 P --> 15 P [[phosphorus]] (red) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 870 K || 597 °C || 1107 °F |- | CRC || || tp 590 °C || |- | LNG || || 597 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 15 P --> 15 P [[phosphorus]] (black) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 883 K || 610 °C || 1130 °F |- | CRC || || 610 °C || |- | LNG || || || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 16 S --> 16 S [[sulfur]] (orthorhombic, alpha) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || (trans. to beta) 368.4 K || (trans. to beta) 95.3 °C || (trans. to beta) 203.5 °F |- | CRC || || (trans. to mono) 95.3 °C || |- | LNG || || (trans. to beta) 94.5 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 16 S --> 16 S [[sulfur]] (monoclinic, beta, trans. slowly to alpha) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 388.36 K || 115.21 °C || 239.38 °F |- | WEL || 388.36 K || 115.21 °C || 239.38 °F |- | CRC || || 119.6 °C || |- | LNG || || 115.21 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 16 S --> 16 S [[sulfur]] (gamma) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 380.0 K || 106.8 °C || 224.2 °F |- | LNG || || 106.8 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 17 Cl --> 17 Cl [[chlorine]] (Cl<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 171.6 K || -101.5 °C || -150.7 °F |- | WEL || 171.6 K || -101.5 °C || -150.7 °F |- | CRC || || -101.5 °C || |- | LNG || || -101.5 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 18 Ar --> 18 Ar [[argon]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 83.80 K || -189.35 °C || -308.83 °F |- | WEL || 83.8 K || -189.3 °C || -308.7 °F |- | CRC || || -189.35 °C || |- | LNG || || -189.38 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 19 K --> 19 K [[potassium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 336.53 K || 63.38 °C || 146.08 °F |- | WEL || 336.53 K || 63.38 °C || 146.08 °F |- | CRC || || 63.5 °C || |- | CR2 || || 63.38 °C || |- | LNG || || 63.38 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 20 Ca --> 20 Ca [[calcium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1115 K || 842 °C || 1548 °F |- | WEL || 1115 K || 842 °C || 1548 °F |- | CRC || || 842 °C || |- | LNG || || 842 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 21 Sc --> 21 Sc [[scandium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1814 K || 1541 °C || 2806 °F |- | WEL || 1814 K || 1541 °C || 2806 °F |- | CRC || || 1541 °C || |- | LNG || || 1541 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 22 Ti --> 22 Ti [[titanium]] (hexagonal) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1941 K || 1668 °C || 3034 °F |- | WEL || 1941 K || 1668 °C || 3034 °F |- | CRC || || 1668 °C || |- | LNG || || 1668 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 23 V --> 23 V [[vanadium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2183 K || 1910 °C || 3470 °F |- | WEL || 2183 K || 1910 °C || 3470 °F |- | CRC || || 1910 °C || |- | LNG || || 1917 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 24 Cr --> 24 Cr [[chromium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2180 K || 1907 °C || 3465 °F |- | WEL || 2180 K || 1907 °C || 3465 °F |- | CRC || || 1907 °C || |- | LNG || || 1907 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 25 Mn --> 25 Mn [[manganese]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1519 K || 1246 °C || 2275 °F |- | WEL || 1519 K || 1246 °C || 2275 °F |- | CRC || || 1246 °C || |- | LNG || || (face-centered tetragonal) 1244 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 26 Fe --> 26 Fe [[iron]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1811 K || 1538 °C || 2800 °F |- | WEL || 1811 K || 1538 °C || 2800 °F |- | CRC || || 1538 °C || |- | LNG || || 1535 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 27 Co --> 27 Co [[cobalt]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1768 K || 1495 °C || 2723 °F |- | WEL || 1768 K || 1495 °C || 2723 °F |- | CRC || || 1495 °C || |- | LNG || || 1494 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 28 Ni --> 28 Ni [[nickel]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1728 K || 1455 °C || 2651 °F |- | WEL || 1728 K || 1455 °C || 2651 °F |- | CRC || || 1455 °C || |- | LNG || || 1453 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 29 Cu --> 29 Cu [[copper]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1357.77 K || 1084.62 °C || 1984.32 °F |- | WEL || 1357.77 K || 1084.62 °C || 1984.32 °F |- | CRC || || 1084.62 °C || |- | LNG || || 1084.62 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 1357.77 K (1084.62 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 30 Zn --> 30 Zn [[zinc]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 692.68 K || 419.53 °C || 787.15 °F |- | WEL || 692.68 K || 419.53 °C || 787.15 °F |- | CRC || || 419.53 °C || |- | LNG || || 419.527 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 692.677 K (419.527 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 31 Ga --> 31 Ga [[gallium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 302.9146 K || 29.7646 °C || 85.5763 °F |- | WEL || 302.91 K || 29.76 °C || 85.57 °F |- | CRC || || tp 29.771 °C || |- | CR2 || || 29.76 °C || |- | LNG || || 29.7646 °C || |- | colspan="4" | melting point 302.9146 K (29.7646 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 32 Ge --> 32 Ge [[germanium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1211.40 K || 938.25 °C || 1720.85 °F |- | WEL || 1211.4 K || 938.3 °C || 1720.9 °F |- | CRC || || 938.25 °C || |- | LNG || || 937.3 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 33 As --> 33 As [[arsenic]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1090 K || 817 °C || 1503 °F |- | WEL || 1090 K || 817 °C || 1503 °F |- | CRC || || tp 817 °C (at 3.70 MPa) || |- | CR2 || || 817 °C || |- | LNG || || 817 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 34 Se --> 34 Se [[selenium]] (hexagonal, gray) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 494 K || 221 °C || 430 °F |- | WEL || 494 K || 221 °C || 430 °F |- | CRC || || 220.5 °C || |- | CR2 || || 221 °C || |- | LNG || || 217 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 34 Se --> 34 Se [[selenium]] (vitreous) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || (trans. to gray) 453 K || (trans. to gray) 180 °C || (trans. to gray) 356 °F |- | CRC || || (trans. to gray) 180 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 35 Br --> 35 Br [[bromine]] (Br<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 265.8 K || -7.3 °C || 19 °F |- | WEL || 265.8 K || -7.3 °C || 19 °F |- | CRC || || -7.2 °C || |- | LNG || || -7.25 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 36 Kr --> 36 Kr [[krypton]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 115.79 K || -157.36 °C || -251.25 °F |- | WEL || 115.79 K || -157.36 °C || -251.25 °F |- | CRC || || tp -157.38 °C (at 73.2 kPa) || |- | LNG || || -157.36 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 37 Rb --> 37 Rb [[rubidium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 312.46 K || 39.31 °C || 102.76 °F |- | WEL || 312.46 K || 39.31 °C || 102.76 °F |- | CRC || || 39.30 °C || |- | CR2 || || 39.31 °C || |- | LNG || || 39.31 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 38 Sr --> 38 Sr [[strontium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1050 K || 777 °C || 1431 °F |- | WEL || 1050 K || 777 °C || 1431 °F |- | CRC || || 777 °C || |- | LNG || || 757 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 39 Y --> 39 Y [[yttrium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1799 K || 1526 °C || 2779 °F |- | WEL || 1799 K || 1526 °C || 2779 °F |- | CRC || || 1522 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1526 °C || |- | LNG || || 1522 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 40 Zr --> 40 Zr [[zirconium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2128 K || 1855 °C || 3371 °F |- | WEL || 2128 K || 1855 °C || 3371 °F |- | CRC || || 1855 °C || |- | LNG || || 1852 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 41 Nb --> 41 Nb [[niobium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2750 K || 2477 °C || 4491 °F |- | WEL || 2750 K || 2477 °C || 4491 °F |- | CRC || || 2477 °C || |- | LNG || || 2468 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 42 Mo --> 42 Mo [[molybdenum]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2896 K || 2623 °C || 4753 °F |- | WEL || 2896 K || 2623 °C || 4753 °F |- | CRC || || 2623 °C || |- | LNG || || 2622 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 43 Tc --> 43 Tc [[technetium]] (Tc-98 ?) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2430 K || 2157 °C || 3915 °F |- | WEL || 2430 K || 2157 °C || 3915 °F |- | CRC || || 2157 °C || |- | LNG || || (Tc-98) 2157 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 44 Ru --> 44 Ru [[ruthenium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2607 K || 2334 °C || 4233 °F |- | WEL || 2607 K || 2334 °C || 4233 °F |- | CRC || || 2334 °C || |- | LNG || || 2334 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 45 Rh --> 45 Rh [[rhodium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2237 K || 1964 °C || 3567 °F |- | WEL || 2237 K || 1964 °C || 3567 °F |- | CRC || || 1964 °C || |- | LNG || || 1963 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 46 Pd --> 46 Pd [[palladium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1828.05 K || 1554.9 °C || 2830.82 °F |- | WEL || 1828.05 K || 1554.9 °C || 2830.82 °F |- | CRC || || 1554.9 °C || |- | LNG || || 1555 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 47 Ag --> 47 Ag [[silver]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1234.93 K || 961.78 °C || 1763.2 °F |- | WEL || 1234.93 K || 961.78 °C || 1763.2 °F |- | CRC || || 961.78 °C || |- | LNG || || 961.78 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 1234.93 K (961.78 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 48 Cd --> 48 Cd [[cadmium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 594.22 K || 321.07 °C || 609.93 °F |- | WEL || 594.22 K || 321.07 °C || 609.93 °F |- | CRC || || 321.07 °C || |- | LNG || || 321 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 49 In --> 49 In [[indium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 429.75 K || 156.60 °C || 313.88 °F |- | WEL || 429.75 K || 156.6 °C || 313.88 °F |- | CRC || || 156.60 °C || |- | LNG || || 156.60 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 429.7485 K (156.5985 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 50 Sn --> 50 Sn [[tin]] (white) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 505.08 K || 231.93 °C || 449.47 °F |- | WEL || 505.08 K || 231.93 °C || 449.47 °F |- | CRC || || 231.93 °C || |- | LNG || || 231.928 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 505.078 K (231.928 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 51 Sb --> 51 Sb [[antimony]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 903.78 K || 630.63 °C || 1167.13 °F |- | WEL || 903.78 K || 630.63 °C || 1167.13 °F |- | CRC || || 630.63 °C || |- | LNG || || 630.7 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 52 Te --> 52 Te [[tellurium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 722.66 K || 449.51 °C || 841.12 °F |- | WEL || 722.66 K || 449.51 °C || 841.12 °F |- | CRC || || 449.51 °C || |- | LNG || || 449.8 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 53 I --> 53 I [[iodine]] (I<sub>2</sub>) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 386.85 K || 113.7 °C || 236.66 °F |- | WEL || 386.85 K || 113.7 °C || 236.66 °F |- | CRC || || 113.7 °C || |- | LNG || || 113.60 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 54 Xe --> 54 Xe [[xenon]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 161.4 K || -111.7 °C || -169.1 °F |- | WEL || 161.4 K || -111.7 °C || -169.1 °F |- | CRC || || tp -111.79 °C (at 81.6 kPa) || |- | LNG || || -111.8 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 55 Cs --> 55 Cs [[caesium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 301.59 K || 28.44 °C || 83.19 °F |- | WEL || 301.59 K || 28.44 °C || 83.19 °F |- | CRC || || 28.5 °C || |- | CR2 || || 28.44 °C || |- | LNG || || 28.44 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 56 Ba --> 56 Ba [[barium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1000 K || 727 °C || 1341 °F |- | WEL || 1000 K || 727 °C || 1341 °F |- | CRC || || 727 °C || |- | LNG || || 726.9 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 57 La --> 57 La [[lanthanum]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1193 K || 920 °C || 1688 °F |- | WEL || 1193 K || 920 °C || 1688 °F |- | CRC || || 918 °C || |- | CR2 || || 920 °C || |- | LNG || || 920 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 58 Ce --> 58 Ce [[cerium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1068 K || 795 °C || 1463 °F |- | WEL || 1068 K || 795 °C || 1463 °F |- | CRC || || 798 °C || |- | CR2 || || 799 °C || |- | LNG || || 795 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 59 Pr --> 59 Pr [[praseodymium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1208 K || 935 °C || 1715 °F |- | WEL || 1208 K || 935 °C || 1715 °F |- | CRC || || 931 °C || |- | LNG || || 935 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 60 Nd --> 60 Nd [[neodymium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1297 K || 1024 °C || 1875 °F |- | WEL || 1297 K || 1024 °C || 1875 °F |- | CRC || || 1021 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1016 °C || |- | LNG || || 1024 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 61 Pm --> 61 Pm [[promethium]] (Pm-147 ?) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1315 K || 1042 °C || 1908 °F |- | WEL || 1373 K || 1100 °C || 2012 °F |- | CRC || || 1042 °C || |- | LNG || || (Pm-147) 1080 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 62 Sm --> 62 Sm [[samarium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1345 K || 1072 °C || 1962 °F |- | WEL || 1345 K || 1072 °C || 1962 °F |- | CRC || || 1074 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1072 °C || |- | LNG || || 1074 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 63 Eu --> 63 Eu [[europium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1099 K || 826 °C || 1519 °F |- | WEL || 1099 K || 826 °C || 1519 °F |- | CRC || || 822 °C || |- | LNG || || 822 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 64 Gd --> 64 Gd [[gadolinium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1585 K || 1312 °C || 2394 °F |- | WEL || 1585 K || 1312 °C || 2394 °F |- | CRC || || 1313 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1314 °C || |- | LNG || || 1312 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 65 Tb --> 65 Tb [[terbium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1629 K || 1356 °C || 2473 °F |- | WEL || 1629 K || 1356 °C || 2473 °F |- | CRC || || 1356 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1359 °C || |- | LNG || || 1356 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 66 Dy --> 66 Dy [[dysprosium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1680 K || 1407 °C || 2565 °F |- | WEL || 1680 K || 1407 °C || 2565 °F |- | CRC || || 1412 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1411 °C || |- | LNG || || 1412 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 67 Ho --> 67 Ho [[holmium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1734 K || 1461 °C || 2662 °F |- | WEL || 1734 K || 1461 °C || 2662 °F |- | CRC || || 1474 °C || |- | CR2 || || 1472 °C || |- | LNG || || 1474 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 68 Er --> 68 Er [[erbium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1802 K || 1529 °C || 2784 °F |- | WEL || 1770 K || 1497 °C || 2727 °F |- | CRC || || 1529 °C || |- | LNG || || 1529 °C || |- | [[talk:erbium|talk]] || colspan="3" width="500" | * The Gmelin rare earths handbook lists 1522 °C and 1550 °C as two melting points given in the literature, the most recent reference [''Handbook on the chemistry and physics of rare earths'', vol.12 (1989)] is given with 1529 °C. * The World Book encyclopedia from 2002 lists 1529 °C. |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 69 Tm --> 69 Tm [[thulium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1818 K || 1545 °C || 2813 °F |- | WEL || 1818 K || 1545 °C || 2813 °F |- | CRC || || 1545 °C || |- | LNG || || 1545 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 70 Yb --> 70 Yb [[ytterbium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1097 K || 824 °C || 1515 °F |- | WEL || 1097 K || 824 °C || 1515 °F |- | CRC || || 819 °C || |- | CR2 || || 824 °C || |- | LNG || || 819 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 71 Lu --> 71 Lu [[lutetium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1925 K || 1652 °C || 3006 °F |- | WEL || 1925 K || 1652 °C || 3006 °F |- | CRC || || 1663 °C || |- | LNG || || 1663 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 72 Hf --> 72 Hf [[hafnium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2506 K || 2233 °C || 4051 °F |- | WEL || 2506 K || 2233 °C || 4051 °F |- | CRC || || 2233 °C || |- | LNG || || 2227 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 73 Ta --> 73 Ta [[tantalum]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 3290 K || 3017 °C || 5463 °F |- | WEL || 3290 K || 3017 °C || 5463 °F |- | CRC || || 3017 °C || |- | LNG || || 2996 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 74 W --> 74 W [[tungsten]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 3695 K || 3422 °C || 6192 °F |- | WEL || 3695 K || 3422 °C || 6192 °F |- | CRC || || 3422 °C || |- | LNG || || 3387 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 75 Re --> 75 Re [[rhenium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 3459 K || 3186 °C || 5767 °F |- | WEL || 3459 K || 3186 °C || 5767 °F |- | CRC || || 3186 °C || |- | LNG || || 3180 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 76 Os --> 76 Os [[osmium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 3306 K || 3033 °C || 5491 °F |- | WEL || 3306 K || 3033 °C || 5491 °F |- | CRC || || 3033 °C || |- | LNG || || 3045 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 77 Ir --> 77 Ir [[iridium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2719 K || 2446 °C || 4435 °F |- | WEL || 2739 K || 2466 °C || 4471 °F |- | CRC || || 2446 °C || |- | LNG || || 2447 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 78 Pt --> 78 Pt [[platinum]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2041.4 K || 1768.3 °C || 3214.9 °F |- | WEL || 2041.4 K || 1768.3 °C || 3214.9 °F |- | CRC || || 1768.4 °C || |- | LNG || || 1769 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 79 Au --> 79 Au [[gold]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1337.33 K || 1064.18 °C || 1947.52 °F |- | WEL || 1337.33 K || 1064.18 °C || 1947.52 °F |- | CRC || || 1064.18 °C || |- | LNG || || 1064.18 °C || |- | colspan="4" | freezing point 1337.33 K (1064.18 °C) fixed point on [[ITS-90]] |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 80 Hg --> 80 Hg [[mercury (element)|mercury]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 234.32 K || -38.83 °C || -37.89 °F |- | WEL || 234.32 K || -38.83 °C || -37.89 °F |- | CRC || || tp -38.837 °C || |- | LNG || || -38.83 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 81 Tl --> 81 Tl [[thallium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 577 K || 304 °C || 579 °F |- | WEL || 577 K || 304 °C || 579 °F |- | CRC || || 304 °C || |- | LNG || || 303.5 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 82 Pb --> 82 Pb [[lead]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 600.61 K || 327.46 °C || 621.43 °F |- | WEL || 600.61 K || 327.46 °C || 621.43 °F |- | CRC || || 327.46 °C || |- | LNG || || 327.43 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 83 Bi --> 83 Bi [[bismuth]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 544.7 K || 271.5 °C || 520.7 °F |- | WEL || 544.4 K || 271.3 °C || 520.3 °F |- | CRC || || 271.40 °C || |- | LNG || || 271.5 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 84 Po --> 84 Po [[polonium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 527 K || 254 °C || 489 °F |- | WEL || 527 K || 254 °C || 489 °F |- | CRC || || 254 °C || |- | LNG || || 254 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 85 At --> 85 At [[astatine]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 575 K || 302 °C || 576 °F |- | WEL || 575 K || 302 °C || 576 °F |- | CRC || || 302 °C || |- | LNG || || 302 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 86 Rn --> 86 Rn [[radon]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 202 K || -71 °C || -96 °F |- | WEL || 202 K || -71 °C || -96 °F |- | CRC || || -71 °C || |- | LNG || || -71 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 87 Fr --> 87 Fr [[francium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 300 K || 27 °C || 80 °F |- | CRC || || 27 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 88 Ra --> 88 Ra [[radium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 973 K || 700 °C || 1292 °F |- | WEL || 973 K || 700 °C || 1292 °F |- | CRC || || 700 °C || |- | LNG || || 700.1 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 89 Ac --> 89 Ac [[actinium]] (Ac-227 ?) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || circa 1323 K || circa 1050 °C || circa 1922 °F |- | WEL || 1323 K || 1050 °C || 1922 °F |- | CRC || || 1051 °C || |- | LNG || || (Ac-227) 1050(50) °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 90 Th --> 90 Th [[thorium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 2115 K || 1842 °C || 3348 °F |- | WEL || 2115 K || 1842 °C || 3348 °F |- | CRC || || 1750 °C || |- | LNG || || 1750 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 91 Pa --> 91 Pa [[protactinium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1841 K || 1568 °C || 2854 °F |- | WEL || 1841 K || 1568 °C || 2854 °F |- | CRC || || 1572 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 92 U --> 92 U [[uranium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1405.3 K || 1132.2 °C || 2070 °F |- | WEL || 1405.3 K || 1132.2 °C || 2070 °F |- | CRC || || 1135 °C || |- | LNG || || 1135 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 93 Np --> 93 Np [[neptunium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 917 K || 644 °C || 1191 °F |- | WEL || 910 K || 637 °C || 1179 °F |- | CRC || || 644 °C || |- | LNG || || 644 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 94 Pu --> 94 Pu [[plutonium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 912.5 K || 639.4 °C || 1182.9 °F |- | WEL || 912.5 K || 639.4 °C || 1182.9 °F |- | CRC || || 640 °C || |- | LNG || || 639.5 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 95 Am --> 95 Am [[americium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1449 K || 1176 °C || 2149 °F |- | WEL || 1449 K || 1176 °C || 2149 °F |- | CRC || || 1176 °C || |- | LNG || || 1176 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 96 Cm --> 96 Cm [[curium]] (Cm-244 ?) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1613 K || 1340 °C || 2444 °F |- | WEL || 1613 K || 1340 °C || 2444 °F |- | CRC || || 1345 °C || |- | LNG || || (Cm-244) 1340 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 97 Bk --> 97 Bk [[berkelium]] (alpha) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1323 K || 1050 °C || 1922 °F |- | CRC || || 1050 °C || |- | LNG || || 1050 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 97 Bk --> 97 Bk [[berkelium]] (beta) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1259 K || 986 °C || 1807 °F |- | WEL || 1259 K || 986 °C || 1807 °F |- | CRC || || 986 °C || |- | LNG || || 986 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 98 Cf --> 98 Cf [[californium]] (Cf-252 ?) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1173 K || 900 °C || 1652 °F |- | WEL || 1173 K || 900 °C || 1652 °F |- | CRC || || 900 °C || |- | LNG || || (Cf-252) 900 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!-- 99 Es --> 99 Es [[einsteinium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1133 K || 860 °C || 1580 °F |- | WEL || 1133 K || 860 °C || 1580 °F |- | CRC || || 860 °C || |- | LNG || || 860 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!--100 Fm --> 100 Fm [[fermium]] (Fm-257 ?) |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1800 K || 1527 °C || 2781 °F |- | WEL || 1800 K || 1527 °C || 2781 °F |- | CRC || || 1527 °C || |- | LNG || || (Fm-257) 1527 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!--101 Md --> 101 Md [[mendelevium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1100 K || 827 °C || 1521 °F |- | WEL || 1100 K || 827 °C || 1521 °F |- | CRC || || 827 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!--102 No --> 102 No [[nobelium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1100 K || 827 °C || 1521 °F |- | WEL || 1100 K || 827 °C || 1521 °F |- | CRC || || 827 °C || |- ! colspan="4" | <!--103 Lr --> 103 Lr [[lawrencium]] |- style="font-weight:bold" | use || 1900 K || 1627 °C || 2961 °F |- | WEL || 1900 K || 1627 °C || 2961 °F |- | CRC || || 1627 °C || |- | LNG || || 1627 °C || |} == Notes == * All values at standard pressure (101.325 kPa) unless noted. Triple point temperature values (marked "tp") are not valid at standard pressure. == See also == *[[Boiling points of the elements (data page)]] *[[List of elements by melting point]] == References == ===WEL=== As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources: * A.M. James and M.P. Lord in ''Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data'', Macmillan, London, UK, 1992. * G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in ''Tables of physical and chemical constants'', Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993. ===CRC=== As quoted from various sources in an online version of: * David R. Lide (ed), ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition''. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Melting, boiling, and critical temperatures of the elements. ===CR2=== Melting point data (where different from above) from an online version of: * David R. Lide (ed), ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition''. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Density of Molten Elements and Representative Salts ===LNG=== As quoted from: * J.A. Dean (ed), ''Lange's Handbook of Chemistry'' (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 3; Table 3.2 Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds [[Category:Chemical elements|*]]